How to change someone’s mind

[Music] in the 2015 presidential debate to determine the Republican nominee for the 2016 election Donald Trump went head-to-head with Dr Ben Carson during the debate the two candidates were asked if there is a link between Autism and vaccinations now before sharing this example I want to make it clear that there is no link between Autism and vaccinations scientists universally agree that vaccination don't cause autism there is conclusive data to back this up and this is exactly what Trump's opponent Dr Ben Carson said there have been numerous studies and they have not demonstrated that there is any correlation between vaccinations and autism uh this was something that was uh spread widely 15 or 20 years ago and it has not been adequately uh you know revealed to the public what's actually going on vaccines are very important certain ones the ones that would prevent death or crippling now this should be the end of the debate science provides a concrete definite answer the best answer we can come up with and yet Donald Trump was able to change the minds of Republican voters not by sharing better research better data or better findings but by sharing a story but you take this little beautiful baby and you I mean it looks just like it's meant for a horse not for a child and we've had so many instances people that work for me just the other day 2 years old 2 and a half years old a child a beautiful child went to have the vaccine and came back and a week later got a tremendous fever got very very sick now is autistic stories are incredibly powerful methods to change people's minds Dr tally sherrett a neuroscientist and behavioral scientist shares that when she heard this debate there were a few minutes where even she questioned if she should have her child vaccinated she's a scientist who is well aware of the evidence and 100% agrees with the research behind the benefits of vaccines yet this potent story affected her perception not long after this debate Dr Ben Carson dropped out of the presidential race the former neurosurgeon turned politician ended his originally promising Republican Presidential bid after a series of disappointing primary debate performances one of Dr Carson's problems which is a problem shared by billions of us is that we assume facts and data will change opinion and we assume that stories on their own can't change minds but as Trump knew all too well a story even a fictitious madeup story can have a lasting significant impact on our views today on nudge we'll explore why stories are so effective at changing Minds why stories have been fundamental to the development of our species and how you can craft a better story in 30 minutes you'll know how to create a compelling story that can actually change someone's mind just promise me that you'll use it for good reasons so to help me understand how stories convince us I've invited will store on the show he is the world's leading expert on the psych ology behind stories and here he is introducing himself my name is Will store and I'm a writer will is an award-winning writer he's the author of six critically acclaimed books including the Sunday Times bestseller the science of Storytelling this book is a gold mine of information on why stories are so effective at changing our minds alongside the book he teaches an incredibly popular storytelling class all over the world he also practices what he preaches his ghostwritten books that have spent months at the top of the Sunday Times bestseller list and have sold more than 2 million copies worldwide the point is this guy gets how to write a good story and he knows why stories are so persuasive so to kick off I asked him why stories like Trump's vaccine story are so good at changing Minds it's almost impossible to overstate how important stories are to us as humans because story is how we think story is how we understand who we are stories how we understand how the world works you know so the stories that we perhaps think of automatically when we think of stories like stories in books and films you know that's a creation of the brain you know that the the brain is the the human brain is the original Storyteller and uh you know we we've evolved to enjoy films enjoy movies um enjoy books in that form because that's the form that the brain has invented through which to understand the world so that's why it's so essential for anyone that's trying to communicate especially people in business that they understand a bit about storytelling because that is how your customers and clients are understanding the world one way to describe how potent and effective stories are is just to see how long they've been around for we know very little about human life on Earth 20,000 years ago other than a few bones and ruins there is not much information about how we humans lived almost all artifacts from that era haven't survived but a story has see the earliest story that we know is a tale about a bear being chased by three Hunters the bear is hit it bleeds over the leaves on the forest floor leaving behind the colors of autumn then it manages to escape by climbing up a mountain and leaping into the sky where it becomes the constellation Ura major versions of this story known as The Cosmic hunt have been found in ancient Greece northern Europe Siberia and and importantly in the Americas where this one particular tale was told by the ures Indians because of where the story has spread researchers believe that it must have been told during the time when there was a land bridge between what is now Alaska and Russia that lambridge dates back to between 13,000 and 28,000 BC meaning the story must be of a similar era stories are so compelling that they can stick in our minds for Generations after generation for tens of thousands of years and that shouldn't come as a surprise because studies show that language itself only evolved to share stories sort of dominant Theory at the moment about why we develop language is to swap stories so the obvious thing you might think is why we develop language so we can kind of cooperate and coordinate but obviously wolves can cooperate and coordinate in Hunts perfectly well without a sophisticated and highly developed language and so the current thinking is that the the reason that we develop language is to swap stories and specifically to swap gossipy stories to to you know to to to to swap gossip um which sounds kind of ridiculous and and banal um but actually um there's a lot of sense to it so humans are an ape we're not like an ape sometimes we think of you know a bit like an ape but we're not we're not descended from apes we are Apes we're a species of ape that has master art of cooperation and so with these highly Cooperative um apes and so in order to um and we and we we cooperate in the in the context of groups so that that's what we do that's how humans survive that's how humans get what they want out of the world is that they is they gather into groups and those groups are the are the organisms that do things so if you think about the human world whether it's politics or armies or nations or companies or NOS it's all groups that that that's how we do what we do is is that is that we form into groups and that we do things so how do we do that and how did we um um do that in in the long expans of time in which our brains were evolving before there was a Judiciary before there was an Army before there were written laws you know how did we make sure that groups cooperated and work together and um uh and that people put the group's interests before their own and so you did it with storytelling with you know specifically with gossip so gossipy stories are kind of morally inflected tales about other people's behavior and and and and what what generally happens with gossip is that is that when when we when people act selflessly when they put the interest of their group before themselves then the gossip about them is good their reputation is good um and they're kind of raised up they rise in status but when the gossip is bad um it's very bad and and and and people get punished and and back in the tribal context that punishment would be sort of teasing um social exclusion you know not being spoken to and then would rise up and get worse and worse and at its most extreme forms death it's thought that capital punishment was once a human Universal so that's that's how we did it and for tens of thousands of years that's how we um organized and policed uh the function of our groups was we know with gossip and we of course we still do it today um you can think of the media as just a massive gossip Network you can think of social media as as a a global gossip Network through which people's reputations rise and fall and when they fall they find themselves ostracized cancelled and their reputations killed that's how kind of fundamental it is to human life without gossip without storytelling in that form you wouldn't have human life you wouldn't have Society you wouldn't have culture you wouldn't have progress stories aren't an added extra on our Evolution they're not a pleasant add-on to our ability to communicate they are not the cherry on top of the cake no stories are the cake mix it's stories that enabled us to collaborate and organize whether that's through gossip or more traditional Tales without stories collaboration might not have been possible Recent research has found that language evolved principally to swap social information back when we were living in stone AG tribes stories about people being heroic or villainous And the emotions of joy and outrage were crucial to human survival we are literally wired to enjoy them they are an integral part of our Evolution once you realize this it's no longer a surprised that stories have such an effect on us today it shouldn't surprise you to hear that stories dictate who people vote for in elections or perhaps that stories lead us to dramatic improvements in society like for example the development of Human Rights yeah so so there's a really brilliant historian called Professor Lyn hunt that pered the argument which I kind of describe in the book um she she argues the that the birth of Human Rights is partly comes out of the birth of the novel and um in Western Europe when the novel begins to become popular as a form you had these kind of early bestsellers which told the stories we started telling stories from interesting perspectives so so you know you you would have a story that's told from the perspective of the skullery maid you know this the Skol made being you know sexually harassed by their awful male um boss uh became a best-selling novel there were lots of bestsellers written about slave life in America or by former slaves from the United States and this this slave literature was a huge part um played a huge part in the emancipation of the slaves and the abolishment of slavery both in the you know in Britain and and in America so so and so what story is telling does is it is it kind of helps us see the world through the eyes of somebody else and and we've also captured this happening in the laboratory so there was a really interesting study in which um psychologists in America took um just a bunch of ordinary Americans this was in the Years following the um 911 attacks and the invasion of Iraq and kind of tested their beliefs about Muslims and you know tested them to see how kind of prejudice they were against Muslims and some of their kind of you know less healthy beliefs about you know what Muslims were like and then they split these groups of people this group of people into two and then the control group watched um lots of episodes of the sitcom Friends which is is you know it's just very it's just about ordinary white Americans hanging out in York uh but another group um watched uh an American situm called little mosque on the Prairie now little mosque on the Prairie is a bit like The Cosby Show it just sort of depicts American Muslims as ordinary Americans having ordinary lives and by the end of their kind of season of watching little MOS on the Prairie they retested these people's prejudicial ideas about Muslims and compared to the control group of watch Friends their beliefs had changed in the direction of being much more reasonable and fair and seeing people with Muslim um background as just being ordinary Americans and crucially they retested them 3 months after the test and their beliefs were still had still adjusted so this exposure to story this exposure to um the experience of Life Through The Eyes of other people people who belong to other groups Not only was it real but it also lasted Way Beyond you know the experience of the actual story so so so so there's good reason to believe that these kind of theories before by the historian to talk about the birth of Human Rights and the emancipation of the slaves uh are really something our brains really haven't evolved much in the past 30,000 years they've adapted very well to our surroundings but it's still the same old ape brain under the skull there's a great bit of research that highlights this it's a study cited in Will's book that found that people prefer to sleep as far away from the bedroom door as possible with a clear view of the door so when people in sleep Laboratories get the choice of where they want to sleep they pick that option in general why well the researchers has concluded it's because of our prehistoric Tendencies our brains still act as if we're sleeping in a cave and as such we should position ourselves to be wary of nighttime Predators but it's not just visible in sleep the body's reflexes remain primed for the Savannah we once roamed when someone creeps up on us and shocks us the body automatically responds as if it's being attacked by a prey animal all over the world people enjoy open spaces and Lawns and prefer trees of a height and canopy similar to those that we evolved amongst our prehistoric preferences are still with us and that's why our love for stories remain as will says this can be incredibly beneficial a good story about a good cause can lead to the development of Human Rights or the emancipation of slaves but not all stories are good take Trump's misinformation about the vaccine a story designed to spread fear uncertainty and doubt upon which he could thrive on he's is not alone in using stories for this purpose either in 1915 the film Birth of a Nation presented African-Americans as unintelligent brutes who sexually bullied white women the three-hour long story played to sold out crowds and recruited thousands to join the clue clucks clan in 1940 the film Jew Zeus portrayed Jews as corrupt and showed a high status Jewish Banker Zeus opener raping a blonde German woman before being hanged in front of grateful crowds in an iron cage this wasn't a niche movie it premiered at the Venice Film Festival where it one pled it it was seen by 20 million and caused viewers to pour on mass into the streets of Berlin chanting throw the last Jews out of Germany these stories have a lasting impact on people as will said those who watched the mosque on a prairie saw a change in views that persisted for over a month here's the thing those who need to convince large groups of people are better off using a story to put their point across rather than sharing data the problem is in today's world those with data they rely on it and those without lean on stories perhaps it's not a surprise that the rise of popularist polarized views came exactly when these views could be shared widely via social networks Trump brexit balsano even Putin are examples of leaders or campaigns that control the masses through story not fact but the question I want to answer is how how do you come up with a story that is so compelling so gripping that it can capture a nation and change the views of the masses okay back to the show we've just covered how important stories are not just at convincing people but in our Evolution into a collaborating society but now I want to know what makes a great story so I asked will I mean for me a really great story um is about character and character change I I think the kind of you know when you talk about Mass Market machine made stories I think the mistake uh that that Scholars of story have made for actually thousands of years is is that they've decided that plot they've argued that plot was more important than character and that actually if you want if you want people to uh be gripped by your story you've got to think about plot and that gives birth to you know all kinds of kind of story making devices almost like algorithms the most famous is probably the um the hero's journey Joseph campell's Heroes Journey which is informed generation after generation of Hollywood screenwriter but but but of course it's not that simple for every Star Wars that follows the hero's journey you've got you know a thousand failed failed stories stories that just seem dead they do all the right things and everything happens in the right order but they're just dead and but if you think about the the stories that that people really love the stories that that that just endure for Generation after generation indeed whether it's Star Wars or A Christmas Carol or sitcoms like faulty tows or flea bag or the office they revolve around really compelling really interesting characters you know that first Star Wars movie and and the the initial Trilogy yes it did all the plot things right but Han Solo Luke Skywalker princess Slayer C3PO R2-D2 they are Unforgettable characters much better than I would argue than the characters in The more recent kind of franchises so and and so I think people have um become kind of Bewitched by the apparent magic of plot this this idea that if you put certain things in a certain order you're going to you're going to become rich and successful and and and pack him in at the the cinema and get to get into the S Times best seller charts and actually if you look look back at the history of Storytelling it kind of bears this out when you understand that all story comes out of tribal gossip for me that's what really under underlines this idea because what's what's gossip all about gossip is all about who is this person that that's what we're trying to figure out when we're gossiping about people whether whether it's people that we know or whether it's distant figures in culture like Elon Musk or AOC or um you know tberg or Andrew Tate or whoever it might be when we're talking about these people we're trying to figure out who are they are they good people or are they bad people we have this fascination with other people with the interior lives of other people with the motivations of other people that's what gossip is that's what we're talking about when we're enjoying gossip that's how reality television that's how love Island gets millions and millions and millions of viewers every every year uh me being one of them you know be because it's just this gossip machine that you know good reality TV big brother love iseland is this gossip machine where where you meet all the people and he spend a whole SE a whole you know summer figuring out arguing who are they good people or are they bad people great stories talk about people Trump didn't use stats or data to talk about the vaccine he shared a story about a mother in his team a story that's based around a strong character is wired to get us interested because humans have spent Millennia gossiping about people we can't help but be enthralled in their stories the psychologist Professor Brian Boyd writes writes humans naturally pursue status with ferocity we are Relentless if unconsciously to try and raise our own status by impressing peers and naturally if unconsciously evaluate others in terms of their standing we are desperate to know what others think about us and we are also quick to judge others and we need to researchers have found that people subjective well-being self-esteem and mental and physical health appears to depend on the level of status they recorded by others will says that a good story is about learning if the characters are good or bad people that makes an effective story because it's what we spend our life doing we're always analyzing other people to figure out if they are good or bad so how do we get an audience whether that's voters or customers to care about our character whether our character is Harry Potter a political candidate an idea or even a brand how do you get people to care well one of the very best ways to get someone to pay attention to your character is to leave something about them unknown here's why it's become one of my bug Bears when you open a book especially a novel or or even not even especially novel like a non fishion book too and it begins with the date of birth and the parents and you got to meet the grandparents and it's just like oh no this is somebody that doesn't understand you know what a story is I think a story is a simple sequence of events actually I I think you know a story begins when a character becomes tested it's that moment in which they're tested that's that's when a Story begins it isn't going to begin on on the day of their birth it's going to begin o on on the day when the sequence of events that led to their greatest if a challenge begins that's that that's that's when the some somebody's if somebody has a story that that's when that's when it's going to begin it was actually you know one one of the first writers to that kind of figured out that you don't actually have to tell everything about a character and in fact it was uh better if it's it can be better if you leave out a bunch of stuff uh with Shakespeare like Shakespeare's later um more complex plays I mean as most people know Shakespeare's plays were kind of all remixes of previously existing plays and but the previously existing plays would do that thing of you know the correct thing if giving you a flawed character but the slightly tedious thing of giving you all the backstory all the reasons why the the character had become flawed so there been no space left for mystery and what Shakespeare started to do like King Le and McBeth was leave out all that stuff that the previous writers you know re versions of that stories in and just presented you with this character who was deeply flawed and this has this kind of magical effect of um kind of G giving space for the reader or the viewer of the play G giving space for them to try and figure out for themselves who is this person and why are they behaving like that we'll get on to the importance of making your character flawed in a bit but first I want to emphasize the significance of leaving something unknown leaving something unknown is a Sure Fire way to capture attention in fact as will says Shakespeare's popularity arguably came from using this trick the professor of humanities Steven greenblat writes that Shakespeare's true leap in genius took place when he made the crucial breakthrough of removing character information that's right Shakespeare's breakthrough was not adding character information it was removing it see Shakespeare's plays were based on existing stories Greek Roman ancient stories yet in these stories the writers always explained the causes of their character's behavior in full these pre Shakespeare stories explained who the character was who they loved and what they wanted before the real story had even begun but when working on Hamlet Shakespeare decided to artfully exclude these character explanations see in previous versions of the play Hamlet's Madness had been clearly revealed at the start as a tactical and fake ruse to buy time and Foster the appearance of harmlessness it was plain and clear for the audience what Hamlet was doing but in Shakespeare's version the source of his suicidal Madness is much less clear it's not plainly described to the viewer why he is mad and that keeps people engaged that's what made the story so memorable Shakespeare intuitively knew what many psychologists are discover ing today that Curiosity spikes interest research shows that 9we old babies are drawn to unfamiliar images over ones they've seen before between the ages of 2 to 5 its thought children ask around 40,000 explanatory questions to their caregivers what this means is other than parents being overloaded by questions it means that we are wired to be interested in the unknown Professor George Lowenstein devised a great test to prove this in the experiment partici ipants were confronted by a grid of squares on a computer screen they were asked to click on five of the squares some participants in control group a found that with each click a full picture of an animal appeared click one box and you see a dog click another and you see a monkey but the second group this is Group B saw something different when they clicked a box they only saw small individual parts of an individual animal click one box and you see an ear click another and you see a [ __ ] you're not quite sure what the animal is and your curiosity is spiked here's what happened those in the second group were far more likely to keep clicking on squares after the required five and they kept going until enough of the boxes had been uncovered to reveal the animal's identity whereas those in the other group they've stopped clicking after they required five if you've listened to nudge before you'll have heard me rant on about the importance of this it's known as The Curiosity Gap and this is why the C curiosity Gap is so important because leaving something unknown is just proven to grasp our attention it's why Cliffhangers work it's why clickbait is everywhere and it's why Shakespeare is still popular today so don't reveal everything clearly in your story leave something unknown it'll get people interested regardless of whether it's a 30-second ad or a 3-hour play but that's not all your story where possible should start with a change here why yeah so so when a Storyteller is beginning a story they've got a real Challenge on their hands because they've got all this great compelling stuff to you know beguile a reader but but but when they when the reader just turns on the you know clicks on the YouTube thing or opens the first page how are you going to hook them in from the from from the very kind of first moment of your story and so what lots of storytellers do there's really two there's really two strategies the first one is is to express a moment of change or or the threat of change because change automatically grabs attention um the brain is a prediction machine and the Brain likes to predict What's happen what's going to happen next what's going to happen next and what's going to happen next and 99% of the time it can predict pretty well what's going to happen next but if you suggest to the brain that there's something that it doesn't know that there's surprise is going to become spontaneously interested so so that's one way um you know and and this is you know often sort of packed into um um the very first sentences of um you know a writer's novel for example when you open open a good novel very often the very first sentence be either a description of um a moment of change or or or kind of the threat of change I call it so you know when you when you open the novel Jaws the the the first sentence describes this kind of fin moving in the water so it's this very powerful threat that change is going to come and you see this in children's books um like um where spot by Eric Hill it begins just with that spot he's you know where can he be and so the sense is that spots gone missing it's an immediate moment of change and then all the way up the scale to a book say like intimacy by Hanah kesi the first sentence of intimacy is it is the saddest night for I am leaving and not coming back so again it's this is this moment of change and so you know all the way up the scale from this sort of the broadest children's book to the to to the kind of um most kind of high work of literature these writers are doing the same thing which is immediately grabbing attention with this moment of change with description of change the Hunger Games starts with the line when I wake up the other side of the bed is cold Charlotte Web starts with where's papa going with the axe and Albert Kimu starts the outsider with mother died today or yesterday I don't know don't start your story or your presentation or your ad with a description of who you are that's not interesting start it with a change humans are obsessed with change so much so that it fills our dreams researchers find that the majority of Dreams feature at least one event of threatening and unexpected change with most of us experiencing five such dreams every night and wherever Studies have been done across the globe from City to City dream plots reflect this the most common dream is about being chased or attacked according to story psychologist Professor Jonathan gotell other Universal themes include falling drowning being lost trapped or in other words most dreams include change so start your story with a change because we are wired to be more interested in them and to double down on these attention grabbing tactics you should link your change with uncertainty I titled this podcast the surprisingly simple way to change someone's mind if I had called it stories influence the views of people it wouldn't be nearly as attention grabbing as there would be no change expected and no uncertainty this title is designed to be attention grabbing and I'm not just copying Shakespeare by the way I'm copying Charles Dickens as well yeah the the other way is to kind of inspire um curiosity humans are obviously also ineffably curious creatures and so um suggesting to the brain that there's something strange happening is another good strategy so my favorite first sentence is Charles dickens's um Christmas carol which in the first sentence is Marley was dead to begin with which I think is brilliant because Marley was dead it's kind of someone's di moment to change but then to begin with he like what to begin with you know so so it's really fantastic and you know and um and unusually concise for Dickens he was a very you know he wasn't not known for his concision but yeah Marley was there to begin with a really fantastic um first sentence the very best stories capture attention when they are based around an interesting character and when something about that character is unknown and when something in the character's life is changing but there's one more aspect of Storytelling that's vitally important and it's something that used to surpr surprised me for a story to be really gripping it has to be about a character who is fundamentally flawed here's why like good storytelling is this kind of profound exploration into human life you know it's kind of there's this really great quote by this radio producer who was um that I I I tried to find a place for in the book I never did um and he said all storytelling is is an answer to the question how should I live my life which I think it's really beautiful this is a guy that um um was a mentor to um the um This American Life podcast people he was the kind of first producer and I that's such a powerful um um thing and I think it's really true and and and and and and so good storytelling is about you know we talks about character but it's but it's also but it's really about flawed character it's it's about something happens to this person who doesn't understand how the world Works in in in a specific way and then what the plot does is is is it kind of tests and teases apart their M the mistake they're making about the world and really satisfying story um we see that character adjusting and reassessing and beginning to form a more complete and more successful theory about how the world works so you kind of have to start with a flawed character you know because flaw characters are interesting they're relatable and if but more fundamentally if the character isn't flawed then where are they going to go there's nothing more boring than a perfect person there's nothing more boring than a good person you know you know that's not who we want to meet at the beginning of the story we want to we want to meet somebody who's making a fundamental mistake about the world um and and who is motivated to somehow kind of figure out what mistake they're making and fix it because that's all of us really isn't it I mean that that's the ultimate relatable thing is that we all feel um know we're all flawed we all make the same mistakes over and over again and it's action in the world it's the tests that the plots of Our Lives throw at us which hopefully um you know over the course of Life slowly make us better people flawed characters are vital to a good story now I wasn't surprised to hear this in the past on nudge I've spoken about how showing flaws makes someone more likable this is known in psychology as the pratfall effect studies show that intelligent people who accidentally spill coffee down themselves are just seen as more likable and job candidates who reveal their weaknesses during a job interview are more likely to get a job it's even the case that products sell more when they're not perfect there's one 2012 study that showcased this it's a study that showed participants uh information about hiking boots on a website to half the group the researchers listed all the great things about the boots that they were Orthopedic sols they they had waterproof material they had a 5-year warranty etc etc to the other half they included that same list of positives but followed it with a few negatives stating that these boots unfortunately only came in two colors and so on with small negatives like this remarkably the majority of buyers who had gotten that small dose of negative information were more likely to purchase the boots than those who had received exclusively positive information it sounds counterintuitive to write a good story shouldn't our lead character be Flawless to sell a great product shouldn't we hide its weaknesses well no flaws make your character and your products more appealing and more likable for years I've struggled to understand why so many people were convinced by arguments that seem to completely lack rationality research science data and evidence I've scratched my head wondering why on Earth people voted for Trump why on Earth people supported bills that were against things that I valued I couldn't understand why parents would put their child at risk of deadly diseases by not vaccinating them but after working on this episode all of this became a lot clearer humans might live in a high-tech world with endless access to data science studies and insights but our brains are still identical to the cavemen who sat around the fire and told stories and like those cavemen we too are heavily influenced by Stories We Are wired to remember them interpret them and learn from them far more than we would from data so don't discredit the power of a story and where possible try to use stories yourself try to make your stories as convincing as possible to do so Focus your story on a character over the plot start your story with a significant change leave something Unknown about your character to spark curiosity and above all make sure your characters aren't perfect follow those steps and you'll end up with a compelling story that'll be far more persuasive than any data point you could share okay folks that is all for this episode I want to say a massive massive thank you to will store for coming on the show today I think he's one of the best guests I've had on nudge not only because he deeply understands how the human brain works but also because he practices what he preaches he doesn't just tell people about the science of Storytelling he uses it himself offering many successful books and ghost writing a number of bestsellers he's great and if you want to learn more from him I really do recommend picking up a copy of his book the science of Storytelling I think it is a must read for anyone who needs to convince and persuade others so marketers listening this is a book for you I've left a link to it in the show notes will will actually be back on nudge in a couple of weeks time which I'm very excited for and that episode I genuinely think is even better than this one on that episode he explains the confirmation bias to me he explains why most of us feel that everybody else is wrong and we're right it's a fascinating listen and I'd tell you more about it but I want to to leave a little bit unknown so to make sure you don't miss that show please go and follow my newsletter head to nudge podcast.com and click newsletter in the menu if you subscribe you'll get access to that episode first before anyone else plus you'll get another Behavioral Science tip in your inbox every week now for those listening on a podcast player I wanted to let you know that I also publish these episodes on YouTube so if you want to watch the episode on YouTube alongside lots of video image and music that relates to what I'm talking about then just SE for nudge podcast on YouTube that's nudge podcast on YouTube and you'll find me on there that is all for this week as always please do click follow or subscribe wherever you're listening that makes a huge difference and really helps me out but thank you again for listening I'm your host Phil agnu and I will be back next week for another episode of nudge

Channel: Nudge Podcast

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Length: 37min 45sec (2265 seconds)

Published: Thu Dec 21 2023