Crispr Cas9 Genome Editing System

Clustered regularly-interspaced short palindromic repeats (abbreviated as CRISPR, pronounced crisper[2]) are segments of prokaryotic DNA containing short repetitions of base sequences. Each repetition is followed by short segments of "spacer DNA" from previous exposures to a bacterial virus or plasmid.[3] The CRISPR/Cas system is a prokaryotic immune system that confers resistance to foreign genetic elements such as plasmids and phages,[4][5] and provides a form of acquired immunity. CRISPR spacers recognize and cut these exogenous genetic elements in a manner analogous to RNA interference in eukaryotic organisms.[3] CRISPRs are found in approximately 40% of sequenced bacteria genomes and 90% of sequenced archaea.[6][note 1] The CRISPR interference technique has enormous potential application, including altering the germline of humans, animals and other organisms, and modifying the genes of food crops. By delivering the Cas9 protein and appropriate guide RNAs into a cell, the organism's genome can be cut at any desired location.[7][8][9] CRISPRs have been used in concert with specific endonuclease enzymes for genome editing and gene regulation in species throughout the tree of life.[10] Ethical concerns have been expressed about this nascent biotechnology and the prospect of editing the human germline.

Channel: Shomu's Biology

Views: 211,333

Rating: 4.941906 out of 5

Keywords: suman bhattacharjee, shomus biology, life science, Crispr Cas9 Genome Editing System, crispr cas9, cas9 protein, crispr, genome editing, gene editing, crispr mediated gene editing, crispr cas9 system, crispr-cas9, crispr cas9 mechanism, crispr cas9 protocol, crispr cas9 system explained, crispr cas9 bacteria, crispr cas9 knockout

Id: 3AQWMG2Lqvc

Length: 12min 54sec (774 seconds)

Published: Tue Feb 09 2016