An Inside Look At New York's Most Powerful River | America Over The Edge

[Music] the historic Hudson River from the George Washington Bridge to the city of pyy and the Catskill Mountains beyond the last canoe and kayak Club on the Manhattan Shoreline there used to be boat houses all up and down the river even before the George Washington Bridge was built a world famous research facility Lamont D is 100 Acre estate where scientists engineers technicians make science happen and flying in style above the Hudson River I've seen the Colorado I've seen the Mississippi and none of them compare to the Hudson River Valley now 50,000 km of Eastern Coastline are revealed from above an aerial Journey over America's rugged Atlantic Frontier this is America over the edge [Music] you just west of Manhattan and north of the Statue of Liberty New York Harbor meets the mouth of the Hudson River the Hudson River extends more than 500 km North it is named after English Explorer Henry Hudson the first European to chart these Waters here in the New York metropolitan area the river serves as a political boundary dividing New York and the state of New Jersey It lines all of Manhattan and communities like Hoboken Union City and Edgewater on the New Jersey side beneath the river tens of thousands of vehicles pass by each year through the Lincoln Tunnel and the Holland Tunnel and on the water the river serves as a maritime Highway North a conduit for all types of commercial Goods to the cities of Newberg Kingston and Beyond [Music] at the Northern end of Manhattan the George Washington Bridge connects the New York neighborhood of Washington Heights with New Jersey's Fort Lee the bridge is named after the first US president who staged an attack against British forces from this spot during the American Revolution the British had captured New York and Washington wanted to end the occupation but the plan failed Washington was forced to evacuate thousands of American troops across the river to New Jersey from the air we have a unique perspective on the massive effort that would have been when the George Washington Bridge was complet completed in 1931 it boasted the longest main Bridge Span in the world it held the record for 6 years until the completion of San Francisco's Golden Gate [Music] Bridge today the George Washington Bridge carries 106 million Vehicles each year but beneath the constant chaos of this double deck suspension bridge peace and Tranquility can be found on the water we're at the Inwood Canoe Club beautiful Northern Manhattan this boat house has been around for a while I've been coming here for about 11 years and every time I come out here can't beat it the Inwood kayak and canoe Club has been operating since 1902 when similar clubs lined the Manhattan Shoreline I mean before my time uh there used to be boat houses all up and down the river uh even before the George Washington Bridge was built um there were boat houses and in the days before air conditioning everybody wanted to come down to the river in the Summer with the way things went over the years we are the only surviving boat house from that era uh in uh Manhattan today the club is perfect for dedicated members like Kevin McKeon so I'm going to take out the sea kayak I normally use when I go out paddling um it's a nice comfortable boat and um it's pretty easy to carry so um just got to put the h hatches on and get set up okay so I usually bring it down to the um the float here and this is a new float we just made it we're all real excited about [Music] it today makon is Happy poor weather early in the day has vanished and the Hudson river is as calm as it gets [Music] yeah so it's good being out on the water now uh right now it's pretty calm right here um but um if you go out a little further you're going to get some current um doesn't look like it's that strong right now but um and the weather yeah this is great it's holding up so right now I'm facing down river towards the George Washington Bridge and there's a uh Tugboat uh pushing a barge there so you do see a lot of uh commercial traffic not a whole lot that up here but you see a pretty steady stream throughout the day of tugs and barges and maybe once in a blue moon you'll get a ship so this is typical for this time of day on the river and uh now I've got the place to myself uh there's nobody else here out here paddling it's uh Thursday afternoon and um pretty nice pretty [Music] nice today the Inwood kayak and canoe Club is a recreational organization but in the Glory Days of Hudson River boating it was a different story the history of our club was such that we had people that uh went to the Olympics and competed well we have a board back there that lists all the people that went to the Olympics and that have won medals um so you know they they would come out here every day uh and [Music] train uh but that's uh a while back since we've had anybody go to the Olympics we haven't really been a racing Club probably for a good 20 years or so as Kevin mcken returns to Shore and prepares to close up shop for the day he's carrying on a Century old Legacy at the last Club of its kind on the Hudson River we got a great group of members here that keep this place going it's been around since 1902 and uh I'm just happy to be a part of it a lot of the the people who come here here are basically who are members now are basically recreational kayakers New York City is is pretty much an Ur Urban uh atmosphere and they a lot of people tend to forget that it's really an island and that you're right on the water so it's a great opportunity to get out there uh with nature and I tell you the truth when I go out and paddle on the weekends I'm out there in the middle of the river or up up River and it's like there's hardly anybody around I can't believe it's just a wonderful resource and not as many people as could be are taking advantage of [Music] it continuing North from the George Washington Bridge the Western banks of the Hudson River begin to rise [Music] here on the New Jersey side the Hudson River Palisades extend more than 30 km [Music] North the Palisades are steep Cliff faces that rise as high as 165 M and can be seen from the northernmost reaches of [Music] Manhattan the Lenape Native Americans called the Palisades we hawen or rocks that look like rows of [Music] trees today Palisades Interstate Park is home to 100,000 acres of Parkland in New York and New Jersey the park is a joint effort between the states dating back to 1900 to protect this national natural Landmark from quaries and other [Music] development I think that's an interesting thing this one piece will make 52 layers watch on mobile devices or the big screen all for free no subscription required [Music] 25 kilm north of the George Washington Bridge the New Jersey state line veers [Music] Inland from this point North New York state lines both banks of the Hudson River and hidden in these magnificent Hills is a world famous research facility where science s investigate the origins Evolution and future of the natural world Lamont DHI is part of Columbia University it sits up on top of the cliffs on the edge of the Hudson River and here is 100 Acre estate where up to 500 scientists engineers technicians and all the people who help make science happen work Lamont's the place where where it's often considered the birthplace of tectonics the place where we learn that the continents move and apart from another and crash into one another it's also was a birthplace of paleo oceanography how we figured out that the ocean records change over millions and millions of years and changes chemistry of the small things that are recorded and saved in the bottom the ocean Robin Bell is a specialist in ice and is looking to answer some of the great challenges facing the world I like many scientists at Lamont like to look inside things and understand how they work and what I'm very keen to understand now is how the ice sheets are changing I work in both Antarctica and Greenland where we know that the ice sheets are changing we see the edges dropping we see the edges speeding up and we see the edges losing weight just like they're on a diet the science we're doing is trying to understand how and why this is happening and what's going to happen in the future and in her research lab at Lamont Doty Robin Bell has access to some of the world's most advanced technology so there are two things people love to see when they come to Lamont and this is one of them this is the ice pod Imaging system that we use to go explore how the ice sheets are changing look through several miles of ice take the temperature of the surface and measure how deep the water is around the edge of the ice sheets this system mounted on the side of a plane produces an image that is clear to see we're now going to look at an example of the kind of data that the ice pod takes when it flies over the Greenland ice sheet and this is a cross-section of the Greenland ice sheet so this is the sky where we fly the aircraft this is the ice surface where we scientists can walk we can land airplanes we can drill holes this is the 2 km of ice and this is the rock beneath the Greenland ice sheet and as you can see it Thins and Thins and thins towards the edge where the ocean sits out here this is the part of the ice sheet where the change is happening this is where when we measure from space we can see the edges dropping the ice flowing faster to the ocean and we when we went measure its mass it weighs less than it used to in addition to studying polar ice conditions today Belle can look for clues in the past this is the Lamont doy core [Music] depository the other place at Lamont that people love to come visit is the Lamont core collection and this is where for the past six decades Lamont scientists have been collecting samples from the bottom of the ocean floor and they send tubes down to the bottom of the ocean floor and bring back samples what we can see is how the oceans have changed over time and how each ocean has experienced changing climate differently each of these tubes holds a sample of soil gathered from beneath the sea the sediment samples contain records of tsunamis landslides and icebergs so here's a sample that was taken in the North Pacific and you can see it's almost Dusty in places and this is what scientists would go in and Sample and they'd look for the micro fossils the little remnants of creatures and plants that lived in the ocean and it will tell them about how climate and currents and ocean Behavior change you can see this is almost like dust here and this is what becomes basically gold for scientists trying to understand the chemistry of our oceans and how things have changed in the past and understanding the past is how we're going to help understanding what's going to happen to our planet in the future but while Robin Bell's research is on a global level the implications of her work have an impact here at home there are three big ice sheets on our planet one in Greenland and two in Antarctica the one in Greenland is melting at the surface the one in Antarctica in West Antarctica is the one that is changing the fastest cuz it has its base in the ocean which is warming and that's the one that we think could change sea level in North America on the order of 20 ft what we know about sea level is if we were to go down to the very tip of Manhattan we know that since the 1800s when my grandmother was born it's gone up about 11 in so about almost up to my knee we know that the models tell us in the future the ice sheets will keep on changing and we expect to see that rate of sea level continue to increase [Music] and far below the Palisades on the Hudson River one group is looking to protect and preserve the ecological future of this Waterway Carl copelan is with River Keeper the Hudson River has been used by people for longer than recorded history I mean the Native Americans were here from Millennia and this was they called it the river that flows both ways when uh hendrik Hudson came to the river and explored it he described it as being teeming with Wildlife and Fish and just a rich resource and it still is one of the richest water bodies in the whole Atlantic Basin but in more recent years the Hudson has suffered pollution and contamination from industrial operations lining these Waters like everywhere else in the United States the the Industrial Revolution the 19th the first half of the 20th century people just didn't care what went into the water bodies they used to say you could tell what color they were painting the cars and because the uh you'd look at the color the Hudson River was flowing that [Music] day finally after years of Devastation local residents took action I'm back in the 1960s a group that was group of fishermen actually recreational fishermen and Commercial fishermen on the Huds were really upset with the pollution with the fact they couldn't sell their fish because they tasted like oil and they couldn't use the river for swimming anymore and they decided to organize and they organized something called the Hudson River Fisherman's Association they started a Grassroots effort to counter the industrial impact on these Waters River Keeper was formed as a full-time advocacy group they have slowly made gains helping to preserve much of the natural Splendor lining the river so this is hook Mountain over here it's part of the palisad ridge which extends all the way down the river to um New Jersey right across from Manhattan Island and this is all State Park from here from upper nyak all the way up to havra about 7even or eight miles and it's just it's one of the it's amazing that this really Scenic wild view point on the uh the river is so close to New York City and so close to the popul ated areas of Westchester and Rockland counties and we're really lucky to have this kind of resource here as a recreational opportunity as a way to connect people to these Vistas and to the the history and the natural environment of the Hudson and it's also uh it's also a great natural resource for the environment too some of the the biggest environmental challenges still facing the Hudson River include we still have polychlorinated bipen pcbs in the in the sediments in the river um these were dumped by industrial manufacturers north of Albany during the mid middle part of the 20th century and they're still there and the pcbs and the sediments still contaminate the strip bass and the other fish in the river which is the reason there's no commercial fishery for strip bass in the Hudson now and just south of the village of nyak one industrial project is reminiscent of past challenges so we don't have so much industry left on the Hudson um you see in the background here they're actually rebuilding the tapen bridge right now they're building a new bridge uh interesting project can't say that I'm I that we were all in favor of it huge environmental impacts pile driving dredging um all the boat traffic there have been a lot more dead sturgeon endangered sturgeon reported in the tapen while that project's going on Carl Copeland has sailed the Hudson River for most of his life he says despite the victories Advocates have enjoyed the fight will never stop I've been doing this working with River Keeper uh for over 20 years now and some of the cases working on like fighting power plants and their impacts of sucking fish from the river and killing them still are the same battles we were fighting way back before I got there even in the 1970s and what I like to tell people is you know when you're fighting these environmental battles when you win it doesn't mean You' saved the environment you won the right to keep fighting to protect the environment from the next threat and that's basically what we're doing [Music] north of the village of nyak and the town of havra we head Inland above bare Mountain State Park and from high above the true scope of these Rolling Hills can be felt baram Mountain State Park covers 21 Square km a popular destination for biking and [Music] Hiking it also offers incredible vistas of the Hudson River from Perkins Memorial Tower high at top Bear Mountain [Music] but the most striking feature here is the vast expans of forest [Music] Beyond Bare Mountain State Forest is connected to Herman State Forest together they are part of the northeastern Coastal Forest ec- region 89,000 Square km of pristine nature from Delaware to Maine far below be Mountain Bridge marks the only River Crossing between nyak and Newberg the bridge was constructed in 1924 and was the longest suspension bridge in the world until the completion of the Benjamin Franklin Bridge in Philadelphia the bare Mountain Bridge was the first automobile Crossing to span the Hudson River South of [Music] Albany 5 km North we return to civilization above one of the most famous military facilities in the world this is the United States Military Academy known as West [Music] Point West Point was established by US president Thomas Jefferson in 1802 and turns out 1,000 Army Cadets each year today the crowds are arriving to watch Division 1 football with the Army West Point Black Knights taking on the Bucknell bison from Lewisville Pennsylvania Beyond West Point at the Hudson River Village of Nelsonville the hills rise even higher these are the Hudson [Music] Highlands the Hudson Highlands are part of the Appalachian mountain range with the hills rounded tops molded by glaciers passing through the Hudson River Valley The Rock in these Hills is more than a billion years [Music] old [Music] and the hills lead to the city of Newberg located in Orange County Newberg was first explored by Europeans when Henry Hudson stopped here in 1609 later it marked the base of operations for the Continental Army during the American [Music] Revolution centuries later Newberg enjoyed a different claim to fame it is a hub for motorcycle enthusiasts in America a legacy that can be seen at newberg's motorcycle pedia Museum uh the collection of motorcycles uh represents about a 100 Years of collecting UH 60 years with my dad and about 40 with myself my dad collected primarily or exclusively Indians and myself probably the Harley and the other brands including uh the Choppers Ted doring began restoring and collecting bikes decades ago a passion that led to one of the most impressive collections of motorcycles in the world so growing up on a farm basically my dad had a lot of old motorcycles at uh not in great condition but they did run there's plenty of acres to ride around so probably 10 or 12 years old riding and then when I got to be in my teens thinking I want to quit college that's not that much fun started working around a motorcycle business so total there's over 500 motorcycles uh in number in the museum they were in storage uh probably since the 1950s 60s in uh garages or warehouses and then in 2010 we decided uh to put them on public display amazingly the motorcycle timeline here stretches back to the 19th century this powered tricycle was built by the French company Dion bhon so this section would represent the origin of the motor bicycle and later they called it the motorcycle this is the oldest running motorcycle uh in North America 1897 in 19 1902 a similar model would be used to set a land speed record as French Racers yor Oso reach speeds of more than 109 kilm per hour I think we waited I waited many years or decades to find an example like this so this is definitely uh I would say my favorite but the largest section of the museum honors Ted ding's father and his interest in the Indian motorcycle now this is the uh Indian timeline of the americanmade Indians made in Springfield Massachusetts most people consider them the true Indians beginning in 19 1901 uh certainly it's basically just a bicycle with a motor they started with that and then as time went on it gets heavier uh one of each year is represented in 1904 was the first twist grip which is on today's motorcycles the same they powered the ignition with a dry cell battery it would take three batteries to uh to fire the coil for Indian they kept growing pretty well and their largest year was 1913 that was Indian's best year you know before and after so that probably was the Pinnacle of the Indian company at 32,000 units they did develop the first electric start motorcycle in 1914 and uh Harley didn't have an electric start until 1965 so I think they spent a lot of their money in developmental costs the Indian timeline continues to 1953 when the Springfield Feld Illinois Factory ceased operations it just kept getting heavier and heavier and then in the late uh 30s early 40 they developed the uh the idea of the skirted Fender this is an example of the 1953 model it's the last Indian produced in Springfield Massachusetts as you can see they were way down in production they went down to 500 units uh the last year they're saying the last one was built in May of that year and while Indians were the favorite of Ted's Father Ted himself came on the scene when a different style bike was all the rage okay we're in Chopper City The Chopper City Gallery uh this would be an example of one of the earliest Choppers probably late 60s a lot of handmade components the the riter would have did this himself hand painted uh a lot of just handywork and everything's his own done on a relatively limited budget so I think the Choppers is as crude as they are they pretty much Define a pretty narrow section of time uh culturally so this one would have been probably during Vietnam uh maybe he came back from Vietnam but using car headlights so he put a grenade for the foot Peg folds down he well of course that's weld it by hand uh I think anything to get attention but I think a lot of times too uh people ask oh why do the motorcycles want to make so much noise but it's kind of like when a cowboy uh rode into town he would start shooting his pistol to say hey I've arrived so the motorcycle guy has loud pipes hey I'm here finally downstairs the museum is home to a wide variety of famous and historic bikes so now we're entering the downstairs Gallery uh this is the uh the police section so this is our local police motorcycle city of Newberg they still use motorcycles they like the police like motorcycles because they can get attention and people actually notice when they're uh directing traffic or trying to get things under control so we have a Washington DC police this was from uh Richard Nixon's era and I believe this escorted him out of the capital when he was uh when he resigned this is the JFK uh police bike from the motorcade this is the pride of the collection I think because of the history and the feelings where everybody uh understands that day in Dallas it's actually in 1964 it was brand new in September of that year they were radio controlled and they were the first ones to actually uh send word back that the president was shot we hope we can preserve it for another 50 [Music] years continuing North the city of pipy marks one of the most famous destinations on the Hudson River [Music] pipsy is the halfway point between New York City and New York's Capital [Music] Albany its unique name comes from the whoer Native American language upu aing translates to the Reed covered Lodge by the little water place a ref reference to a nearby stream emptying into the [Music] river and from the air we enjoy an amazing view of one of the Hudson's most Innovative and Scenic attractions the pipy Highland railroad bridge is better known as the walkway over the Hudson a steel Calver Bridge more than 2 km long it was completed in 1889 and carried trains east to west over the river for 85 years until it was damaged by [Music] fire Community groups saw an amazing opportunity and after restoration and preparation the bridge was opened as a walkway in 2009 [Music] now known as walkway over the Hudson State Historic Park it is the longest foot bridge in the world visited by 500,000 people each [Music] year beyond pypy the Hudson river is lined by a series of mansions and historic homes on the East Bank of the river the home of Franklin D Roosevelt Historic Site marks the birthplace and burial site of the 32nd US [Music] president the home we see today was designed and remodeled by Roosevelt himself Roosevelt visited here 200 times during his presidency and the Mansion became known as the summer White House hosting visits by King George V 6 and Queen Elizabeth as well as Canadian Prime Minister William lion McKenzie [Music] King in 1943 Franklin D Rosevelt gave the property to the American people and today it is operated by the US Park Service as a National Historic [Music] Site the grave of President Roosevelt can be seen on the lawn of This Magnificent estate and just beyond the home of Roosevelt the Vanderbilt mansion National Historic Site is even larger from the air we can truly appreciate the size and scope of this Riverside estate a perfect example of the homes built by wealthy industrialists of the Gilded Age completed in 1899 the Vanderbuilt Mansion features 54 rooms and covers two acres for Frederick Vanderbilt it marked a perfect location in the heart of the scenic Hudson Valley yet close to New York City and Vanderbilt's New York City [Music] Railroad finally beyond the home of Roosevelt and the Vanderbilt mansion and set back from the river one of America's most I iconic Landscapes can be [Music] seen the Catskill Mountains Are The Gem of Southeastern New York State they cover 15,000 square km and Rise more than a kilometer High back to the river the Esopus Meadows Lighthouse is located on the west side of the Hudson [Music] River it is built on a strong Granite foundation with piles driven deep into the riverbed below the current structure was built in 1871 and is the last surviving wooden lighthouse on the Hudson [Music] River and the light marks the gateway to another historic New York [Music] Community Kingston was the original capital of New York State and was burned To The Ground by the British in [Music] 1777 the 19th century the city became an important Transportation Hub a Crossroads for Road River and [Music] rail but like newberg's connection to motorcycles Kingston and nearby Reinbeck hold a link to aviation history in the Hudson River [Music] Region the Reinbeck Aerodrome began as a hobby for aviation pioneer Cole [Music] Palin but what started as a Pastime quickly grew and while Palin died in 1993 the Legacy he built continues the old R A Drome was founded in 1959 by a gentleman named Cole Palin he uh made everything we see here on the field F and uh created a museum full of old airplanes old cars old motorcycles anything that was you know vintage and essentially turn of the century up through the uh mid 1930s it all uh you know it all started out as just colon had six airplanes that he bought at auction from Roosevelt Field down on Long Island they were original World War I uh you know aircraft that had flown in the war and were in a museum down there at the airport he uh assembled these airplanes and put them back together and made them fly and uh he would start flying them on the weekends uh really just cuz he enjoyed flying old airplanes gradually others became interested in the Hudson Rivers Aviation Legacy and the potential for an Aerodrome the facility we see today was established in the 1960s we're always trying to give the look and feel of in original kind of uh uh you know grass strip airport out of the 1920s everyone who's here tends to be interested in vintage antique things all over the aerodrome aviation history is being brought to life including a project that has been in the works for two decades so there's a lot going on at the Museum right now you can see in front of us is the uh uh the final stages of our uh completion of our Spirit of St Louis reproduction this will be a faithful reproduction of the Spirit of St Louis which was built by Ryan Aircraft company for Charles Lindberg in 1927 uh the aircraft successfully uh crossed the Atlantic Ocean from New York to Paris with Charles Lindberg at the controls uh Ken cassen our chief mechanic and chief uh restorer is uh finishing the covering of the wing uh and uh today he's sanding on some of the struts before he puts a final coat of paint on in another nearby storage Bay the replica fuselage awaits completion along with a number of aircraft used regularly at the aerodrome we're in our main storage hanger here at the aerodrome it's where we keep our airplanes during the air show season so that we can pull them out every Saturday and Sunday and fly them for the public also in front of us here you'll see our spe of St Louis reproduction this is the fuselage uh as it's waiting for the wing to be covered and painted so that we can mate the two together uh the other airplanes we're seeing here are two of our air show performers the by plane here is a 1918 Curtis Jenny this was a trainer in the World War I on behind it there is a Curtis Robin That's the orange and yellow airplane same manufacturer and about 10 years later so you can see the difference in engineering and design over the course of 10 years the biplane the Jenny is right after you know right towards the end of World War I and the Curtis Robin is really the Learjet of its [Music] time the difference between our Museum and other museums is we actually get the airplanes out they're not static things hanging in a grand hallway or behind a rope where all you get to do is sit you know see them sitting there Gathering dust the top attraction at the Rybeck Aerodrome may be the bipe rides guests can experience clay Hammond says it is a rush that cannot be described in words taking off in a bip plane for me is a very very visceral experience and I hope for all of our passengers it's the same it's the wind in your hair it's the sight of taking all this in with no you know no cabin structure no wind you know no windshield or window between you and the outside so as we're taking off in the bip plane uh we're uh departing to the north and uh we're coming up above the tree line and to the left you can see the Catskill Mountains to the right are the birk Shears of Conneticut and Massachusetts uh and uh in between all that is the Hudson River Valley here uh and the River [Music] itself uh we're still in that area of the river where it's tidal so the tides come and go on the river it's technically you know in a lot of ways it's a fiord for that first 80 miles or so and uh it's just it's one of the most beautiful parts of the of the river and I think it's one of the most beautiful river systems in the US I've seen the Colorado I've seen the Mississippi the Rio Grand the Columbia the Missouri Ohio name them all I've seen them all from the air travel and flying airplanes and none of them compare to me uh you know to these rolling verdant Hills of the Hudson River Valley that are just in the spring and summer they're they're beautiful in the fall they're golden oh it's just the most beautiful site you'll ever see in an airplane for clay Hammond the Reinbeck Aerodrome is an important piece of aviation [Music] history but for him and others here the s is a link to their personal past growing up on the scenic shores of the Hudson River I may be a bit of an outlier but I'm a I'm a child of the Airdrome I was born here my dad was a pilot and a mechanic in the 80s so I grew up as a you know as a a four-year-old and whatnot during my formative years running up and down this flight line pestering everyone for airplane rides so for me I having grown up here as a kid you know I came back as an adult because that feeling of the whole place never left me I I was living and working in the modern world as a corporate pilot uh and uh you know but always pining back for this you know this way of [Music] wife from Manhattan's upper west side and the incredible George Washington Bridge to be Mountain State Park and the Hudson Highlands to the mansions and Estates lining this pristine [Music] Waterway the Hudson river is a mix of worldclass city and scenery and from the sky we can truly experience the Grandeur of this [Music] region and appreciate the conservation efforts of those attempting to learn from lessons of the past and build a sustainable and vibrant [Music] future here on the edge of America [Music] he

Channel: TRACKS - Travel Documentaries

Views: 10,646

Keywords: City Life, Commercial Goods, East Coast landmarks, East Coast waterways, Exploring Cities, Historic Bridges, Hudson River documentary, Hudson River facts, Human experiences, Lincoln Tunnel, Manhattan, Metropolitan rivers, Nature Conservation, New York metro area, River Ecology, River exploration, Road Trips, TRACKS - Travel Documentaries, Urban Development, Water Sports, World cultures

Id: LtOjIfAOnZ0

Length: 50min 42sec (3042 seconds)

Published: Thu Dec 14 2023