Excursion within the "Sarcophagus"

the accident at Chernobyl NPP unit 4 destroyed the reactor core and significant part of the technical equipment and building constructions of the unit all at the same time barriers and safety systems prevented distribution of radionuclides contained in irradiated nuclear fuel were destroyed after the first meeting of the governmental Commission the question arose about the long-term preservation of unit 4 by constructing of a structure which would prevent release of radioactive substances of ionizing radiation outside the destroyed power unit now we cannot see the shelter object in the original you know that at the end of 2016 in November the new safe confinement in form of arch was installed in the design position over the shelter object therefore now all the information can be provided only on the basis of the mock-up installed at the observation pavilion construction was started immediately after the accident in 1986 real physical walk on the shelter construction at the site of the destroyed unit all started already in made it was necessary as soon as possible to provide a barrier on the way of very powerful radioactive releases especially intensive within the first 10 days after the accident the governmental Commission decided to start dropping from the helicopter materials intended to localize the sources of releases into the reactor shaft during the first day 45 flights were performed on April the 28th pilot helicopter 90 times flew to the unit pool and by May the first the number of flights was increased in 15 times [Music] this facility was built as a localizing encasement for hundreds and hundreds tones of fuel containing materials formed as a result of the explosion of the Chernobyl unit for the construction of the facility continued six months already in November of 1986 the facility was completed these were the days weeks and months of very hard daily walk of thousands and thousand persons walked associated with the daily risk to health risk to people's life you can imagine that more than 90,000 persons were involved in construction on the facility during the first tube was accidental years of course the plans operational personnel plans walkers fire guard were the first explosive explosion namely these people accepted the heaviest impact of radiation they were involved in the very first most those related walks on elimination of the accidents of accident consequences these people were well aware of the risks and hassles these people performed they assigned to them tasks and these tasks were fulfilled the main tasks after the accident were the following to stop the self-sustaining reaction localized the fire which overtook the premises of the destroyed unit the minimize radiation releases to cool down the fuel containing masses and to prevent them from moving downwards to the sub reactor premises all actions carried out at the site were aimed to perform this task in general it was necessary to take the situation on the control to construct the shelter object people walked anywhere sever radiation conditions in the immediate vicinity to the destroyed unit for the gamma radiation level reached 500 run gains per hour [Music] directly near the destroyed reactor radiation levels reached 5000 ring games per hour people walked on the minute and during those minutes they received annual radiation doses of course the personal rotation was permanent the most difficult task was to build a roof above the shelter object so called light roof first of all b1 and b2 support beams were laid it was visually identified that the unit structures were not destroyed but it was not expedient to speak about long-term stability in particular I am talking about ventilation shots on which there is support beams relate in the western end these beams relate on the western wall that perhaps was the most difficult part in the light through construction and pipe covering was laid on these beams that is 27 volts over other large diameter they were laid on the Lord bearing roof beams initially it was decided to concrete the roof but then this decision had to be rejected since there was a threat of its collapse it was necessary to create a structure which should be lightweight and durable at the same time the solution was found still shades late unemployed covering northern zone structures northern hockey-stick shield and southern zone structures the frame would the weight about 1,000 tons are also supported by these supporting beams the northern zone of the object now this is the cascade wall is famous for the fact that radioactive garbage fragments of destroyed structures were bulldozed here all that was poured by concrete boxes were created and on them some 12 meter steps the saghafi gulf builders moved closer to the destroyed reactor further a small budget was created the northern hockey stick shields were installed on the roof supporting beams which in turn was supported by small budgets here on the mock-up you can see the cross-section of the northern zone this is the Cascade wall we talked about it earlier the levels of gamma radiation after the accident in this zone reached up to 2000 reign gains per hour three batching plants were built in the immediate vicinity to the side this plant supplied concrete for construction it was pumped inside the object completely filling the premises in particular the northern main circulation pumps premise you can see that is completely concreted this is RBMK high powered channel type reactor we can see the reactor core which was completely destroyed at the moment of explosion before the accident the reactor was loaded completely it contained 2,000 tons of uranium at the moment of explosion part of the fuel was thrown out on the facility the upper cover of the reactor construction which design position is horizontal was lifted during explosion to a height of about 30 meters after destroying the roof it dropped down and placed almost vertically slightly downward to the reactor shaft the weight of this construction which is known as skin eat of skin yelena is more than 2,000 tonnes based on that we can assume what all the explosive force as a result of it part of the fuel was thrown out of the facility and the West territory from the Chernobyl site itself and further through the territory of Ukraine Belarus Russia Eastern and Western Europe in total this is more than 200,000 square kilometers more than 30 years have passed since the accident but the risks from the destroyed reactor are still present the main danger is a presence of a huge quantity of fuel containing materials formed as a result of the explosion temperatures at the moment of the accident reached colossal values about two thousand seven degrees [Music] on May the 6th the bottom slab of the reactor was burned up and the melting masses began their movement downwards into the under reactor premises this float down lava flows are shown here on the mock-up during this period of the accident consequences elimination the main task was to stop these lava flows since there was a risk that melted fuel containing masses could melt the foundation slab and penetrate into Souls and groundwater it was decided to build so-called traps for fuel containing masses to construct an additional cooling horizon constructively this was a reinforced concrete slab which has to be constructed under the foundation of the unit Hall before to start construction it was necessary to deliver all materials inside therefore initially a tunnel was built under the unit for building at the depth of 12 meters miners from Ukraine young 20 30 year old guys not protected edict adequately from ionizing radiation in some cases with the lack of personal protective equipment took part in construction of this tunnel and on the foundation slab additional cooling horizon was built parts of very large diameter were installed directly in the body of this slab it was assumed that cold water would be found to them to cool down the fuel containing masses but this facility wasn't commissioned since the Geo containing message spontaneously stopped in the under reactor premises and at the moment we have 1300 of so called STM in the on the reactor space of the uniform fuel containing materials are nuclear fuel damaged as a result of beyond design accident independently of its physical and chemical taste these are the fuel assemblies currently located inside of the solvent cooling pool this is Indus first radioactive dust there's a fragment of the reactor core these are various alloys and melt were chemical compounds lava-like fuel containing masses these are all materials containing nuclear fuel in a volume equal to or exceeding one percent plus really active waste thousands and thousands of cubic meters of liquid and solid radioactive waste thirty-three thousand cubic meters is only high-level waste and all these materials required permanent monitoring and control of their states and behavior among the tasks solved after the accident first rule of the class was to stop the further development of the chain reaction to localize the fire within the damaged premises or the first unit to minimize the reactive releases to cool down nuclear fuel and fuel containing matters and for the purpose a huge amount of various materials he was drawn inside the facility from helicopters then play the Dolomites and so on and here on the mock-up you can see this material that didn't drop directly into the damaged reactor plus of course there were in constructions of the central for itself here we see the drum separators which provided water and heat removal for the Turbine Hall what follows is the part of the reloading machine only its remaining parts the total weight of this reloading machine is 460 tons this allows to imagine the force of explosion acute at chernobyl npp unit four here on the mock-up we also can see a part of the main circulation pumps in total during the reactor operation there were eight pumps usually six pumps are in operation and two are instant and here we see the northern part of the main circulation pumps and the Southside here we see drum separators these huge machines bumped through the large volume of circulating water coming from the main circulation pumps by the way the main circulation pump was eight thousand cubic meters of water per hour and delivered this water to the drum separators further we see the reactor itself and it's called here are two diagnostic boys in which equipment is located to measure radiation levels as well as other parameters necessary to know the situation inside the destroyed unit here we see the central or reactor hall premises with collapsed structures we see the remains of those materials that were dropped from the helicopters at the time of extinguishment here in central hall as well as the premises where the drum separator are located this is a mammoth been performing the support function for the shelter object construction here we can see installed the suppression system intended for suppression of a dust accumulated in the central hall premises next we will see a fragment of the unit for control panel from where the unit four was operated and controlled it is located on the south side of the unit for building also on the mock-up we see the decline walls and this is not the error of the building designer or this mock-up manufacturers as a result of an accident these walls were displaced and part of the premises was filled with the concrete in order to reinforce those walls and turmoil possible collapse we also see a fragment of a sleeve of support installed here within two premises of the unit four and provide in the collapse of the deaerators tech panels and walls and the mock-up we also see a ventilation stack Kevin a high of 150 meters at the top point this pipe was operated for went elation of the unitary and 4 until 2013 after that it was dismantled and instead of it a new bike was built which is located in the area of this situation [Music] [Music] you [Music]

Channel: Chornobyl NPP

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Keywords: Excursion within the Sarcophagus, How to Build the Shelter Object, chernobyl new arch, ChNPP, Construction of a new Sarcophagus, Shelter, Shelter object transformation into environmentally safe system, ChNPP Shelter, Chernobyl Sarcophagus today, Chernobyl sarcophagus, Radioactive Waste disposal sites on the territory of Ukraine, chernobyl, rbmk reactor, chernobyl elephant's foot, inside chernobyl sarcophagus, rbmk, chernobyl reactor 4 inside, rbmk 1000, チェルノブイリ石Sarツアー

Id: 9WVMMJ7O2Zc

Length: 16min 12sec (972 seconds)

Published: Thu Jun 29 2017