Protein Digestion And Absorption - Protein Metabolism

it's protein time baby so how does the body digest and absorb all the protein molecules we get from food before we get to that let's do a quick review of proteins without going in depth proteins are large molecules made up of amino acids amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain and some proteins are single polypeptide chains and other proteins can have folds and many polypeptide chains linked together there are two main places that protein digestion takes place in the stomach and in the small intestine once the protein molecules are swallowed and enter the stomach chief cells in the stomach release the enzyme pepsinogen pepsinogen is an inactive enzyme because if it were active in the cells it would destroy proteins located inside the cells hydrochloric acid released inside the stomach causes a low pH level and this actually activates pepsinogen to pepsin and it also denatures the proteins or changes the shapes of proteins causing them to unfold pepsin breaks down the proteins into smaller fragments so next the food or chime enters into the small intestine from the stonk the higher ph of the small intestine inhibits pepsin from further breakdown of the partially digested protein however there are three enzymes that are released by the pancreas into the small intestine that do continue digestion trypsinogen chymotrypsinogen and pro carboxypeptidase all three of these are inactive when released an enzyme called enteral peptidase is released by the small intestine and this enzyme activates trypsinogen 2 trypsin which in turn activates other trypsinogen into trypsin and chymotrypsin agem 2 chymotrypsin and pro carboxypeptidase 2 carboxypeptidase trypsin and chymotrypsin act on bonds between specific amino acids within the partially digested protein breaking them into smaller peptides fragments carboxypeptidase can only act on a specific end of a fragment breaking the bond and releasing one amino acid at a time so at this point there are free amino acids dipeptides which are two amino acids bonded together in small peptide fragments the brush border or micro villi which are tiny hairlike projections located on the intra site cells of the small intestine also contain enzymes that finish the breakdown process the brush border enzymes a peptide ace break the bond between dipeptides and amino peptidase acts on a specific end of a fragment releasing one amino acid at a time free amino acids are then absorbed into the intra site cells through membrane transporters within the membranes of the cells some died in try peptides are also absorbed into the intra site cells through specific membrane transporters where they are then broken down into free amino acids on the other side of the inter site cells the amino acids are transported out of the cell into blood where they then travel to the liver some of the amino acids will be taken up by liver cells some will be used by cells throughout the body as building blocks of new proteins and if there are excess amino acids they can be converted to glucose or they can be broken down and used as fuel for cellular respiration alright folks so that'd be the basics on the digestion and absorption of proteins if you have any comments you can leave those down below you can do the thumbs up and thumbs down till next time ah I'm out of here

Channel: Whats Up Dude

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Keywords: Protein Metabolism, Protein Digestion And Absorption, protein digestion, protein absorption, protein absorption and digestion, metabolism of proteins, metabolism of proteins and amino acids, digestion of proteins, absorption of protein, digestion and absorption of proteins, how are proteins digested, how are proteins digested and absorbed, how are proteins digested in our body, how are proteins broken down

Id: ckqOvRObGB0

Length: 3min 12sec (192 seconds)

Published: Mon Sep 24 2018