Hi, welcome to www.engvid.com , I'm Adam. In today's video, I'm going to continue looking
at parts of speech, in particular I'm going to look at verbs and adverbs. Now, for those of you who watch regularly,
there's also a video, you know, about nouns and adjectives, and there's a link in the
description box below. There will be another video about articles,
conjunctions, prepositions, etc. So today, we're looking at the different types
of verbs and adverbs. What do adverbs do? So, it's very important to understand how
each of these verbs works, and again, there're different videos for all - for each of these,
but know the types so that you can recognize them in a sentence. Again, remember the parts of speech are the
categories that every word in a sentence belongs to, and recognizing each word will help you
understand how to analyze a sentence for meaning, for composition, for all kinds of things,
and how to write sentences as well. So, again, technically, this is for beginners,
but intermediate and advanced students -- a lot for you to gain from this as well. So, the types of verbs. We have the "be" verb. Am, is, are, was, were, will be, right? So, these are the "be" verbs, these talk about
a state or a situation, okay, of something happening. There's no action, there's just state, okay? What is the situation of the context we're
talking about? It's very important and probably the most
used verb of all the verbs. Then you have your active verbs. For example, you have play, or you have give,
so you're giving something or you're playing tennis, etc. These are actives. These can be written in a passive form, okay,
so "was played", or "is played", tennis was played by all the kids, okay? So, again, not the best sentence, but that's
the verb. Active or passive verbs, where something is
actually happening, there's an action, and it's very important to realize that action
verbs come in transitive or intransitive form. Sometimes, ambitransitive means they can be
transitive or intransitive, depends on how they are used. A transitive verb must take an object, okay? A transitive verb must take an object, so
for example, "want", okay? Want is actually not an active verb, but it's
a transitive verb, and a transitive verb must take the object, so you always want something. You want what? Candy. You want what? To play, okay? So "want" always takes an object. Intransitive does not take an object, okay? So, for example, "go". Go where? Where does not work as an object, it works
as an adverb. So "go" will never have an object, it will
have an adverbial compliment which is a different lesson altogether. If you want to understand how these things
work, I have a video about the sentence structures, what is a sentence in English? You can get some more information there as
well. So active - passive. Now, there's something called a state verb. So, for example, "believe", or "understand",
or "know", or "think", okay? Here, we use these "like" action verbs in
terms of construction, okay? But there is no action. When you say "I believe you are correct.",
"believe", I'm not doing anything. It's just in my head - correct, that's it,
right? So, there's no action. And state verbs, we never use in the "-ing"
form. Never use them in a continuous form. That's the main thing to remember about state
verbs. Then you have linking and copula verbs. So, for example, seem. "He seems happy.", okay? There's no action here. There's no movement. Nothing is actually happening in this sentence,
it's just describing a situation, and it's very similar to a "be" verb. It's a situation. He seems happy. Maybe he is, maybe he isn't, but he's not,
I'm not doing anything, he's not doing anything, it's just my idea of his state or his feeling,
okay? So again, we use these also like action verbs,
but there's no action. Then you have your modals like will, can,
could, may, might, should, these are all verbs that are used with other verbs, okay, or by
themselves but with another verb understood, so, "He can". Can he swim? Yes, he can, but "can" means "swim". He can swim. Can be able to. So, these modals give you a little bit of
extra information about the main verb, okay? Will is used to talk about future, would is
talking about hypothetical, should - recommendation, may - probability, so each of these modals
has a particular function, and you should study the different modals and the different
functions each has. Auxiliary, these are helping verbs: be, do,
have. These are the auxiliary verbs. They are used to help a main verb do its action. So, for example, if you have a present perfect
verb, you have "have" or "has" as the helping verb. In a question, you use a helping verb. "Did you go?" So, "did go", not "went you", right? You don't do that. You split the verb into it's auxiliary and
it's main. The auxiliary takes the tense, okay? But again, that's a different lesson altogether. And then when it comes to verbs, it's very,
very important that you study the tenses. Past, present perfect, and know how to use
the base verb means just the verb by itself, the idea of the verb, not the action or anything
like that, or the infinitive "to" verb. "To be", "to play", "to want", okay? So, these are the different verbs you need
to study. These are the aspects of the verb that you
really need to study, okay? And then you'll know how to use them. Now, every sentence in English, every clause
in English has a verb in it. At least one verb as the main verb, and then
other verbs as infinitives or base verbs. So, study these. Now, before I go on, I highly, highly recommend
that you get yourself a good grammar book to start studying the basics, at least, of
grammar. Without a good grasp of grammar, you can't
make good English sentences in speaking or writing. You'll have a very hard time understanding
sentences in English, okay? Get yourself a good grammar book, learn the
different types of verbs, learn the tenses, start using them correctly, okay? Let's look at adverbs. Okay, so now we're going to look at adverbs,
okay? And a lot of people think because adjectives
describe nouns that adverbs describe verbs. And they're correct, adverbs do describe verbs,
they give you a little more information about the verb, but they're not only describing
verbs, they can also describe adjectives and they can describe other adverbs, okay? So, it's very important to remember that adverbs
are multifunctional. They do many things, and there are many different
types of adverbs, okay? If you want to talk about pace, okay, I walked
fast. I walked quickly. Talking about the pace, the speed, okay? If you want to talk about the strength, okay,
"He lifted weights angerly.", whatever, or with some sort of intensity or quality is
another one, okay? Intensity, like very, like very happy, so
I have an adjective: I am very happy, instead of just saying "happy". Very happy. I am making it more intensifying. Or I can also do the other way. I can mitigate, I can make less happy. I'm somewhat happy. Okay? Negation, like "no" or "not", these are actually
adverbs. Expectancy, or expectation. For example, "already" and "yet". I haven't don't it yet. I have already done it. These are adverbs. They tell you about expectation, about something
that's already happened, something that hasn't happened, it can be about time, for example,
"I just finished.", so lots of different ways to describe verbs, lots of different ways
to describe adjectives, and if you think about adverbs, "I speak very slowly.". Slowly describes speak, the verb. Very describes slowly, the adverb, so you
can have many different adverbs in a sentence. Some will modify verbs, some will modify adjectives,
some will modify other adverbs, okay? So you can mix them all up. Now, you can have simple adverbs like fast,
quickly, slowly, highly, intentionally, in many cases you can take an adjective and add
"-ly", okay? Take an adjective, add an "-ly" into it and
make it into an adverb, but not always, and then there are other words that are just adverbs
by themselves, like for example, "very". Very is just an adverb, you're not going to
use it in any other way, and it's an intensifier. Now, I could fill the board with all kinds
of different adverbs, but there's not much point in that. Again, you should get yourself a good grammar
book and study the different types of adverbs you can use and start practicing them and
when you find yourself something good to read in English, try to pick out the adverbs. Try to pick out the adjectives. Try to pick out each of the different parts
of speech and figure out how they're being used in these sentences. Now, another way adverbs are used, we have
adverb clauses to talk about or to describe a relationship between an independent clause
and a time and a reason and purpose, okay? So, although - "Although I like to eat pizza,
I don't eat it often.". Often - frequency adverb. Different - another type, alright? Often is an adverb. "Don't eat", modifying "eat often", "not",
negation. So, you have adverbs all over the place, you
have to know how they're being used, etc. Another thing to remember, adverbs often ask
questions in a sentence. They don't ask - answer what or whom, okay? These would be objects. They answer "where, why, how". "I went", I went where? "to the store". "To the store", although it's a prepositional
phrase, and again, we're going to talk about prepositions separately, this is acting as
an adverb to answer the question "where", okay? The building was designed by a famous architect. By whom? Okay? Designed by whom? It answers the question "whom", so that's
actually an adjective, object, preposition. So, you have to understand what's the relationship
between the phrase and the verb or whatever the clause is that came before it, okay? So, adverbs often answer these other questions
"where, why, how, when", etc., "for what purpose?", okay? So, these are the adverbs, but again, lots
of different types. Make sure that you get a good grammar book
and figure out which ones you need to know and how to use them, okay? Now, if you have any questions about adverbs
or verbs, please go to www.engvid.com and ask me in the comment section there. There's also going to be a quiz to make sure
that you recognize adverbs and verbs and the different types, and of course, if you liked
this lesson, please subscribe to my YouTube channel and come back for more grammar lessons
and other things like that. Okay? See you then. Bye.
