Pope Francis; Cuban Spycraft; The Album | 60 Minutes Full Episodes

God bless you what's it like to have a long conversation with the Pope you're about to find out when you look at the world what gives you hope everything you see tragedies but you also see so many beautiful things a wide ranging interview with Pope Francis on minutes tonight the story of two Americans with top security clearances and how they spied on behalf of Cuba which Bartered and sold America's secrets to its enemies around the world do you think there are other Anam moneses in the government right now oh absolutely absolutely that's chilling there's no doubt that the Cubans are still penetrating our government with individuals who are loyal to them not to us the most dangerous animal in the world is man because other animals will hurt you if they're hungry or it's their nature of hunting but man can turn into an animal in no time all he needs is permission a unique new play with lessons from the past that pose a warning for today to this image I'm Leslie stall I'm Bill Whitaker I'm Anderson Cooper I'm Sharon alansy I'm John wory I'm Cecilia Vega I'm Nora odonnell I'm Scott Pell those stories and more tonight on 60 Minutes Francis is the first pope from the Americas the first of his name and more than any other Pope in recent memory has dedicated his life and Ministry to the poor the peripheral and the Forgotten all while leading the Catholic Church on difficult sometimes controversial issues that not everyone supports we were granted a rare interview at the Vatican and spoke to him in his native Spanish through a translator for more than an hour not Lost in Translation with was the 87-year old's warmth intelligence and conviction we began by discussing the church's first world children's day next weekend Pope Francis will welcome tens of thousands of young people to the Vatican including refugees of War during World Children's Day the UN says over a million people will be facing famine in Gaza many of them children not so in Gaza not just in Gaza think of Ukraine many kids from Ukraine come here you know something that those children don't know how to smile I'll say something to them they have forgotten how to smile and that is very painful do you have a message for Vladimir Putin when it comes to Ukraine please Waring countries all of them stop stop the war you must find a way of negotiating for peace strive for peace a negotiated peace is always better than an endless war what's happening in Israel and Gaza has caused so much division so much pain around the world I don't know if you've seen in the United States big protests on on college campuses and growing anti-Semitism what would you say about how to change that all ideology is bad and anti-Semitism is an ideology and it is bad any anti is always bad you can criticize one government or another the government of Israel the Palestinian government you can criticize all you want but not anti a people neither anti-palestinian nor anti-semitic no I know you call for peace you have called for a ceasefire in many of your sermons can you help negotiate peace what I can do is pray I pray a lot for peace and also to suggest please stop negotiate negoti prayer has been at the center of the Pope's life since he was born Jorge Mario bolio in Argentina in 1936 into a family of Italian immigrants before entering the Seminary bergolo worked as a chemist his own personal formula is Simplicity he still wears the plain silver cross he wore as the Archbishop of buen Osiris though it's not what Francis wears but where he lives that set the tone for his papacy 11 years a go instead of a palace above St Peter Square he chose the Vatican Guest House Kasa Santa Marta as his home we met him there under a painting of the Virgin Mary surrounded by the sacred Francis has not forsaken his sense of humor even when discussing serious subjects like the migrant crisis my grandparents were catholic immigrated from Northern Ireland in the 193 to the United States seeking a better life and I know your family too fled Fascism and you have talked about with migrants many of them children that you encourage governments to build Bridges not walls migration is something that makes a country grow they say that you Irish migrated and brought the whiskey whiskey that the Italian migrated and brought the mafia it's a joke don't take it badly but migrants sometimes suffer a lot they suffer a lot I grew up in Texas and I don't know if you've heard but the state of Texas is attempting to shut down a Catholic charity on the border with Mexico that offers undocumented migrants humanitarian assistance what do you think think of that that is madness sheer Madness to close the border and leave them there that is madness the migrant has to be received thereafter you see how you're going to deal with them maybe you have to send them back I don't know but each case ought to be considered humanely right a few months after becoming Pope Francis went to a small Italian island near Africa to meet migrants fleeing poverty and War your first trip as Pope was to the island of lampedusa where you talked about suffering and I was so struck when you talked about the globalization of indifference what is happening do you want me to State it plainly people wash their hands there are so many pontious pilots on the loose out there who see what is happening the Injustice the crimes that's okay that's okay and wash their hands it's indifference that is what happens when the heart hardens and becomes indifferent please we have to get our hearts to feel again we cannot remain indifferent in the face of such human dramas the globalization of indifference is a very ugly disease very [Music] ugly Pope Francis has not been indifferent to the church's most Insidious Scandal the rampant sexual abuse of hundreds of thousands of children worldwide for decades you have done more than anyone to try and reform the Catholic church and repent for years of unspeakable sexual abuse against children by members of the clergy but has the church done enough it must continue to do more unfortunately the tragedy of the abuses is enormous and against this an upright conscience and not only to not permit it but to put in place the conditions so that it does not happen you have said Zero Tolerance it cannot be tolerated when there is a case of a religious man or woman who abuses the full force of the law falls upon them in this there's been a great deal of progress It's francis's capacity for forgiveness and openness that has defined his leadership of the church's nearly 1.4 billion Catholics he put them and the world on notice during an impromptu press conference on a plane in 2013 when he spoke on the subject of homosexuality if someone is gay he said and he searches for the Lord and has good will who am I to judge and he did not stop there last year you decided to allow Catholic priests to bless same-sex couples that's a big change why no what I allowed was not to bless the union that cannot be done because that is not the sacrament I cannot the Lord made it that way but to bless each person yes the blessing is for everyone for everyone bless a homosexual type Union however goes against the given right against the law of the church but to bless each person why not the blessing is for all some people were scandalized by this but why everyone everyone you have said who am I to judge homosexuality is not a crime no no it's a human fact there are conservative Bishops in the United States that oppose your new efforts to revisit teachings and traditions how do you address their criticism you used an adjective conservative that is conservative is one who clings to something and does not want to see beyond that it is a suicidal attitude because one thing is to take tradition into account to consider situations from the past but quite another is to be closed up inside a dogmatic box Pope Francis has placed more women in positions of power than any of his predecessors but he told us he opposes allowing women to be ordained as priests or deacons francis's Devotion to traditional Doctrine LED one Vatican reporter to note that he's changed the tune of the church but the lyrics essentially remain the same this frustrates those who want to see him change policy on Roman Catholic priests marrying contraception and surrogate motherhood I know women who are cancer survivors who cannot bear children and they turn to surrogacy this is against church doctrine in regard to surrogate motherhood in the strictest sense of the term no it is not authorized sometimes surrogacy has become a business and that is very bad it is very bad but sometimes for some women it is the only hope it could be the other hope is adoption I would say that in each case the situation should be carefully and clearly considered Consulting medically and then morally as well I think there is a general rule in these cases but you have to go into each case in particular to assess the situation as long as the moral principle is not skirted but you are right I want to tell you that I really liked your expression when you told me in some cases it is the only chance it shows that you feel these things very deeply gracias I think that's why so many people have found Hope with you because you have been more open and accepting perhaps than other previous leaders of the church I get that you have to be open to everything the church is like that everyone everyone everyone so and so is a sinner me too I am a sinner everyone the gospel is for everyone if the church places a customs officer at the door that is no longer the Church of Christ everyone when you look at the world what gives you hope to everything you see tragedies but you also see so many beautiful things you see heroic mothers heroic men men who have hopes and dreams women who look to the Future that gives me a lot of Hope people want to live people Forge ahead and people are fundamentally good we all fundamentally good yes there are some Rogues and sinners but the heart itself is good behind the scenes at the Vatican hey God bless you and pray for me don't forget at 60 Minutes overtime.com sponsored by ntech ODT thank you yeah for your kidness thank you last month a career American ambassador pleaded guilty to spying for the intelligence service of Cuba Victor Manuel roacha served his country in positions that required the highest levels of security clearance for 40 years he was a covert agent before Ambassador roacha was exposed there was another prolific Cuban spy named Anna Montes a pentagon official who was the lead analyst on Cuba policy she SP died for 17 years but Cuban spycraft isn't just a relic of the Cold War it's a real and present danger to US National Security it turns out Cuba's main export isn't cigars or Rum it's American Secrets which they barter and sell to America's enemies around the world it was 1999 and then first lady Hillary Clinton danced with the president of Argentina at a state dinner President Clinton also danced the Tango across the White House Ballroom there in front wearing glasses and The Heirs of an aristocrat stood Victor Manuel roacha he was the number two Diplomat at the US Embassy in Buenos Iris with an impeccable reputation as a senior Statesman on Latin America he served on the National Security Council and became the ambassador to Bolivia seen here along IDE that country's president all that time while having the highest top secret security clearance with access to the most sensitive us intelligence but last December attorney general Merrick Garland announced roa's arrest he was charged with spying for Cuba for his entire career this action exposes one of the highest reaching and longest lasting infiltrations of the US government by a foreign agent in 2022 a man claiming to be a Cuban intelligence officer contacted roacha and asked to meet roacha agreed he had no idea the man was an undercover FBI agent over three meetings in Miami the FBI recorded roacha with the hidden camera and according to the complaint roacha bragged that he got away with Decades of spying by memorizing the secrets he stole roacha told the agent what we have done it's enormous more than a grand slam he called the US quote the enemy what do you think is the extent of damage that he did to National Security Manuel roacha did enormous damage to to American Security Brian latell was the cia's top Cuba Analyst at the height of the Cold War he says in the 1980s roacha cold called and struck up a professional relationship they remained friends for decades you think he approached you to get information out of you ultimately yes he never got any did you see any signs that he was leading a double life none none none what can you tell me about the tradecraft that Cuba uses they do it very very well in mostly rudimentary Fashions the Cubans are not flying satellites anywhere in the world nearly all of their ability and and success has been in the dimension of human intelligence their officers their intelligence agents and officers are very very good they know their tradecraft they practice it with great skill and with discipline and when they recruit they're very careful about how they recruit and how they communicate and what does Cuba do with the information it gets from all these spies they have no Scruples about sharing the information or perhaps marketing it selling it to uh to other countries the Russians maybe the Chinese if they collect information about about us intentions policy intentions toward Moscow or Beijing or tyan it would be of interest to those countries that was this man's job when he was a Cuban intelligence officer decoding messages intercepted from the US Jose Cohen defected in 1994 Cuba shared that information with enemies of the United States he told us countries like the Soviet Union for years countries like North Korea countries like Iran had information about the operation of the defense department you say Cuba may not have the weapons Cuba may not have the arms but they sell these secrets to the enemies of the United States the strongest enemies of the United States all of that was what made me realized this is a battle between good and evil Cuba was at the service of all the enemies of the United States after Jose Cohen set foot on us soil he shared a vital piece of information with the FBI that led to the investigation of more than 100 suspected Cuban agents and illegal officers and ultimately one very important spy Cohen handed over an encryption key like this one used by Cuban spies to send and receive secret messages with Havana three nights a week at 9900 p.m. and then again at 10: a series of numbered codes was broadcast out of Havana the signal could be heard from most of the 1990s up the East Coast as far north as Maine but the coded messages were only meant to be decoded by their agents including a pentagon analyst named Anna Montes who lived in this quiet Washington neighborhood this is where she did all of the business all the spy business exactly I mean she would listen to The High Frequency messages upstairs uh Tuesday Thursday Saturday night she would type up her messages on her computer in her bedroom right up here this is the area that she lived in camouflaged the fact that she was committing Espionage right here he says Peter lap is a retired FBI special agent who was on the team that led the montz investigation how did she do it she went to work memorized three things every day went home and uh all classified and then would write them up or type them up um and then every 2 or 3 weeks she would meet in person at lunch broad daylight two to three hours of her lunch maybe I've seen too many movies when I think spies I'm thinking dark of night park bench secret cameras fancy gadgets that wasn't her everyone who works for the intelligence community goes home with classified information in their head and you can't stop that with guards and Technology it's just it's it's undefeatable lap wrote a book on the FBI investigation into Montes he told us Havana doesn't pay its spies so Americans who spy for Cuba don't do it for money but rather are driven by ideology Ambassador roacho was recruited in the late 1970s influenced he now says by the radical politics of the day Montes was a student at the John's Hopkins school of advanced international studies in the 1980s and was outspoken about her anger toward US policy in Latin America when she was recruited by a Cuban intelligence officer montes's father was a US Army doctor and her siblings worked for the FBI one of her first jobs out of graduate school was as an analyst at the defense intelligence agency so Anna Montes was already a full-fledged Cuban spy from the moment that she set foot inside the defense intelligence agency she walked in fully recruited day one only went to DIA for the purpose of spying for the Cubans and when you think about the other folks that have been arrested for Espionage most start loyal they take the oath they intend to abide by that oath but then something happens and they flip and Anna's unique in the sense that she walked in from day one and was an Insider threat and and only went for the purpose of spying for the Cubans how does a Cuban Spy walk through the doors of the DIA and get a job she didn't have to take a polygraph they did not have a polygraph program at the time over the course of her career she became such an expert that she was known in the intelligence Community as the queen of Cuba all the while she was exposing National secrets to Havana the FBI surveilled her for a year before for her arrest as she walked to work and called her Cuban Handler by that time she had revealed the existence of a top secret satellite program used by the US to spy on other countries she also gave Havana the names of 450 American intelligence officials working on Latin American issues including four undercover officers stationed in Cuba and she got away with it for 17 years until she was arrested in 2001 at her office office by FBI special agent Peter lap and his partner Steven McCoy she didn't fit the profile of a typical spy no being a woman is incredibly unique so doesn't fit that typical what we would look for in a spy which is mostly men Montes pleaded guilty to Espionage and in exchange for not spending the rest of her life in prison she agreed to tell the FBI everything she had done I wouldn't mind at all meeting two Fridays a month through a public records request we obtained this footage seen here for the first time of Montes wearing prison Stripes speaking with FBI investigators citing montes's right to privacy the FBI denied our request for the recorded audio of their interviews but we obtained a Declassified transcript of the first day where Montas described how deep in she was she said ever since I started helping the Cubans there's been no halfway I don't really know how a person does it without feeling morally bound it's a full commitment mentally physically emotionally I feel that what I did was morally right that I was faithful to principles that were right Montes told the agents her only regret was that she was forced to cooperate with the FBI as part of her plea deal it's tearing me up she said but if the only way I'm going to see my family again it's the only way agent lap sat across from Montes in the interrogation room for 7 months he said one of the most sobering moments was when she said how far she would have been willing to go for the Cubans in the week after 911 she said if the Cubans asked me to provide them with intelligence about what we were doing in Afghanistan I absolutely would have done that and if men and women were killed as a result of my intelligence in Afghanistan she told us that's the risk they took what was the extent of the damage that she did I do think she's in that tier of some of the most notorious spies in American history and I think the damage that she did was incredibly significant after serving 20 years in federal prison Ana Montes was released in January 2023 she's now living in Puerto Rico where she has family and has been celebrated by some as a hero see here recently receiving an award from supporters through a lawyer montz declined our request for an interview last month former Ambassador Victor Manuel roacha told the judge he was deeply sorry and pleaded guilty to acting as an agent of the Cuban government at age 73 he was sentenced to 15 years in prison and is currently cooperating with investigators just how many state Secrets he gave to Cuba we may never know nearly all the details of his spycraft remain classified Ana Montes has yet to publicly express any remorse do you think there are other Anam moneses in the government right now oh absolutely absolutely that's chilling there's no doubt that the Cubans and the Russians and others have are still penetrating our government with individuals who are loyal to them and not to us by the time a new play opened last week off Broadway by acclaimed writer and director Moises Kaufman it had already been nominated for a poit surprise it's based on the true story of a photo album from awit that was sent to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington DC in 2007 Museum historians weren't sure what to make of it at first but the album turned out to be the Scrapbook of a Nazi an SS officer who helped run the day-to-day operations of a schwitz where about 1.1 million people mostly Jews were murdered between 1940 and 1945 the album doesn't show any prisoners or gas Chambers what it does show are some of the most notorious killers in history seemingly enjoying themselves that's what museum officials found so chilling and what Moises Kaufman spent 14 years creating a play about when I first saw the photographs I got goosebumps and I I remember thinking you know many of the people in my family died in AIT and these are the people who were doing it and they don't seem to have any remorse seeing that in a photograph so clearly articulated is terrifying this is terrifying because they all look so much like us the photographs may appear unremarkable at first SS officers at dinner parties drinking socializing flirting with their young Nazi secretaries but when these pictures were taken the Germans were losing the war and Exterminating more Jews and aitz than at any other time in the Holocaust several images show an SS officer giving his secretaries blueberries while a man plays an accordion the inscription reads here there are blueberries Moises Kaufman picked that for the title of his play I wanted the audience to have the experience that we had looking at the photographs what was it about the the series of the women eating blueberries that that so struck you that there were just you know teenage girls who were secretaries everyone is showing the photographer their empty plates but there's one of the women who pretend crying so she's so sad because she's run out of blueberries and outside of the frame there's 1.1 million people who are being killed so how do you lead your daily life and at the same time participate in one of the largest uh killing machines in the history of mankind the ction says rain from a clear sky Kaufman's play is centered on the museum historians who worked with survivors and even descendants of Na themselves to uncover what the album was the images appear to be straight out of a holiday scrapbook no one had ever seen images like these before there are few photos of awit because the Nazis worked hard to conceal their crimes I count 116 photographs Kaufman's main character is Rebecca reeling the historian of the Holocaust Museum played by actor Elizabeth stalman this is when the album becomes an obsess ession for me the real Rebecca rebelling received the album from a former US Counter Intelligence officer he said he found it in 1946 in an abandoned Apartment in war torn Frankfurt while hunting down Nazi war criminals he donated it to the museum but wanted to remain anonymous how did you go about finding out who made this I didn't see any trains I didn't see anything I recognized it was maybe the third time flipping through it and that's when I saw Joseph mangala no pictures of Dr Joseph manga in awit had ever been found before to see the album we went to a high security climate control facility in Maryland where the original pages are stored that's Dr manga that's mangala and these are still the only known photos of mangala while he was stationed at the camp mangala was known by prisoners at awit as the angel of death he conducted gruesome medical experiments mostly on children and often stood on the platform when trains arrived D selecting who would be sent to work and who would die immediately in gas Chambers not only is it mangala these are some of the most infamous officers at the camp so you see there's Bayer Richard Bayer is on the album's first page he was the last commant of awit that helped historians identify his Deputy Carl Hawker and it turned out this was hawker's personal album his Cherished Memories behind the scenes of a massacre May 1944 is when haw got to awz yes so this is the entirety of his time at ashwoods before the war Hawker had been a struggling bank teller becoming an SS officer at aitz was considered a big step up he had been staffed at the midic camp before this and so he had experience with prisoners arriving with selections with gas Chambers he signed receipts for zeyon B the lethal gas that was used for killing people he is a crucial Cog in the Nazi killing machine the 116 photos in the album show aitz as Carl Hawker wanted to remember it wow it's a mix of like candid things and really officials this is his dog his dog's name is favorit I mean what's so stunning about them is how normal yeah yeah I mean who hasn't taken a photo of them shaking their dog's hand mhm so this is Ule fire 1944 which is not to Christmas they know that the Soviets are coming they are not far they can probably hear the bombs they lighting Christmas tree yeah the album reveals something else Museum officials hadn't seen before the Nazis built a vacation resort at owitz it was called sulah huta these pictures show a gathering of top SS officers there in July 1944 Rebecca rebeling believes it was a party they were congratulating themselves for successfully murdering more than 350,000 Hungarian Jews in just 55 days this looks like there sing they are and this front row is really what the director of the museum Sarah Bloomfield calls the chorus of criminals so you have hucker you have UT Mall the head of the gas chamber section there's Rudolph Hurst the former commandant of as the former commandant of aitz mangala is here they're celebrating the the Su sucessful mass murder yeah then you know it was somebody labeled it the Metropolis of death and that's what it was it worked like like an assembly line factory Irene Weiss got to awit the day after Carl Hawker started working there she arrived when she was 13 on a train packed with Jews from Hungary separated from her parents and four of her siblings she says she found herself on the platform holding her younger sister Edith's hand as they approached Dr mangla and everything was a matter of seconds you know that stick came down between us he he held life and death with that stick all of a sudden I was alone she didn't know it at the time but that moment was captured by a Nazi photographer documenting the arrival and processing of Hungarian Jews it appears in one of the only other albums of aitz this photo has been colorized this is the group already going to the gas chamber where are you in this picture well I am right here this is you that's me right here so this is the moment after you've been separated from your little sister Edith the very moment yes that's what I'm looking at I can't leave I left her Irene Weiss never saw Edith her parents or her brothers alive again what she has is this photo that's her mother Leia sitting on the ground just behind her brothers Gerson and Ruben at aitz after this picture was taken they were led into a gas chamber they had to kill the children so there will not be a new generation and they discovered that if they also killed the mothers then they didn't have to worry about the chaos that that would create separating the children wouldn't be upset by being separated and the mothers wouldn't be wouldn't be upset why spent the next 8 months working outside one of those gas Chambers she sorted shoes and other belongings of the Dead we saw these Columns of women mothers and children and going into the door there talking to us and they're told they're walking into a bath house you know they asking questions where are you from and a half hour later the chimney is belching fire and that went on day after day and night after night so you saw thousands of women children walking into gas Chambers absolutely and you talked to some of them absolutely in the last seconds of their life minutes to their life yes but we couldn't cry it was an amazing thing this is beyond crying tears are for normal pain that kind of brutality from fellow mankind is so deep that you know people say Broken Heart the the heart keeps working but the soul never forgets Irene Weiss wasn't surprised by the photos in Carl hawker's album but when they were released publicly they made headlines around the world Tillman tab read about them online in Germany while on his lunch break and there was an article new photos from aitz have appeared yeah I thought this is interesting when he looked at the photos he was surprised to see his grandfather Dr hin bom Cotter on the first picture it wasn't 100% clear but then I flipped two more pictures and was absolutely 100% clear that uh that was him tab knew his grandfather was head physician at socken Housen concentration camp and had done medical experiments on prisoners and sent thousands to be killed at other camps but T wasn't sure why his grandfather had gone to awit iny he connected with Rebecca oring and soon discovered just How Deeply involved his grandfather was in the Holocaust when you see the picture of your grandfather I mean does that feel like your grandfather for me strictly speaking it's two different persons uh the grandfather that I knew was a rather normal grandfather and the SS officer is is a different person for me it's impossible to reconcile the two it's difficult difficult Really T now helps the museum search for more photos and documents by reaching out to other descendants of Nazis of course you want to be part of some kind of movement that helps preventing things like that from happening again you know your grandfather and you know what he did does it make you think differently about human beings what we are all capable of absolutely absolutely how could Highly Educated Physicians people whose entire professional purpose was to heal become systematic Killers the play about the Hawker album by Moises Kaufman and Amanda gronik his co-writer and longtime collaborator raises difficult questions not just about our past but about ourselves when we look at these pictures we're looking through the lens of how they saw what they were doing why is it important to see usht through their eyes because they didn't wake up each morning thinking I'm an evil monster I'm going to do evil monstrous things they woke up each day and they went about their lives filled with justifications and beliefs in what they were doing it makes all of us ask the question well what am I capable of doing I think that's what's happening when the audience comes in they sit here and they go who would I have been in that picture the most dangerous animal in the world is man because other animals will hurt you if they're hungry or it's their nature of hunting but man can turn into an animal in no time all he needs is permission as soon as permission is given from higher ups from government it Excel Ates even a hint of permission that it's okay to attack this group or exclude this group or shame that group it's it's happening it's never stopped now the last minute of 60 Minutes tonight A Farewell to our 56 season and to Frank Devine who made 60 Minutes better for 35 years Frank is retiring as a senior producer who improved the writing of every 60-minute story as a producer for Steve Croft Frank explained the 2008 financial crisis introduced us to an unknown Illinois Senator named Barack Obama and produced an almost unheard of interview with then Charles Prince of Wales now we must return our colleague to his family we will remember Frank for his generous and learned presence and our audience is in the debt of a journalist who believes facts are facts and writing fills them with meaning we may not see his by line L Franklin Divine here again but his inspiration endures thank you Frank I'm Scott pelly we'll be back in September with a brand new season of 60 Minutes more with Pope Frances in a CBS News Prime Time special tomorrow [Music]

Channel: 60 Minutes

Views: 101,202

Keywords: 60 Minutes, CBS News, Pope Francis, Catholic church, vatican, ukraine, gaza, religion, cuba, spies, pentagon, u.s., ana montes, victor manuel rocha, nazis, auschwitz, holocaust, world war II

Id: uEtVRu6W1sY

Length: 43min 14sec (2594 seconds)

Published: Wed May 22 2024