Creating shapefile and digitizing of polygon, line and point using ArcGIS

the training material i sent to you you'll discover that today we are going to do a digitizing but before then when i did the introduction i said that the igs is made up of three components the arcmap which is the view itself the ad catalog we use the catalog last up to last week and we have what we call catalog so if you want to digitize the first thing you do in project is to create called a shape file a chef wall is the fact that all bodies partial and attribute data about a particular you only have line point and polygon you cannot combine line with a polygon no can you combine a point with line so it has to be one so let's go ahead if you look at the manual if you go to the main tool or the stand alone tool there is a box here close to the wall which is called a catalog if you click it if it is not already there you will see that the catalog box will display by the right hand side so you will see the catalog box there let me see i just want to be sure that the meeting has been recorded just a minute okay yeah so you will see what we call a catalog when bolario was taking one of the lectures he was telling me that you can open what we call your database so that your work will be inside so if you want to before you start you can do it about i'm not writing your database but it is good sometimes to have this so that you're working with yourself so from a catalog if you right click on this home document gis you will see that a new window will open when you come down you see another window by the left open so here you can create your database a lot of things if you go down you'll see file you will click shape file when you click it another window would open so that you can give this back name today i'm going to start with boundary boundary if if you have any question anytime you can please on me to your save on talk when you come to this feature type there is a drop down box where you can choose at that point line polygon we have order and that's multi point multiplied but we are not talking about them we choose polygon then we go to a dispatcher so that we can give our our shell file a spatial coordinate click edit i want to project i want to get updated coordinate which is uh the blue gs i am more interested in using utm coordinate instead of mina when you click utm you go to the bluejs84 because lagos is in the northern hemisphere we choose northern hemisphere and lagos is in utm zone type one so we choose time to one if if we have done that we will discover that the current coordinate system box will now give you the tell you the projection traverse mechanistin falls northern falls eastern and central meridian and the rest of then you click okay you discover that it has come everything is now joe all projected now do not click ok again then you will discover that your shape file is located by the right hand side under the layers i don't know if someone has tried and you have you have seen it is that okay so now we want to also create a shapefile for lines because we would take the size rods also and maybe straight line from so you still do the same thing you right click you go to new you go to shape file you give it name maybe let's say road you come here instead of when you choose polyline there are some rules to that could be polygon it all depends on what you want to do still again indeed go to projected coordinate i'm interested in using a utm using wgs84 on that layer uh property next one is point the same thing you present in shapefile maybe let's say a straight line or anything straight street light and now we leave this one as point click edit utm which is 84 northern hemisphere zone 31 okay so we have all our ship files ready now you can see them is anyone following me okay so now is to start digitizing there are two ways to start digitizing if your edit using edit if your edit is not current you go to customize you go to toolbar you come down you click edit and it will bring out the edit to see it here now so you can drag it also there's if you want to do some analysis and it is a giving you arrow what you do is to go to uh is to go to um uh tool and bring those uh extension there are a lot of extension that you can use like if you want to do your statistical analysis and you are not getting judgment make sure that you check all these transparent analysis and the rest of them and everything will be fine so now we want to start digitizing there are two ways there is another shortcut but i want to take you through the longer route first so if you want to start editing in gis first and foremost you will go to a date which is up here then you will start [Music] editor then you will see that as a create edit window with pop-up you'll see all the shape file you have if it is rode that you want to walk on like this dream if it is boundary is wrong you just highlight the one that you want to work on but you see if i click road if you check down here the construction tool you'll see it has brought polygon rectangular things that have to do with rod feature not a polygon feature if i click rod because it is line it will bring line rectangle circle ellipse if i click straight line it only bring point point at the end of line and the rest so now we want to decide boundary um of this coffee my thing and one thing with gis as you are digitizing it is creating an attribute table for you that you can letter command edit or if you have some attribute data about that particular point you can do what we call joining we get to that in the in the course of uh our uh training so now for me to describe this i want to start with the more complicated and then i will use the simple one that will automatically fill the polygon when it touches the edge of another polygon so you come down you pick polygon you pick polygon here then you come you will click just left click go pick the point that you are interested all right go around i will be cutting some so i will not follow the edge the way it ought to you can palm in palm out using your your your corso you follow it depending on the shape of the feature by time you get to the end just double click it to close the polygon you zoom to where you want to if you have issue you can use palm to drag it to where you want to and go back and take polygon and it will make it active before then you can also do something you can say snap feature to either end point to vertex so that your point will lag so let me use h then you take again take the second one you go the ties you have to zoom sometime very well so that you know where you are going come here h h double click but if you look at what i have done here there is a gap here isn't it you can see a yellow gap so this one didn't lag well with arcgis you can actually edit this particular point i can even delete this in sketch or do any so what do we do now what i want to do now is to create a feature to like edit water i have done let me take this one out let me check this come on okay i have deleted so now i have problem this place is not laughing how do i go about it i will go to this arrow in this tool and click this particular shape file double click it into a highlight and give me all the point all the node what i can do is edit to drag this one to this place and put it like this but now i need another point here and i don't have it it's like this place need another point to make this place to lock the other way that you can do is to add another point using still edit tool using this point here edit vertex when you click this one it will bring out this edit vertex so i can actually add another point on this line you can see it has added it so which i can use to edit this point to edit drag this one to this place and you see it has clogged but still you can see that if i highlight this so you can see that this place doesn't lag work so you can use the same principle to edit other uh draw the point to make them one or delete some point but the best way to work is to use another one which is called um auto complete polygon i just did this one so that you see how it work but as you're doing your work always one say save edit if you use auto complete polygon when it comes to the edge of another polygon it will automatically fill it so you don't have to uh worry yourself about the age of the polygon not laughing well so i'll use that one now for this for this for this next uh digitizing i hope you are following if you have any question please just let me know you can um or meet yourself and ask so let's do this one will not follow the edge the way they are you can do that later sometimes you have to zoom in for you to know where the point is well you see when i double click add it is just fill up this one automatically unlike the other one that i was using so let's give it a try again we're now at amo udo keep going round round or i skip display that time if i just come to the edge and i don't click it to just fill up the boundary or the other adjacent polygon that's how we cannot just take the age of one polygon continue to edit when you get to the edge just double click it will fill it it's fill it continue continue continue fill it so this how you will be doing the the moment you just get to the edge of another polygon so we can see it's much more faster and it makes things easier you don't have to bother yourself with the boundary or the edge the overlapping the moment you just get to the edge of the other polygon that's how it will continue continue okay yeah hello yeah you what are you doing left left click just like now i left click here right i continue i left click it's left clicking it's left clicking when i come to the edge of this polygon i will double click it's left click double it will fill in is that okay it's like we have a five minute left so when it go off uh david will send on another meeting listen to the uh what's up so when you click just left click just be clicking when you get to the edge of another polygon just double click it to automatically fill it up [Music] the first one we did you have to go around the polygon and sometimes at the edge you have problem with overlapping [Music] [Music] so let's see if we can finish one within the five minute left so that we can now go to line polygon we do a bit of uh web gis to get stuff from the gogo art and also decide okay so this one thing i have one or two left okay i love this one it's quite big so go around go around go around but before i do the last one i will i will also teach you the second method of uh of not starting editing without you using the editor per se okay let me now save my work and stop editing before we do the last one i will save and tell the system to stop editing so if i want to start this editor again i can also go here to the boundary straight and right click and come to this feature say start editing straight away is the same thing with using editor just click the boundary here it will bring our distance down i will say okay auto complete i will take this go up it will go down when i get to the end double click and it's fill it up for me so i'm done with this editing and we call this digitizing so i can say stop edit set edit and stop stop edit so is the same thing if you want to do for uh road so for rod we will do a bit of web gis you go to file you go to add data you come to advancemap you see a lot of basemap so i will use a google art image so that we can just type some rods within this uh study area so let me use this image and to take time to load so just uh give it some time because it's quite heavy so this is part of web jazz where you can and this web guide is good with the satellite image although it is hard to know when the satellite image was uh like uh acquire you can produce site plan without going to size someone said well i just want to know where my plot is so you can use a simple cycler so with this now i will i will uncheck this covet vector because i'm done with it now so that we can see only the shape file so we can view it well we can zoom in but one thing that you can do also with this thing because of the color if you want to see the on that lens satellite image we have done it before you go to property i hope we are all following go to property let it come off okay our time is running now we'll end in 10 minutes so from property thank you thank you from property you go to uh symbolism you click here you come to fill color you can say no color you can change if you want the boundary to have color red whatever color you can choose color already you can increase the line width you will see the effect you click ok now you see that it is not transparent so you can see you can see the [Music] the satellite image now so let's zoom to one of the street see um so that we can be retired so let us decide some road now yeah let us use it to decide some raw then command the style is useful into either the size trees or depending on what we want to so is the same thing if you want to digitize rows you will enable so i will use this shot called just right click go to edit feature just edit come to road when i click road i'll see line and on the rest you have free hand this cycle is it a run about whatsoever so if i pick this one now let's pick this road let's take it up like this up take it off um because of so you have to zoom out well to see the road so we get here we just double click and it will stop so now we now pick another road that wants to decide so it mustn't be road only any line feature it it could be pipeline it could be anything but the thing is that it will not give you a polygon ship so let's see okay let me take this one um yep okay i can see cup you zoom in and out so that you can see well so you double click it to stop and that is how you will continue to see road okay now we have done for us should we digitize more road should we do more or this is i i noticed something sir yeah your previous routes they are disappearing i don't understand no they are not disappearing it is the it is the color if i change the symbols okay let me stop the savvy editing it is a symbolism uh where is where is it okay okay just wait i will save edit stop edit now if i go back to road and i go to property so let me maybe use black color just a minute okay go to symbolism you can choose different type of roads is that okay you can choose express you can increase the width can you see the rod now yes sir yes so it's because of the resolution so i will also show you a lot of symbols so now this is road she will did attack more or this is okay because i want you to work on this and put your map on the facebook okay this is okay sir okay so so one day i'll say that i want you to go through this then digitize as many rows as possible i will show you how to do a lot of crediting within a symbol 3d andres way to get the symbol so put it on the facebook so that you will learn as i always say that you can do uh there are a lot of functions that you can use to do to do the same thing in gis yes a question sir yeah we're doing yeah continue please hello good evening yeah good evening sir continue we can hear you yes i'm i'm having uh two questions okay the first question is uh this would not so i'm saying it if we are to write the name in the attribute table i think it's going to show it as uh it's just going to it's going to have just only one column for the attribute table now so assuming i want to cut the road into two let's not from that point uh the road is having another name so that we have these like two columns you know in the attribute table is there any way to go about that yes there is way that is why before you start digitizing you will have an idea of the names so that when you click you will terminate each road where it okay in this route from a to b it's a name you make sure that you decide and end it here but even if you do it as a circle you can split you can cut it off and let me show you an example now like this road if i pick this road okay i have to enable the editing that's one um with gis because it will create okay let us look at the attribute table it has created four attributes can you see yes yes yes oh so maybe now i want to split a road did it edit it start editing pick road by defy just a minute don't know why okay um i can cut i'm trying to see uh don't know why it is not working i'm picking this thing pick the pick on the editor yes yeah sorry i was i was picking the one off there thank you you can see it has shown me all the polygons no all the notes or all the edges of this one so there is a way that you can split i'm trying to look for split up please please please please please continue feature let's play it now no supposed to pick it from here let me see okay let's see what yeah you can see a split tool here okay you have to click create features please right click split can you see now it has splitted it from here this one is a segment yes while this one is a segment so you can split as many you can even cut you can cut it here and cut it so you can do virtually anything that you can use your knife to do with so you can split you can you can even reshape it drag it cut reset feature depending on what one you can add points where i did so but i will leave that to you to one sorted out as your exercise for the week okay i don't care yes sir yes sir the second we have look at how to create a polygon online so let us create a point shift file now i name my point share file as street map it could be anything it could be wall station hospital there's some polygon that will actually be represented as a point depending on the size and the scale of the map like if you just want to add it show people that it's harrison there is a hospital in a particular location you could use just one point so just the way we have done for the point and for the polygon and the line let us assume that we are going to place some street light along some of these roads here okay we we right click we go to edit pictures start editing we come to the right hand side and make this uh make it uh just click on it to make the street light active then you go down here you see point at the end of line you see point so we pick point one thing we point that when you click it it will drop the point and you keep moving so let's assume like we are placing some street light along some roads here you will move put another point you can zoom in and out to see where you want to place your point just okay let's place one here this one here this one here place one here if depending on the work that you are doing it could also be a boss station we want to represent them as points whatsoever thing depending on the scale of the map as i said earlier that some of the uh polygon could be point could be used to represent them and one thing is that if you are if you are working like for conservation and you want to show that okay maybe in this park in this zoo there are elephants so you can also use point to just indicate that yes in this zoo or in this part there's a particular type of animal but for this one now we are assuming that this has straight light okay i think we have got some points just for training so you can do when you are doing real projects you will know what you are what working on on the point or or the features you are using to represent using the first so we go back to edit self edit we go back and then stop editing so now i want to show you how you can get a lot of symbolism to use so these are points as i mean straight line if you want to use different type of symbolism depending on what you are working on you go to property let's give it some time to come up you go to uh symbol so there are a lot of symbols that you can get from arcgis if you go to style references you click you'll see a lot of them if they are not checked you will check them you have a 3d basic you have a conservation crime a lot of things you have military if you want to show military formation or something that have to do with military is it mining petroleum ordnance survey uk real estate a lot of thing so you click so now let's assume i want to represent straight light if you come to symbol selector the search button if you type anything if such symbol when you type you click search or you click uh enter it will search and retrieve a lot of symbol that has to do with light so you can anyone is a traffic light is it a railway crossing light depending is it straight like a let's choose this street light let us also increase the size so that it will be visible uh let me let's leave the color as black click okay just click enter you can see it has changed but because of the background of the satellite images it will come up it's still zooming okay let me switch on the base map doesn't make it better okay maybe let's just increase the size of the of the point or the straight line and maybe use another color red to see if the visual will improve point let me use a 40 let me use a color red work no this is only the above that world change okay let's just see how it goes they will we will try with more point okay you can see on the street light if you want to show animals you can still use the same point like you want to show people that yeah in this pack yes there is there is an elephant a lion whatsoever depending if such team we have it in the in these styles let me see okay it's just a silent let me see have we got elephant they are supposed to be an elephant okay it's an elephant let's also increase the size to now black elephant not sure if we have black elephant anyway let's see i see it has turned to elephant okay let's say you want to show the distribution of health facilities in some world area or within some polygon you can use this too let's look for hospital hospital you can see hospital is it 3d size okay let me leave it as so this is what you can use point representation to represent so you can use this to represent a lot of features that have so as i said earlier that it could be polygon but because of the scale of the map you just want to indicate that yes there is something here there are a lot of things that you can do with it so our next tutorial will be how to calculate some geometry or how to populate the uh attribute that we if we open the attribute table obviously you can see we have nc empty attribute we just the number of uh point that we have created we have 22 but the uh attribute are not they are the actual could be the type of the straight line is this solar is its uh electric so it could be anything the type the pole the date that the street light wear uh fixed and rest of the it could be the idea of the streetlight in case they want to maintain and from here also we can calculate the coordinate of each of the streetlights likewise with the area of the polygon the length of the road section a lot of things we can extract from this but that will be for next tutorial how to edit attribute table so basically um digitizing is very important in gis because most of the data are got seen from digitization most of the map that we have uh analog map so they have to be decided into digital form so this uh this this this uh activity is quite important in gis and there are time that maybe somebody just wanted to produce a map a site map that is not too accurate just for visualization with uh web gis now using google and you can easily come here and to decide some part of the land and give the person to say okay all the land is close to a particular future and address so hope to see you next week do have a lovely evening bye for now you

Channel: Geospatial Hut

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Id: N0eudWshGNg

Length: 38min 24sec (2304 seconds)

Published: Thu May 28 2020