How did the Dutch create a colonial empire?

[Music] the Dutch colonial empire was made of the overseas trading posts and territories across the world controlled and administered by the Dutch trading companies Dutch West India and the Dutch East India Company also the territories which were administrated by the Dutch Republic between 1581 and 1795 and by the modern kingdom of the Netherlands after 1850 usage of the term Empire in relation to all of the overseas activities of the Dutch is debatable because many of the colonies were in fact trading posts governed by two independent trade companies the Dutch East India Company and the Dutch West India Company only after 1815 when the British returned some of the colonies to the Dutch after occupation during the Napoleonic war did the kingdom take charge of the administration of the colonies and where the names changed to an official colonial status until recently Dutch historians were quite hesitant to use the words imperialism and Empire nowadays they use it but mainly to refer to it in a more European aspect and most of the time only when looking at the period 1880 to 1940 the territories that would later form the Dutch Republic began as a lease Federation known as the seventeen provinces which Charles v Holy Roman Emperor and as Carlos the first king of Spain inherited and brought under his direct rule in 1543 in 1566 in these regions a Protestant Dutch Revolt broke out against the rule of the Roman Catholic Spain sparking the eighty Years War the Spanish Dutch war was for the Dutch part of their struggle for independence and religious freedom during the eighty years war it was largely fought on the European continent but war was also conducted against Philip the seconds overseas territories including Spanish colonies and the Portuguese metro poles colonies trading posts and forts belonging at the time to the king of Spain and Portugal led by William of Orange independence was declared in the 1581 act the revolt resulted in the establishment of a de facto independent Protestant Republic in the north by Treaty of Antwerp 1609 although Spain did not officially recognize Dutch independence until 1648 the hope of finding a way to the rich spice trades of the Indies made the Europeans focus on exploration more and more from 1517 port of Lisbon in Portugal was the main European market for products from India and the Far East that was attended by other nations and merchants to purchase their needs but as a result of Portugal's incorporation in the Iberian Union with Spain by Philip a second in 1580 all Portuguese territories were there after Spanish Habsburg branch territory and by being a part of this large monarchy the Portuguese markets were closed to the United Provinces thus in 1595 the Dutch decided to set sail on their own to acquire products for themselves and to build and establish some possession territories and trading posts in Asia to boost their economy through trade in a period marked by exploration and by the special needs of some people focusing on their main objective for an alternate route to Asia for trade the Dutch were disrupting the Spanish Portuguese trade and they eventually ranged as far as the Philippines they sought to dominate the commercial sea trade in Southeast Asia so the main focus was the naval and commercial one war with the Dutch led to attacks on most of Portugal's trading network in Asia diminishing their trading power the grand design of the West India Company involved again the goal to attack directly the trading power of the Portuguese in their colonies in Brazil and Africa seizing both the sugarcane plantations and the slave ports needed to resupply their labor from 1630 onward the Dutch Republic conquered almost half of Brazil settled European area at the time with their capital in his CFA the governor johan moritz invited artists and scientists to the colony to help promote brazil and increase emigration however the tide turned against the Dutch when the Portuguese won a significant victory at the Second Battle of water phase in 1649 unlike in Asia Dutch successes against the Portuguese in Brazil in Africa were short-lived years of settlement had left large Portuguese communities under the rule of the Dutch who are by nature traitors rather than colonists in 1645 the portuguese community at Pernambuco rebelled against the dutch and by 1650 for the dutch had been ousted from brazil in the intervening years a Portuguese expedition had been sent from Brazil to recapture Luanda in Angola by 1648 the Dutch were expelled from there also on the northeast coast of North America the West India Company took over a settlement that had been established by the company of New Netherland 1614 to 1618 at for orange at Albany on the Hudson River to protect its precarious position at Albany from the nearby English and French colonies which were growing more and more the company founded the fortified town of New Amsterdam in 1625 at the mouth of the Hudson encouraging settlement of the surrounding area of Long Island and New Jersey in 1644 the English took over New Amsterdam and renamed it New York there's more to talk about this important loss and the loss of the lands previously gained in South America but about the details behind the collapse of the Dutch Empire and its possessions across its existence we will discuss in the next video by the middle of the 17th century the Dutch East India Company had overtaken Portugal as the denominator in the spice and silk trade and in 1652 founded a colony at the Cape of Good Hope on the southern african coast dutch emigration in the cape rapidly swelled as prospective colonists were offered generous grants of land and tax exempt status in exchange for producing the food needed to resupply passing ships the Cape authorities also imported a number of Europeans of other nationalities namely Germans and French as well as thousands of slaves from the East Indies to bolster the local Dutch workforce the Dutch colony at the Cape of Good Hope expanded beyond the initial settlement and its borders were formally consolidated in time the colony expanded and it was pretty important for the road between the mainland Netherlands and the trading posts and colonies in the spicy islands of southeastern Asia but here was some problems due to the fact that authorities were unable to control their own settlers who disregarded an agreement made with some local chieftains and crossed into zojja territory sparking long colonial conflicts between them and the natives many other wars and conflicts happened in which the Netherlands were involved against the natives these moments of their history will shape their colonial empire some territories were gained the details of these events will be explained in the video about their collapse only in the early 20th century did Dutch dominance extend to what was to become the boundaries of modern-day Indonesia although highly populated in agriculturally productive during the course of the 18th and 19th century the Dutch had established themselves with the dominating economic and political power on Java after the crumbling and collapse of the matter of Empire this had been a major power and Asian trade since the early 1600s but started to develop an interest to interfere with indigenous politics on the island of Java in the 18th century as that would improve their whole in the local economy the 19th century is also known as the century in which the Dutch made substantial geographical expansion in the archipelago driven by the new imperialism mentality European nations were competing for colonies outside the European continent for both economic motives and status one important motive for the Dutch was to expand its territory in the archipelago apart from financial benefit was to prevent other European countries from taking parts in this region the Dutch followed Portugal and Spain in establishing a colonial global Empire outside the continental Europe like the Portuguese they focused on small possessions forts and trading posts for economic reasons and didn't manage to push so much in territories due to probably unnecessary reasons to do so backed by the lack of manpower and distance Netherlands was a small country compared to other European powers this video was about their ascension but more details about their struggle to build their empire in their collapse you will find in the next video about them until then be sure to subscribe to our channel for more history videos and click the bell button also we cannot end this video without thanking our few but very generous supporters on patreon your support is much appreciated and it helps our work a lot we're looking to expand our channel and to hire a professional scriptor and by doing so you will receive more videos monthly in terms of quantity and professionalism you can pledge your support by accessing the link down in the description thanks for your consideration [Music] 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Channel: Knowledgia

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Keywords: How did the Dutch create a colonial empire?, How did the Dutch Rise to power, How did the Dutch Empire started, How did the dutch colonize, How did the Dutch started to colonize the world, The start of the Dutch Empire, Dutch Empire, Dutch, Holland, Netherland empire, Netherlands, Rise and Fall of Dutch Empire, Evolution of the Dutch Empire, Why did the Dutch colonize?, What countries were in the Dutch empire?, What colonies did the Dutch establish?, Dutch Colonization

Id: zNEUvWiXwgY

Length: 10min 6sec (606 seconds)

Published: Sun Apr 21 2019