How The Romans Would See Us Today

[Music] the roman empire the mention of this empire conjures up images of ancient glory and prestige an association which is well deserved at its height the roman empire was the greatest empire which had ever existed up to that point it overcame both the hellenic and carthaginian worlds as well as many other foes building an empire which stretched from the borders of what is today scotland to the borders of what is today iran within those boundaries lived an estimated 60 million people about a fifth of the world's population at the time though it peaked nearly 2 000 years ago its legacy lives on in many obvious ways in the lands it once ruled over and as a matter of fact in lands far far beyond its original boundaries in the languages values religion culture laws and more of billions around the world the romans did not simply see themselves as in empire but rather the empire their empire was the true empire of the earth and they believed that one day all peoples would live under it as successful as the romans might have been however they were not immortal by the 3rd century a.d the empire began to show signs of serious problems eventually managing it would become too difficult and it would break in half to be ruled by different administrations the east would endure throughout the middle ages and is sometimes known as the byzantine empire the western empire however succumbed to a variety of problems and fell in the year 476 a.d the collapse was so impactful that historians used that year to divide european history between the classical and medieval eras and indeed in the subsequent centuries classical civilization would fade away to be replaced by medieval society hello and welcome to fire of learning we have hours of content on this channel in which we go back and look at roman history and culture but today we're going to do something different we are going to bring the romans to us that's right a time portal has just opened from their world to ours and through it have stepped some of the most famous figures of roman history in this video we are going to explore their adventure in our world what would they think of us what would they relate to could they get around communicate with anyone despite how futuristic or frankly god-like we might seem to their ancient eyes would they understand our civilization man perhaps even be able to warn us of problems that they once faced some of which led to their collapse before we begin i would like to thank jessica powell jack leuchner don beaver troy bishop matthias yokunin jordan prince scott price colin kennedy and arcana natarajan for being our most recent supporters on patreon they join these supporters who make these videos possible i'd also like to thank all of you out there for bringing this channel to 300 000 subscribers that's uh quite a lot of people and i'm genuinely grateful to every single one of you and i simply hope that my small contribution to this wonderful community has been useful now then let's get to it so let's start by establishing a few things about this thought experiment firstly i've done a video like this focusing on medieval monarchs already which many of you have probably seen this is not going to be just a repeat of that video i've argued that the height of rome was significantly different from medieval europe especially dark age europe caesar would likely be as stunned as charlemagne would be over what we call the airplane the tank and of course the toaster but overall caesar would look at us quite differently than charlemagne would there are important differences in how they lived and ruled secondly we do have to keep in mind rome lasted for a long time technically over 2 200 years from according to legend april 21st 753 bc to may 29 1453 a.d we will however be focusing on ancient rome excluding the medieval byzantines still it's very important to keep in mind that's over a thousand years of history a great span of time over which the culture and religion and politics and society as a whole changed in considerable ways i think it would be best to narrow it down to characters from rome's height the age of its early empire in order to best compare our civilizations from the time portal into the year 2020 will step julius caesar augustus caesar trajan marcus aurelius diocletian and constantine the first six legendary figures but uh technically five emperors sorry julius we will focus on these six individuals but we will also draw on the perspectives of other figures as well namely those of the average romans whose names are largely lost but about whose lives historians do know a fair amount well maybe the year 2020 isn't the best time for them to visit you know actually on second thought if a time portal were to open up to ancient rome this is definitely the year it would happen and what better place for this time portal to open than the city of rome italy as the italian people go about their business on a seemingly normal day they're amused by the sudden appearance of historical reenactors who are seen pacing around the streets however they quickly become concerned as the supposed reenactors behave erratically they are overwhelmed and terrified by the environment around them the cars the people dressed in strange clothing the artificial lighting the unusual language the technology built by wizards they fear they have entered the realm of the gods eventually the police are called and the emperors after putting up a brief fight which let the trajan being tased end up in custody where they await the opportunity to explain themselves but could they how close is the classical latin that they spoke to modern italian well italian is the closest modern language to latin italian along with languages like french spanish portuguese and romanian known commonly as the romantic languages are sometimes called the neo latin languages because they developed out of latin vernaculars called vulgar latin as an imperfect speaker of french i will say that learning the latin that i know was easier than it would have been had i not had that experience with french maybe not so much with regards to the grammar but definitely as far as vocabulary is concerned which would be the main thing here for very basic communication with these italian police officers here furthermore i got similar answers from a few native italians who i know they aren't mutually intelligible there is quite a difference in grammar but some useful similarities in vocabulary as a side note each of these individuals would have been fluent in ancient greek as well a language commonly learned by roman aristocrats and officials this is because of the influence of the hellenic world which preceded rome greek was the main language of the eastern half of the empire in fact as this had already been spread there by greek civilization namely by alexander's empire and its successor states anyway that's a language which i don't speak myself either but i have heard again from native speakers that it is perhaps even more similar to modern greek than italian is to latin in summary the concerned italian citizens wouldn't be able to understand what they were shouting but it's likely that the emperors could convey some very basic things to the police officers before they started taking them seriously and a proper translator could arrive communication would likely be easier through writing literacy rates were relatively high in rome at least compared to the middle ages with an estimated 10 percent of the population of the empire being literate in the year 50 bc compared to an estimated 1 max literate population in the early middle ages of europe anyway somehow someway the translator would deduce that something was quite wrong and as the incident received greater attention a team of psychiatrists historians biologists and physicists would eventually deduce that these people had actually traveled through time as this remarkable news breaks out the united nations meets to decide what to do about the situation the most natural ambassador from their world to ours i think would not be too far away the pope the catholic church is an organization created by the romans which survived the collapse of their civilization and carried on into ours although it is important to note that it was quite different in the age of the romans and has undergone great changes in its history still it may therefore be a good way of crossing the culture barrier plus the popes generally speak latin although the ecclesiastical latin that the church uses is different in important ways from classical latin namely with regards to pronunciation i suspect ecclesiastical latin is more commonly taught at least in the english-speaking world because my latin pronunciation evidently sounds weird to many of my viewers anyway the thing is though rome's christianization took place long after most of these emperors lived the only christian among the ones here is constantine he was the first christian emperor though the extent to which he genuinely believed in it is questioned by some historians julius caesar died in 44 bc before the religion had even begun augustus was a contemporary but died before the series of events had concluded the emperors between augustus and constantine largely knew very little of the religion viewing it as a strange jewish cult it isn't exactly clear how trajan or marcus aurelius viewed it which is a sign that they gave it little attention but there were a number especially later on who took it upon themselves to persecute christianity and try to root out its existence like diocletian here they might be surprised to find that it had gained such prominence with the surprise being greater the earlier back in roman history you go with this being one of the best guys they could relate to however they might keep their opinions to themselves for the moment the romans were relatively tolerant of other religions and tried to incorporate their beliefs into their roman beliefs whenever possible but when not possible they were certainly not against the punishment of heretics who denied things like the deification of certain emperors into the imperial cult they weren't ever quite as religious as people were in the early modern era or at least they didn't view religion in the exact same light religious yes but not quite like us furthermore each of these individuals lived in a time when people were admittedly very slowly taking their religion less seriously anyway as a part of a much larger shift in values that accompanied the transition of rome from a republic to an empire it was not dying out totally but it's worth mentioning that when christianity started to become the dominant religion in the 4th century the pagan zeal was already not what it used to be they would be disappointed to see however that not only had their religion been replaced but their entire empire had been replaced the romans would look at our map study the countries of the earth and their attributes and would at first be perplexed to start how much of the planet were they even aware of well they did know that it was a globe this was proven by the ancient greeks the romans even sometimes refer to the world as in orbeez latin for globe however they weren't too knowledgeable about the lands well beyond the mediterranean they weren't really too huge into exploration at least not like the europeans of the early modern era there are theories that they reach the americas but this is extremely unlikely especially given that they don't seem to really have explored or known much about sub-saharan africa which is much closer it also appears to be the case that they knew little of the european tribes not too far beyond their own borders their knowledge was greater in the areas through which trade flowed however they of course knew of persia and the middle east beyond their domain they had clear though poorly documented relations with india and they knew that there was a great power to the far east which they sometimes called cena which the romans received visitors from and did in fact visit the romans even predicted the existence of australia and antarctica kind of they essentially thought that there had to be land in the south to serve as a counterweight to the lands in the north to keep the planet balanced that's not how the planet works of course but they weren't fully wrong about the presence of a terra australis incognita or an unknown southern land regardless they would be absolutely stunned to see what our world really fully consisted of but still it would be missing something them our world might remind these romans more of their earlier republican history where rome was one nation among competing powers rather than a situation with which these rulers would have been familiar in the age of these rulers they ruled a risk single empire with perhaps persia as a major competitor but mostly with unimpressive barbarians on their peripheries these barbarians were certainly regarded as dangerous but not equals in terms of social and technological achievement to the emperors of rome's golden age as i mentioned rome was simply the empire there were no rivals there were setbacks and troubles but the romans had confidence that their empire would with time rule over the entire world they would be faced with the fact that not only is this not the case but that there isn't even a clear successor to rome in our world there are many states which could be called successors to rome in a certain light but none which continue on roman civilization itself rome fell for good in 1453 a.d there were other claimants to the title of rome in the sense of carrying on roman civilization or at least some aspect of it like the holy roman empire tsarist russia and even the ottomans but now not even those countries claim the title of roman the absolute closest you would get to a group legitimately identifying as romans apart from maybe the catholic church would be the greeks living in anatolia who have referred to themselves as romans all the way back to rome and continue to to this day but is there really an equivalent to rome in our world not exactly you've had empires since like the british empire which was frankly more accomplished than rome in many ways which would doubtlessly have impressed the romans you also have massively powerful and influential nations around today namely the united states with whom the romans could perhaps relate in some ways they may see the united states and its history like they saw the rome a humble small nation which had thrown off a monarchy and created a democracy eventually ruling over a great continent-spanning empire but our world is not the roman world and much of our world would simply not make sense to them especially when you look at something like international relations indeed the concept of people interacting so closely and quickly with each other on a global scale would be utterly amazing to them not only is this the case for governments and politicians but average people today for example the information in this video is being transferred to thousands of people across the globe at the speed of light minus the strength of your internet connection as mentioned in the medieval video traveling from one end of the roman empire britannia to another igyptus could take about two months on average messengers could move faster armies would move more slowly however it's worth pointing out that the romans especially these romans were a bit more accustomed to the concept of safe long distance travel the romans had very extensive trade networks which spanned the known world and an impressive system of roads though they would be stunned by our road systems and would marvel at the vehicles traveling on them at speeds which they could never have achieved they would recognize the setup the romans also ruled over the whole mediterranean by the time of augustus they refer to it as mare nostrum our sea and we're very efficient in keeping it pirate free while the empire was not as linguistically united under latin and greek as is often believed if you knew one of these languages then you could get around fairly well anywhere travel could be dangerous however and there was a bit of banditry speaking of crime would the romans be impressed with our system of police firefighters and other emergency personnel did they have equivalents yes though not on our scale of course i covered this in a video which i think is a little underrated maybe i'm biased i don't know i found that interesting the first firefighting force in rome was a private brigade run by marcus lachinius crassus who would go around saving the citizens of the city of rome from devastating fires if the owner sold the property to him at a substantial discount right there on the spot and agreed to have it loaned back to them if they refuse then crassus would likely just cite one of the perengi rules of acquisition or something and leave decades later however the first public fire brigade in the city of rome was founded under augustus they were called the wigalays related to our word vigilance this force would later double as police officers and include paramedics it would also spread to other major cities however the world outside these cities was still as dangerous and banditry was generally the responsibility of the military clearly quite a bit would be different to these visitors and we've only touched the surface on many things we consider fundamental to our daily lives and take for granted but which they would find quite shocking amazing or both perhaps the best way for these emperors to figure out these differences would be for them to get out in the world and see it for themselves experiencing it from one of our perspectives indeed such ambitious and intelligent individuals wouldn't want to stand around as a living museum exhibit all day as their journeys continued eventually they would make their way to america where they would want to come into contact with justin the guy who runs the youtube history channel fire of learning a channel whose videos they quite enjoyed and to which they of course subscribed as soon as they understood the concept of subscription and youtube and internet perhaps the best way for them to understand how we live i would conclude would be to get them a job yep just fill this out and i'll get it to the manager gratias tibiago eustinee all right name kaisar nerwa birth september 18 53 place of birth the city of italica in the province of hispania baitica past employers the senate and people of rome position emperor salary i have to consult the tax records hi excuse me have a question how can i be of assistance where are your tomatoes i don't know i am sorry ma'am i shall i have to ask you work here and you don't know where your tomatoes are i do not know this thing tomato you don't know what a tomato where are you from that they don't have tomatoes italy are you kidding me okay go talk to your manager before i talk to him for you i apologize ma'am i will be right back the tomatoes are in aisle a2 indeed the romans would not have been familiar with tomatoes nor a great many things typical to our diets which came from the americas asia and africa tomatoes for example came from the americas hernan cortes is believed to have been responsible for introducing them to europe and the rest of the world in the late 1490s the typical roman diet was not bland however even by our standards there was of course all kinds of variation from region to region but the typical diet shares many similarities with the modern mediterranean diet cereals like wheat barley emmer and the things made from them i.e bread or in latin ponum and porridge were absolutely essential dairy products like milk and cheese and things like that were of course common as well you also had a healthy amount of fruits and vegetables the most famous of all of course are olives and the olive oil made from it of equal fame are grapes from which wine very common in the roman diet was made the romans weren't alcoholics though well not most of them anyway and the actual alcohol content of their wine was often diluted you also had peas and beans and other types of legumes onions lettuce radishes cucumbers garlic asparagus mushrooms apples pears dates turnips and cabbages recall of course diocletian here retired to be a cabbage farmer and it was the romans who invented apple bobbing honey was used for a variety of reasons for both preservation and as a sweetener there was also of course meat but it was expensive and the average roman ate less of it than we'd do today pork poultry veal rabbit mutton and beef were all common but were you to be invited to a dinner party at an aristocrat's house you could find yourself having roast ostrich for dinner seafood was also common but could be expensive as far as condiments go the big one was called gotham a kind of fermented fish sauce as a side note the whole vomiting at meals to consume even more food is not only gross but also not true what is true however is that the romans appear to have established the concept of fast food or takeout they had establishments called ceremopolia where you could purchase hot pre-made food they even had names burger wrecks and philly estonalis i'm joking about the names despite all this the romans would no doubt be impressed by the huge variety of foods available to our modern diet hello ma'am did you find everything all right no actually i had some trouble finding your tomatoes and the employee who i asked for help was very rude very inconsiderate and didn't even know where they were i'm sorry about that ma'am what are you able to find them though yes after wasting a huge amount of my time i think i'm entitled to a discount perhaps so i shall go and ask my manager if i can give you a discount on your tomatoes ah no i mean a discount on everything everything why everything yeah the experience was very stressful ridiculous it's not right how i was treated and i might have to take my business somewhere else from now on if it isn't corrected you should not let such trivial incidents defeat you ah excuse me you have control over your own mind not outside events realize this and you will find strength what are you talking about what i mean to say is that very little is needed to make a happy life it is all within yourself in your way of thinking when you arise in the morning think of what a precious privilege it is to be alive to breathe to think to enjoy to love oh my god everyone who works here is a freak goodbye what would the romans think of our family units marriage childbearing and things like that the romans had a very complex family system one which might seem strange to us and would require a video of its own to explain frankly roman women had much less control over their lives than women today as one would expect but in fact even less than medieval women women were expected to follow the wishes of the head males of the family the potter familias be it father brother grandfather husband or whoever held that role sociosexuality was heavily regulated these rules did relax a bit in late ancient rome however as the values shifted there was never an empress who held power in ancient rome though this changed in byzantium but in the late empire there were women who occasionally controlled things from behind the scenes such as yulia myself who directed things during the reigns of her grandsons elagabalus and severus alexander like a majority of societies around the world marriages were often arranged love and looks and liking each other was important to the romans but not nearly as important as creating child-bearing arrangements and cementing relations between families whether a marriage would benefit a family or bring a dishonor in trouble was taken into heavy consideration many westerners today would find this practice backward but they likely would see our marriages as being selfish and too focused on an individual's happiness rather than the welfare of the family and broader society the romans were not as individualistic as modern westerners tend to be women were often married off in their early teenage years to men in their 20s men were not free from the duties of the family either and generally had to listen to the potter from india's as well the concept of children being expected to move out sometimes going great distances and breaking some ties with their family would have been a bit foreign to the very close-knit roman families in summary they would see modern people and the way they go about their relationships about how you would expect dangerously libertine women were expected above all else to bear children and were quite proud of being successful mothers it was certainly not easy childbirth was the leading cause of death for women for much of history roman women faced perhaps a five to ten percent chance of dying in childbirth after that the child faced about a 50 chance of death within their first few birthdays the upper classes had it a bit easier but the lower classes would have seen a majority of children not make it comparatively modern child mortality rates in developed countries are about one percent today we can thankfully treat many disorders children are born with those which are considered mild to us could have been a death sentence in ancient rome then after that children had to be approved of by the potter familias he made the decision on whether or not to keep a child or to abandon it and abandonment did take place these children were often left to a dark fate and at best might have been brought in and raised by slave traders men especially of the lower classes often did harsh and dangerous work the most dangerous of all of course being the empire's constant wars all the while all of roman society was plagued by occasional outbreaks of disease and famines while the romans took a proto-scientific approach to health care for their day again they had no way of treating many ailments the essential point here this was a society with what's called a high mortality salience much more so than our own death was a normal part of life and likely as we discussed in our medieval video the romans would be stunned by how many people were blessed with a relatively untroubled childhood and comparatively long and pleasant life people were considered adults by their teenage years but while a 15 year old might have been considered an adult technically the romans were fully aware of and often commented on the fact that what we call adolescents especially males tended to be rash wild and foolhardy and did not trust them with certain assignments and positions until their early twenties the word senator for example shares the same root as the word senile the latin word senex relating to age this is because the romans felt it best that they were governed by older experienced men many countries share this perspective today for example the age requirement to be president of the united states is 35. the romans would be stunned by our very large education systems in many developed countries education is a requirement there were schools and private tutors for children in rome but these were reserved for people who could afford them both girls and boys were educated but boys received a much more extensive education the rest of the population was simply trained in a trade or something along those lines overall most people had less freedom than we do today to decide what they wanted to do with their lives they would also be amazed by how available knowledge is to someone seeking it out in the developed world at worst much of what you want to know can be found by traveling to the local library but for most people we carry around enormous libraries in our pockets it's difficult to work out what the exact population of the empire was at its height despite how organized the romans were with regards to taking things like sentences much more so than their medieval descendants however the best guesses are somewhere between 50 million and 100 million again at its height with many experts leaning somewhere around 60 million today italy alone has 60 million inhabitants and there are a little under 700 million people living in the former borders of the empire altogether we pointed out in the medieval video that many medieval monarchs would be stunned by the size of our cities and indeed the romans would also marvel at the populations we could sustain today as well but some of their cities were large even by our standards rome for example perhaps boasted a population of a million people at its height a little over a third of the city's current population constantinople 2 had about half a million residents these cities were kept functioning by things like well-organized food production plumbing systems which brought water into the cities and brought waste out clear forethought on the part of city planners a well-established and enforced system of laws and the aforementioned emergency services in that respect they were a bit closer to us than our medieval ancestors these cities would be quite noticeably dirty compared to juarez however and more dangerous buildings could be large but were susceptible to fires and collapse and what would these romans look like well the romans have left us a lot of useful evidence to work out how they looked in the form of literary descriptions artwork and the famous busts these have been quite useful in allowing anatomically inclined artists to produce some very good guesses as to what many specific individuals looked like in real life which is very cool and absolutely worth looking into if we really wanted to i suppose we could find out by analyzing roman genomes as one might expect ancient italians look like modern italians and it seems to be the case that this is the standard across the empire's many regions there are some differences however one of which is vertical the romans were a bit shorter than us skeletal remains showed that ancient italian males were on average about five foot five or five foot six or one point six five meters women would have been shorter the romans described the barbarians north of them as tall as they were about five foot nine on average or about 1.75 meters which is the average height of a modern italian male likewise another difference was horizontal today about 20 percent of italians are overweight this is quite low actually compared to other developed countries but certainly higher than the romans the average roman would have been walking everywhere eating a simpler diet and doing strenuous activities throughout the day very few people would have been living what we call a sedentary lifestyle even among the upper classes it seems that very few emperors were obese at all very briefly i would like to interrupt and take a moment to shamelessly self-promote i've started a second youtube channel called lusinox where we focus on science i've recently made a documentary about extraterrestrial life and what it might be like if and when we encounter it if that's something that might interest you there will be a link to it in the description if not that's cool too back to the video the romans were clearly into music much as we are today were these romans to listen to modern music they would be able to say with more right than anyone else alive that they don't make it like they used to though we know that the romans quite enjoyed music and we know a fair amount about what it sounded like based off of the designs of their instruments we don't have clear specific records of a whole lot much of the roman sound unfortunately disappeared along with them moving into war the romans valued peace as we do but firmly believed that warfare and conquest was not simply a part of life but essential to who they were as a people the romans would almost certainly be very impressed by the modern militaries of our countries and hold great admiration for the technologies they wield in fact they might be surprised that certain countries weren't making more use of these militaries what exactly they would think of things like nuclear weapons however well who could say the romans were not afraid to assault non-combatants and do whatever it took to obtain success for the empire but they might feel that such weapons could be too destructive just as many people today fear perhaps they would arminius what nuke arminius chill as far as our governments go though these emperors had reigned as monarchs beginning with julius caesar overthrowing the republic to diocletian and constantine who more closely resembled medieval absolute monarchs they had a soft spot for democracy as romans tended to and may be pleased to see that a system similar to the one of the roman republic had survived so well our terms for these things even came from the ancients like republic which came from them and their term republica latin for the public thing and the greek democratia meaning rule of the people however our democracies are quite different from theirs this too would deserve a video of its own it's quite complicated and changed throughout time but essentially the romans had a much more rigid class system and suffrage was limited to only adult male citizens the patricians and plebians not all people were citizens and it wasn't until 212 a.d under karakala that citizenship expanded to all free men in the empire the lowest order slaves could never vote i mean you know how often can slaves vote of the citizens not all votes were regarded as equal either and those who were more wealthy and powerful in society had more power in politics and now perhaps the great question as these romans spent months years even adapting to and studying our civilization would they be able to offer us any advice none of these emperors reigned over rome in its absolute final days but diocletian and constantine did rule over a troubled empire and struggled to hold it together might they be able to recognize flaws or problems with our society that once they understood what happened to theirs they would realize lead to the destruction of civilizations this is a very popular topic among historians some of whom seek out similarities between us and rome to prevent meeting the same fate what could they warn us of well ultimately of course that's really an answer only they could give one of the great lessons of history is that it repeats and the great value in studying history is in learning to avoid making the same mistakes again this is a view which i have shared many times on this channel and which is something many students of history come to realize however i believe it also needs to be said that our civilization is significantly different from rome in many ways modern civilization has gone light years beyond what anyone else ever has many of the problems we face in today's world are unique to us no one else has been here before once they understood the issues we face they would be as stumped and perhaps divided as we are while learning from history is important the truth is we will have to figure out some things for ourselves furthermore civilization is a process for a lack of a better word a creation which outlasts us it's much bigger than any of us any single generation we have inherited what we have today from our ancestors we will make our contribution and we will pass it off to future generations when we die this is true of all civilizations no one lives to see the whole thing through it's sometimes easy to forget that when looking at these civilizations of history because we weren't there our understanding of rome comes to us through text and books or very wonderful youtube videos which crammed centuries numerous lifetimes into hours roman's civilization fell very slowly taking many generations some historians date the beginning of the decline as far back as the downfall of the republic and transition into empire a period of about 500 years it's paradoxical because this is when rome achieved its apex but there are some points to this argument when we think of a collapse as a very broad process rather than the final stage when things get obviously bad beyond repair certainly the process of collapse seems to have begun following the golden age in about 180 a.d when commodus became emperor point being because of all this their opinions of our world may be less useful than we would have hoped they would read our history books and discover what happened to rome in the centuries after their death and while they may be able to offer important insights as i said having taken part in much of this they too would be limited in understanding these grand processes but humans are humans they would see that in us and we would see that in them so again it wouldn't be surprising at all if they were able to come to some very insightful conclusions about the world from having lived in two civilizations were they to come through this time portal this may seem like a trivial thought experiment to some something which will almost certainly never happen and therefore there is no point in dedicating thought to these types of things but i believe that when we place ourselves next to the romans or any other civilization as best as we possibly can in a scenario like this it provides a lot of important insight into understanding them ourselves and humanity as a whole and that is what history is all about i hope you enjoyed this video if so i invite you to come check out the rest of fire of learning and to subscribe for more videos like this in the future like i said we did a similar video on medieval monarchs which you might enjoy as well you can help support the production of videos like these by donating to us on patreon the link to which is in the description i'd like to thank our current patrons once again listed here for their support we are also on instagram and twitter so come check us out there too thank you for watching

Channel: Fire of Learning

Views: 1,828,796

Rating: 4.9172769 out of 5

Keywords: Romans, Empire, Civilization, Change

Id: n2iNdLRTxWs

Length: 42min 57sec (2577 seconds)

Published: Sat Aug 15 2020