Packet Tracer Lab 3 - IP Addressing (Static and DHCP)

hello my name is Kevin large and I shall be your instructor for this video this is the third in a series of videos where we're building a complex evolving network getting more and more complicated and detailed with every single video this video video number three we're going to look at IP addressing static IP addressing and also automatic IP address in using the dynamic host configuration protocol or DHCP and we'll have a little look at testing connectivity as well with ICMP okay so we're going to start where we left off in video 2 and this is how the network looks the last thing we did in video 2 was we created four sub interfaces on Fast Ethernet 0 0 1 for each of the VLANs VLANs 10 20 30 and 40 we configured encapsulation dot1q for the trunk links so we've got a trunk link running between the switches and we've also got a trunk link running up from the left-hand switch SW one into the root of sub interfaces now we also configured the highest usable IP address on each of these subnets as the default gateway for its respective sub interface on the router so far sub interface fastethernet 0/0 10 which is the sub interface for the VLAN 10 sales we would use the highest IP address in the 172 16 10 0 subnet now bin is we have a slash 24 mask 32 subtract 24 gives you 8 2 to the power 8 is 256 so there's 256 addresses ranging from 0 which is the network all the way up to dot 255 which is the broadcast so if we want to use the highest usable IP address we can't use dot 255 because that's the broadcast so it will be 2 5 4 so I'm going to do I'm just going to put them those default gateway addresses onto the diagram so we will say VLAN 10 DG we used eg for default gateway 1 7 to 16 10 to 5 4 of course that did have a slash 24 mask on it has to have the same subnet mask ok I'll tidy those well up in a second or two VLAN 20 that is the 1 7 2016 11 0 network with a slash 26 mask slash 26 so 26 ones in the subnet mask how many zeros well see 32 minus 26 is 6 so 6 I left the zeros to ^ 6 will give us the number of addresses to ^ 6 is 64 minus the network and broadcast 62 usable addresses okay so that will range from 0 to 63 0 being the network 63 being the broadcast so 62 would be our highest IP address therefore VLAN 20 the default gateway will be 172 16 11 62 with a / 26 mask okay speed it up a little bit we've got 172 16 1164 with a / 27 masks 32 minus 27 is 5 2 ^ 5 is 32 - the network and broadcast is 30 so 30 usable addresses so let's it easiest way of working out the default gateways actually to look at the next network up the next network up is 96 subtract 1 will be the broadcast for the management network that be 95 subtract another one that be 94 so 172 16:11 94 / 27 okay no the sales VLAN oh hold on haha let's make sure we do that properly I have a specified which VLAN that is VLAN 40 D G okay that's better actually no it's not because it's not VLAN 40 its VLAN 30 documentation is so important it's the last thing people want to think about but it's so important to get the documentation right so VLAN 40 D G default gateway is 1:7 2.16 dot 11 dot let's think this one through right so we start at 96 it's a slash 28 32 minus 28 is 4 so we've got 4 zeros in the subnet mask it's the zeros that are the hosts ^ 4 is 16 this is going up in blocks to 16 with a / 28 mask so if it starts at 96 and goes up in a block of 16 the next subnet up would be 96 and 16 is 112 the broadcast would be 111 the default gateway would be 110 okay looking good so we've got four default gateways for IP addresses for IP addresses all on the same interface all in the same cable it's kind of crazy that isn't it of course you can only do that because you're using sub interfaces that's better isn't it v 9 10 10 254 v 9 2011 62 V 930 1194 V 940 11 110 all with different subnet masks this is known as variable length subnet masking okay if I highlight all of those for a second and just move them slightly across if I hover over that router we should hopefully see those addresses 10 to 50 for 1162 1194 eleven hundred and ten all with the correct masks how we useful this packet tracer is such a great tool okay now we need to do some more addressing let's have a think about the servers or servers should they have static or automatic IP addressing it should definitely have static addressing shouldn't they serve always has to be located at a specific place you don't want your servers IP address to be moving around so we will configure a static IP address on the server this is the 172 1611 96 VLAN sorry 1 7 2016 11 96 subnet VLAN 40 let's use the first IP address that will be 97 ok so we click on the server go to config actually there's two ways of doing it is a quicker way we go to desktop go to IP configuration make sure we've got static selected and then just type the number in 1/72 dot 1611 dot 97 ok we hit tab now when I hit tab it guesses I want the 255 255 0 0 mask / 16 mask the reason it guesses that mask is it looks at the first step which is 172 recognizes that that that's a Class B address and tries to put the default Class B mask of / 16 or 255 255 0 0 this is of course not the mask we want we are using a / 28 which is 255 255 255 so there's 8 16 24 bits and 4 bits from the fourth octet to 48 16 24 28 bits okay a default gateway just over there VLAN 40 default gateway 11 1 101 7 to 16 11110 okay we need a DNS server as well hmm that's an interesting point we should be used for a DNS server let's use this DNS server out on the Internet it's currently not configured as a DNS server but we'll do that in a later video 10 10 10 0 Network / 24 this machine is 1010 10.1 ok that's as good a DNS server as any 10 10 10 1 ok looking good I'm just gonna click in this next box deck box down just to make sure everything's selected and close the window how can I check to make sure I've got the correct IP address command prompt IP config okay looking good I have 172 1611 97 the first IP address on the sale subnet subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 gateway of 172 1611 110 VLAN 40 default gateway 172 1611 110 perfect if I actually do IP config space /all you can see some more information you can see that I've got the correct default gateway of 10 10 10 1 sorry the correct DNS server of 10 10 10 1 this IP address here it's a local link IP address as automatically generated starts with fe80 so we don't need to worry about that and here we have the MAC address of the server 48 bit number represented in hexadecimal 12 hexadecimal digits 48 bits each hexadecimal digit represents 4 binary bits okay looking good so there's air server statically configured and while we're at it we'll configure the server on this end as well so it's quick and easy to do 10.10 10.1 subnet mask guess is it's a slash 8 because it looks at the first octet that is a Class A address the 10 in the first octet so it's tried to put a default class a mask on it which is incorrect of course because we're using variable length subnet masking so we will put the correct slash 24 mask on and then we'll put a default gateway which will be the IP address of a router which is 10 10 10 - 5 4 10 10 10 - 5 4 looking good and a DNS server that's itself 10 10 10 1 although just click in that box there do a check always like to check to make sure everything's going correctly ipconfig /all excuse me 10 10 10 1 2 do yeah that's fine absolutely spun okay now while we're at it let's just configure the interface across the internet because we do an IP address in so let's do some IP addressing and configure the interface across the internet so we'll do which side we'll do the service provider side first because we haven't looked at that route yet so I'm going to click on the service provider router first of all I'm going to type ISP Internet service provider okay that way we know what we're looking at a bit of IP addressing quickly on the service provider just say no to setup configuration dialog enable confit hostname is P we'll be using the question we'll be using the abbreviations quite a lot of thing now okay so what do we want to do here let's have a look we want to go into the fastethernet 0/0 interface first of all and give it the IP address of 10 10 10 254 interface fastethernet 0/0 IP add that work bri v8 it 10 10 10 254 it will understand IP address is IP add because it's a perfectly valid abbreviation i've not short it so much that it's an ambiguous number of letters okay 255 255 255 0 job done now shut down watch the green lights there's the green light be hard to see the green light with a blue background but it's definitely there orange light on the other end while spanning-tree sorts itself out put a type exit i'm going to go into the serial link now interface serial and that was 0 4 0 4 / 1 again if you're not sure just hover over the button and you'll see which serial link it is I'm going to put an IP address of 88 40 12.2 88 40 12.2 nice class a public IP address with a slash 30 mask so that's 255 255 255 and the six bits from the fourth octet the first six bits gives us 2 5 2 now this is the service provider end I need a clock rate clock right how good is that what command puts the clock rate on go into the interface clock rate what speeds have we got use the question mark gives us the speeds I'm just going to put 128 thousand on now bear in mind the clock rate is measured in bits per second bits per second okay the clock rate controls the speed of that link really I'm going to also type bandwidth now the bandwidth is measured in kilobits per second so thousands of bits per second so if I've got a clock rate of 128 thousand I need to divide that by a thousand give me the bandwidth so 128 thousand divided by a thousand of course 128 so whatever your clock rate is because that's in bits and your band width in kilobits just divide your clock rate by a thousand what's the bandwidth used for well the pen widths used by routing protocols if you're running a routing protocol and a routing protocols job is to communicate between the two reuters exchange networks try to work out the fastest way around the network using metrics or measures of how good the links are very very important routing protocols but they use the bandwidth to calculate the metrics certain routing protocols but it's really the clock rate to controls the speed okay so what do we got left to do only a no shut no shut the opposite of shut shutdown shuts down the link no shut brings it up okay that's good so we've typed no shutdown and completely the opposite of what we expected to happen has happened no shutdown bring the link up what's it done completely the opposite Brit it down there's a reason for that though a serial link will not come up unless both ends are correctly configured and currently the other end is not correctly configured if I do a ctrl Z and the WR into a show by P interface brief you'll notice on the serial link it doesn't say administratively down it just says down big difference administratively down means I have not told it to switch on I have not issued shut no shut down down on the other house and that means I have told it to switch on it just can't switch on at the minute because the other end isn't configured correctly ok this end will come up once the other end is configured which we'll do now so into the customer side router and let's just move it so as being a seat link go on enable compte int how much can i short on this down s 0 for s less 0 for / 0 that should do it so we're going to interface serial 0 0 0 IP ad hit tab 8840 12.1 255 255 255 255 and with the SIF your routing protocol needs the bandwidth okay what did I forget to do now shut down right up arrow Conti up arrow to find the interface no shutdown eat green lights green lights both sides control Z W R if I pop into the service provider router you should see that the interface has come up on that side too okay excellent now how do I test connectivity across the link ping 8840 12 - so from our route oh we're pinging across the link 288 forty twelve to five exclamation marks a 100% success rate five packets sent five packets received fantastic right okay let's set up some dynamic addressing on a corporate network I don't want to have to put a P addresses on all of these routers is so far too many of them this 200 pcs there's 200 pcs on this subnet I don't want to put a P addresses on all of them okay so what we'll do on the router will create DHCP pools one pool per subnet we will not create a pool for the server's of course because they will be using static addressing so for the sales subnet the research subnet and the management subnet will create DHCP pools what are the network addresses we'll use already on the board 172 16 1001 7 to 16 11 0 & 1 7 to 16 1164 what are the default gateways we need to use again they're already on the screen there ok let's move that to one side a little bit and start configuring the route at right there are four subnets how can I see my subnets let's look at the routing table show IP route okay you can see our four lands these are the four subnets the four lands inside our company 10 0 11 0 11 64 and 1196 sales research management and service we also have one way in which goes off to the Internet right we don't need to worry about the server's subnet because there's static addressed but the other three we're going to create DHCP pools for so compte IP dhcp pool i'm going to use the VLAN names VLAN 10 ok and we'll give it the network address of which is the network address for VLAN 10 i can actually see it on the board there by typing show IP route i can see the network address once ever 2 16 10 0 packet tracer even allows me to copy that and paste it subnet mask is slash 24 job done that line will actually hand out the IP address and the subnet mask to the PCs when they request IP addresses don't think it won't hand out you won't hand out anything else so we need to put default router to hand out the default gateway which with VLAN 10 is 1 7 to 16 10 to 5 4 only one hand out the DNS server either and our DNS server was 10-10-10 one okay that's it job done let's just do those a lot quicker now VLAN 20 subnet is one seven two sixteen eleven zero with a mask of slash 26 which is 192 with a default router of 11 62 and a dinner server luckily that doesn't change it tool now let's do VLAN 30 network 1164 and subnet mask so that's 27 which is 2 to 4 default router of where is it it's on the board there 1194 DNS server 10 10 to m1 patrols 8 WR job done show IP dhcp paul ah doesn't have that command or does it hold on is it dhcp - Paul ah ok packet trace is very good but it doesn't have all the commands the real router would have on a real router you can type show IP dhcp Paul but we can use the the bindings command and that will show us any IP addresses that have been given out and the MAC address of the machine they've been given - none have been given out at the moment so it's completely empty right as if this is working it should be next thing to do will go into one of the PCs got a desktop go to IP configuration until it's use DHCP and cross their fingers and look at that one 72 1610 one is handed out the first IP address in the sales VLAN send it out the correct default gateway and it's handed out the correct DNS server superb alright let's try the next one desktop IP configuration DHCP this should get eleven one and it does the slash twenty six mask 1162 for my default gateway ten ten ten one for the DNS server finally last PC the management VLAN DHCP should get 1165 which it does it's less twenty seven mask default gateway of ninety-four ten ten ten one let's double-check bring up the command prompt why not I always like to use the command prompt IP config space four slash all and there's your automatic IP address subnet mask default gateway and DNS server superb okay that's all looking pretty good I suppose yeah we'll call it a day there and in the next video we'll have a look at getting this internet connection working all the way across we'll look at connecting straight through to the internet from these pcs and we'll set up DNS will set this server up as a DNS server and we'll set it up as a web server as well and this one over here too so as we can browse from our pcs using the URL to the two web servers one on the internet and one on our corporate land okay I hope you found that useful and I'll sign off from this video we'll come back on the lap for video connecting to the internet and DNS thank you very much

Channel: RemoteTrainingSolutions

Views: 14,418

Rating: 4.9292035 out of 5

Keywords: Cisco, CCNA, Packet Tracer, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (Protocol), Networking

Id: hYoCXx7sxIk

Length: 27min 48sec (1668 seconds)

Published: Sat Apr 04 2015