Best Of Geography With Dr. Binocs | Continents, Glaciers & More | The Dr Binocs Show | Peekaboo Kidz

foreign I wish this world was one I wish there were no boundaries no Nations no continents I know it sounds impossible Kitty but it is said there was a time when this world was actually one big supercontinent called Pangea [Music] hey friends in today's episode let us learn about this enormous single landmass we call Pangea an answer a drifting question how continents were formed zoom in [Music] so what is Pangea well the Earth we see today didn't appear to look like this over 240 million years ago as it didn't have seven continents but instead one giant supercontinent called Pangea meaning all lands which was surrounded by a single ocean called pantalasa yes my dear friends all the countries lived harmoniously with each other until great breakup began to happen which is known as continental drift as the continents slowly drifted to their current positions on Earth's surface this theory was proposed by scientists named Alfred Wegener in the year 1912 as he explained the similarities between the continents he showed us how the South American and African contained fossils of animals like mesosaurus in areas that match up across the ocean he further explained that it is physically impossible for these reptiles to swim across the Atlantic Ocean thus we can say that these animals lived within the rivers and lakes of a single giant habitat that later broke apart he also showed how the ancient rocks on the Brazilian Coast also matched those found in West Africa and also explained the presence of similar plants in different continents but the scientific Community was not entirely convinced by weakness evidence due to lack of a mechanism for how it works so later the theory of continental drift was replaced by the science of plate tectonics but the massive question is what are these plate tectonics and what causes the continents to drift apart well for that we need to look below our feet deep inside the Earth's surface at the deepest layer of the planet known as the core where it's as hot as the surface of the burning Sun this center of the earth is surrounded by mantle which is covered by the crust the surface at which we live [Music] however the ground below you or the crust is not a single solid land and is broken into many pieces like a jigsaw puzzle we call tectonic plates and we won't believe but the crust is continuously moving or traveling across the Earth at the rate of about 10 centimeters per year in the process called plate tectonics this motion occurs on the top two layers of the earth the lithosphere and the asthenosphere the speed at movement on which these tectonic plates move is influenced by the temperature and pressure of the asthenosphere below although the scientific Community is still trying to figure out the driving force behind this movement but what we surely know is these tectonic plates move in different ways and the point at which they meet or interact is called Boundaries that have created the world what we know today how let me explain the first type of interaction is convergent boundaries in this process the plates move towards each other and when they Collide the land is pushed upward to form massive mountains the second type of interaction is called the divergent boundary in which two plates move apart in this process the space between the two plates widens and becomes a massive Rift such as Mid-Atlantic Ridge between South America and Africa and finally the third interaction is called transform boundaries in which the Earth's plate slide past each other in opposite directions this grinding of the transform boundaries can create pressure that could lead to many earthquakes like what happens in San Andreas Fault you'll be go friends now we know how the ground below us moves and will continue to change the world around us forming mountains Islands volcanoes and who knows a new continent too trip your time did you know the Himalayan Mountains including Mount Everest were formed by the convergent boundary of the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate yes you won't believe but these plates are still colliding with each other which is why Mount Everest grows at one centimeter per year hope you learned something new in today's episode until next time it's me Dr binox zooming out please oh never mind [Music] oh little kitty good to see you solving the seven continents puzzle don't worry my dear when Dr binox is here hey friends in today's episode let us go around the world to explore the seven continents and learn what makes them unique the culture the key points and most importantly answer a five marks question what are the seven continents of the world when we look at a globe it is not difficult to spot these large solid areas of land we call continents they come in Old shapes and sizes from small to large and the Earth has seven continents in total they are Asia Africa Europe North America South America Australia and Antarctica although these continents are part of one world but they all have different climatic conditions environment population and much more so let us have a brief look at what makes these continents so different from each other let's start with the largest continent of them all Asia covering one-third of all the land on Earth yes my dear friends it is home to a whopping two-thirds of the world's population living in 48 countries among these are China and India they hold the number one and number two spots for being the most populous countries in the world with nearly 1 billion people each not only that the world's highest mountain Himalayas as well as the highest Plateau the Tibetan Plateau are located in the Asian continent and it is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean the Indian Ocean and the Arctic Ocean next comes the second largest continent in the world our very own waka waka Africa that lies between the Atlantic and Indian Ocean it consists of 54 different countries that are more than any other continents it is blessed with the world's longest river the Nile in the East and the northern part is engulfed with the world's largest desert the Sahara desert not only that but this continent is also home to many wild animals such as lions elephants zebras rhinos and much more [Music] next let us visit the world's second smallest continent and that is Europe this place is home to one quarter of the total population in the world that stays in nearly 51 independent countries with various ethnic groups and languages Europe's western coast is on the Atlantic Ocean while it is divided from Africa by the Mediterranean Sea in the South the European part of Russia covers more area than any other country and the Vatican City is the smallest country not only in Europe but also in the world now let us move forward and visit the world's third largest continent North America North America is surrounded by the Arctic Ocean in the north the Atlantic Ocean on the east on the south by the Caribbean Sea and on the west by the North Pacific Ocean it is made of 23 different countries some of which are the USA Canada Mexico as well as the Caribbean islands this beautiful place is blessed with natural wonders such as Yellowstone National Park and the Grand Canyon the human-made Panama Canal separates North America from our next continent South America South America is the world's fourth largest continent bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the Northwest it consists of 12 sovereign states and some of them are famous for their soccer teams such as Brazil Colombia and Argentina it is also blessed with the Amazon River rainforest the world's driest desert the Atacama and the world's longest mountain range the Andes it is also home to many unique animals such as capybara llamas and anacondas next comes a continent which is also a country and that is Australia and when you add New Zealand New Guinea and a few other Islands to it we also call this continent australasia Australia lies between the Indian Ocean in the west and the Pacific in the East some of the famous places in this region are the Opera House in Sydney Great Barrier Reef Queensland Great Ocean Road Victoria and much much more and last let us visit the South Pole of the earth to see the fifth largest continent of the world Antarctica which is surrounded by the Southern Ocean this place is almost entirely covered in ice and the temperature can drop below minus 80 degrees Celsius but despite such cold weather this great white continent is home to many species such as seals seabirds and many more trip your time [Music] did you know sometimes people think of Europe and Asia as a single continent and call it Eurasia [Music] also India and many other regions around it like Pakistan Bhutan Nepal Bangladesh Maldives and Sri Lanka makes the Indian subcontinent [Music] hope you learned something new in today's episode until next time it's me Dr by Knox zooming out foreign [Music] [Applause] [Music] the highest landform in the world little kitty huh yes little kitty hey friends in today's episode let me take you around the globe to witness the natural beauty of Earth is blessed with known as the landforms and briefly explore the exciting formation process with stunning Graphics from our creative team zoom in so what are the landforms of the earth just like all living beings have certain physical features that distinguish them from each other similarly the planet earth is made up of various unique features and characteristics we call landforms yes my friends the landform is the natural geographical or physical features of the Earth that are classified into various types such as mountains Hills valleys plateaus Plains Etc but before we shed some light on these types of landforms let us briefly examine the process leading to the formation of these features first comes the external process in which external factors such as Wind and Rain shapes the Earth's surface by erosion and deposition yes erosion is a process in which sediments get deposited in a different location whereas sediments are the materials on the Earth's surface such as soil and rocks next comes the internal process and as the name suggests it is the process that occurs inside the Earth's surface such as plate tectonics and volcano eruptions these occur because of the extreme heat in the Earth's core causing the molten rock in the mantle layer to move as a result causing uneven movement on the surface these layers are either uplifting or Sinking forming different types of landforms that can be categorized into mountains plateaus and planes so let us explore these major types of landforms starting from the mighty mountains mountains are landforms higher and steeper than the surrounding areas in general the mountains are higher than 200 feet and divided into three categories fold block and Volcanic yes when two tectonic plates collide and the edges of these plates fold because of the tremendous force between them it creates the fold mountains on the other hand the block mountains form when large areas are broken and displaced vertically these large areas of rock sometimes stretching across hundreds of kilometers are created by tectonic and localized stresses in the Earth's crust and the third type of mountains are the volcanic mountains that are formed due to the magma flowing up from the mantle to the crust of the Earth next comes the planes most of the Earth's surface consists of low and high plains that are flat although low relief areas on the surface of the Earth these are the most fertile region of the planet and are the most suitable for human habitation and agriculture activities like farming and poultry it might be formed as a result of the sedimentation of a bloated soil from the top of the hills and mountains or due to flowing lava deposited by the Agents of wind water and ice now let us look at the landform we call plateaus a plateau is a flat elevated landform that rises sharply above the surrounding area on at least one side plateaus occur on every continent and take up a third of the earth's land and are divided into two categories dissected plateaus and Volcanic plateaus a dissected plateau forms due to the upward movement in the Earth's crust caused by the slow Collision of tectonic plates whereas a volcanic Plateau is formed by numerous small volcanic eruptions that slowly build up over time creating a plateau from the resulting lava flows and the fourth major type of landform is the ecological landscape known as the deserts it is a dry piece of land with little or no vegetation due to lack of rainfall in deserts the atmospheric air is arid and the daytime temperature is high the process by which fertile land becomes desert is called desertification you won't believe but human activities are a primary cause of desertification yes these activities include over grazing of livestock deforestation over cultivation of farmland and poor irrigation practices over grazing and deforestation remove plants that anchor the soil as a result wind and water erode the nutrient-rich topsoil also whose from feeding livestock compact the soil preventing it from absorbing water and fertilizers [Music] strip your time did you know the largest plateau in the world is the Tibetan Plateau located in Central Asia yes it stretches through the countries of Quebec China and India and occupies an area of 2.5 million square kilometers also landforms can exist underwater in the form of mountain ranges and basins Under the Sea the Mariana Trench the deepest landform on Earth is in the South Pacific Ocean hope you learned something new in today's episode until next time it's me Dr binox zooming out and the painting is done ah never mind hey Kitty look a 17 year old internet NASA has discovered a new Earth-like planet isn't that brilliant I understand your curiosity Kitty but one day we might be able to settle on a different planet but it's possible only if the new world has all the full major domains of Earth present on it oh do Ming Skitty hey friends it rightly said that heaven is under our feet and over our heads but no wonder we fail to acknowledge it so in today's episode let me tell you about those home major domains of the earth that make our Earth indeed a heaven zoom in so what are the four domains of Earth the massive Universe formed millions of years ago as infinite undiscovered spaces trillions of stars millions of galaxies and the nine planets in our solar system but the universe blessed planet Earth with living beings and to make life possible three different components meet so humans can survive and thrive these are the elements of land Water and Air these are nothing but the domains of the earth namely the lithosphere hydrosphere and atmosphere which give rise to the biosphere let's have a good look at each of them starting with the lithosphere and to know about it let's speak a little beneath the earth's surface as you can see it is made up of various layers out of which the crust and the upper layer of the mantle make the lithosphere which is basically the solid portion of the Earth the lithosphere is further divided into two parts the continental crust which is the thick part of the Earth's crust which forms the large landmasses and the oceanic crust that could be found deep under the ocean and seas which are denser than the continental crust [Music] now let us move further to learn about the hydrosphere you see although the Earth seems hot and burning from inside but when you look at it from space you'll see one soothing cool planet due to its blue shade as around 71 of the earth's surface is covered by water and this water-covered area is called the hydrosphere this 71 of the water is found in three different forms that is water located in a liquid state until the water bodies such as oceans Seas lakes ponds Etc in a solid state such as ice and gaseous State such as water vapor but always remember that out of the 71 percent of available water only 2.5 percent is consumable by humans so it is advisable that you consume Water Wisely and not waste or contaminate it now let us move further and look at the sky I know you feel that the area between the surface of the Earth and space is a vacuum or there is nothing in between but let me inform you that a lot is happening there as it is covered with a set of layers of gases we call the atmosphere that surrounds the Earth this Invisible Shield of gas performs various duties like keeping us warm providing the oxygen and it is where the weather changes the atmosphere is further composed of different layers and each layer has its prominence the first layer is the troposphere the lowest layer of atmosphere that ranges up to five to nine miles above the Earth's surface and is tensor than other layers the troposphere is where all of Earth's weather occurs and contains approximately 80 percent of the total mass of the atmosphere now as we move ahead up to 31 miles from the Earth's surface we enter the stratosphere this vital layer absorbs harmful UV rays coming from the Sun towards the Earth with the help of the ozone layer present in it the next layer is mesosphere where meteors rushing with a high speed gets burnt up and after that comes the thermosphere where the solar radiations are absorbed and you can witness the Aurora in the same layer and the last layer is exosphere which meets space now coming back to the fourth domain of Earth that brings all the elements such as land Water and Air together is our last sphere the biosphere the biosphere represents every part of Earth where living organisms are found that could be commonly divided into two main parts the plant kingdom and the animal kingdom this sphere ranges from the vast sky to the base of the enormous water bodies such as oceans It is believed to be formed millions of years ago where the first living organism to be created was bacteria so you'll be gold friends these are the four domains of the Earth we need to survive and thrive on this vast universe and the Earth is the only planet to be blessed with it so cherish it nourish it and make sure not to do anything to perish it because this is the only home we have our beloved planet Earth trim your time did you know scientists claim that the Earth is approximately 3.7 billion years old which also makes the biosphere to be almost the same age also researchers say that the depth of the biosphere is complicated to measure as there are fish known to be living as deep as 8 372 meters in the Puerto Rico Trench hope you learned something new in today's episode until next time it's me Dr binox zooming out [Music] ah never mind [Music] there seems to be some issue with the power supply due to which the ice in the refrigerator has melted well for that we need to visit a glacier hey friends in today's episode let us visit this cold region on the planet and explore some fantastic information about this white Paradise we call Glacier zoom in so what are glaciers Glaciers are huge masses of ice made up of fallen snow that can be as small as soccer fields While others grow to be hundreds of kilometers long although these icy white mosses may look Rock Solid but you will be surprised to know that they aren't steady and slowly keep floating across the land they have resided upon similar to how the rivers flow hence they are bestowed with the title of rivers of ice Glaciers are of two types alpine glaciers and ice sheets yes the alpine glaciers also known as Valley glaciers or Mountain glaciers tend to form along the mountain sides and move downwards Through The Valleys due to pressure in comparison the ice sheets cross the boundaries of the mountain areas when they form at first they create a dome in the center from which they spread out in all directions and cover the landforms such as Hills mountains and valleys but the cold question is how are the glaciers formed [Music] glaciers begin forming in places where a large amount of snow accumulates each year then melts once the snow falls it starts to compress or become denser and tightly packed and slowly changes from light crystals to hard ice pellets we call neeb after this when more snow falls over the old ones it buries the Neve underneath compressing it further and turning it into dense rainy ice called fern an intermediate State between snow and Glacier eyes this process of snow compacting into glacial Fern is called fornification and as time goes by after many years and many snowfalls there's a fern built on top of each other and when the ice grows thick enough the fern grains fuse into a huge mass of solid ice forming the glaciers which could take over a hundred years until we see them slowly free-flowing on Serene water but do not underestimate them by the way they move yes although glaciers move gently they are a force to reckon with and can destroy almost everything in their path even dense forests Mighty Hills and mountainsides are no match for glaciers also as these glaciers move they erode or wear away the land beneath and around them these white masses carry enormous amounts of rock soil and clay and some of the boulders they carry are as big as an elephant but here is a thing to remember my friends Glacier Ice today stores about three-fourths of all the fresh water in the world many people believe that if temperatures across the globe increased enough that the glaciers melted sea levels would increase significantly leading to floods along the coastal lines yes we have witnessed a rise in sea levels every year and scientists believe that melting glaciers could be a significant reason behind it it is still unclear how much the sea level might eventually rise because of melting glaciers but what is clear to all is that the Earth's average temperature has been increasing dramatically in recent times and Glaciers are important indicators of global warming and climate change in several ways that could have a severe effect on not only humans but also other creatures [Music] yes the increase in the level of fresh water will impact the ocean ecosystem as there are many organisms like corals and other salt water fishes that depend on salt water for survival they may not be able to adjust to more fresh water habitat so it's to save the world from drowning we need to stop the temperature from rising dream your time did you know unlike red and yellow light waves blue light can penetrate snow and ice yes and hence this penetration results in making those glaciers appear blue also talking about physical characteristics Antarctica's Lambert's Glacier which is said to be the largest is about 270 miles long and 60 miles wide [Music] hope you learned something in today's episode until next time it's me Dr binox zooming out [Music] never mind and as the winter arrives the mama bear and baby bear prepare to migrate to Tundra [Music] Tundra little kitty haven't you heard of it before no worries so in today's episode let me take you and our beloved friends out there on a breathtaking journey of this chilly freezy and Breezy place we call Tundra region zoom in this world is divided into different regions where some are covered with lustrous green grass While others are engulfed in Golden deserts and these large naturally occurring community of Flora and Fauna occupying a major habitat is called a biome and Tundra is one such biome of this diverse environmental community but the vital question is how do we exactly identify a tundra region from its counterparts well let me give you a quick tour you see one way to quickly identify the tundra region lies within its name my friends yes it gets its name from a Finnish word tantaria which literally means a treeless plane and with its long and extreme seasons of dark freezing winter times and short Summers that aren't much warmer it's easy to see why few species of plants and animals can survive here the Tundras out of two times namely the Alpine and the Arctic the Alpine Tundra covers approximately three percent of Earth's land surface had it is mostly found in the northern hemisphere this region exists at very high elevations atop mountains where overnight temperatures fall below freezing whereas the Arctic tundra is located in the higher altitudes in the polar regions in the Northern Hemisphere and covers almost 20 percent of the Earth's surface and believe it or not despite being in such harsh conditions the Arctic tundra is blessed with many living organisms including plants animals and humans who need some special adaptation techniques to survive you see being a windy region it takes a lot to survive here in the Tundras also the subsoil layer over here is Perma Frost meaning the ground is completely Frozen making it impossible for the trees to grow because of which the tundra has patchy low to ground vegetation this includes grasses mosses and lichens all of which are better adapted to withstand Tundra's cold conditions [Music] and not only plants but animals in the tundra such as polar bears gray wolves snow geese Etc are also adapted to its extreme conditions for example the Caribou also known as reindeers build up stones of fat to sustain and insulate them through the winter they also have thick coats of fur for further insulation and save energy by hibernating during The Long Winter months waiting for the summer to arrive yes the summer brings a short relief and acts as a growing season that lasts 6 to 10 weeks and during this period The Sun Shines for 24 hours and hence it is also known as the land of the Midnight Sun but unfortunately this isolated land is increasingly threatened due to human activities such as oil drilling yes my dear friends perhaps the greatest danger however comes from climate change warming temperatures could upset the cold tundra biome and the life in it and melt its underlying former Frost releasing greenhouse gases that would further accelerate global warming so it's essential to limit human encroachment in this region if we want to save the world trivia time did you know Tundra insects have also developed adaptations for the cold yes mosquitoes for example have a chemical compound that acts as antifreeze lowering the freezing temperature in their bodily fluids also animals in the tundra biome tend to have small ears and Tails which helps them to store more heat in the cold while some of them tend to have huge feet which help them to walk on top of the snow hope you learned something new in today's episode until next time it's me Dr binox zooming out [Music] oh never mind

Channel: Peekaboo Kidz

Views: 438,068

Keywords: Best Of Geography With Dr. Binocs, best of geography with dr binocs, continents glaciers & more, what is a glacier, what is pangea, tundra biome, tundra region, geography for kids, earth for kids, landforms of the earth, land formation geography, four domains of earth, geography video, learning videos for kids, science videos for kids, earth video, all about geography, seven continents name, peekaboo kidz, dr binocs, dr binocs show, the dr binocs show, peekaboo kids

Id: NVLv52rE4ug

Length: 42min 44sec (2564 seconds)

Published: Tue Feb 28 2023