Lesson 27 - Exodus 26, 27, & 28

[Music] [Music] in chapter 25 of Exodus Yehovah gave instructions on the three primary furnishings that are to be placed inside of the tabernacle sanctuary the Ark of the Covenant the table of showbread and the menorah the golden lampstand and beginning in chapter 26 we get the instructions for the construction of the tabernacle itself now we're going to move fairly rapidly we're gonna cover all of Exodus chapters 26 and 27 and the first part of chapter 28 as well as some New Testament writings that are pertinent to our subject so keep those Bibles open and handy but for now turn to Exodus chapter 26 if you have a complete Jewish Bible its page 89 Exodus chapter 26 page 89 if you have a complete Jewish Bible you were to make the tabernacle with 10 sheets of finely woven linen and it was blue purple and scarlet yarn you are to make them with cherubim worked in that have been crafted by skilled artisan each one is to be 42 feet long 6 feet wide all the sheets are to be the same size 5 sheets are to be joined into one into another and the five sheets are to be joined one to another make loops on of blue on the edge of the outermost sheet in the first set do the same on the edge of the outermost sheet of the second set make fifty loops on the one sheet fifty loops on the edge of the sheet in the second loop the loops are to be opposite one another make fifty fasteners of gold and couple the sheets to each other with the fasteners so the tabernacle forms a single unit you are to make sheets of goats hair to be used as a tent covering the tabernacle make 11 sheets each sheet is to be 45 feet long and 6 feet wide all 11 she to be the same size join five sheets together and six sheets together and fold the six sheet double at the front of the tent make fifty loops on the edge of the outermost sheet in the first set and fifty loops on the edge of the outermost sheet in the second set make fifty fasteners of bronze put the fasteners in the loops join the tent together so that it forms a single unit as for the overhanging part that remains of the sheets forming the tent the half sheet remaining is to hang over the back of the tabernacle and the 18 inches on the one side and the 18 inches on the other side of that remaining in the lengths of the sheets forming the tent is to hang over the tabernacle to cover it on each side you are to make a covering for the tent of tanned ram skins and an outer covering of fine leather make the upright planks for the tabernacle out of acacia wood each plank is to be 15 feet long and two and a quarter feet wide there are to be two projections on each plank and the planks are to be joined one to another that is how our year to make all the planks for the tabernacle make the planks for the tabernacle as follows 20 planks for the south side facing southward make 40 silver sockets under the 20 planks two sockets under one plank for its two projections two sockets under another plank for its two projections for the second side of the tabernacle to the north make twenty planks and their 40 silver sockets two sockets under one plank to under another for the rear part of the tabernacle towards the west makes six planks for the corners of the tabernacle excuse me in the rear make two planks these are to be double from the bottom all the way to the top but joined it a single ring do the same with both of them there to form the two corners thus there will be eight planks with their silver sockets 16 sockets two sockets under one plank two under another make crossbars of acacia wood five for the planks on the one side of the tabernacle five cross bars for the planks on the other side of the tabernacle five cross bars for the planks at the side of the tabernacle at the rear towards the west the middle cross bar halfway up the planks is to extend from end to end over lay the planks with gold make gold rings for them through which the cross bars will pass and overlay the cross bars with gold you were to erect the tabernacle according to the design you have been shown on the mountain you were to make us curtain of blue purple and scarlet yarn and finely woven linen make it with the cherubim worked in that they had been crafted by a skilled artisan hang it with gold hooks on four acacia wood posts overlaid with gold and standing in for silver sockets hang the curtain below the fasteners then bring the ark for the testimony inside the curtain the curtain will be the divider for you between the holy place and the especially holy place you are to put the ark cover on the art of the testimony in the especially holy place you are to put the table outside the curtain and the menorah opposite the table on the side of the tabernacle towards the south put the table on the north side for the entrance to the tent make a screen of blue purple and scarlet yarn and finally woven linen it should be in colors the work of a weaver for the screen make five posts of acacia wood overlay them with gold and Casper than five sockets of bronze okay we've already discussed that the tabernacle was divided into three zones of varying degrees of holiness the Holy of Holies being the greatest the holy place with slightly less holiness and the outer court the place of least holiness also recall that the perimeter of the tabernacle was basically a fence that was made out of cloth that enclosed an open courtyard the tent portion which consisted only of the Holy of Holies in the holy place was the only portion of the tabernacle that had a roof now understanding there is some disagreement over exactly how long and modern measurement of cubit was the general consensus is that the perimeter of the outer Court was about 150 feet long and 75 feet wide the tabernacle was always erected in an east-west orientation with the tent portion more towards the western end and a large 30-foot wide gateway was placed at the east end of the courtyard and the entrance into the tent also then faced east now since the tabernacle was meant to go wherever God directed Israel to move it had to be mobile its design was quite ingenious the specifications were given obviously meant for it to be assembled and disassembled and then transported multiple times it would be like to have made it would have have to have been made to withstand the daunting conditions of the desert with its oven-like dryness the fierce winds laden with fine sand that was an ever-present bother yet it was also not made of lightweight materials it had to be rugged so it was heavy now we're not going to get into it today but the Book of Numbers tells us that the precious metals alone totaled 8 tons and the wood for construction would have weighed several tons even the cloth and the RAM skins would have been of considerable weight numbers also tells us that several covered wagons pulled by teams of oxen were used to transport the tabernacle however all indications are that the furnishings of the tabernacle cluding the ark the menorah the tables of showbread and incense these were hand carried now various clans that form the tribe of levy were given specific articles that they were to carry to handle these articles any other way was a trespass against the God of Israel the curtain that rained the outer court was made of finely woven linen Sheetz and they were held in place by acacia wood pillars with bronze bronze sockets were placed at the bottom of each pillar and ropes were tied from the top of each pillar to the ground held in place with bronze stakes let me just pause for a minute and mentioned to you if you've ever been able to go to Shiloh Shiloh in Israel and you will see there the outline of it and you could actually see post holes in the ground there from one attempt from when the tabernacle was first erected in the land it's quite amazing so you can get a better sense for what this must have looked like and notice all the use of bronze since this outer area was where humanity normal lay people could enter this non precious metal was used in its construction from a practical aspect the bronze was a lot harder more useful for construction than gold or silver and at the top of each pillar however was a silver cap and some silver bars or hooks from which the courtyard curtains were hung now the yarn colors chosen to make the curtains blue purple and scarlet made the endeavour all the more expensive because these particular colors were hard to make and we're told that apparently some or all of these linen sheets had pictures of cherubim or veem woven into them I can't really explain the significance of these mysterious chair of them as much as I wish I could except to say that they were obviously an important element to God and since this was your hobby giving this narrative on the details of his tent of his tabernacle since it has been made clear numerous times that the wilderness Tabernacle is a physical earthly representation of the heavenly spiritual tabernacle it must be that god employs numerous cherubim and service to him must probably as guardians of his holiness now further that the cherubim have this unusual Priven we find out of being nearest to God even interacting with God in his heavenly throne room well the tenth the sanctuary itself was about 45 feet long 15 feet wide 15 feet tall it was divided into two rooms the holy place was the larger the two rooms about 30 by 15 the Holy of Holies was a 15 by 15 by 15 cube and as we might expect the acacia wood used in the sanctuary was covered in gold rather than the more common bronze as was used outside in the People's Court now the gold would have reflected the light in a most useful and magnificent women can you imagine the warm color of amber that the room would have taken on with the light reflected from literally gold walls acacia wood planks were used to help form the structure of the sanctuary and these planks were completely encased in gold well the entire golden wood structure of the tent was covered and protected with a covering that consisted of four layers the innermost covering was a fine linen next to it was woven goat hair now goat hair was the most common material used for making tents in that era the vast bulk of the Israelites would have used woven goat hair tents for themselves because it was plentiful it was durable it was strong and depending on the tightness of the weave somewhat waterproof all the way rain wasn't that big of a problem where they were wandering covering the goat hair now was a layer of RAM skins they'd been dyed red and finally the outermost layer which had to face this harsh desert weather now this outer layer is a little bit of a mystery because the Hebrew word used for it is to hash to hash it just referred to some type of animal skin many translators make this to hash out like in our complete Jewish Bible say it's a high grade of leather fine leather but that defies logic because tanned leather like from cattle was common and it was a common understood there's a common understood word to describe it takács is an unusual to an uncommon word and it's used only in the context of the wilderness Tabernacle it has been claimed by Jewish scholars for centuries that the outer outer covering was either seal or porpoise skins obviously because it would have been airtight water repellent and even offered protection then from the super fine dust that was part desert life now it should be no surprise that either seal or purpose perhaps both were used as the Israelites were very near the Red Sea and those two sea creatures were very plentiful there now I imagine they bartered for them from local seaside residents or else some of the more well-to-do Israelites might have just bought some brought something with them from Egypt but I doubt that as it wouldn't have been a common material used in Egypt well the main entrance into the ten which would take one into the holy place was called the door and Hebrew Misaka Misaka and one had to walk through the holy place to get into the Holy of Holies a veil a curtain called parkette and Hebrew separated holy place from the Holy of Holies in Hebrew the name of the holy print places Kadesh the Holy of Holies is Kadesh Hakko Toshima let's move on to Exodus chapter 27 you were to make the altar of acacia wood seven and a half feet long seven and a half feet wide the altars to be square and four and a half feet high make horns for it on its four corners the horns are to be of one piece with it you are to overlay it with bronze make it spots for removing ashes it's shovels basins meat hooks and fire pans all its utensils you are to make a bronze make for it a grade of bronze netting and on the four corners of the netting make four bronze rings and put it under the rim of the altar so that the netting reaches halfway up the altar make poles of acacia wood for the altar overlay them with bronze its poles are to be put into the Rings the poles are to be on both sides of the altar for carrying it the altar should be made of planks and a hollow inside there to make it just as you were shown on the mountain here is how you are to make the courtyard of the tabernacle on the south side facing southward are to be tapestries for the courtyard made of finely woven linen one hundred and fifty feet for one side supported on 20 posts in twenty bronze sockets the hooks on the posts and the attached Rings for hanging are to be a silver likewise along the north side are to be tapestries one hundred and fifty feet long hung on 20 posts and twenty bronze sockets with silver hooks and rings for the posts across the width of the courtyard on the west side are to be tapestries 75 feet long hung on 10 posts and ten sockets the width of the courtyard on the east side facing east will be 75 feet the tapestries for one side of the Gateway will be twenty-two and a half feet long hung on three posts and three sockets for the other side there will be tapestries two and a twenty-two and a half feet long on three posts in three sockets for the Gateway of the courtyard there is to be a screen 30 feet long made of blue purple and scarlet yard and finally woven linen it should be in colors the work of a weaver it is to be on four posts in four sockets all the posts all the way around the courtyard her to be banded with silver and to stand in sockets of bronze the length of the courtyard is to be 150 feet and the width 75 feet everywhere with the height 7 and 1/2 feet the tapestries in screen are to be a finely woven linen their sockets to be a bronze all the equipment needed for every kind of service in the tabernacle as well as the tent pegs for the tabernacle and for the cart yard courtyard are to be a bronze you are to order the people of Israel to bring you pure oil of pounded olives for the light and to keep a lamp burning continually Aaron and his sons are to put it in the tent of meeting outside the curtain in front of the testimony and keep it burning from evening until morning before I deny this is to be a permanent regulation throughout all the generations of the people of Israel well just as the ark was the most holy and important item inside the tent sanctuary the brazen altar is the most holy and important item outside of the sanctuary therefore the design and placement of the great altar of sacrifice is also all-important this is where countless millions think about that millions of innocent animals will have their lives taken from them their blood spilled their bodies burned up into ashes all necessary to atone for mankind's sins in order for God's worshippers to remain at peace with God now often this altar is called the brazen altar in Hebrew it's called Misbah challah brazen simply means that it was made from the hardest metal they had to work with those times bronze mixture of iron and copper so altar altar of sacrifice altar of burnt-offering brazen altar all these are referring to the same thing for all practical purposes the altar was a special fire pit it was a portable box that was constructed with the Keysha wood as a frame and then covered over with bronze so it wouldn't catch fire it was about seven and a half feet long and each side a little under five feet high four horns were molded into it one on each corner now these horns were used to tie the sacrificial animal to it during the sacrificial procedure and whether there was spiritual significance to these horns or whether they were there strictly for practical reasons is an open question altars of the Canaanites have been found and several of these had horns on them as well many tools and implements for use with the altar were required and they too were fashioned from Bach from bronze this included shovels to deal with the spent ashes pails and buckets to catch the animal blood sensors sometimes called fire pans to carry hot coals then special shovel pans to carry the ashes outside of the camp to be disposed of and just as with the Ark of the Covenant rings were attached to the sides of the of the altar so that the wooden poles could be inserted through the rings as a means to transport the altar when the time came to move the tabernacle facilities that you obey his command the altar was not moved by being placed unto a wagon it had to be hand carried from location to location hence the use of the poles well the altar was placed just inside the gate of the outer court now as I had pointed out last week when Moses had been told to build an altar on which to sacrifice animals to seal the Covenant between Israel and you obey the covenant of Moses God had him place it outside of the holy area which was on the slope of Mount Sinai instead it was to go to the valley floor beyond that stone fence that acted like a barrier an area that could be accessed by the people day and night so true to form now the brazen altar was placed outside of the holy area of the tabernacle the sanctuary and into the outer court where people to regular people lay people had access to it and by the way this most certainly means that the stone altar were the Covenant ceiling sacrifice had occurred must have been decommissioned once the brazen altar was built and it was operational now the placement of the altar was significant it was set between the outer court gate and the entrance to the holy place one had to pass by the altar to get to the sanctuary in fact each time before a priest could enter the sanctuary he had to make a sacrifice this is a prophetic and symbolic teaching on the purpose of Yeshua we have to pass through the sacrifice of Christ in order to enter the sanctuary of God now probably the best symbol that we could use to help us understand this connection between the brazen altar and Jesus would be the cross that is the cross was to Christ what the brazen altar was to those sacrificial animals the animals had to be raised up placed on the altar bound to the horns of the altar and they had to have their blood spilled to atone for Israel's sins Christ had to be raised up across to which he was bound and he had to have his blood spilled for Israel's and for mankind sins certainly the plan also made provision for Gentiles non-israelites to be mysteriously joined to Israel in order that we might partake in their covenants with God but that's the only way it could happen one had to be grafted into Israel's covenants with you Hoving in order to benefit by the by what Christ did so that those of you who are newer to this congregation won't take this wrong I do not mean one has to become a physical National Jew to become a believer nor does one need to convert and then begin practicing Judaism the term grafting or grafted in is a metaphor it's used from a spiritual point of view not physical it occurs when by faith you spiritual act by faith you trust the issue as your Savior and Lord listen to what Paul says in Romans two and three about this Romans two and three we're gonna read just a few verses of this - 17 through Romans 3:4 he says this I'll read it for you don't have to go there but if you call yourself a Jew and you rest on Torah and you boast about God and know his will and give your approval to what is right because you have been instructed from the Torah and if you are have persuaded yourself that you are a guide to the blind to light in the darkness an instructor of for the spiritually unaware and a teacher of children since in the Torah you have the embodiment of knowledge and truth then you who teach others don't you teach yourself preaching thou shalt not steal do you steal saying thou shalt not commit adultery do you commit adultery detesting idols do you commit adultery sacks you take such pride in torah do you by disobeying the torah dishonor God as it says in the Tanakh for it is because of you that God's name is blaspheme by the Gentiles for circumcision is indeed a value if you do what Torah says but if you're a transgressor of Torah you're a circumcision has become uncircumcision therefore if an uncircumcised man keeps the righteous requirements of the Torah won't his uncircumcision be counted his circumcision indeed the man who is physically uncircumcised but obeys the Torah will stand as a judgment on you who've had a circumcision ceremony and half Torah written out but you violate it for the real Jew is not merely Jewish outwardly true circumcision is not only external in physical on the contrary the real Jew is one inwardly true circumcision is of the heart spiritual not literal so that his praise comes not from other people but from God moving on to chapter 3 then what advantage has the Jew what's the value of being circumcised much in every way in the first place the Jews were entrusted with the very words of God if some of them were unfaithful so what does their faithlessness cancel god's faithfulness heaven forbid God would be true even if everyone were a liar as the Tanakh says so that you God may be proved right in your words and wind the verdict when you are put on trial sometimes Christians tend towards over generalizing and taking a scientific rational view of the Bible whereby all things must be either-or well that's not how God operates here in Romans it's explained that just because many Jews didn't follow God's plan of salvation for them to its logical conclusion doesn't cancel God's plan and it doesn't cancel his faithfulness towards them further we need to begin to understand that long before Israel was created on earth the heavenly ideal of Israel which was God's principles being lived out among humans already existed Israel was created on earth to serve God by recording these laws and principles and then living them out demonstrating these ideals so that all mankind would witness and then under certain conditions benefit by this heavenly ideal Israel succeeded to some degree they failed to some degree the Jew that kept to this heavenly ideal according to Paul is the one who accepts Yeshua the Messiah the Yehovah sent them and Paul further explains the Jews who kept to that heavenly ideal he labels as true Jews not my words as Paul's words true Jews from a heavenly perspective now conversely the Jew that simply did the rituals and all these observances apart from a true love and trust in God and rejects God's Messiah remains physically a Jew but he's failed in his purpose as part of God set apart people but another concepts also introduced that of a Gentile who trusts in Israel's Messiah Yeshua and strives for the heavenly ideal this Gentile what today we call a saved person a believer Christian is lumped into the category that Paul labels the true Jew again not that a Gentile suddenly has Hebrew implanted in him but rather that this Gentile is viewed by God as a member of those people who reflect the Heavenly ideal of Israel now this notion should be no more difficult for us to understand than the well entrenched and correct Christian principle that when we are saved by the blood of Yeshua sacrifice God no longer sees us as sinful men and women rather he sees us as pure and clean now the reality is though we still have evil in us we are gonna continue to sin even though we don't want to sometimes and we're gonna fight to our deaths the urge to do wrong against God our DNA has not changed we're still completely human there are old ways of stinkers thinking that are still in there even with our new knowledge of God yet the father chooses because of our faith in his son to see us as free from sin he sees us as justified regardless of the physical reality of our collected flesh and our mind now another way God chooses to see Gentile believers is as those who possess the attributes of the people that were intended to embody that heavenly ideal that's Israel we're not Jews but in a certain sense he chooses to see it see us that way now we're reminded again and again in the Bible of what a debt of gratitude Gentile believers Oh Israel not not just a feeling of gratitude but an action of expressing that gratitude intangible tonight take a half-hour it's all take you probably less read through Romans 9 10 and 11 read the chapters one right after the other disregard the chapter markers because Romans is just one exceptionally long letter put aside all the allegorical teaching you've ever heard about these chapters instead just take it at face value just as it was intended to be taken it will make this spiritual grafting in process of Gentiles and Israel quite clear and unequivocal to you I want to state something else an everlasting God principle is being made visible and planed by means of the brazen altar for everybody to see and it's this without a blood sacrifice there is no atonement for sin that's it it's the one and only way this constant day-in day-out sacrificing it the altar was a visible it was an awful reminder to the people of Israel of this principle I suspect though that just as some of us can speak of Jesus's sacrifice of himself I don't know kind of a removed matter-of-fact way perhaps some of those Israelites ceased choking back tears caused by the pitiful bleeding of those countless harmless innocent sheep and cattle and goats that were slaughtered on their behalf of the millions of birds that had their necks wrung those enormous bulls that had to be wrestled against their will as they tied that they were tied up and as those bulls resisted having their throats slit and their lives in doesn't sound very pretty does it it wasn't pretty but to the average Israelite who regularly witnessed the sacrificial process it must have resulted in a most bittersweet understanding of the truth of it all there is no atonement for sin without the loss of life without a blood sacrifice there is no other way the bitterness was in the reality of this seemingly endless stream of blood that flowed from that altar the sweetness was in knowing that this was all arranged by a most merciful gracious God so that the Hebrews own lives could be spared so that they could have an ongoing relationship with the holy god of the universe oh but the cost of it was so great perhaps that Mel Gibson film the passion was the modern-day visual element we need to help us understand the horror of Yeshua's last hours of life I know I winced I turned my face away from that movie many times trying not to see the blood splattered smeared all over the pavement but folks that's the horrible truths about sacrifice sacrifice is not lovely those animals deaths on the altar were not peaceful they were not easy and sterile they weren't done in private they were noisy messy foul-smelling gut-wrenching those who brought their animals to sacrifice either had to do the deed themselves or in conjunction with a priest there was no shrinking away from it you couldn't separate yourself you couldn't hi from your duty their sin our sin brings a dreadful price with it thank god there's no further need for a brazen altar well beginning in verse 20 the fuel for the tabernacle menorah is discussed it is to be from pure olive oil refined so it's the very best here's the instruction that the lights of the menorah to burn day and night and it's reiterated that the menorah is to be placed outside of the curtain the Veil the parapet that separates the Holy of Holies from the holy place in other words it's to be placed inside the holy place not the Holy of Holies and Aaron and his sons are to tend it I want to just mention that Aaron does not represent the entire Levite tribe he is just one of several clans within the tribe of levy other Levite clans will be selected for certain kinds of service and duties for the tabernacle for instance only from Aaron's direct descendants can the hike can come to High Priest and just as much those who tend the menorah also must come from Aaron's line other clans of Levites not attached to Aaron will be identified as responsible for some other specific duties well noticed in the last verse of chapter 27 that the use of the menorah and the specific clan of the Levites who have been assigned to tend to it are to be a permanent regulation obviously however there were at least two times in Israel's history when this regulation was simply undoable the first time was during their exile to babylon and the second time began with the destruction of the temple in 70 AD and it continues on until this day the time is near when the temple is going to be rebuilt in Jerusalem and on the Temple Mount that is today occupied by a Muslim mosque and a shrine and the menorah will once again burn up there but the only reason for believers to hope for this incredible event to happen is because it means that the return of Christ will be literally weeks and months away as will the end of the world as we know it well reopen your Bibles we're just gonna read five verses in Exodus chapter 28 Exodus chapter 28 we're gonna read the first five verses of that chapter if you have a complete Jewish Bible its page 91 you are to summon your brother Aaron and his sons to come from among the people of Israel to you so they could serve me as Kohanim as priests Aaron and his sons Nadab Abihu Eleazar and Ithamar you are to make for your brother Aaron garments set apart for serving God expressing dignity and splendor speak to all the craftsmen to whom I have given the spirit of wisdom and have them make Aaron's garments to set him apart for me so that he can serve me in the office of : of priests meaning high priest the garments they are to make are these a breastplate a ritual vest a robe a checkered tunic a turban and a sash they are to make holy garments for your brother Aaron and his sons so that he can serve me in the office of priests the heir to use gold blue purple and scarlet yarn and fine linen well after much preparation Jehovah God makes the somewhat anticlimactic pronouncement that Aaron and his sons Nadab Abihu Eleazar and Ithamar have been chosen and set apart to be Kohanim be priests at the same time God instructs Moses that special garments are to be made for these priests which sets them apart from all other Israelites now we're told in verse 2 that Aaron's clothing in light of his exalted position as the first high priest there to be more than special there to reflect as far as as possible God's own glory and dignity and splendor special clothing used for the priestly sec was nothing new to the various Middle Eastern cultures but it was new for Israel because up to this point in their history by now the Lion of Israel Jacob was about 6 centuries old they had no official priests whatever their worship had been up until the Exodus and Mount Sinai it must have been very simple personal and frankly not very focused the Hebrews were subjected to Egypt's gods Egypt's religious system for most of their history as a people therefore they adopted somewhat subconsciously I suppose the general understanding of how gods and religion worked that is the Gyptian religious system became the lens through which Israel viewed the spirit world so it's no wonder that Yahweh was so precise so definite so uncompromising is his instructions to Israel of just what true worship was to consist of and what it was not to consist of of what true justice is and it is not who God is that he is one and that each people our nation did not have their own real and actual God dedicated just to them and it took many years after Mount Sinai for Israel to get all of this reasonably straight in their minds and still all throughout his right on up to Christ Israel had Grievous lapses into idolatry well now that you home a has designated that part of Israel the tribes of levy that was to be set aside for service to his priests God left little detail of worship and service to be decided by men even right down to what the priests were to wear now I want to be clear these garments were to be worn only during the Levites time of service in the tabernacle when they were not on duty they wore what everybody else wore now we're gonna look primarily with the high priests wore because his garments were incredibly full of teaching and symbolism and because all throughout the Old and New Testaments we will hear of certain pieces of his uniform each of which carried a definite meaning I want to tell you right up front that the high priests garments were marvelously prophetic as well before we do that though let's just have a general understanding of what their regular Levite priests wore it was a simple white linen outfit it consisted of a tunic a turban that it's called a mitre a belt like assembly called a girdle and breeches which are pants that kind of served like underwear white symbolizes righteous impurity and next week we will look at what the high priest was assigned to wear and everything that it meant [Music] you

Channel: Torah Class

Views: 5,496

Rating: 4.858407 out of 5

Keywords: Egypt, Old Testament, Exodus, Tom Bradford, Torah, Seed of Abraham, Israel, Commandments, Moses, Torah Class, Bible Study

Id: Roj7NZinTUc

Length: 47min 36sec (2856 seconds)

Published: Thu Sep 20 2018