Artificial Intelligence: Reality vs Hype | STYT

this afternoon we're actually gonna have a an interesting panel separating sort of the reality in the hype around this big boom that we're seeing in artificial intelligence right now so with us to help separate fact from fiction is Andrew Eng who is the founder of landing AI as well as deep learning AI and who previously actually helped build some of the large-scale AI teams that both Google and Baidu so actually I just want to start Andrew there are a lot of people in the front few realistic me pictures of us I'm not used to this Oh Joey this is very fast should we pose I think they're just collecting training thank you so actually speaking to the audience but we do have a lot of c-level executives in the audience who are trying to grapple with what this big push into AI actually means for them I know you've actually talked a lot about AI as the new electricity could you talk about what you mean by that and also how do the people in this audience prepare for prepare for such a fundamental shift to their businesses the rise of electricity about 100 years ago it transformed every industry everything from manufacturing agriculture health care and transportation we can't even imagine how to run those industries today without electricity and I think AI technology is similar to the rise of electricity about 100 years ago is now mature enough for us to see a surprisingly clear power for it to transform every industry Mackenzie had a study estimating 13 trillion US dollars worth of global GDP growth economic value creation due to AI one surprising thing about that is that most of this economic growth will be in sectors outside the software industry you read about AI real companies like Google Baidu Microsoft and so on and a I have transformed those industries and is continuing to advance but what not many people realize is that the next will be for us to go and transform all of the other industries everything from manufacturing agriculture retail logistics and so on and they'll be exciting many years of work ahead of us totally and and you know in terms of the subject this panel being around the hype of artificial intelligence I feel like we've gone through a few years of just a lot of it's almost hysteria around what this technology will bring to different industries and you're talking about beyond even Silicon Valley and high-tech what do you feel like are some of the most misunderstood or it biggest misconceptions about what AI is actually going to disrupt it turns out he is creating tremendous economic value today it turns out 99 percent of the economic value is creating today is from one type of mainly from one type of technology called supervised learning and that means learning input outputs or a to be mappings for example speech recognition works much better now than you know five years ago that's an AI that inputs an audio clip and outputs a text transcript or their eyes our self-driving cars we now have an AI system that can take us input a picture of what's in front of your car and increasingly reliably tell us where are the other cars and this technology is powering a lot of the rises so driving or the most lucrative application of this is early online advertising not the most inspiring but that she has a big economic impact and that's an AI component that takes this input information about an ad and some information about you and outputs are you going to click on this out or not because by ranking as you're more likely a click on that drives the economics of all the online ad platforms outside software internet landing AI we do a lot of work in manufacturing visual inspection for example rather than having dozens of people stand around looking at you know smartphones to see if there's a scratch on a smart phone there the faster you just manufacture we can build an AI that inputs a picture of a smartphone or whatever thing Auto component PCV then you just manufactured and outputs is there a defense is there a scratch or the in this and this automates visions faction and health factories improve youth and improve quality so this idea a to be mappings it seems so narrow is so limiting but when you find it right to commercial use face for it this turns out to be enough to I think transform every industry yeah and and with landing AI you know you talk about manufacturing or the rather it feels like that's one of the ones that you feel like massive breakthroughs are gonna come with AI what other verticals are you guys looking at or different applications that you're exploring that you know where's the next breakthrough coming from from sort of an unexpected industry my friends and I used to challenge each other to name an industry that will not be transformed by AI in the next decade I have a hard time coming up with such an industry my best example when our friends are changing our was I thought you know maybe the hairdressing industry I I felt I don't know how to build a robot to cut hair although I once said this on stage and one of my friends does robotics professor was in the audience and afterwards she stood up and she pointed at my head and she said Andrew most people's hairstyles I couldn't get a robot to cut it but your hair robot could totally do that but I think there are some industries that may be a little bit more AI ready so industries that have gone a little bit further on the digitization power here if you have computers your data is no longer on pieces of paper increasingly recorded and computers those industries tend to be more ready for AI to come and eat the data and create value but I actually find it difficult to think of a major industry where it won't have a fusion yeah and in terms of how much you know landing AI is an example of a SAS product where you know a company would come to you and say hey can you help us build AI internally for you know a different size businesses let's say you have a large enterprise versus smaller medium size what do you recommend in terms of bringing building that muscle in-house versus relying on a third party like yourselves or potentially one of the larger players in the industry for for their AI muscle the challenging thing about AI for many industries is that it would drive strategic change as in to make an analogy earlier a wave of Technology disruption is easy understand but the rise of the Internet we saw that a taxi company plus a website is not a true Internet company instead companies like uber and lyft are true Internet companies and that changes they call business activity of what it means to be a transportation company there are also incumbent companies for example Microsoft and Apple were not internet companies you know they predate the modern internet but they transformed themselves to change a lot of business activities to become true internet computing this created tremendous value the rise of AI I think may be equally disruptive as the rise of the Internet and this will also change the nature of for many businesses what are the activities that create value how do you build a defensible modes where to play where not to play and I think more companies you know a couple years ago a lot of SEOs are coming to me and say hey Andrew is this evil killer robot we are gonna wipe us all I think over the last couple years the executive audience has made sure I get much less of that now but and I find that companies are getting better at thinking through the tactical projects like if I spend you know a million dollars on vision inspection can I make five million dollars back or whatever but I think many companies are still struggling with the strategic repositioning of what it means when AI becomes pervasive what are the valuable and defensible businesses in that era and it is hard but I hope companies can you can figure this out what do I mean is there any rule of thumb in terms of some of the businesses and the size and scale that they have because hiring this talent is so expensive these days you know I remember a few years back when everyone needed a chief data science officer is it we're getting to the point where everyone in this room needs to have a chief AI officer or will some companies just rely on outside players for that because they're too small and simply can't afford that talent so the I think the mid-sized companies that that's the hot dogs that quest like what's Dale and like is there anything revenue wise or I think I think for the large companies you know let's say market cap billion dollars and up I think that every updater then AI is a huge strategic opportunity and potentially sickness reteaching right one of the things I published several months ago was an AI transformation playbook where I talked through some of the steps I recommend to companies to adopt AI one piece of advice is not small if you haven't already run some pilot projects brainstorm some projects that could be valuable for your business and run a small pilot project I remember in the early days of Google brain not many people know this but even Google way back when I'm starting you know the team was skeptical about modern AI about deep learning people just thought would did not believe in it so my first internal customer was the Google speech team which you know it's a nice project but it's not web search or advertising it's not what drives most of Google's revenues but by my team making Google speech recognition more accurate and helped me gain internal allies and hope the company learned how to use modern dealer named my second internal customer was Google Maps where we use computer vision to read house numbers to more accurately place houses on Google Maps improve the quality of map data and there's only after those two successful internal customers that I then started a more serious conversation with the as team so the lesson that I think is still applicable to many companies today especially outside software internet is this ok to start small brainstorm a few projects identify something that can do a very quick win and execute on that and use that to gain momentum oh and one other pro tip I found talking to a lot of companies that the number one project that the CEO gets excited about that's actually not the first project you should work on and actually speaking we do have a poll of just to get gauge what challenges you're seeing in the AI landscape within your own businesses if you just want to go to Bloomberg St y-t-dot-com and I think there's a button that for live polling and there should be a question about artificial intelligence you know in terms of some of the biggest challenges that you're seeing your different clients sort of have to absorb with the moon landing AI yeah what's top of mind for you to me number one would be scoping the right projects it is challenging because their technology is so complicated it's difficult to have fine judgment on what is doable and what's not doable so you don't actually but for many years I think many automotive executive stood on stage and announced completely unrealistic roadmaps the self-driving cars so there was over the inflated expectations and even today is difficult to know what I can and cannot do so that you don't under you're not unduly ambitious and say oh I can do anything and you also don't sit down the powerful process is impossible so when landing here I works with customers one of the things we spend a lot of time on is something spinning sometimes you spend a couple days of work shopping with our customers to brainstorm specific use cases and usually if I commit significant resources to project I would want to brainstorm half a dozen projects and for every project spending you know sometimes a small number of weeks doing diligence to ensure that the project is technically feasible and AI experts like my team could help with that but then also sitting with you to make sure that the project actually creates business value as the business diligences only after the combination of technical diligence and business divisions with I feel comfortable committing resources their project for several months to work on no it does I don't know if you see the results here you can see them on the screen over here but it looks like Talent the big one you know I I wonder especially when you talk about some of the fields that or you know like manufacturing I know another big one that you're talking about as agriculture I'm just curious do you have any recommendations for the folks who are trying to hire that that that amazing AI engineer who might be just tempted to go work at perhaps a sec senior problem at Apple or Google or buy do some of the places you've worked at in the past just cuz that might be a tough sale saying hey come to work on this agriculture problem or a manufacturing problem versus some more consumer facing dilemma so the level the availability of machine learning engineering talent is so insufficient but is actually giving a little bit better than before you know Coursera has started with my machine learning course and that course has reach plus a new deep learning specialization offered by teaming area we've reached about three million people around the world and so there is a growing workforce that there's highly motivated longing to spend the spare time working really hard on evenings and weekends to study this stuff so there is a growing workforce that is skilled and excited about working on these problems I think the scarcity the thing that you just cannot find really hard to find is the AI archetype AI architect or the AI strategist they can come in look at your business and find the custom use cases available for your business you know I've worked on online ads right for some time it's not the most inspiring thing but it's really you know lucrative for some companies and I've seen the crazy amount of customization that the our large online ad platforms do from very custom models to custom hardware the data centers with custom networking to shave off several milliseconds for how fast we can serve you ads so the advertising industry has found it very valuable to do the customization of machine learning data centers everything to drive the economics the advertising industry is only a small part of our economy I think other parts of the economy are much bigger and over the next decade one thing I don't think people fully appreciate yet is the amount of work it will take to take AI and build highly custom solutions for manufacturing agriculture transportation logistics and all of these other industries and it will not just be downloading an open-source thing off github because there's a lot of customization that will be very valuable for all of these industries in terms of finding this housing I think there's there's often the usual you know bill versus body and landing AI one of the things we do is we could we act as some of our customers outsource chief AI officer where for outsource some of the work to us we can help build a team provide training and our motto is build AI systems for you while also teaching you how to build AI systems so that after a couple years you can reinforce the AI function and then hopefully become a yeah enable business in your and just in one more minute I want to open up to questions we have a couple more minutes I think there might be mics floating around if you want to throw your hands up we can come find you but but Andrew you know just to zoom out toward the end of this discussion and talk some of the bigger trends going on there was a fascinating discussion just a month or two ago between Elon Musk and and Jack Ma which really demonstrated some of the the hype and almost fear around some of these technologies and the disruption they'll bring to society Jack Ma was very optimistic he thinks it's going to improve lies where as Elon Musk is very apocalyptic he really thinks this is you know bringing the doom for society where do you land on that debate it seems like you're more on the optimistic side but but but walk me through that you know I think that what I think the biggest challenge of AI is it is treating a concentration of power for and I think with the last technological disruption the rise the internet we created tremendous wealth but it was very concentrated a lot of that wealth was concentrated in a few helps you know Silicon Valley and Beijing and frankly to less extent to some extent New York as well but the rise of AI we work a tremendous wealth is really clear but I would love for it to be more fairly shared this time one of the challenges that the internet and AI creates the society is that is causing more industries that become winner take most or winner-take-all and for example take farming you used used to be you know you said a pretty decent life being a farmer right you know cell phones raised chickens raised trough sell your crops but what arrives in the internet this allows centralized players including everything from John Deere Monsanto Tyson chicken or no Felicia of any of them Thibodeau use IOT satellite imagery collect data centralize it process the data and then sprint conclusions back house all of these farms to help them optimize you optimize how you found chickens or spread out technology from farming technology to DNA technology or whatever and so the centralized players because the internet lets you aggregate all this farming data from across the nation and then a I unless you processes data the the pendulum is swinging in the direction of centralized players being most efficient and because tech has infected every industry we are causing many industries not just software internet so these winner take most or when I take all dynamics for businesses this creates a lot of pressure to make sure that you know you are the one right to be a little bit ahead of the others and capture the positive feedback loop and maybe be one of the companies that thrive in you industry and the race is on in many industries between incumbents as well as the startup disruptors so I think the winner-take-all positive feedback loop dynamics in many industries means that I see CEOs face a lot of pressure because by the time were startup disrupter you know it has gotten traction it may be too late so from the corporate level I think that's a big challenge from a societal level I think the challenge is how to make sure that the wealth we creates if we're creating natural monopolies and many more industry verticals how to how to make sure that the wealth we created is fairly shared and are there any questions in the room I don't know if we have mics floating around sorry it's hard to see what the lights here we go under is there a mic or if you just want to yell I don't know what that I can we can hear thank you Henry on with hhn capitals so Andrew we talked briefly earlier when you look at China has made a lot of progress in AI that's one of their key technology if we have to if you have to make a prediction in about 10 years out do you think we're going to be as a country u.s. will be leading to AI in terms of applications or you think China will be leading it because we're running in sort of parallel paths but both countries are making a lot of progress so in essence u.s. or China and rationale for your basis in terms of response thank you I think what I think how fast different countries advance it is up to us it's up to all the views up to all of us to determine our fate um sometimes the us-china relations is posed as a competition in AI and I think that's a that's not the most useful framing with the rise of electricity we saw that many nations around the world now have green electric grid so I'm very happy that when I travel to Colombia where I have a team that Colombia has a great electric grid you know as my travel to Singapore they're very electrics birth China has a strong electric grid and I think that all of the electricity operators around the world can learn from each other so electricity an AI not a zero-sum game and by lifting up the whole world we could actually all learn from each other because the u.s. having a strong electric grid although I'm actually I actually live in California electric grid is not doing so well these weeks but but the fact that the US has strong electric grid it doesn't make anyone elses electric grid we just have 45 seconds left but I wonder rather if you don't think that's a useful framework in terms of the competition between China in the u.s. having worked at Baidu in China as well as Google toward the sort of titans and powerhouses of AI does one culture sort of have in a competitive advantage in terms of the US and China having worked in both sides I think both each country has unique advantages and I think both countries should not just us in China I think all nations around the world from to learn from each other I have a team in Colombia as well which I think may be poised to be a leading AI powerhouse of Latin America in the future and for the world we create to be fairly shared I actually hope that there will be more hubs of AI than just looking value in Beijing Silicon Valley in Beijing are now significant head of all the cities I will say London you know is actually relatively distant third and Canada is also maybe somewhere in the mix but because their technology is still so immature there's still a very good chance for almost any city almost any country to become a future and leading AI hope and smart government action investment in education building business friendly environments I think all of those and then building community we need to work on this together we're actually really stronger together we'll all be keys to making sure that we could build multiple AI hubs Oh may hopefully you need you up there's a lot now well great we'll have to leave it there we're out of time but please join me in thanking Andrew and

Channel: Bloomberg Live

Views: 4,918

Keywords: Bloomberg, Landing AI

Id: NUUsICq5ySk

Length: 20min 56sec (1256 seconds)

Published: Wed Oct 30 2019

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• Original Title: Artificial Intelligence: Reality vs Hype
• Author: Bloomberg Live
• Description: Oct.30 -- Landing AI Founder and CEO Andrew Ng sits down with Bloomberg's Austin Carr at Sooner Than You Think in Brooklyn.
• Youtube URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NUUsICq5ySk