Covid-19: Update on Vaccines and Therapeutics

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Channel: UCSF School of Medicine

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Id: jlM7mHamx1w

Length: 74min 26sec (4466 seconds)

Published: Thu Nov 19 2020

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Synopsis:

Speaker Introduction--Paul Offit

One of the foremost experts on vaccines in the world. He is the Maurice Hilleman professor of vaccinology at the Children's Hospital, Philadelphia and a professor at Penn where he directs Penn's vaccine education center. He was a member of the advisory committee on immunization practices for the CDC. He is a co-inventor of a vaccine for Rotavirus, a founding advisory board member of the Autism Science Foundation and the Foundation for Vaccine Research. And he's co-editor of the foremost text on vaccines, which is aptly named, Vaccines. He's also an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine. As well as a member of FDA Vaccine Advisory Committee.

Paul Offit: How mRNA Vaccines work https://youtu.be/jlM7mHamx1w?t=323

You take the messenger RNA, the codes for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, you put it into a lipid delivery system to stabilize it, you then inoculate it into the muscle, that whole construct is taken up by the cell, the lipid construct sort of melts away, and then the mRNA through the ribosomal system is translated to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein which is excreted, and then your body makes an antibody to that protein.

Paul Offit: Is it safe? https://youtu.be/jlM7mHamx1w?t=545

Yes. All known serious vaccine side-effects occur within six weeks of inoculation. Both vaccines have shown no significant side-effects in the two month period after the second does.

Speaker Introduction--Annie Luetkemeyer

Professor of medicine in the division of HIV, infectious disease, and global medicine at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital where she directs the HIV clinical trials group. Prior to all of this, her interests were in HIV and tuberculosis co-infection, development of novel tuberculosis diagnostics.

Annie Luetkemeyer: Monoclonal Antibodies as COVID Treatment https://youtu.be/jlM7mHamx1w?t=2565

Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory produced antibodies with a single COVID target. And they typically target a spike protein of the coronavirus. They are given IV or subcutaneously. They are being evaluated across the spectrum of COVID disease, inpatient outpatient, and then very excitingly for use in prevention. Two studies stopped in hospitals due to lack of efficacy, but will begin with modified parameters. Use in outpatient settings shortly after a positive COVID test seems to indicate reduction in viral load, and reduction in hospitalization in vulnerable populations.

Annie Luetkemeyer:What the heck is going on with Remdesivir? https://youtu.be/jlM7mHamx1w?t=3183

The WHO has recommended against Remdesivir use. Remdesivir works on RNA preliminaries to block replication. Remdesivir was shown to reduce time to clinical improvement: 15 down to 10 days, eight days less of receiving oxygen, lower progression to noninvasive and invasive ventilation. There was another large study called the Solidarity study.and they really focused on mortality, ventilation and length of stay. And they didn't see a benefit of Remdesivir overall in all commas on mortality, the need for ventilation or the length of stay. It is safe, it does appear to reduce recovery time, but does not appear to impact mortality.