Basic First Aid Training UK (Updated 2021)

hello and welcome my name is Michelle I'm going to take you through some basic first aid videos on behalf of get licensed so my background is based primarily in leisure I have been a first aider for about 20 years and I have been a lifeguard trainer assessor and first-aid trainer and Assessor for about 10 years I've had lots of experience dealing with first aids lots of different spinal injuries bleeds breaks pretty much anything you can imagine I've come across and I'm hoping that I'm gonna be able to help you feel more confident about dealing with any of those types of things if you ever come across them so for out these basic first-aid videos I'm going to be taking you through the syllabus of an emergency first at work course plus a few more advanced topics from first day at work as well though the sort of subjects we're going to be covering is your primary survey CPR choking epilepsy burns amongst a few others as well I hope you enjoy them so what is first aid first aid is the initial assistance that it's given to somebody that is injured or has to become unwell until further medical assistance arrives so if that is you you need to make sure that first and foremost that you are not in any danger you are the most important person and make sure that there's no further danger to the casualty as well there are some priorities of first day that I'm going to talk you through the first one is preserve life so ultimately that is what we're trying to achieve so we don't want anyone to to die and so if we're going to get an AED and use that do CPR you see that's all going to help preserve life as well as holding the ambulance the second one is to alleviate any suffering so anything we can do to do that there maybe just lying somebody down sitting them down and just comforting them maybe applying an ice pack or cold water if they've burned themselves anything like that that can alleviate suffering the next one is to prevent it from getting any worse so that might be apply by applying direct pressure to an open wound it might be again sitting them down and down and raising their legs before they fall down if they're feeling faint or anything like that and the last one is to promote recovery so to promote recovery that might be in the madryn if they are low and blood sugar levels it might be getting them to the hospital as quickly as possible okay so they're your priorities the first aid preserve life alleviate suffering prevent the situation from getting any worse and promote recovery so let's have a little look at what you'll find in the first-aid kit there is a minimum recommendation of what to have in here so you'll find a guidance leaflet you'll find some plasters you should have some gloves in there which is very important for your hygiene should always wear gloves when doing any type of first aid even if there's not any visual bodily fluids you should have them on just in case you've also got triangular bandages which can be used for quite a few things actually but slings is one of the main ones you may have some ice packs but usually that is an additional equipment that is added in after looking at risk assessment also scissors might be an added requirement and you have different shapes and size pan de jiz they medium large small you also have some eye bandages in case anyone has an eye injury and you may have some adhesive tape as well to help apply any dressings okay so this is some of what you'll find in your first-aid kit if you do find yourself having to do any type of first-aid like I've said hygiene is really important so wearing your gloves but also washing your hands before hand and also afterwards thinking about any cuts that you may have on your hands or up your arm making sure that they are fully covered also if you have a cold or anything like that if you're coughing and sneezing a lot and perhaps try and get somebody else to do that first aid for that day or just make sure you don't cough or sneeze over an open wound and just keep yourself and the casualty safe okay so I'm gonna take you through your primary survey now which is basically looking for anything life-threatening and dealing with that with your casualty so front your primary survey we're going to look at an acronym called doctors ABC which hopefully will help you remember this a little bit easier so Dee is checking for danger so first and foremost any danger for yourself you are the most important person and so we don't need to get injured plus if you get injured then you obviously can't help the person that needed your help to begin with so have a look around for anything that could end you just general objects that could get in your way whilst in them with the casualty any gasps glass fire wire anything more serious remove them and only when it's safe to do so approach your casualty okay so we've removed any dangers we now want to check for response so you've got your doctor we're on your are so response is there any response from your casualty are they alert do they respond to any voice prompts if they're not alert so hello can you hear me can you open your eyes anything like that they don't respond to that do they respond to a tap on the shoulders they don't respond to that then we would deem them unresponsive if you are on your own at this point you know you're not gonna want to deal with that on your own so just shout for help and then move on to check in the airway okay so doctors a so airway and what we mean by airway is open in the airway so we're going to use a head tilt chin lift which I'm going to show you on somebody in a moment okay and by doing that could actually save a life already where the muscles will relax when somebody's laying on their back the tongue will relax on the potentially on the back of their throat and could block the airway so just by doing a head tilt chin lift we could have already saved their life whilst you've done a head tilt chin there so we've opened the airway were then going to check for breathing okay and we're gonna do that for ten seconds we're gonna be looking at the chest rise and fall in and we're going to be listening and feeling for breath or now cheek as well so we're going to get nice and place to the casualty if we find that they are breathing normally then we will have a look for any obvious signs of any injuries and deal with those and then place them into what we call the recovery position which is to maintain an open airway which I'm now going to show you so I'm going to show you practically now how to do your primary survey okay so I've checked for danger there's nothing around that looks like it's going to cause me or my casualty any harm so now I'm going to check for response I'm gonna talk into both ears just in cases any hearing impairment at all in one of the ears hello can you hear me can you open your eyes if that doesn't work it will tap or shake on the shoulder okay there's no response so like I said earlier if you're on your own at this point shout for some help can have some help now we're gonna open the airway using a head tilt chin this the one hand on the forehead tipping's underneath the chin lift and lift the chin and tilt the head back so I've opened the airway I'm now gonna check for breathe in so I'm looking for the rise and fall of the chest and I'm listening for breathing and I'm feeling for the breath on my cheek as well so here's breathing normally okay so if I have any help at this point I'm gonna ask them to just stand by and I will shortly be arson for a first aid kit and an ambulance as well if he hasn't come to so I'm gonna place them in a recovery position now so I mentioned this earlier and this is just a safe position to maintain an open airway if I leave him on his back the tongue might relax on the back of the throat which could cause him to not be able to breathe and also he could be sick and he could choke on on the vomit okay so first of all for your recovery position what we're gonna do is place the arm closest to us up out of the way and just wherever that falls naturally don't try and force it down just as though it's out the way so when we I'm gonna bring him towards me in a moment I don't in to squash his arm lean over and grab the far arm and I'm gonna link fingers with the casualty and I'm gonna place his hand against his cheek and I'm gonna continue to hold the hand there you might have to shuffle down a little bit what you're going to do now is grab the outside of the leg that's farthest away from you and you're gonna lift that as high as you possibly can so the foot is as close to the bottom as possible that is now your lever so any size casualty should be able to turn any size casualty okay so I'm going to push down quite firm to bring the casualty over and just take that fit off of his leg there and then I'm gonna slowly just take my hand away and most importantly I'm going to make sure that airway is open okay so if he's like this yeah we're a shot that's all I'm doing it's just lifting the chin up slightly to make sure the airway is open a couple of other things to think about before you turn your casualty is do they have anything in their pockets if they do consider turn them to the side that they don't have anything in or maybe take it out but just be careful and place that by the casualties head also if your casualties wearing glasses you may want to take those off because they might be uncomfortable for them but again just make sure they by the casualty care so if they do start to come too we can quickly get them back on for them also if you have a lady that's quite heavily pregnant then lay them towards the left side that is safer for the lady and the baby okay so I'm now gonna ask my helper to go and call 999 because I have a adult casualty that is breathing normally but is unresponsive and has been for a good couple of minutes so we've looked at our primary survey assessing for anything life-threatening I'm just going to talk a little bit about a secondary survey so that's something that you might do for a conscious casualty or it could be an unconscious casualty as well so your secondary survey consists of looking at your history signs and symptoms so the history might be the history of the casualty so perhaps any medical conditions that they've had that could link to why they're a casualty at the moment it could be any medication that they're on or literally the history leading up to what just happened so any physical activity or an accident of some kind that they've just had then we're gonna look at the signs so what can you visualize II can you see that the casualty is perhaps sweaty do they look pale flushed in appearance do they have any cuts or any obvious deformity or broken bones and that can all help piece together what you are dealing with you've then got symptoms so that's something that the casualty can tell you so it's really important that you listen to your casualty if they're able to speak to you so they may tell you that they feel sick that they feel hot they feel cold in anything any information they can give you can help determine how to treat them for this video I'm going to show you how to deal with an adult that is not breathing okay so we're gonna go back to our primary survey that we looked at earlier to start with so check for danger check for response hello can you hear me can you open your eyes there's no response if you don't have any help at this point then shout for some help open the airway head-tilt chin-lift and check for breathing for 10 seconds look at the chest rise and fall in and listening and fear in for breathing what we're looking for here is for normal breathing okay so anything other than normal breathing we would start CPR there's something called agonal gasps which are kind of like the last breaths that may sound a little like this okay that's not normal breathing that's not what any of us doing right now so anything other than normal breathing or you're not sure start CPR okay so my casualty is not breathing I'm going to ask my help is going get an ambulance and get a D fit as quickly as I can and I'm gonna start CPR so we're just going to try and buy some time for them by pumping on the chest and doing the breaths if you feel confident to do so okay there might be a reason why you might not want to do the breaths if there's any blood or sick or anything like that and that's fine just wait until there's a pocket mask or just do continuous chest compressions okay so I've checked for breathing I've sent off for an ambulance and defib I'm now gonna start CPR so I'm going to place my ham right in the center of the chest right on the breastbone so ahead of my hands right in the center the other hand is going to come over on a little link fingers and I'm just going to try and put pressure right on the breastbone not on any of this part of the chest a couple of pointers to make the compressions a little bit easier for yourself also the most effective for your casualty make sure that you place yourself as close to your casualty as possible when you're placing your hand make sure it is the head of your hand right in the center of the chest a couple of centimeters above the bottom of the breastbone our hands going to come over and link fingers you're going to bring your shoulders in line the rest of your arm okay so you're above your casualty look your elbows and then just come straight down on the chest make sure you've fully released on the chest when you're doing your compressions but don't come off the chest we don't want to be bouncing so I'm going to push down five to six centimeters so that's 30 compressions and that's at a rate of about two per second so between 100 to 120 per minute after those 30 compressions without delay we need to do some breaths so head-tilt chin-lift again but this time we need to pinch the nose to get a good seal because we're going to blow in the mouth so put your mouth around theirs do one breath come away take a breath yourself and then do a second breath as you can see the chest is rising if you're not sure if the chest is rose or if you think it was unsuccessful just try those two attempts and make sure you've got a good seal and a head-tilt chin-lift is applied don't continue to keep putting those breaths in to make up once a miss because you could be there all day if there's a blockage or something else wrong after those two breaths straight back into your thirty compressions and then your two breaths and you can continue to do that at a rate of 30 compressions to 2 breaths until you're a Edie comes or the ambulance come the only reason you stop CPR is if you were really exhausted and there's no one else that could take over you would have to stop if the casualty was to come - which obviously we would hope would be the case or if the paramedics tow to stop when they do arrive ok so remember to check for danger check for response make sure you've got some help open the airway check for breathing if they're not breathing after an ambulance and a d5 to come back to you as quickly as possible and start CPR by doing 30 compressions depth of 5 to 6 centimeters and a rate of 100 220 per minute and then your two rescue breaths followed by your 30 compressions to two rescue breaths and just continue that ok so when you're doing CPR there may be a couple of problems that might arise and so just so that you're prepared for them I'll let you know one of them is possibility of breaking a rib okay if you do break a rib please try not to Rory is at the bottom of our priorities breathing is first just make sure your hands are right in the center of the chest and continue to do what you're doing at the correct depth don't change the depth of your compressions okay another couple of things that might happen is the casualty might be sick don't worry about that just turn your casualty away from you allow them to be sick drain away come back check for breathing and then carry on CPR if they're still not breathe in it so earlier I asked for an AED when I had a number even casualty and AED is an automated external defibrillator it's a really clever piece of kit and it can increase the casualties chance to survival anywhere up to around 75 percent if it's got to them within the first couple of minutes so what this piece of kit will actually do is analyze the casualties heart rhythm and determine whether there's a shockable rhythm it will try and shock the heart in order to stop the heart to bring it back to its normal be normal rhythm okay so I'm just going to open this up and let you see what's in here it's a really safe piece of kit it can't harm you so nothing to worry about so what you're going to find is potentially a pocket mask towel razor and scissors and the pads that we're going to apply onto the chest later which I'll explain so the scissors might be needed if we need to cut off any cloven so the pads I'll show you now these ones need to go directly onto fair-skinned okay so it might need to cut clothing off the razor is used if the chest is particularly hairy and the areas where we're going to place the pads so we just need to have a quick shave of those areas and to ensure the pads are gonna stick properly pocket mask should be used any time when you're doing mouth-to-mouth so as soon as you have one use them and I'll open this up later on the casualty and show you and the towel is going to be used if we need to dry the areas off again where the pads need to go just so we can get good contact to the skin if we don't have a good contact to the skin and when it does shock it won't transfer through the heart as we need it to or it won't be as effective okay so the deeper that I'm showing you here is quite a lot smaller than the real defib but it does act em and explain things just as the real one would okay so what I'm going to do now is I'm going to show you on a adult manikin how to use the AED okay so I'm going to show you how to use the AED now so I've got my casualty that's not breathing so I've done my primary serve I have checked for danger check for response open the airway and check for breathing establish that the casualty is not breathing normally so I've asked when it's going get an ambulance and bring an AED back for me as quickly as they can whilst they're off doing that I'm gonna buy the buy the casualty sometime by doing my 30 compressions to 2 breaths and continuing that cycle of 30 to 2 as soon as the AED comes back I'm going to stop what I'm doing on the casualty and I'm gonna open up the defib ok cuz this is going to give them the best chance of survival so if there's anything to the chest I need to prepare so drying off or taking off any clothes so using the scissors or using the razor if the chest is particularly hairy then I'm going prep all of that make sure I turn the AED on and listen to the instructions so on the pads it does have pictures diagrams of exactly where they need to go apply pads plug in connector just do that one at a time pad plug in connector shock advised charging patient no one touch the patient begin CPR so as soon as the AED tells you to continue CPR do so without delay as you can hear some of them have a metronome so it instructs you went to beep but you're still doing your 30 compressions to two rescue breaths you'll continue to do that for around two minutes whilst a deep it recharges and then analyzes the heart rhythm again and it lets you know whether it's going to shock or not then it instructs you whether to continue CPR the only reason you're going to stop is if the casualty shows definite signs of life or the paramedics ask you to or you're physically exhausted now obviously if you did have somebody else with you and you don't have to be trained to use an AED although it does obviously give you a lot more confidence if you did have someone else get them to do that why should you continue to do compressions and breaths and they can work around you with the defib if you have a casualty that's not breathing and obviously you need to do mouth-to-mouth then using a pocket mask is the best thing to do mouth-to-mouth where it just protects you if they are sick or if they have swallowed anything that is potentially poisonous that could and get into your system okay so you're going to open it up there is a little attachment that comes with it that I'm going to show you in a moment and you just need to push this bit out so it looks like this there is the word nose here so it tells you exactly where you need to place it so nice to come over the mouth or nose make like a little little diamond shape with your fingers and push down on the casualties face then going to still apply a chin lift and tilt the head back and then I should just be able to apply the same amount of pressure with regards to the breath when I'm doing the breaths okay now if you do have an attachment like I showed you earlier they don't always have them because they are any one use and then do use it just gives you another filter so a little bit of added protection just pop that on and then just use it normally like I've just shown you okay if you do have a smaller child or a baby and you want to use a pocket mask then you may want to consider just turning it upside down because their face is a lot smaller and it does fit on a little bit better that way but otherwise for an adult if you find yourself an emergency situation where you have a casualty that is not breathing there's something called the chain of survival which is absolutely key to giving somebody the best chance of survival in living so the chain of survival consists of four links so the first one is early recognition and call for help okay so if you find someone that's not breathing we need to establish that they are not breathing and it's not normal breathing recognize that and call for help so call for an ambulance and get an AED as quickly as possible the second thing is early CPR so apply in CPR your 30 compressions to two rescue breaths as quickly as possible and that will buy your casualty some time whilst the deep abandoned ambulance is on its way the third link is early AED so automated external defibrillator so as soon as that is available get that applied to the casualty and use it as directed to do so by the AED unit the AED unit can increase chance of eivol anywhere up to about 75 percent if it's got to them in the first minute or two of collapsing and that will decrease by about 10 percent every minute is delayed after that time the full flink in the chain of survival is post early post-resuscitation care so basically making sure that they can get to hospital get that medication and equipment specialized medical equipment and they need as early as possible so I'm going to show you how to deal with a child that is not breathing okay so it's similar in the respect to the primary survey that we've done for the adult casualty earlier but there are some differences in the process of CPR mainly because the reason that they are potentially not breathing is more of a respiratory issue whereas with an adult casualty it's more of a heart problem and that we're dealing with okay so you're going to check for danger so again first and foremost for yourself but then also for your casualty and remove any danger or if you can't then wait until someone can assist you if there isn't any danger then we're gonna check for response hello can you hear me can you open your eyes okay there's no response if you're on your own then shout for some help open the airway head-tilt chin-lift but just not as far back as you would on an adult casualty and then get nice and close to the face and check for breathing for ten seconds so we're looking for the chest rise and fall in and we're listening and feeling for breath on our cheek okay so the casualty is not breathing so I'm gonna ask somebody to go and get me an ambulance and addy fever and come back as quickly as they can and I'm gonna start CPR it's like I said because this is a respiratory issue we're going to start off with giving them some much-needed rescue breaths so head-tilt chin-lift pinch the nose get a nice seal and we're going to put five rescue breaths in the mouth we're just going to use one hand game right in the center of the chest on the breastbone and we're going to apply pressure three to four centimeters around a third of the chest step I'm going to do that thirty times then we're going to do two rescue breaths and then back to thirty compressions so five initial rescue breaths if they don't come round after those five initial rate rescue breaths we're going to very quickly go into our thirty compressions two rescue breaths and then continue that cycle of 30 to two until the defib comes and all the ambulance arrives so I'm going to show you how to deal with a baby that is not breathing now which is probably one of the most scariest things people can think of when we're dealing with a first phase situation hopefully I can put your mind at ease a little bit and just remember if no one else knows what they're doing anything that you can do is better than nothing in this type of situation okay so we're going to check for danger there isn't any danger so I'm gonna check for response check for response on the baby you can still try and talk to them see if they can respond to noise maybe clap close to their face blow in their face see if there's a reaction little squeeze tickle on the feet or hands okay so there's no response so again if you're on your own make sure you've got some help and I'm going to open the airway when you're opening the airway for a baby need to be very careful and don't tilt the head all the way back just in a neutral position and I'm going to check for breathe in for ten seconds okay so the baby isn't breathing normally so I'm going to ask for an ambulance and a defib and I'm gonna start CPR so again with a baby we suspect it's a respiratory issue so we're going to start with five rescue breaths and because the baby's features are so small we're going to place our mouth over the mouth and the nose when it comes to doing the 30 compressions and you use two fingers right in the center of the chest and we're going to put a third of the chest step after your 30 compressions two rescue breaths and back to your 30 compressions okay so for a baby that's not breathing check for danger check for response make sure you've got some help open your airway check for breathing for 10 seconds and then start by giving five initial rescue breaths by placing your mouth over the mouth and the nose and then do your 30 compressions with two fingers and then two rescue breaths back to 30 compressions and two rescue breaths and keep doing that cycle until your d5 arrives okay so hopefully if a baby or a child has stopped breathing you do in your initial five rescue breaths along with CPR will hopefully bring them round but in the event that they don't we have asked for a defib so when it comes to us we're going to apply the deep end but it is a little bit different than what we saw on the adult earlier okay so you'd usually have pediatric pads with your defib or you may have the ability to be able to change the amount of jaws it is going to go through that the casualties the amount of energy all right for a pediatric pads that is for under the age of eight and obviously from eight and above we would use that for the adult pads so you would do exactly the same as you did before so turn the defib on and apply the pads as instructed to do so but as you can see from here we are going to place them in a slightly different area so it tells us to put one on the back and again they can't have any clothes on needs to be bare skin so one in the center of the back in between the shoulder blades we're basically going to sandwich the min so then one in the center on the chest as well okay and that be exactly the same on the baby so one on the front and one on the back but obviously with no clothes on alright guys I'm going to show you what to do if you suspect that somebody is choking so we're gonna look at an adult casualty to start with so if you suspect someone is choking perhaps you've seen them eat something and then start to panic maybe they're clutching at their throat maybe they're changing color maybe initially red to start with and then signs of cyanosis so blueness at the lips what we're going to do first if we suspect they're choking we're going to ask are you choking are you choking is not a disease choking okay so the next thing we're gonna do if he is able to cough we're just going to encourage coughing so just keep coughing see it kick off in right on kick off in so as soon as the coughing becomes ineffective you're gonna have to take physical action so we're going to our casualty to lean forward and we're gonna support them across the chest and hold on to the shoulder and we're going to apply some back blows so we're gonna blade and we're gonna do one back blow and we're gonna come and check to see if they are managing to catch their breath or if an object is falling out if it hasn't we're gonna do a second back below check again a third if it's not successful check again still hasn't worked full fat fly check again and a fifth back blow again okay if that hasn't worked we're gonna have to try something different so we're gonna try something called abdominal thrusts you may have heard it called the Heimlich maneuver so we're gonna place our hand you're gonna find the belly button and the bottom of the breastbone on the casualty and make meet your way into the middle place a fist in that point and place your other hand over the top what we're going to do is push in and up in one action into the diaphragm and hopefully that will release the object one check two three check for come out five okay if it still hasn't come out at that point we are going to class that as one cycle so up to five back blows and five of dominant thrusts so if after one cycle it hasn't come out off somebody's calling ambulance if they haven't already and then we're going to continue that cycle so we're gonna do one check two check three four five checking after each one if that's not successful back to abdominal thrusts again up to five checking after each one it's important that you do check it might not be obvious it's come out straight away there maybe catching their breath and not be able to tell you and so the last thing they're gonna want is more smacks on the back or abdominal thrusts because it can cause quite a bit of internal damage and so do you make sure you'll check in okay so if the item does come out then brilliant but we're still gonna get them to go to hospital to get checked out just in case as I say they have done any internal damage or if the ambulance is on its way already and they can check them out when they get here if it doesn't come out it won't be long until they did collapse so if they do collapse to the floor we are going to start doing CPR so we don't need to check for breathing we know they're not breathing because they've been choking and they've collapsed for that reason so we're just going to go straight into thirty compressions to two rescue breaths checking the mouth before each rescue breath just to see if there's any obvious signs of any food or whatever it is they may have choked on which we can easily remove and then continue our rescue breaths I'm going to show you how to deal with a child that is choking if you suspect a child is choked and that might be due to the fact that they have just been eaten and now they looked quite panicked it may be that they're changing color in the face maybe initially going quite red and then losing color and maybe going a little bit blue in the lips alright so what we're gonna do is we're gonna ask are they choking and just establish that they are choking so we don't unnecessarily do a procedure that could hurt them for no reason okay so are you taking tells me gives me the naughties a strike in okay so what I'm gonna do is I'm gonna lean him as far forward as I can let gravity help as much as I can and obviously depending on the size of the child will allow you to do it a lot more if they're smaller so lean them over and we're going to do back blows so right in the middle of the shoulder blades and use the heel of my hand so one and check to check see if it's come out three four check five so I'm going to do that five times okay it hasn't been successful so I'm going to try something else now I'm going to try abdominal thrusts so I'm going to find the belly button in the bottom the breast bone and meet in the middle make a fist I'm gonna bring my other hand over the top and I'm going to come in and up into the diaphragms hopefully release the object so one two three check for still not successful five check okay still not successful so we're gonna class that as one cycle so up to five back blows and up to five abdominal Frost is one cycle it's not successful after that send somebody's going get in ambulance and we're gonna repeat that cycle again so up to five back blows checking after each one and then back to abdominal Frost if that is unsuccessful okay and just keep repeating that process you're probably not gonna be able to repeat it too many more times before the child does actually collapse so if they do collapse what we're going to do is go straight into CPR and unlike normal CPR we're actually going to start with 30 compressions for the child just because we know at this point that the breasts aren't going to go get in even though they do desperately need those breaths so we're going to do 30 compressions after your 30 compressions we're going to have a look in the mouth if there's anything that we can release and then open the airway and do two rescue breaths if one or both of them don't go in don't Rory go back to your 30 compressions and then try again next time hopefully now the muscles are all relaxed the object might have moved on its own or perhaps even by us doing the compressions it has managed to move so we're going to continue to do that until our ambulance arrives and we need to make sure that we've also asked for a defib so like any choking situation is time critical if you've got a baby a suspected choke in what we need to do is get their head lower than the rest of their body as quickly as possible and hopefully gravity will help if that doesn't help on it so we're going to have to do some back blows okay so we're going to apply five back blows right in the center sorry in between the shoulder blades I'm gonna check make sure you support the head and neck two three four five okay that hasn't worked we're gonna turn the baby up and again get the head as low as possible and we're going to do chest thrusts so we're going to power fingers one level below the fräulein I'm gonna do one chest Ross check them out to check them out three check again for five if that's not so been successful that is one cycle if someone hasn't already make sure that they've called the ambulance and they've got a D fib I'm going to turn the baby back over again and apply the back blows again up to five checking after each one and then back to your chest thrusts checking after each one now hopefully that will work if it doesn't the baby stops breathing so they probably go very floppy so all the arms and legs will flop and they would have lost color in their face and maybe have blue tinges in the lips we're going to place them on a hard surface and we're going to start CPR we're going to start with 30 compressions just because there's no point in doing the breast at this stage because we know it's not going to go in because they've got a blockage say 30 compressions and just before I did the two rescue breaths I'm gonna have a little look in the mouth if there's anything that's visible and easy to reach I'm going to take that out and then do the two rescue breaths if one or even both of them aren't successful I don't attempt to do them again I'm going to go straight back to my compressions and hopefully now the body's starting to relax all the muscles are relaxing that object will move or even by me doing the compressions it will move and the breast will eventually be successful so we're going to keep doing that at a rate of 30 compressions to 2 breaths until that ambulance and defib comes and we're told that the ambulance is going to take over we look at two different types of seizures on the emergency first day at work course the first is tonic clonic seizure and the second is a focal seizure so a tonic-clonic seizure is probably the first type of seizure that comes to mind that you've seen in movies and so it's when somebody falls to the floor and has involuntary muscle movements there's some quite erratic movement and it can be quite scary to witness you may also see somebody showing arching of the back and also maybe soiling themselves eyes rolling back maybe stopping breathing for a period of time and also maybe some blood at the mouth as well where perhaps a bit in their tongue so if you experience someone having a seizure what you're going to do as a first aider is make sure there's no dangers around especially to the casualty as well with regards to anything that they could potentially wrap their arm into or their legs into and also we want to tip their head so by placing something soft underneath it okay so you've checked for danger and then from that point if they're still having their seizure we're going to time the seizure reasonably time the seizure if it goes on for any longer than five minutes that can be quite dangerous for the casualty so we need to make sure there's an ambulance on its way okay so we've time in the seizure as soon as they've relaxed and all their muscles of relax and it's safe for us to do so we're going to approach the casualty and we are going to continue our primary survey so we've already checked for danger I'm going to check for response and then check for breathing so epilepsy is just one reason why somebody might have a seizure there are multiple others and one of the other ones is a cardiac arrest so that's why it's so important that we check for even as quickly as possible if they are breathing then we need to place them into the recovery position to make sure we can maintain an open airway and we need to make sure an ambulance is on its way if it is longer than five minutes that they're in their seizure if they don't come around and then have another seizure or if we know it's their first seizure or we're just not sure we may not know this person and they've had a seizure call an ambulance the second type that I mentioned earlier is a focal seizure so this is where somebody may just be staring into space so an absence seizure it may also include lip smacking plucking at clothes twitching and just just random movements may be wandering around so this can also be very dangerous for a casualty especially if they're in an environment maybe where there's traffic or anything like that so we need to just try and get them sat down if possible in a safe space don't try and snap them out of it just let them have their seizure and again time it gets longer than five minutes call an ambulance if you don't know that they've ever had a seizure before call an ambulance okay and just be really reassuring when when they wake up and remind them where they are okay so some more don'ts when it comes to seizures don't ever try and wake them out of it so snap them out of it by trying to scare them or anything like that when they're having a tonic-clonic seizure so they're on the floor having their involuntary muscle movements don't try and restrain them in any way because that could cause more damage and and also to yourself as well someone's gonna be especially strong when they're in that state so just take a step back and allow the seizure to happen okay so it appears that this gentleman is having a seizure and mr. muriatic involuntary muscle movements and you may also see that they have soiled themselves maybe they're foaming at the mouth or perhaps even there's blood from where they've bitten their tongue and may even stop breathing for a period of time so it can be quite scary to witness and make sure there's no danger if there is anything potentially that could harm the casualty and move that out of the way so they don't knock their head or their arms or their legs or any part of their body if you have a cardigan a jumper a pillow of any kind just try and place it underneath their head to protect them from hitting the floor if they're on hard floor in just don't put your hands underneath because you could get broken fingers they're gonna be very strong make sure you just stay well back whilst they're having their seizure and time Missy Jie if it's only longer than five minutes and we need to call an ambulance if we don't believe they've ever had a seizure before then we need to call an ambulance and if they injure themselves we need to call an ambulance as soon as they've stopped having their seizure it is important important to check for breathing as quickly as possible so other causes of seizures may even be a cardiac arrest so we need to open the airway and check for breathing this gentleman is breathing so I'm gonna ask for an ambulance color don't know if he's had if he's got epilepsy or what's happening with this casualty so I'm gonna call for an ambulance and place him in the recovery position when I use Michelle my first aid I'm just gonna put you in a more comfortable position so keep talking to them the hearing is the last minutes to go in the first come back so even though they may not be out I want you they may still bout to hear you and just keep reassuring them and checking back on their breathing from this position okay so in this emergency first edit work course we're gonna look at three different types of burn so we've got our superficial burn our partial thickness and our full thickness burn so if there's a superficial burn you're gonna see and redness and just the top layer of the skin that's been affected it's gonna be quite painful and quite sore to touch what we're going to do for that superficial burn is run it under cool water so cool running water for a minimum of ten minutes we may have to send this cartridge to the hospital that dependant on a couple of things so if it is due to a chemical burn then they would need to go to us but all but also if it covers more than five percent of their body so how do we know if it's more than five percent of their body one percent would be the casualties palm of their hand so if it covers more than five palms of their hand then they would need to go to hospital for a partial thickness burn you might see some blistering and some breaking of the skin if you see that again run it under cool water for a minimum of ten minutes and then look at applying some non adhesive dress in something this sterile if you've got some clean film or something like that then that's brilliant just tear off the first couple of sheets and then just apply that over the wound and just give it a little scrunch at the bottom don't do it too tight don't wrap it around the wound for a partial thickness burn if it's more than 1% of the casualties body's just one palm of their hand then they would need to go to hospital or if you're worried about any infection or you're not sure just get them to go to hospital to get it checked out make sure they're okay for a full thickness burn also this is going to be very serious it might look quite charcoaled there might be some waxy deposits and also it might have severed the nerves so they may not have any feeling of any type of pain we may need to treat the shock in this case and you may need to carry out some basic life support so CPR if they wants to stop breathing or go into shock so for a full thickness burn again run it under cool water for a minimum of ten minutes and even apply some dressing and call for an ambulance as quickly as possible okay so in this example we've got a superficial burn so as you can see there is redness it's very sore for him and it's very painful to touch so what we're going to do is quickly as possible is get him to some cool running water it's important that it's just cool and not too cold we don't want to cause hypothermia if we can't get him to a tap we can bring the water to him okay I'm just gonna pour the water on your hand now what we need to do is do this for a minimum of ten minutes so if you've had to bring water to them you'll need someone to keep supplying you with some more water make sure your casualties for them okay and if they need to sit down get them get them to sit down while you do this after ten minutes we are gonna have a look at the wound if there is any blister and appear and anything like that then we may need to get them to go to hospital if we are rid of any infection we can cover it with a sterile dressing something like clean film it's brilliant just tear off the first roll and then use the sheet after that so that it is sterile and just place some clean film over the top and just scrunch it at the bottom don't do it airtight but we can still then see the wound and we can still run the water over and see what's happening with that if it is just a little superficial burn like this and they shouldn't need to go to hospital but as I say if we are any worries about infection then we would do having a look at some more minor injuries now if somebody gets a foreign body stuck in their ear in their nose or if they were to swallow something that could potentially be harmful so I'm gonna tell you what to do there so if someone gets something stuck in their ear or their nose and it's really lodged in there we shouldn't attempt to try and pull it out or get them to force it out by blowing from their nostrils and we should just leave it in there and and advise them to go to their GP or to their a and E to get it removed because we could do some quite bad damage to the ear and the nostrils if someone has swallowed something that is potentially harmful some may be you know a toy or something like that it's a younger person or there's been something can someone's food that they're not aware of and they've swallowed some plastic or something like that and depending on what it is will depend on whether they need to go to hospital something like plastic there's ten she's got sharp edges or a toy that's got sharp edges or in a personal case I own where I actually has some glass in my food obviously glass can do a lot of damage to your inside also then we would definitely advise for them to go to hospital um or just call the non-emergency number so you can call one-on-one and get them to see if they had advisors great or not or whether they advise just to allow it to naturally pass through the system if you have to deal with someone that has a serious bleed is important that we stop the bleeding as quickly as possible so what we would do is ask the casualty to apply direct pressure over the wound so if you can just do that for me and apply direct pressure over the wind push nice and firmly what I would then do is ask the casualty to sit down in case I feel faint before they fall down what I'm going to do is get my first aid kit make sure I've got my gloves on and apply a bandage and then look at treatment for shock as well if the blood loss is quite severe okay so I've got my casualties to the floor now he is bleeding quite profusely I just need to remind him to keep applying that direct pressure to try and slow the bleeding down somebody has got me a first-aid kit so I'm going to open up a large bandage so if you can just take your hand off for me just let me know if this feels too tight okay so you want the bandage to be nice and firm but you don't want it to cut off the circulation so just check back with your casualty okay so just make sure all of the bandage is completely covered so we can make sure that there's enough pressure bloods not going to continue to come out and no nothing can get in there to cause any kind of infection how you feeling okay so if you just lie down for me okay what I'm going to do is I'm going to treat the casualty for shock so he's looking a bit pale he is complaining a feeling of thirst he is cold to the touch he's got a rapid a weak heart rate and he's feeling dizzy so what I'm going to do is lay him down like here's and raise the legs you just help raise your legs it's great that comfortable okay so make sure you've called 999 as quickly as possible keep talking to your casualty and be ready to start basic life support if the bleeding does come through this bandage what we would do is apply a second bandage directly over this one if it was to come for a second bandage then we would remove them both and start the process again want to keep our casualty nice and warm we can't unfortunaly give them anything to eat drink or smoke just needs to keep a nice and calm and just keep an eye if he's deteriorating if this response levels of drop-in and just as I say be ready to start a CPR if required so I'm going to talk about three different types of heart conditions the first being angina where the blood supply to the heart has been restricted now most of the time someone would have been diagnosed with this so they may have some medication that they can take and quite a lot the time it's brought on by physical activity so usually once they've rested you see quite fast improvement or once they've taken the medications you see and then live improved quite quickly and if you're in doubt and medication or the medication isn't working then just call 999 the second heart condition is a heart attack so this is when the artery is completely blocked and so there is an area of the the muscle of the heart is completely restricted from blood flow so this can be life-threatening and it's critical that we deal with that as quickly as possible some of the signs and symptoms that you might see for that is someone complaining of chest pain or tightness around the chest they may say that their arm hurts usually the left one first it could also be the right arm it may also experience pain in the abdomen the back and the jaw they also may be experiencing nausea or actually being sick feeling dizzy they may be quite clammy and starting to look quite gray in color no two heart attacks are same and they can look quite different for each individual and they may not experience all of those so just be aware of all the different types of signs and symptoms and if in doubt just call an ambulance as quickly as possible okay so we suspect that this gentleman is having a heart attack so I need to ask for somebody to call an ambulance as quickly as possible and discreetly ask them to get an AED so we have one close by just in case this person stops breathing so ambulance on its way I'm going to try and keep them as calm as possible and I'm gonna see if they have any true aspirins so 150 to 300 milligrams of chewable aspirin and that can help thin the blood and slow the process down I'm gonna pay something what we call the W position so if you can just raise your knees put them together that's it and I will just support you from the back you can lean back a little yeah okay is that comfortable yeah so I'm just gonna keep it nice and calm if he has any tight clothing on around the neck or chest I'm going to loosen that off and keep him warm and just support him until the ambulance arrives the third is cardiac arrest so this is different to a heart attack and basically cardiac arrest is when the heart stops working so there is no blood flow around the body so if that happens you'll see them collapse to the floor maybe going quite grey to start with before collapsing and they will stop breathing so then of course we need to call an ambulance get a D and start CPR as quickly as possible okay so I'm going to take you through the signs symptoms and treatment for a straight now essentially a stroke is an attack on the brain where the blood supplies the brain is cut off so the quicker we act the better and the less damage is done for the casualty so we're going to use the fast test to detect stroke so the first test is face so it does their face look drooped or you know falling on one side and to test that we can ask them if they can smile and see if both sides can lift up and a is arm so ask them to raise their arms and if only one of them can then potentially and they are having a stroke the next one is s so speech so is their speech normal as its slurred is are they saying things don't really make sense or perhaps they can't speak at all if you see any of those then it's tea time to call 999 as quickly as possible okay so I'm going to show you how to do two different types of slings now the first I'm going to show you is I support sling so what you might use the support sling for is a injury to the lower arm so it may be a fracture maybe an injury to the shoulder or collarbone depending on what's most comfortable for the casualty so they can direct you with that okay so I'm just going to pop your arm like this they put up your sling brace things are going to start the same way with regards to the direction of the bandage so you've got a long part of the triangle and then you've got the point which is gonna go to the joint of the bad arm okay now for the support sling we're gonna start underneath the arm so the bandages on the chest and then we're gonna use this point to come across the body then I'm going to tie it up around the back of the casualties neck that's for comfortable then you can get a safety pin to use just to support this section here or just do a little twizzle and tuck it in like that now can you support you just rest yourself that's what okay well supported yep okay great so that is your support sling okay the second sling is the elevation sling so if we just put your arm up here okay so this might be for a bleed a sprain again may be an injury to the shoulder or claw bone it depends on how comfortable the cashmeres and they're usually will come to you in a position that is comfortable for them so the sling again the long bit down the good arm and the point to the joint of the bad arm just place it directly over the top this time I'm just going to tuck that bit under your little finger there and just support that there for me it doesn't fall down and I'm going to get its point at the bottom and sweep it underneath the arm and going to come round the back of the casualty it's going to tie up a little bit lower on the back this time rather than on the neck and I'm just again gonna do a little twiddle or you can use the safety pin if you have one they do come with most triangular bandages okay can that support your arm now it's that feel comfortable yep okay so that's it that sure two things so if you suspect a sprain or a strain the treatment for that is to rest the injury to apply ice to compress and to elevate the injury if you suspect a fracture if it's a closed fracture so the bone hasn't protruded through the skin then all you would do is immobilize and support in the position found lesser in any danger keep them where they are and make them as comfortable as possible and call 999 if is an open fracture obviously deal with any bleeding but only apply as much pressure as you need to and again just to mobilize and support and call 909 thanks for watching hope you've enjoyed it and you've learned some basic first aid skills if you'd like to be qualified in first aid please visit our website

Channel: Get Licensed

Views: 375,852

Rating: 4.9292746 out of 5

Keywords: first aid, first aid online training video, first aid online course, first aid online, virtual first aid training, free first aid course, free first aid training videos, first aid 2020 changes, first aid 2020, first aid 2020 free, free online courses, first aid at work, first aid at workplace, first aid at work training course, get licensed training, how to first aid, first aid kit, Child CPR, infant choking first aid video, first aid training, basic first aid training

Id: ErxKDbH-iiI

Length: 62min 56sec (3776 seconds)

Published: Thu May 07 2020