(relaxed music) - What's sewing on, friends? Wanna learn how to shirr? "Shirr" you do! I promise that is the
one and only shirring pun that I will make in this video. This is a quick tutorial
on how to shirr fabric. Shirring is a sewing technique in which you replace your
regular bobbin thread with elastic thread. You then sew in lines on top of woven, that's non-stretchy fabric, and the outcome is something
that looks like this, a puckered looking fabric that has a good deal of stretch to it. Whoa, whoa, whoa. One second there, Annika. I thought this was called smocking. Well, smocking can actually
look kinda similar to shirring but you can differentiate between the two because smocking is usually
done with hand stitches with embroidery thread and it's either applied
to a patterned fabric or the stitches are used to
create a pattern on the fabric. Shirring, however, is done
with a sewing machine. It creates a somewhat more stretchy fabric by using elastic in the bobbin and it's usually done in a
straight stitch in lines. So let's get into the how to and then afterwards, I'll
show you a little sneak peak of the next project that I'll be uploading in just a few days that uses shirring. To the tutorial. For demonstration purposes, I'll just be using this scrap
piece of cotton woven fabric that I've ironed flat. If it's your first time shirring, I highly recommend trying it
out on scrap pieces first. Many different types of
fabric can be shirred but light-weight cottons are probably the easiest type of fabric to shirr. The fabric I'm using is a little thicker, probably about quilting weight, but it'll still work
out if it is this thick. It might just require some adjusting of machine tensions and stitch length. Now, this may not be necessary
depending on your application but if at some stage you wish to hem the fabric piece
that you're shirring and the shirring is going
right out to the edges, you should hem it first, because once the fabric is
all elasticated and stretchy, it'll be really difficult to hem. I'm just going to put a
simple double folded hem on the top and bottom edges
of my piece of fabric. Now, it's time to draw some
guidelines on the fabric. The guidelines need to go on
the right side of the fabric. If you're using a material with lines or squares on it like gingham, then this a clever way to skip this step but if you don't have lines
already on your fabric, then at least for the first few times, I recommend drawing
some guidelines in chalk and then once you get the hang of it, you can use the guidelines on your machine or even the edge of your
presser foot as a guide or just eyeball it. I'm going to draw
guidelines on the right side of the fabric like this, each spaced 1/2 an inch, that's 1.25 centimeters if using metric, from each other. I'm using a water-erasable
chalk pencil to do this. Now, the fabric is prepared. It's time to wind the bobbin. Now, this is what creates
the shirred effect. Using elastic thread in the bobbin. Elastic thread comes
in all different sizes but for shirring light
to medium weight fabric, using an elastic that's one
millimeter wide works best. Keep in mind, that the
elastic will be visible on the wrong side of the fabric, so you will probably
want to use an elastic that is a similar color to your fabric, especially if working
with a semi-sheer fabric. The bobbin needs to be wound by hand. Now, if you've been spoiled with an automatic bobbin winder
on your machine like I have, then this can seem extremely tedious but it's important to wind it by hand because machines will
stretch it out too much. As you hand wind the bobbin, you need to make sure
you're not stretching the elastic thread at all so go slowly. Once your bobbin is full or however full you need it to be, cut the elastic thread. The bobbin in then placed
inside the bobbin case and then into your machine
in the exact same way that you would load your regular bobbins. Bobbin. It's a fun word to say. So I'm popping this bobbin into my front loading bobbin as usual. Then, it's usually a good idea to pull the elastic bobbin thread up out of the machine like you
normally would before sewing and pulling it a little
bit longer than usual. Now, shirring is usually
performed using a straight stitch. You can use other stitch
types to get different effects but that's beyond the
scope of this tutorial. Set your machine to a
regular straight stitch. Your stitch length will
probably need to be lengthened from the regular setting
that it's automatically on. I set my stitch length to four when the default stitch length is three and the upper thread
tension will most likely need to be adjusted as well. Depending on your machine, you might not need to adjust it but for my machine, I find that turning the tension from four which is the default, up to five makes the shirring work a lot better. On some machines, you might even have to turn the tension down. It's totally dependent on
the machine that you have and it'll change from machine to machine. Are you sure that Cher likes
to shirr and then share it? I couldn't help myself. I'm sorry for this. (test pattern beep) Okay, now we have all that set up, we can do the actual shirring. Woo hoo! I'm going to sew straight lines on the right side of my fabric like this. At the end of each row, I'm going to pivot and
go back up the next one without fastening off the stitches. You can fasten off your stitches at the end of each row with a backstitch and then cut it off, but it'll use more elastic
thread doing it this way and I'm all about being thrifty here. I'm also not going to sew
right up to the edges. I'll leave about half an inch
unsewn on both sides here. With the right side of
the fabric facing up, do a backstitch of one to
two stitches at the beginning and then it's as simple as sewing straight along those guidelines. As you can see, the fabric is beginning
to gather up a little here because the elastic thread underneath is pulling on the fabric
where it's been sewn on. Then stopping about half an inch before the edge of the fabric
at the end of the first row, I put my needle down, pivot it 90 degrees, brought the needle up, carefully move the presser
foot to the next guideline and then here you can
gently pull the upper thread a little bit loose if
you're getting bunching between rows. Then I put my needle back down through the next row's guideline, pivot it another 90 degrees so I'm heading back in
the opposite direction and then I began sewing on the chalk guideline down the next row. So, let's just speed this whole thing up. With each new row that I've sewn with the elastic in the bobbin, the fabric begins to bunch up. You will need to hold your fabric flat, which often means stretching it back out, as the fabric will start becoming very elastic with the
more rows that you sew. And then at the very end, I did a backstitch of
only one to two stitches to hold the threads in place and that's it. This Is what it looks like after shirring. Now, if the edges of your shirred piece are not going to be sewed up into seams, then you will also want
to do a straight stitch using regular thread in both
the top thread and the bobbin, down both edges like this, to ensure that each row stays secure. But if both edges are going
to be sewn up in seams, you don't really need to do this. Now the very last step that makes it look just that little bit nicer, is to get your iron and set
it to maximum steam setting. Now, a lot of people recommend that you simply hold your
iron just over the top of your newly shirred fabric and blast steam at it from there but that seemed to be doing nothing for me and I had no problems ironing
directly onto the fabric with my iron plate touching
the right side of the fabric and after doing that, the shirring just looks
a little bit neater, makes it more evenly gathered
at the top and bottom edges and the stitches become a little tighter which makes it shrink slightly too. Also, you can see I still have the chalk guidelines on the fabric. You'd wanna wash those
off perhaps before ironing to remove the guidelines
if it was gonna be part of a piece of clothing, but as this is just a test piece, I'm not gonna bother with that step. Shirring makes the fabric
about 1.5 to 2 times shorter than it originally was depending on the stitch length you use, the thickness of the elastic thread and the type of fabric that you're using. I measured it and this piece became approximately 1.9 times shorter
than its original length so keep that in mind when
you're using shirring as one piece of a larger project, for example, as a panel on a dress. It's wise to do a small test piece using the sewing machine settings and a fabric that you eventually wanna use just to determine how
much shrinkage you'll get so that you can plan and
cut your fabric accordingly. ♪ Troubleshooting, because
sewing is never that simple ♪ Number one. The first is to play around
with your stitch length. Making your stitch length longer will make your fabric more gathered. Decreasing it will do the opposite. It'll make it less gathered. So if your fabric isn't shirring enough, turn the stitch length up if you can. Keep in mind that you need
to do at least a few rows before you get the full effect of the shirring on the fabric. The second tip is to fine
tune your top thread tension. Don't just turn it up
slightly and leave it at that. You might need to turn it
up even more, even more. You may even need to turn it down. You might need to play around
with different settings until you find something that works. Number three, try hand-winding
your bobbin again. I know. That's annoying. But it is possible that you
had a little bit of stretch when you wound it the first time or, just maybe, not enough stretch. Yeah, that's right. You may just need to
stretch it every so slightly while winding the bobbin. It just totally has to
depend on your sewing machine and I am sorry if you have to redo this. Don't blame me. Number four. Try using a walking foot
attachment if you have one. While a regular presser foot
will work for most machines, a walking foot may just be what you needed to help your machine grip the
fabric a little bit better. And number five, the final
troubleshooting tip that I have is to adjust the bobbin's tension. Just be really careful
if you decide to do this and only as a last resort because you can mess up
your bobbin doing this so only do this if you
know what you're doing. So if your shirring's
just not turning out right after trying all the other
trouble shooting steps, then you can turn this
screw on your bobbin to the right to increase the tension or to the left to decrease it. Usually increasing it will solve
most problems with shirring but it could be the other way. There's just so many different
types of machines out there that you might have to do
something very strange to yours. When you turn the screw, remember exactly how much you turned it, i.e., 1/4 of a full revolution so you can return it to the same tension when you're finished shirring. If you forget, your
regular sewing projects might start messing up until
the bobbin tension is reset. Finally, you do not need
a fancy, computerized, top of the range sewing
machine to do this. (mumbles) likes to tell me stories of shirring a lot of her clothing
in the '70s and early '80s using a, you know, sewing
machine from that period, that basically only sewed
with a straight stitch. Shirring can be done on
pretty much any machine where you can put elastic
thread in the bobbin. So what can you make with this? Well, in a few days time,
I'll have a tutorial up on how to make a blouse that is shirred and has puffy sleeves
and a square neckline. So get practicing on shirring and then you can follow
along with my tutorial in a few days time. I'll see you soon and stay crafty everyone. Thank you so much to the
600 Patreon supporters, the super human producers
and the small brands who are all a huge reason
that I can make these videos available to hundreds of
thousands of you for free. If you've learned lots from my videos or if it's just the kinda stuff you wanna see more of in the world, then vote with your dollars and consider supporting me
on Patreon.com/annikavictoria as a member or for a one off contribution, go to ko-fi.com/annikavictoria. Your support means the world. (relaxed music)
