Ep : 1 | What is Philosophy? Dr. Vikas Divyakirti

Hello. Welcome to one and all in this new series. It’s been in the discussion for a long time Let there be some talk about philosophy. After much thought. Many times I felt that I don't know whether it will be okay or not. It also happens that a subject is very difficult. If it is complicated, is the society ready for it or not? This is also a dilemma. But then I thought let's try an experiment. and I think after a couple of hours of discussion today either your interest will increase a lot Or it’ll be gone forever, but something will happen. After today’s class or rather after today's discussion So what is philosophy? to understand this Let me start with a very beautiful poem. Poet Sarveshwar Dayal Saxena in modern Hindi literature you might have heard his name, was a very famous poet. one of my favorite poets When I was in school I would recite his poem a lot on stage. So he has a poem. after getting shot Ram emerged from the mouth of one. and Mao came out of the other's mouth And the potato came out of the mouth of the third There is a post mortem report. the first two were full it's over and if you could understand this verse So you are all set to understand Philosophy. The meaning of this poem is that whether you want Ram, that is, the supporter of religion Or, you are a supporter of Mao i.e. Leftist Marxism. any ideology of any philosophy The first condition of being a supporter or an opponent is that the stomach should be Full. If the stomach is full then thoughts will come in the mind. If the stomach is empty then the dream also comes of bread. Everything happens on a full stomach. Some people say that Philosophy is the philosophy of people with a full stomach, whose stomach is full. What do they do in their spare time? it's a hobby it can be a good thing so try to understand What is philosophy, what we call ‘darshan’ in India, what is that? And then I will link you to this poem after a while. What was the purpose of starting the conversation with this poem. The number of times you must have heard the word Philosophy in common language. You must have heard the word ‘Darshan’. Where would you have heard? If someone around you is talking very deep, you get scared what would you say? Friend, you are a philosopher, you are a philosophical type of person. You would say this Sometimes you would speak like this, don't become a philosopher Live your life quietly, what nonsense are you talking about but You must have noticed a few things. As you must have noticed that when we study You pursue B.Sc. B.Com or BA. then you pursue M.Sc M.Com M.A As soon as you move ahead All go for MPhil degree, Master of Philosophy What happens with science commerce art that Everything becomes philosophy in the end, But after MPhil, if you go further then PhD Doctorate in philosophy Means after reading every subject, in the end you have to go to Philosophy only. And it is said that everything also starts with philosophy, The human being from the beginning used to be very restless. Used to be very upset. i will explain to you the event of history where this happened? You think today you live a very good life. What is our main concern today that my posts On social media got likes Or not, is our main concern these days. In that era The main concern was that you live on a tree. it rained suddenly It is hailing. You are unable to understand what is happening, untimely flood has come, why has it come? Why is it raining? Why did the big storm come? Why do you feel sleepy? Why does wake up? Where does the sun come from? Where does moon come from? Nobody knows anything. There were people full of curiosity. Everyone sleeps every day. Wakes up everday. One day someone did not wake up at all he started to stink. After a while people are trying to wake him up. And are worried about him. Later they understood that he might not arise now. He has died. Then one day that man came in the dream, now you are worried that he was dead. Then came what is going on inside the dream. Somebody did bad Suddenly a stone fell on him So people have bad results for bad deeds. Many analysis visualizations Have been done by people after intense thinking. Which we call philosophy or ‘darshan’ in common language, but We will reach there. Let's understand a little. Today's discussion is a very basic discussion, let’s only understand this. What is philosophy? so that you can understand that if there is a lot of learning ahead For you or not, See there are two words. One word Darshan, one word Philosophy and in Hindi and English that's the most common word we have So some people say that darshan, is the translation of philosophy or vice a versa. it is not so, both are different words Translations are not exact. Darshan will study language If you read philosophy, there is also a very important essence in it. that any two words in the world are not completely synonymous. Or there are no synonyms, there remains a little gap in it. Indian tradition coined the word darshan And the root word of the word darshan is ‘drishya’ and ‘drishya’ means the process of seeing so what does it mean to see the act of seeing If you see now, we are also there, you are seeing me at this time But I would not say that you are a philosopher. Seeing also happens on many levels as we often say in the world of emotion intelligence you see someone and see in a flat way, the other can see that Both have seen what is going on in his mind but only one could see. felt the second. If someone is laughing, these is a poet named dushyant kumar you must have heard He is a very famous poet, he is the most famous poet of Hindi. wrote a couplet Only the poet sees the reality of the sayings Guffaw understand the laughter Only the poet sees the reality of the sayings Not everyone has such vision. If four people are laughing then Only the poet could see how real it is And how many people are hiding their sorrow. You are smiling so much What is the sorrow that you are hiding, at least this is a darshan That you could see what other people could not. And this philosophy, to see emotions, This is called emotional intelligence, We are not talking about that today. we're talking about the world and all the things to see something which are invisible to the naked eye And that's why you might have heard a term. You've heard that we have eyes There is a word in Sanskrit for the eyes. ‘Chakshu’ Have you heard the word Chakshu you must have heard another word And that's the word. ‘gyan chakshu’ And many times people say that today my eyes of knowledge have opened. This is an idiom. It works in common language Gyan chakshu They speak, somewhere the eyes of wisdom speak. Pragya is considered to be the highest level of intelligence. Somewhere in philosophy a word works. divine eye that today The divine eye has opened, Now I can see something that was not visible before. It happens Until we go deep, we feel that there is no depth in the world. We understand only after landing And so the easiest. The easiest evil to dismiss is to dismiss Its difficult. It is okay to be able to say this after understanding after going deep. that's wrong So philosophy in India means. by going to the level of Pragya Chakshu Gyan Chakshu in this world to be in a position to understand the mysteries of life Broadly speaking, let me tell you what happens When we study philosophy, we will go into some more depth. though never go as deep as MA degree. in UPSC exam We will only understand philosophy as much as a common man can understand. And he get a chance to improve his life. The main purpose of this channel which I told you is that The level of discussions should be better. Why do we always have to listen to Baba's about philosophy in the society? Listen yourself, become Baba yourself, what is the problem in that. We can all become our own Baba of our own share. Why would you learn from someone else, learn from yourself So you must have heard that once Mahatma Buddha did penance for about six years. After that he attained knowledge. You must have read from history what kind of knowledge was that One of the founders of Jainism Tirthankar Mahavir Jain is the most respected or so says lord mahavir He did penance for 12 years Then he got knowledge, only knowledge is spoken in Jain philosophy. in Jain philosophy Guru Nanak once Was troubled in the search for knowledge. It is said that once he crossed the river, went to a forest area. stayed there for a few days maybe three days and then he felt That they have got realization first. Maharishi Arvind was a freedom fighter in the war, then he went to jail. He spent one year in solitary confinement in jail. There he had a realization and when he came out he felt That the national movement is a big deal but not a very big deal. Now I have to do something bigger than that. This realization happened. Adiguru Shankaracharya who talks about Advaita Vedanta. he talked about what is knowledge At some time, When I was a athiest type of person, I used to laugh at all these things that this is useless talk, what knowledge has it become. We are studying so much GS, reading books, we are not getting knowledge But it happens that a foolish person talks more. Slowly when you start understanding, you start speaking less. understand that the depth is not only within us, deeper than us- Deep down there have been many people in the world, better than us, There are countless people in the world deeper than us The opening of the eye of wisdom speaks of this knowledge, isn't it? speaking the language of philosophy that whatever we understand in the world We understand in categories. yes-no, good-bad After a time now the situation of thinking free from these categories come in in Jainism There’s a deep thought Sayadwad, we will understand soon, maybe in two to four days Means two to four days, videos probably come after 7-7 days after a month in mind so deep Jain philosophy said on the level of knowledge in Syadvad which nowadays we call artificial intelligence and if its very deep base has to be found So you will see in Jain philosophy, then when your abilities of knowledge suddenly increase, open up And you start seeing such truths which were not visible before so we say that the eyes Are same, but with the same eyes, something else is visible now. Something very deep. There’s an idiom reading between the lines, what is written in the first line And What is written in the second line. Deep people can read what’s hidden among them. deep people can read the gap between the words And deep people don't say by saying. If they don't say anything, that also signify they are saying something. They read the silence too This is called Gyanchakshu Pragyachchu You are already open, it looks like it is, but it does not mean that it is easy. It is difficult The world of the West is different, India is a common thing in the world. Total 9 Darshan in India Let’s say there are 9 established philosophies Charvak is one of these, if you leave it. The remaining eight believe that this world is full of sorrows and the process of being free from sorrows is the basic aim of religion, of philosophy The eight have the answer for how to be free from sorrows. Moksha, Liberation, Mukti Nirvana, Kaivalya. Apavarga, it has many names. And everyone has told their own methods. that how it'll all be so indian nature of philosophy generally is of a spiritual type too, leave Charvak. If the world of the western world is a little bit different But in the west the word philosophy Which is a word made up of two words. Philos and the other is sophia Philos means love ‘Mohabbat’, ‘ishq’, ‘prem’ sofia means knowledge if you fall in love with ‘gyan’ not from the person named Gyan knowledge.. fall in love with knowledge Wisdom and this knowledge Knowledge is too soft a word for this ‘gyan’. This is wisdom, knowledge does not mean information. Many such fools you will meet, will say that I remember the capitals of all the states of India you What happened by remembering the capital? Well then, that's a good thing. you have a good memory, appreciate it Some people remember the capital of every country in the world remember their postures too And this happens with some children as well. He also appears on TV and one of his children should be seen on TV. In every other house the child gets beaten Then after that. Whereas if I remember the capital of all the countries, then what happened to that. The capital remained the same place even after that, what happened to it. Just proved that I have a good memory, I am a good parrot Have a good memory. having a good memory is not a bad thing But misusing memory is a bad thing And this misuse of memory after one level If you have memory, then remember good things, what will happen to the capitals a thousand more wonderful things could happen to remember they must pay attention so no memory wisdom and wisdom means prudence wisdom Ability to differentiate between right and wrong. This is called wisdom or discretion But the person who has conscience. He usually becomes polite. In the Indian tradition it is said, Vidya Dadati Vinayam If Vidya is real then he will be humble And in the West, Socrates said, People said to Socrates, this is very good, Socrates said That very few people know that they know very little. and i'm one of them And to know is that I do not know. That's all you have to know. these are the signs of a wise man And what are the signs of a fool, I know everything This is the first sign of a fool. Fools have more of this confidence And they look very confident so you can guess And confidence is not visible in anyone but the things are deep Even then you can guess. so some people fell in love By knowledge That they want to know, they also want to understand. they also want to understand So you would think. how much these people must have read so like you people After doing his work, he fulfills his hobbies in his free time. If they play, talk to friends, then it is their hobby. read, learn, observe, talk from a sensible person John DV a good philosopher originated in america in the 20th century He said something very deep. In the philosophy of education, his name is used the most these days. He said that education is not the preparation for life and Preparation of Life, Education is the Life in Itself Education is not preparation for life. Education is life. Knowledge is life. To be a sensible person is to be persistent in the process of becoming. What can be a better life than this and there are people like this who are so fond of knowing Sometimes sat down with a book, sometimes sat down with a book they want to know something every day Some are thinking that I should eat this, I should eat that. Some are thinking that I should know, that I should know So, if someone gets through knowledge, study, contemplation By contemplating, by learning, by observing, by knowing So understand that that person has started on the path of philosophy, but philosophers differ beard grows Generally, the clothes turn out to be of different types. People start panicking. from them but they are very deep people So how did it travel to that depth Will try to understand it a bit. beyond this is the philosophy where did it start I mean I want to tell you that some people you will find such Beliefs especially in different religions They feel that our thinking tradition, It has been going on since eternity, it has been going on since time immemorial. it's not my job to promote superstitions I am not a blind believer, but my impression is that without respecting the science In today's time we cannot understand philosophy. The things which science has proved or almost proved. If you take them along with you, then you will be able to understand your time properly. Otherwise we will become a new kind of superstitious people. People will become superstitious, don't do that. All we have to do is fill it with curiosity. We don't have to make theories, we don't have to make any claims, we just want to know what has been learned in the world And let's learn a little bit from that, do our part. that's all to do Look, it's very interesting. I talk of history Akbar, Babur and Ashoka and i'm not talking about That is a very small part. At what level are you looking at things, that too is a question, isn't it? Think about the history of the whole universe. Brahmanda means the whole cosmos, the whole world. Not Earth. all the galaxies together He is called the whole universe. creation calls him That whole world. Now there is also the question of how the world was created. Religions gave the easiest answer to this. God created talk over These things are soul, God, rebirth. These are very easy answers. Of very difficult things, in some cases may even be right. In any case questions may arise, And then also write songs. Are you the creator of the world, why the world? made Don't know who made this and they are busy asking questions What was created, why was it created, all those questions and answers are going on, The history of the world now If you believe the evidence of scientists believed to be that's about 450 million years ago The existence of this world began. I am speaking 450 crores, not 450. Four Point 450 million years ago that's five billion years If you are very confident You are very proud of yourself, you will be fine in a while. Just understand what is our status in this whole world? 450 million years ago This world was created... The Big Bang people believe so. or those who study Based on that estimate when the process started So, what is the estimate of today. 450 million years ago. May be a little too much, will be adjusted tomorrow But as of now only 450 crore years is considered. so we just assume Okay, so this is done, the world is done. i.e. the world you opened your eyes to Do you have this 450 crores in your mind who is the creator of the world? talking about years ago, There was no life in that world. Life was not there. There was not even a plant. had nothing. According to today's belief, 370 crore years ago from today life was seen for the first time Seen means from the studies, Life must have come around for the first time How did life come now? whether at that time Did the soul come for the first time or did the consciousness come, all these are matters of research. But first life and first life is a simple matter. Human was not there,,,, of evolution Nowadays people have more faith in theory. Creationism as a Philosophy Which means that God created this world There is one and this world of evolutionaryism keeps on developing It happened automatically what people like Darwin say, there is a middle way that maybe god created a basic structure and then through evolution The world has become like this. Which of these is true will be known with time. But these days everyone believes that the basic structure As it was After that the world progressed only through evolution. we are all in the same process Things started forming 370 million years ago. Life, species went on, went on, went on and it is believed that if the total species If you see in this world, their number Could be around a trillion. One trillion understand what happens? There is a billion. 100 crores Add three more zeros to it. one lakh crore around one lakh crore Total species can be in this universe, of which Botany, Zoology people are tired of studying So till now a total of eighteen lakh i.e. 1.8 billion Have been able to keep the name. have recognized them and they estimate that the species that was Or are they all got a trillion There can be species around 1 lakh crores. Growth is understanding how much is there in the world at this time, 84 lakhs in our Indian tradition Yonis are mentioned. That too is something like how many species there must have been. But science has increased to 1 trillion. Out of which 18 lakh have been named. we are only one of these Don't want to be a hero anymore, philosophy The advantages of reading are many, one is that Being a hero ends without talking These are also benefits, no one should hang in the air without any reason, It is also a good thing to bring him to the ground. Now this species is undergoing the process of increasing evolution. Many types of species are coming and what happened in the process about 12 million years ago today i.e. from today onwards 1.2 cr, 1 cr approx somewhere between A great event happened. At that time there was a species whose name we speak primate if you are a science student Or are they from Anthropology or History, then you must have heard. primates are our ancestors someone asks you where your ancestors came from so say our ancestors 370 million years First monkey is very recent, brother monkey is cousin Brother happened.... Ancestors are very old brother Our tradition is going on for 370 crore years In that we have evolved from where will we evolve 10 million years ago today which were primates These primates are believed to be divided into two classes What were these two classes? Why am I telling all this? I want to tell you philosophy From where is it being born, where will philosophy come from now? Not even a human being has come from Russia, where will philosophy come from? And of human civilization if I assume that 1 it's been a million years At least 2.5 million years or 3 million years have been in dead condition And take the whole philosophy in 3 lakh years is in 3 thousand years in 3-4 thousand years The first 2,99,000 of the 3 lakh years of our human civilization or at least not 94,000-95,000 years of philosophy, no science Why isn't it? If you know this, your feet will remain stable. on the ground one of the primates way What happened later on which is Great Apps And great apes means chimpanzee-like. The kind of creatures that humans are not considered close enough to, but live on the tree, walk on four legs, they are great apes that have been pushed aside by primates You must have heard the name of Gorilla. You must have heard the name of Orangutan. All these are the people of that group, let us understand that uncle-warts type Understand that they are some distance away. go sometime The zoo has to salute him by calling him uncle. The treatment is not to die, that uncle is in a distant relation. which was another tradition, What happened in this tradition that this species, It slowly descended from the trees to the ground Change from four legs to two legs is called bipedalism. Two legged creatures first time in the world, two legs The biggest turning point in the history of mankind, free two hands We were running with four, two became free, what to do now? These two hands gave the whole culture, The entire industry, the entire civilization was destroyed. Had it not been for these two hands, it would still be running The biggest turning point is get on our feet When he came on two legs, he stood straight, he could see far away. Grass was visible in the distance. Trees are visible in the distance, where can we eat. began to develop Wasn't good at running. It was easy to defeat them. which preyed on them more easily than other species So at one time they started living in herds as well. but the biggest thing happened His brain development started. Their brain size started increasing And it happens You must have heard two or three names, must have heard one name Australopithecus Have you ever heard this word? It lasted about 3 million years, Australopithecus Which basically means that there was a creature of the South. Now you must have heard the name of Neanderthal, Neanderthal who was they whole The species with the largest brain has happened in history till date. It ended later. Australopithecus also died out and doing 25 a million years ago today make a structure which is called homo habilis listen to the word homo Understand that he is your close relative. This is starting to be the beginning of our species from here And even after this 25 lakhs, there would have been many transfers. 3 lakh years ago, the one who is called, homo sapiens that we are 370 in the history of this whole universe in the history of crores of lives Our time is of 3 lakh years in total. as homo sapiens and homo Whatever happened after becoming Sapiens was amazing. 1 lakh crore of the species Suddenly a species has taken over the whole world. Coincidentally it is Making life difficult for everyone else, that is a different thing. But we got everything, man started getting everything. and this homo in the development of sapiens which began 3 million years ago A very big incident happened 75 thousand years ago. if you read the book now what i'm talking about That book is mentioned, you must have heard the name of Yuvalnau Harari. A book named Sapiens came out, Sapiens and Brief History of Man He specifically mentioned he mentioned one incident that the cognitive revolution 75,000 years ago ie one The cognitive revolution took place in this world of Homo Sapiens. the authors who Is the person of Israel. Is a very deep thinker. At present he is one of the most read persons in the world. 75,000 years ago an intellectual or ideological Or cognitive revolution happened. That is, the mental abilities of this Homo Sapiens suddenly started increasing. Means increased a lot in the process But at this time it started appearing. many capacities increased, but the capacity at which They have put too much emphasis that is on imagining Capacity Imagination ability to imagine. For the first time a species started having imaginations. Cats cannot fantasize. Rats, donkeys, horses cannot imagine. we can We can imagine anything. We can imagine the other world. We can imagine God, we can imagine the soul. Can think about rebirth. Can imagine about heaven. Can imagine hell, can imagine ghosts, Because we have the ability to imagine. Those who don't have the ability they can't it's a simple matter Intelligence developed in us The development of intelligence did not happen suddenly, it is a continuous process. We are intellectual, we can think, we can reason, we can strategize. We can do reasoning. Can draw logical conclusions You can do deduction, you can do induction. The third thing is that our memory, if will see animals. they have little to no memory Something happened, they will remember for a while and then they will forget. Will not remember the talk for four days And if you ask them after three years. Tell three big events of your life in the past, that too in sequence. If you remember, you will not come in sequence. The sequence also remains in our memory. the linkage remains and because we have such memory And we have such thinking capacity, we have such imagination capacity. have the ability to be creative And all these things combined put us in a situation that we have first created language any other species don't have as advanced a language as we do We would have shared so much because language And if there is language, then you can think more Because when we learn a language, we also think along with it. Animals have language, birds have language, But it is very basic language which can tell only this. To their mother that they am hungry or are angry Expressing the 8-10 basic emotions. it's up to them but Expressing complex ideas is not their cup of tea But we can do that. We have Language and this language did such a wonders And what is the reason for the cognitive revolution that happened. The size of our brains increased, I'll come to that next Or first understand this a little then come back to this Some people believe Is that the size of our brain has proved to be very crucial. Consider a very simple example. How to measure brain size, then measure brain volume like a skull How much sand can be filled in that skull, It determines how much volume is there. Some people call this the cephalic index. so that was homohablis 2.5 million years ago about 500 to 700 in his mind There was a space of cubic centimetres. Think of this skull as the size of a hand This homohebilis had a space of 500 to 700 cubic centimeters. that Can be considered the oldest member of our family And today's Homo Sapiens. How much is theirs So So in that men have a little bit more than women. men become very heroes on this basis but there is no need to take more load than this but yes it is true that it is 1260 cubic Centimeter is the brain size of today's common man and Homo habilis is around 600 more than double which is typical of women That is around 1170. It will be a little less than its surroundings but almost in the same range. Some people say that this has become a great thing, But an elephant has four times more than a human. so why don't elephants have language elephant philosophy why no philosopher does elephant you see it It is true that the elephant Cephalic index is the brain capacity of an elephant, which is more than that of a human. at least four times more And not only humans, they are dolphins, dolphins of many. If it is more than us, then these scientists got upset again, then all of them Why didn't philosophy development science development happen? In the end, a formula has been worked out while doing it. The formula states that The size of the brain is proportional to the structure of the body, in that matter man is at the forefront and perhaps because of the human No other species has such capabilities. Although Dolphins Have Some Intelligence, Parrots Have Memory Gets well. some species have some But not as much as we have. Yes, after 15, 20, 25 years from now if Elon Musk's bus runs these things will become obsolete because in his laboratory some monkeys are playing video games nowadays Because he made a chip. neurolink one The company has made a chip and fitted it in his brain and that sixth Video as a 7th grade maths student started playing games It is possible is that from today 100, 200 After years the dogs, cats and monkeys who are around you are in their mind. chip in and become a philosopher Right now it is not like that. someday neurolink There is a very interesting topic, will we ever talk about the brain? What level of flirting. At present many companies are doing Neurolink, one of them is a great company. Excibor concept comes cyber netic organism It is going to become a reality very soon Now what happened in this that the brain has grown, But the most important thing is in the brain. I have a Video was made a few days ago, Narco etc. About a concept was mentioned in it. The prefrontal cortex is the front part of our brain. is a big part as many as Complex ideas are all generated here And all the crimes are also generated. That's why be a criminal person. Someone is very schizophrenic. You remain in a lot of tension. Remains anxious, this part of all of them is very active and creative people Scientists are also active so to fix the criminals a therapy was carried out that part of them disconnects from the rest In the middle, this is called logotomy, which I had mentioned. in the last video But the main reason why man became very intellectual is that one's mind has grown And our prefrontal cortex grew bigger. and we've got the ability to think about complex things Which people of other species cannot think of. even if these monkeys start talking Even then, when you talk to him, brother, do you know the principle of karma? And do you know science? Do you know the electron could not understand what the hell you are talking about because that much They do not have the capacity for complex thinking So, how old is this whole game? about the last 70,000 years when this revolution happened 70,000 years 75 not 70,000 years ago now look what man has Language is imagination intelligence it's all done If all this happened then what did he make, he made a society. He made a family. Have you ever seen a family of a species? Means that monkey gets the monkey married Leave him Otherwise, have you ever seen that a monkey family continues. Big monkey, his wife and three children are going back to back. You must have never seen such a thing. Must have seen mother and child because mother and child are natural family The father is not a natural part of the family. It has happened gradually in human civilization. It is not a natural part of the family. family became marriage Kingship became the rules of the society, became the norms, became the moral rules. It's okay to do this. It is wrong to do that. everything became because the skull became like this What happened with him? State Legislature, Executive, Judiciary make laws. How did this law, rule, regulation become all this? Because the skull has become like that, the brain is working. In this the economy became the market and everything was made. All these structures belong to our human society. It's all because we have cognitive Capabilities are very high compared to other species which is only the work of the last 70,000 years Look, still philosophy has not arrived. Why would philosophy come after this? Because it is needed for philosophy. Both things are necessary to have a full stomach and free time. What is there so far, the time has not yet come. This is also the same game, otherwise where so much Speak to a mosquito and show how to make it From where will we get such a technical brain, we have that, don't we? The last major event occurred 10,000 years ago. Which is called Neolithic Revolution, in simple language Call it agricultural revolution. call it agrarian revolution 10,000 years ago man understood for the first time that farming How can it be done, before that farming was not known. Trees were plants, fruits were flowers. Used to eat them but did not know how to do farming himself. imagine what life would have been like What will you do to fill your stomach? There are only two ways, either they will kill someone and eat them. The one we call the hunter society is called the hunting society. or collect. The Gathering Society will speak Brother, there are many trees there, pick fruits and vegetables from there. Break and eat, this is all you can do. There is a whole clan. There is a clan, there is a tribe. There is a tribe, went to a place, the trees and plants there have died, what will they do now? they have to know what we call nomadic tribes nomadic tribes If they say, this is our history, everyone's history, what can they do? What did the Neolithic Revolution do for the first time? that we understood farming And when farming was first understood It has become clear that now there is no need for us to go anywhere. no need to kill Vegetarianism as an idea would first develop from there. how to develop before that, without violence And can live without straying. But when farming started So for the first time human society Began to stick in one place. Surplus production started for the first time What is needed is 100 kg of grains. 120 kg When surplus production started for the first time So it happened that some people will do less work will still work And then this is expected from the intelligent people of the society gone that you think Think about the new structure, what should happen? how to do and when the stomach is full for the first time and got free time for the first time So what developed from that, philosophy started developing from that. Why is it so? in the world of the west believe in the world of the west when did the first philosopher become the oldest philosopher his name is thales And when did it happen? 6th century BC Yeh Jumma Jumma 2800 years ago just 2800 years ago mean you think 370 in the history of millions of years of life The first philosopher was born 2800 years ago. in the west The philosophy of India is much older than And in India in the 6th century BC So Buddha and Mahavira are giving their darshan And against whom are they giving it, it is against Vedic and Upanishad philosophy. Against or at least trying to amend it. less than this time We have the philosophy of Vedas and Upanishads less than 1000 years ago has evolved, But you will go back a thousand years. 1500, 1600 BC, 2000 BC will be accepted, which today's researches are generally indicating Nevertheless, our entire history of philosophy 4000 years old and that's why 10,000 years ago For the first time the conditions were created that we had our capabilities. Conditions were also created, contemplation started lightly and later arranged Science developed in the form of Darshan or Philosophy also came. In the Indian tradition we lets see That the size is also visible there, it started appearing later in the Greek tradition as well. two places in the world Proved to be most successful in the development of philosophy and science. One India One Greece in the beginning Also in Babylonia. Egypt also has more development of science and philosophy, you will see in greece and india Because there was a tradition of meditation at both the places. There was a tradition of discussion, there was no restriction. Everyone should think deeply. Its freedom was given at that time, even if it was not given to all. At least got ideological freedom at one level, not everyone got it there either. Here too not everyone got it, but those who got it got it properly. so who will you see in greece at that time Parmenides you will see Heraclitus you will see or whom you Let's solve the theorem in maths, Pythagoras will appear. Pythagoras is a person of the same time Aristotle is considered to be the first great scientist, he is the person of that time. Herodotus is a person who is considered by historians to be a person of that time. because there Especially in the city named Athens there was such a tradition. The tradition remained in Bharat only. That's why the development of philosophy happened with such fanfare. Science developed, mathematics developed. Looks like ancient because the societies which promoted the culture of discussion There science and philosophy grew very fast and therefore in the west from around 600 BC and its thousand, one and a half thousand Development of philosophy to you in India since years ago. seems fine so don't get into such things That our philosophy is 10 lakh years old. Our philosophy is 380 crore years old. These are all imaginations, beliefs. have feelings Some people If someone has feelings, then it is good, what is the problem with us? But when you come to the level of thinking, you have to understand. Where is the truth and what is our existence. Now that philosophy What questions does it answer? You must have many questions in your mind Because your stomach is full right now. You must have got free time for two hours a day. So even after chatting for a while, there must have been some free time. You would not have a question in mind that Who am I, where have I come from, where am I going? Will I be saved after death or will I die So it is good to die. One who dies again and again in this age. It happens on someone. Both these deaths are similar or different. Will there be rebirth or not? What was I in the previous life, what will I become in the next? Do you have many such questions? there are some books people find out there My college was a friend, now he is a very big officer. It is on a very high level. in the police When he was a student, he had come looking for it from somewhere. When he went to someone, it was known that he had a book with him. What were you in the previous birth, what will you become in the next so came He had gone with great enthusiasm and when he came back, he was very sad. Then I asked what happened, he said friend, I know. was a donkey in the previous birth So I jokingly said that by mistake I must have told about this birth. He must not have told about his previous birth, so he hasn't told about his previous birth. there are humans in it Then I said it is okay if it is the previous birth then the tension is gone. What's the matter, said oh no man. the next one also has donkey written on it so i said it's actually a hat trick You don't have any idea about this and don't know what it is like. What to become in the next life, what not to become, is a mystery If there is curiosity about these things, then understand a little. What happens in philosophy so that you can understand that the next discussion? Whether to come in or run away from today itself. So after today's discussion some people will participate in the next discussion. The rest will participate. so only two There can be ways. so we in philosophy What do you try to understand? Everything is studied in philosophy? It is said that philosophy is the mother of all sciences, why Because when early man was very troubled, suddenly it started raining went hunting. hungry lion came in front of me He is also hungry. You also went hunting. The deer is watching from behind in the circle of the deer. Is enjoying You are praying to god oh god save me. deer give me think even the lion prayed oh god give a man Haven't eaten for a long time. Now God is just. He has to do justice to both So after listening to him took you in front of him Till then you prayed, now it is very difficult. How to answer these questions. We are not praying only a little, are you also doing address and touches? It was a difficult world. That time So the mean intelligent people of those times, they think too much Used to observe and contemplate the world. used to fantasize And whatever thought from there became philosophy Let's go ahead. What happened something Subjects started becoming, Physics became Chemistry, Biology became The subject became independent in itself. he went into science And those who don't think science finds, he still lives in Philosophy and therefore in Philosophy's which is the funnest branch that is called metaphysics Its name is in Hindi. Metaphysics you don't go to the difficulty of words. these people on purpose Keeps difficult words so that common people will not even look at it But things are very easy, names are difficult. Only metaphysics means that which is beyond physics physics as a subject As far as physics has researched Physics, what metaphysics could not do as physics would say the world is made of atoms you will speak yes okay speak further there is a nucleus inside the atom, yeah right it has protons and electrons good electrons moving out Ok, now it will be said who rotated the electron this is metaphysics where physics goes Keep listening till there, put a question ahead, that metaphysics, its beyond what made the electrons move inside the atoms who discovered protons and neutrons set right Now you tell me that God did it either the almighty did it or it happened by itself whatever the case may be Different philosophies have different answers to this that's metaphysics The basic task of metaphysics is to show that how did it all happen how did it all happen so if i talk about metaphysics, So in this usually those who are crazy about philosophy Like you, they are basically interested in this. In metaphysics itself, in the rest they start feeling sleepy. There is more interest in this and there are three aspects within metaphysics. the deepest questions Cosmology is the name of a branch You can call cosmology the science of creation or cosmology, Cosmology is made of Cosmos is the second theology you can call it theology You got the idea after listening to the Hindi translation, don't you? and the third is psychology, You will think hey this is a different subject No Philosophy before psychology became a separate subject is a subset of Nature is different, a little bit of both The basic question of metaphysics is what the world is ultimately what made of that is so diverse where did you come from so won't go too deep into it right now It's early days, but three basic questions First how did this world become this world made or self made so who made what was made of what was made of if it was already So it means the creator was missing something And why was it made? What was the purpose of making it? Will it ever end? So some said it is made of atom, take care at least a thousand years before science explained the atom Many philosophers had said that the world is made of atoms. The philosophy of justice in India had long ago said in the west if you've heard the name Democrat-Leucippus were two philosophers together in one group It was said long ago that the world is made of atoms. yes their understanding of the atom It was a little different which is a little different from what science has proved atoms but yes you said So how was this world made, who made it, why made it all Cosmology is the answer to the questions Then those who believe in God Yes, there are some religions which do not believe in God like Jainism does not believe in God Buddhism does not believe in God some other religion is like a taoism The concept of God is not the same as in the Chinese tradition of Lao Tzu. God in Confucianism Not the same concept, but many religions believe in God Like the Vedanta tradition in India, Hinduism The one who speaks Vaishnavism, he believes Sikhism believes in then the three semitic religions That is, Jews, Islam, and Christianity believe in all three Gods. So those who believe in God about all the questions about God before him the conversation that takes place it is called theology God is there or not, if so how many are there? Then what is its form? Can we explain it by its qualities or not? Is it sagun or nirgun? Meaning is it personalistic or naturalistic? There are many such notions about God Then if God exists, is he in the world or beyond the world? If he is in the world then he is from the world How is he different, if he is different then how would he listen to the sorrows of the people of the world? Or he is in the world as well as beyond the world. The names of all these concepts are different like God If it is beyond the world then it is called diatheism is in the world If they call it pantheism, the world also has Even if it is different, it is called panentheism. They all have different names. of concepts but the people have given it much thought what questions can be answered So all these questions are equal to God and third. psychology is psychology about consciousness See the deepest question of philosophy Is it who am I? have a body we all have It dies, it ends. But people don't say that my arm is long. My body weighs so much, people say I weigh so much so what am I So some people say no, the body is a thing that comes and goes. spirit is the real thing, i am spirit This is referred to in the Upanishads as Aham Brahmasmi, where Brahman and Atman Tattavmasi was called the same, Ayamatma was called Brahma. a belief that we are souls And why all these questions arise Because we think and feel. Emotions come and thinking work...The work of emotions, the work of feeling cannot be done by the eyes. neither ear can Neither the nose nor the hands nor the feet can do it, the body cannot do it. there is such an assumption so if the body can't think so someone is thinking Who is he who is thinking and thinking on this theme There was a western philosopher Descartes who said 'cogito, ergo sum' That is, 'I think there for I am', you must have heard that it is written on T-shirts. What does it mean that nowadays people do not read? Wanders around with 'I think there for I am' written on T-shirts I think therefore I am, that poor Descartes 17th century philosopher is the philosopher of Newton's time He is trying to say that I think body does not think Someone is thinking, the one who is thinking is me, that is the soul. You must be feeling that the soul has become final. Now it feels so good, it is fun to listen but its later computers were developed And the soul is not put in the CPU of the computer hard disk is And what happens in that? An algorithm is an ALU Arithmetic logic unit is have a memory unit And that CPU and its parts without a soul also solve mathematical problems Reasoning is also better than us Now they have started doing languages too. His memory has also become sharper than ours. Even if we forget, he never forgets Even if we remember, sometimes we cannot get out wait a minute dude Can't remember, can't remember, can't remember As soon as the time comes for the exam, it is remembered, it does not even happen in the computer that whatever it is, it is retrieved from Khatak. misses They also have this that if the memory is too much from computer to hard disk pulled out and filled Later Then brought in, we can't even do that, took out a little, then brought back When he came out, he left and finished the work at once. Now after the development of computer and artificial intelligence So there is great destruction. Man walks on only one belief Artificial intelligence for the last 20-25 years Whatever you do, creative thinking cannot do can't think emotionally The air of these claims will go out in 10 years And has left two days ago, but Two days back one of our team member showed me an app What did he see, what was the disaster that day Many people sent me the link of that app from different places an ai don't know what's his name If you say, I will tell you, you must know that you are young people. Such an app has come that you can also read the story If you want to write a criminal story, let's say Sensational story, you will write in the above index that you want to write such a story This is the character's name. This should be a killer. This should be a policeman. now think of a story Interrogate Brand new story in 3-4-5 seconds comes written If this is not creative thinking then what is Big disaster is going to come in the coming time as much as we It seems that we are very unique type of people, nothing is We are cousins of the guerrillas. we are the same We are descendants of plants after 370 million years and that's the way we evolved So when the complete study of consciousness is done in philosophy so says psychology what is mind what is intelligence What is Brain, What is Intelligence, What is Conscious? What is mind, what is sub-conscious mind, what is un-conscious mind. the conflict between the will and the conscience Lust on one side There are desires, on one side there is a controlling superego. Why does this duality happen, why does conflict happen? All these studies are called psychology in one sentence, In this, there is talk about the soul. As in India, 7 out of 9 viewers believe in the soul buddhist philosophy It is said that what happens if there is no soul? How are we thinking? So in simple language it is like the current inside the wire. of electricity It is a flow of electrons, just like that it is not a soul. Consciousness lives in a flow. Lives in a flow like a river. no object, His work also went on. And Charvak remains completely separate from himself. Someone asked him, what is it? Is there a soul? He said nothing is soul soul So stream of consciousness? Nothing happens even in this. So who thinks? Only the body thinks. the body itself with such qualities It is such that the quality of contemplation develops in him. People made fun of him so much, we also used to make fun of him a lot. during study days But after the development of computer it seems that this is not correct. be proved if physical computer made of objects can think so why can't the physical body think at least that's one way of thinking and all these thought processes There is also in the west. different philosophers There are also almost the same things. Here too people are thinking and there are also thinking And the belief of the people of India regarding the soul is very deep. Nainam Chhindanti Shastrani Nainam Dahti Pavak:. Neither Chainam Kleidayantyapo nor Shoshayati Marutah. Have you heard? Is it mentioned in Gita? The soul is ajar, it is immortal, weapons cannot cut it. Air cannot dry, water cannot wet him immortal, eternal But in psychology every kind of perception of India is of the West. It is customary to read them all. Are you able to understand now or are you getting bored with the darshan? Not bored yet? Let's see after an hour, but Will leave after 10-15 minutes though So the most interesting branch in philosophy is metaphysics. Although the new philosophers of today speak That talking about meta physics is futile. Time is to be wasted because no matter how much energy we exert. can't know anything about it And so Kant, one of my dearest spectators Immanuel Kant is a philosopher of 18th century Germany. He gave an idea. Agnosticism, which means we cannot know. We cannot know about God at all. We cannot know about the soul at all. When you can't know then why are you wasting time brother leave It is a question of faith. If you want to believe in God, then believe with passion. don't want to believe Don't agree with hobby, but don't comment on others. Don't bother others that why do you believe in God? Hey brother, let him accept his wish. but also Don't bother you, why don't you agree? You are an atheist. Dirty man. Don't even do this, its his choice. Your Choice Everyone has their own choice second only to metaphysics The one who comes to his branch is called that. Epistemology. The name is very difficult and do not take stress. In Hindi it is called epistemology If you want to see the beauty of this philosophy, then this is the thing. If you want to see how deep they go, here it is But the rest are two lovely branches. They don't have that much problem. There's a bit of tension here epistemology Epistimo is a word that means 'knowledge' Logos means the whole process of knowing As we gain knowledge. Of the universe, it is just a matter of fact. first check this Is the process of gaining the knowledge of Karel correct or not? So regarding the process of acquiring knowledge What could be the questions? There can be dilemmas, speak their study epistemology or epistemology If someone tells you this, you know. yesterday i saw a man flying What the hell are you talking about now? We will not believe like this. This epistemology is going on. Don't you know? This is epistemology. You said that you will not believe like this. It means you are asking for proof. The question in epistemology is what is proof? What is Evidence? Will say, I have seen with my own eyes. no man no Until I see, I will not believe. Simple means that you only consider the visible as evidence. Do not accept the word as proof. The word does not mean taking another person's statement as proof. You will believe only if you see yourself So he said, okay you also go tomorrow. There is a show tomorrow too. Next day gone. I also saw the man flying now you are upset you said no..there is some trick behind it Sometimes you can find tricks Will take it out, sometimes won't be able to find it. Now some people say that I will accept what I perceive. is evident, but the danger He also has There can be misunderstandings. One word is illusion, one is hallucination Illusion this will happen to you many times two twin brothers You are having a love affair with one of them. this is a big risk that you go to his other brother or sister Say such things that... can't imagine That it should happen. Because there has been a perceptual error, hasn't it? Confusion happened. you thought x while tha y And it's not just like that, it can happen in animals too. Can happen to anyone. And when does hesusilation happen.. When you are in highly emotional state. very emotional Or some chemical has been consumed. Chemicals understand... 'Chemical' Some chemicals have been consumed So some such abilities come in your mind. Those who are not like this. So then you also see flying. He himself seems to be flying. feel like we're flying And so and so jokes come that a man fell down the drain after drinking alcohol So there was an animal. grabbed his tail And he is saying that Pappu's mother has not braided today... she has braided. it happens to him So exactly it looks like it is in its own house, But he is in someone else's house. is in the mud whose house he is there he is So if we consider only the proof of believing But even in reality it is cheating Maybe And look at the thing in a very interesting way, like suppose. Like I have a black pen in my hand. Is it or isn't it? Magic is not happening, this is a philosophy class. Isn't it? Yes.. then there is. now how did you know To you as if it is Black pen. Black pen is to be understood by BP. ok so the light of the bulb It got reflected from here and went to your nose. that's the way isn't it So we take it for granted that it is the eye. Looks like an eye doesn't it? Ok went in the eye. eye received an input input by the eye Went ahead and gave it to the mind. given to the brain. Sent to the one who is the mind, the brain. This is the way. What the brain has is that many categories have been created. made of colors, made of things and it Removed by applying on different categories That this is pen and this is black. And added them and said that this is a black pen. Told you It all happened so fast that you didn't realize It is like when a fan is moving, it seems that there are no wings, but there are wings. when the process is too fast So we can't see the process, but the process is behind it. so as soon as i showed you the pen And all this happened inside you. input came. Input went to the brain. The brain made its conclusion and then you said black There is a pen. that's how it happened Very interesting thing. There can be danger in three places. first Maybe this ray of light is exactly the same information You haven't taken what was outside. all you have to say is I am not saying that it happens, I am saying that it can happen. you have to tell me whether it is possible or not Maybe that the ray of light added something of its own to it Whether or not it has been removed, distortion has been done. It is possible Then it can also happen that the last input taken and the output sent The eye must have changed something in that. our senses exactly will forward what they received How to accept Otherwise why would there be confusion? Otherwise why would there be illusions? the third one could be Ki Mind Jo Hai Mind Pe Paas Jo Categories There remains some flexibility in those categories. There should be something wrong, there should be an error in drawing conclusions. that's why little cow Many times it seems that a very fat dog is coming. Seeing a very fat dog, it seems that a small cow is coming. Buffalo is coming, something like this can happen. and happens to us Suppose there is some fat ass. If you are coming from far away, you will take the utensil, if there is a cow in hand, then I will bring milk. Like this Maybe because that's why confusion happens that either messed up here or happened here or happened here If this is accepted, it means that There is no guarantee that what you see is correct. Then how can you accept it? that the knowledge you have gained is correct And philosophy goes and talks at this level. Science doesn't talk at that level, science has a system in place Philosophy goes behind that system too. The whole of science rests on the fact that in the world The law of causation works, the Cohesion Principle works. There is a reason for every action. This is the axiom for principal science. axiom means a basic conclusion On which no question can be raised. Philosophy also questions how to believe that the law of cause and effect exists Some people have put so much meaning on this. Nyaya philosophy in India did a lot of work on this. Many philosophies worked, Buddhist did a lot. In the West, a philosopher named Hume raised a question on this. He said that there is a reason behind every action. This is just an inductive argument, which seemed to Laziness is just like You saw a hundred pigeons, they were black, you said that the pigeon is black, The day a white one will appear. Everything will be ruined. There is only this much leisure time. Causality also of the law. all these questions That what we know, how we know, how much we know. Proof is evidence or not. What is the role of the intellect? Means how much is the role of mind and how much is the role of reasoning. How much is the role of perception or revelation. How is their mixing? Why does confusion happen? Why do illusions happen Why do illusions happen Why do our conclusions turn out to be wrong? When do mistakes happen in reasoning. When does fallacy occur in logic? Which one from errors The decisions of our society or individuals go wrong. This whole branch of knowledge is called Epistemology We will not talk much on this because it is academic. It is more a matter of common man's interests, a little less in this. After this there is one more small matter. After that you will be free today. The next time there will be an arrest, it is done, meta physics has become one. epistemology. The words apply to the third branch. Axiology But we will look at two words. Axiology is spoken in Hindi. valuation talk about values It basically has two branches related to values. an ethics You must have heard its name, it has also come in the syllabus of IAS. and one would be aesthetics you'll hear at least a few questions like So you will understand that since long this thing was going on in our mind. ethics is ethics aesthetics is aesthetics chapter of beauty So ethics means what is moral? what is unethical Which moral rules are right? Which rule is wrong? Should moral values change over time? Moral values should change. Or not, lying is a sin If lying to protect someone Then it is not a sin. What are moral laws It should be so flexible or it should be rigid. These are all questions of ethics What is the purpose of life? What is the purpose of money? Power has a greater purpose than that What can be the greatest purpose of life, It is ethical question. What is Good?, what's good in life What kind of things are good in themselves? to be good one should not dependent on anyone As power is not good in itself, use it properly So what are some of the bad things about misusing them? Which is good in itself If there is Everyone should run after him and strive for him. Yesarichi is studied in the world of ethics. One of the most important aspects of aesthetics is hearing yourself. don't listen Beautiful is in the eye of the beholder. No Beautilize in the eyes of the beholder it's a big one. It is a famous saying It is very beautiful to see someone who will be your friend And then someone said hello to you This is how Butylize in the Holders Ice works At your age There is more hormone than Ester But it is not difficult to talk about it. Subjectivistics Aesthetics or Aesthetic Subjectivism By looking at each person Understands beauty. If beauty is in your eyes, you need to see it Keeps rotating around the eyes Then he was seen without his hands That's why some people say no Beauty is not in the eyes, beauty is in the person or thing Whose sight is more beautiful than your heart longs for The objectivism of this aesthetics is thirty-one Aesthetics and culturalism It is said that something is beautiful Be the culture in which you are born. Vocal culture will teach you how beautiful it is? It's beautiful A 50 55 year old woman for a French man Jo is wearing a skirt, beautiful and everything is beautiful For the man of India it will probably be the saree, because we wear saree in our culture Is seen as a nice dress. North East countries sorry who are in Middle East countries Maybe a woman with a hijab or burqa would be considered beautiful So beauty is in the eye of the beholder even if it is in the eye of the beholder The eye of the beholder is also not his own eye. culture made his eyes One of the biggest misconceptions we have is that our eyes we have eyes Our attitude is not our attitude. very little is ours in our attitude and very little hovers around zero means maybe a little goes above zero Otherwise it is around zero. Apart from this, nowadays there is a way That we study philosophy in every subject. philosophy of History, Philosophy of Science, Philosophy of Politics, Philosophy, Society, everything I mean about the deepest understanding questionsanalyzing This is the most difficult question after reading the history completely. what's history thisisphilosophyhistory define history defining how history will be written Philosophy of History. Such is philosophy of science, such is philosophy of religion. Everything that has a philosophy can also be a philosophy and a philosophy That completes today's conversation from my side. Now if you have any question in your mind then ask are troubling you Who bothers to take care of them? your question will make them more nervous if it is not a deep question Hello my name is Rajdeep, Rajdeep.. Sir just like you told that our so many of our actions among There is a big factor in our society, there is a big hand. He also has a great influence in our thinking. So there will be as many philosophers as their background There will be a huge impact. Absolutely any philosopher has to understand properly. Understand its space and time. 70, 80 percent will understand. good like sir different philosophies on one topic Let's praise our own philosophy. if i have confusion on that topic So what are the parameters I should have in mind. Who will get me where, its philosophy See, my life is very practical. Let me tell you one thing when I read philosophy. I studied Philosophy in BA and studied in MA. I have not studied Philosophy till date in any school/college. While preparing for UPSC, after a couple of tempts, my mind It happened that I change the subject, then I used to be fond of reading new subjects, so I took Philophilia. read again Means well, means studied with ease, studied with joy, then taught for many years you misunderstood philosophy she was the question in my mind What will happen if the soul, the Supreme Soul, I die from a long time ago. these kind of questions that come to your mind someone told me the answer to all these questions So it is found in philosophy. I said you will end up with just philosophy. Wanted to get answer after becoming IAS means my approach was like this but that approach was not very good so i studied philosophy well And never got an answer. get no answer Then people used to think why did you study? but a profitable Earlier it was a very easy task for me to make a donkey. If someone comes and tells you four things, I will say that you are right, you are right Because I didn't know anything. read philosophy On which subject went to what depth and read everything. as god is 50 proofs were given to prove the existence of God. given as much evidence to disprove them you have read both Still you don't know. But now you know that nobody knows And that much I knew too. As much as anyone knows. Now if someone wants to mislead me, he will give an argument. you will smile lightly You will say that number 37 is 36 and there are more brother, I will tell you 36 more Read it So after reading philosophy there is enlightened ignorance. Before that read Ignorance is Philosophy. Enlightened is ignorance, enlightened is ignorance, I don't know now, I didn't know then but now i know how much people know And I know as much as anyone knows. That's why I don't need to come under pressure. That's why reading philosophy is useful at least you know that in the world There is a tradition of 370 crore years… …of life…and the tradition of contemplation goes back 5000 years. How many people thought deeply in this 5000 years.. Why should we know everything? Know what it means to read a book? Took you three days. ..that person with 30-40 years of experience,.. Wrote a book with knowledge, research... ..you studied in three days.. you in three days.. 40 years have become more mature, Otherwise, sparks will be created by hitting stone with stone. ... keep leaving. When will you leave brother? So read one book at a time. ..makes you many years more mature. Old makes new, makes wise. Years make you wiser. Same is with philosophy..with science also. Latest research in science is in any subject, then read it. ..It is so much fun.. It seems to know how far the human being is able to think. Now to what extent have we reached the latest. I mean, I'm one of those people. ..for whom the greatest pleasure is to read and write. ..If it is yours too, then you also read it... which is philosophy, isn't it.. I love knowledge. I... I have that kind of disease. If you have it, you too enjoy it... Ok! Namaste sir... Namaste, what is your name?..Sir, my name is Shivshankar Shukla... Shivshankar! Tell me Sir, I want to ask what is enlightenment. As it happens, it is said that sages and sages are all... Has any man gone again.. ..on the Himalayan mountain..sitting in seclusion.. ...then, he suddenly felt like... ... got the knowledge that he became Baba completely... started knowing everything. Baba became new, those people become saints. becomes the truth of life Yes, Towhisar….Self-knowledge means in Indian philosophy- knowledge of the soul. If you believe in the soul then... If you don't then Consciousness or understanding what I am and I What am I not.. Myself body.. Understanding... This is the lack of self-knowledge. Judging yourself by that money, wealth, successes.. ... This is the lack of self-knowledge. The basic meaning of enlightenment is.. knowing your original nature. Broadly speaking, in Indian philosophy it means "to know the soul". And what I told you in the beginning that Buddha, Mahavir, Shankaracharya, Guru Nanak got knowledge.. ...that is the point of enlightenment. Actually, what happens... Let me explain to you with an example... ..for enlightenment. A very famous philosopher. ...Nagarjuna... ...in the Buddhist tradition... What happens is that the scope of our thinking is limited… what is called.. ...the categories of intelligence are, There are categories. We can think beyond that. Just like we can think- ...there is something, there is no... ...is and is not, neither is nor 'is not'. We cannot think beyond these four. This is considered in four categories of philosophy. And mainly Nagarjuna believed.. And this thing also comes in Shankaracharya's Darshan...Chatushkoti speak this This is enlightenment... It is said that there is Beyond these four And because it is beyond all four, it is called human. Can be expressed in language. Some people call this as mystical knowledge... Some people call this divine knowledge. now because i or you don't get it So, we can't even say.. It doesn't happen to anyone. There must be something that so many big philosophers are saying.. So I think from this category of intelligence Beyond thinking...where...where things, I And there is no difference between you and me. Here a serialization, Spiritual Ka...Spiritual The world's highest point of understanding can be something like that. Will discuss 'mystical experience' one day. I gave you some... I will tell the experiences of the mystical people. You would be horrified at the kind of experiences people have had... ...in the world... There are very deep experiences. But because it hasn't happened to me, that's why Iexactly..I can't tell... Good who has happened.. He also said that this is such a knowledge that Can't tell. Like Kabir Das said - "This is the jaggery of the dumb." That dumb man ate jaggery. Wanting to tell, violence without telling. Now once I gave an example in the class, a child said – let me tell you in writing. It's not about writing or speaking... Language...Language just doesn't work at that point. There are things beyond language. Because language is made... From the experiences of ordinary people. And such an extraordinary experience... Which is not there in normal life, otherwise how will the word be formed in the language... For him. That's why there is no word. That's why Rahim said such a deep thing- Rahiman Baat Unreachable, not to be heard; Do you know.. So don't say Don't know where to go. to speak of that which is impassable There is no listening.. One who knows cannot say And he doesn't know about what he is saying.. as soon as you get to that point of knowledge Your language will become zero and you will become silent. That's why the word mysticism is derived from muo...mioo. Ormiuo means- shut up, be silent You can't say anything about that...ok! Hello sir my name is Hina. Yes....and my question is this.. That many times people consider religion and spirituality as beans.. and the difference between...religion How important is it to understand the difference between spirituality and spirituality? see religion And we will talk about spirituality in detail some other time... Separately.... because it is a topic in itself, but it has to be understood... So you can understand that this is religion and spirituality…. Religion work means I am going from religion to religion... At present. The word religion itself is ambiguous. It is also in the sense of imbibing it. Morality is also in the sense, but in the sense of religion, let's go ahead... So consider this religion Consider this spirituality. it means that Some religious people live a spiritual life. Many spiritual people also lead religious lives. You can be spiritual by being religious. You can be spiritual without being religious. You can be spiritual without believing in any religion. What does it mean to be spiritual? It has not been decided till date, but in simple language.. There is a very good word in Hindi- spirituality. Adhi+Atma... Understand Atma I.. Adhi means super, big. It is better than being confined to oneself. To associate with something greater than that. And what can be the sense of being related with the elder.. For some people, having a connection with God is spirituality, But now the Buddhist philosopher, Jain philosopher.. Those who do not believe in God... what will be spirituality for them? If not God, then his spiritual will be something else. It's simple.. So for Buddhists maybe reaching the point of nirvana There will be spirituality. perhaps reaching the point of Kaivalya for Jains Or just to reach knowledge...that would be spirituality. And those who do not believe that there is something beyond this world. What will happen to those who consider this world as the last. establish one identity with the whole world In which, you start feeling a link with trees and plants too, Started feeling links with animals too. I can't see the difference between you and me It can be spirituality...it happens to many people...it In philosophy it is called extrovert mysticism. That...mystical experience. After that, you start seeing God in every particle of the universe. Or, I began to see. Some are so introvert that they close their eyes within themselves. They are seeing everything, but the realization is not happening in the outside world... So religion, for common man easy answer to hard questions and an organization of beliefs. It is the system. which is also very important, The common man can waste time on deep questions. To think that much about questions does not mean that he want to go that deep So those tough questions that bother everyone.. A collection of easy answers is a religion, There is a religion so that people can rest assured. Let them just know... Someone asked how it happens…. Hey ,.. God has created the world. Will say..... good! Good! Great! Great! And the soul that is inside will never die.. As soon as you said that the soul is immortal, this fear was gone regarding death What a good thing. Now, what did he think that, Good! Good! The body is the garment. The soul is eternal, ok, we will have to change clothes meaning that... What is the meaning of death ?... only changing clothes. The fear is over So... Religion Whatever religion whatever it is, it is a way to give peace to the common man. There is a way to simplify a difficult question. Philosophy is difficult It is a way to solve the questions on the level of difficulty. With a lot of intelligence... there is no role of faith in emotions. Faith is not there. No emotions, very concrete and meaning One has to work with rigorous reasoning. Which is spirituality.... spirituality, This is the name of proving a connection with the whole universe Be it with nature, Be it with God Whether with any other metaphysical entity. That's why it is not necessary to be spiritual to be religious. There are many religious people, Who ? spiritual are never able to reach the point, they remain engrossed in rituals. One doesn't have to be religious to be spiritual. But there are many people who are both, like Swami Vivekananda Mahatma Gandhi is.... the originator of all religions whether Be it Mahavira, Be it Buddha, Be it Jesus, Be it a prophet. All these people, related to a particular religion And have also reached the point of spirituality. Reached a spiritual point like Guru Nanak So both combinations are possible...ok! Thank you Sir..., Are you not getting the feeling that I am a baba type... something? Like... is it coming.. That feeling... should not come like that, absolutely. We will talk about knowledge science... What are the latest researches going on ?.... When we will talk about the soul. latest neurological research that's going on, in neuroscience... I'll mention that And neuroscience will give the right answer... About soul, about consciousness ...... Mr. Hello Sir, My name is Rajan Sharma.....ji...sir, sometimes even ordinary people speak such deep things, Which seems to have a lot of philosophy hidden in it, but we see the background So it seems that he cannot say these things now. Like I am trying to explain with an example.. someone has written that I have written for you. He weaved dreams of seven colors... and he... has a very deep philosophy in it. I saw that there are only seven types of dreams, But while writing that... it would be in his mind that it would not happen... I don't know this... Could be a coincidence too. Could be a coincidence or someone else says philosophy, does something, So there is no need to study for that.. Yes , there is a... there is a philosophy which is self- It is born out of experiences. That too is a philosophy. Isn't it..? Like there are people like Kabir Das.. Heard a lot from Kabir Das. He used to say that I did not read... He himself claimed this Though I don't know whether this is true or not. But after listening and observing The deeper the level he went.. the deeper it is rarely seen... in anyone. So, if someone That is normal, talk deep So either he has squeezed the experiences of life..well Their intelligence is good but has not studied in school. But there is good intelligence, isn't it? The person has So the experiences of life will continue to be processed by making them inputs. And after a time the person will talk deeply from those experiences. Grandparents type of people are there in our homes.. sometimes they are big talk deep. Whereas many times they are not even literate. because they have life experiences, the essence of experiences And they have good ability to process it. So if a person is simple and talks deeply, then suppose What is this or it is possible that must have heard from somewhere. He repeated in front of you…. OK! hello sir my name is tanu singh sir I have a question Generally, we read the concept of seven types of dreams that there are seven types of dreams. And, it also happens that what we do with our conscious mind and subconscious mind... All these things that we think or have ever thought. This... which we don't even remember in general... it comes in our dreams. But , it also happens that we have never seen or heard that thing ... Means sometimes we never mention it in life... But that too comes in our mind… comes in dreams. sure ??... yes, and at this time....sir this happens and such researches too are running Regarding this thing, that means how you can change the dream of the mind. Research about that.. So how does that thing happen ? Ok…..we will talk about dreams in detail some other time But let me tell you one simple thing... That those who are empiricists will not listen to you. when you say that sometime in the dream- Sometimes such things come that I have never seen or heard. It means that you had seen or heard something like this. that is in your unconscious mind and you don't know.. and reflected from the unconscious mind into the dream It's a very simple matter. So when you say I have never seen.. So it means you don't remember when you saw it. May be in childhood. You have seen such a scene that fear has set in your mind and you have forgotten that incident. Completely forgot that fear from the conscious mind…. but in the unconscious It is there. And that fear keeps changing its face in dreams every now and then. And you feel like it never happened in life. how long do we remember 10 days ago What clothes were you wearing... Do you remember... You will not even remember this. And we are talking from childhood till now So…. many such things are in the unconscious mind and in the unconscious mind means that That we don't know what's out there , but it is.. In our consciousness And even when someone has an intuition, they speak That it is the reasoning of the unconscious level. This thing will not be understood now, when we talk about dreams, then it will be understood. Very good explanations have been given by people on dreams. Will talk about this also once. hello sir my name is navneet dubey sir...sir , whatever ideology or Philosophy when comes to us so how to understand Which is authentic or not ? What could be the grounds for this...don't believe.. Why to believe? Listen! Listen everyone! whose point Seems as useful as it takes Suppose.... as we read books that they have a philosophy , is his philosophy All these things come into our mind too, so how can we believe that it is authentic or relevant... Look , if a philosopher has guts, he will certainly convince. you If it can't convince then don't believe We don't have that much time anyway... isn't it.. don't believe in superstitions.. If someone has the guts to convince them, if he is not able to convince them, then go to the hell Why there is a need to take tension... too much for it ? After reading all the philosophies.. Make your pudding of your work so that your life can go on. Sir.....ji....sir , It is often said about philosophy that this subject Kills your emotions. Means and you also cannot enjoy life without emotions. Doesn't finish there is a misunderstanding , What does it do that makes you mature and to be mature an imperative means That your control over your emotions gets better. ability to control emotions Today is a very difficult thing, so you can do wonders. But it is necessary that you see properly after that. Can't sing on the road. Want to sing songs on the road after seeing your girlfriend... Would like to wear her the ring by sitting on the knee.. All of that will not be possible. Then there will be that lightness in all this. It definitely is. Person become mature and And a mature person controls his emotions better. that The expression of emotions seems to be a little lighter than what we people usually do. A good philosopher will not be able to dance at a party. it's four o'clock , but the party's still on so he will run away before that, he is more interested in the book If there is less interest in dancing then there is a difference of nature. if you enjoy them all Play in emotions now , study philosophy after ten years Isn't it.. this is correct. Your emotional intensity after studying philosophy you can neither hate someone properly Nor you will not be able to love in such a way that I will cut my neck for you i would die for you That drama will not happen... you know the person is doing drama, it is felt that the drama happening Will not be able to give false praise. Relationships will not work This is... Philosophy is the thing after settling all these relationships. more ok before that, it becomes a little more difficult It is definitely and the best thing is that after studying philosophy you will not be able to hate. You will feel like hating, hatred will not come Inside the mind... on the one who should be hated You will feel pity because you are also able to understand his helplessness. As if someone full of emotions abuses you right now. You will multiply by four and send back to the person You gave him four times as much as the person gave , so this emotional interaction is going on. Read from Filmcity , then someone will abuse. Now will think why he is abusing then think well Couldn't even understand that abusing doesn't matter. You will smile, put your hand on your head, no problem, no problem, go You are not getting angry, you are feeling pity that This poor person does not even understand that he is working in vain. Is this development or deterioration? It's up to you guys to decide.. I think it's development But first do all that, after that do all this philosophical work. Hello sir my name is Ravi. Sir, you had just taught in epistemology. I have a little doubt in that. what , like you told illusion and science two things in this so my The question is as if we had an illusion that our friend is standing there. So he came to us. We went to him, got cleared. he is our friend Or not and if you don't pass, will it be clear or not ? not clear sir It will not be clear even in life but sir , you may hate that One day I saw in front that he did not talk to me. You have been hating all your life. While he was not there on that day this can also happen sir my question is this But what we are seeing through the illusion is right in front of us. We went over there yet that thing is not there. like a mirage it's a hallucination what does hallucination mean where there is nothing you see x there And illusion means Y is seen instead of X. But sir, if we look at it from the factor of science, then it is a thing. Well science explains why it happens. But the hallucinations continued, after that a long time in a desert. you on the road While driving you can see water everywhere and there is no water anywhere. Hallucination is there, science has explained it. good thing ok , but they say it's just a hallucination Yes sir I am Ramesh Ranjan In philosophy it is said that nothing is wrong. Everything happens right. Is it true that everything is right? Who has said , I have never heard, friend, I have not heard. When I read such a book by Irwin M. Copy, there were many such examples were given , no The book is on logic by Irwin M Cope. that of course in terms of logic This topic must have come in him as an example. But the logic that you are specifically talking about is a copy of formal logic. book Of that means It doesn't matter whether there are examples As you must have seen in the exam of Reasoning All donkeys are dogs. Some dogs are rabbits you are thinking what are you saying man Because there you have to test whether it is correct. That it is wrong, it is formal logic, they speak abstract logic. it means don't mind just watch it that if this is true And this is also true so is it right to conclude or not So I think in the copy book you have a reference like this , but in philosophy in general No one says that nothing goes wrong , Every philosophy rejects many beliefs. Isn't it the last question you will ask. sir nowadays like metaverse Many concepts are being given like So how does philosophy explain it? Metaverse A few days ago, I had also talked about one thing in the interview. The metaverse has been talked about in philosophy for a thousand years it , now they have named it Metaverse , what is their name? Zuckerberg has seen a very simple thing in philosophy. Especially if you listen to Nagarjuna in India. Listen to the Asangavshu brothers, these three are Buddhist philosophers. and Shankaracharya who is the philosopher of Advaita Vedanta Listen to them, there is a lot of similarity in the philosophies of these three. their simple saying is that when we are asleep , we aredreaming , at the time we don't know we're dreaming because at the time of dream the dream becomes real We also get nervous when a lion goes in front of us in a dream. they do everything we run And there is absolutely no realization in him that the dream is going on. As soon as the dream breaks, it is known that the dream was a lie. So Shankaracharya's question is that this is the practical world it could also be a dream And this will be understood when we come out of it. One interpretation of sleep and illusion would be the interpretation of dream illusion And they are saying that the illusion of this practical world is a big illusion. Life is an illusion. Only a few come out of this sleep. this is second-level sleep And at the third level, there is only Brahm at the transcendental level For which the Buddhists use the word derived. maha means a lot I sometimes joke with my friends that as many tensions are there in life that my civil service exam my this my that, is a possibility I told you to follow it at least a little. Read the philosophy and enjoy. don't take the load on yourself No need to lift the oblong water pot at all That I become a monk become a nun not to do all this, life is to be lived but live wisely to live knowing that What do people think about living ? logical of this The possibility is real that this world is like a video game And our remote is with someone else, tossed it with the remote. You have hit a six, he is saying wow, I have hit a six, he is congratulating you. but the remote is in someone else's hands running from somewhere else. This is called determinism No one knows whether this is so or not. i'm not saying that happens some would say that it happens Heigl in the West is talking something like But the beauty of philosophy is that until it is proven. Don't believe and don't leave until rejected can be considered as a logical possibility So if there is such a possibility then this world is a metaverse in itself that there are some real people. His embodied Aviators in this world, one of whom I am also. I am someone's avatar, you can be someone else's avatar And we will never understand at this level that all this game is going on Like in our dreams all the people who are there also fight. quarrel with each other and even talk, they don't understand. that it's unreal Because it is a game inside your mind. It could be a game inside someone else's mind. This is what Hegel said, Shankaracharya said and many people have said. But this has not been proved. so don't be discouraged Video game is playing. is a possibility maybe a logical possibility And even if it is, what is the problem? Will win at video game. We will show by succeeding in the video game. This is possible and no one in the world knows this. No matter what someone's personality is, no matter how long the beard is no one knows that what is the truth of the world unless rejected. Let's take the world as real, let's take it as real and let it enjoy yourself because life makes sense Likelihood is That only happens once So why miss it? Anything is fine. Sit down let’s finish. Your experience was painful. be fine the light of the brain is burnt or burnt out burnt Ok thanks Now the audience, those people of this video write your opinion on it do send If you have some questions about philosophy then write it on and if you think that reading all this is more stressful Yes, because of this, please write and send that it should not be continued. So we will finish this if you want to study further then we will teach Thank you. most welcome most welcome

Channel: Vikas Divyakirti

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Keywords: what is philosophy, philosophy, what is philosophy in hindi, what is philosophy of education, philosophy definition, is a philosophy major worth it, definition of philosophy, what is philosophy? branches of philosophy, philosophy (field of study), what is philosophy for?, what is philosophy of art, philosophy in hindi, philosophy by vikas divyakirti, philosophies for life, what is philosophy by vikas divyakirti, दर्शन क्या है?, vikas divyakirti philosophy lecture

Id: vCEDptvB5Q4

Length: 104min 33sec (6273 seconds)

Published: Sat Dec 17 2022