THE GOVERNOR OF NEW YORK SAYS THE ATTACK SHOULD NOT DRAMATICALLY DELAY THE PROCESS. ♪ >>> ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE HAS BECOME SO ADVANCED IT HAS SURPASSED HUMAN PERFORMANCE ON SEVERAL BASIC TASKS ACCORDING TO THE A.I. INDEX REPORT PUBLISHED BY THE INSTITUTE FOR HUMAN CENTERED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AT STANFORD UNIVERSITY. IT SAYS AI BEAT HUMANS ON TASKS SUCH AS READING COMPREHENSION AND IMAGE CLASSIFICATION, AND IT ALSO SAYS THE TECHNOLOGY HAS MADE WORKERS MORE PRODUCTIVE AND THAT A.I. IS ADVANCING SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY. THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR FOR THAT INSTITUTE JOINS ME IN THE STUDIO. THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE. SO, GIVE ME A SENSE OF THE PACE. A.I. CAN OUTPERFORM HUMANS, FASTER THAN WE EXPECTED AND WHAT ABOUT THE SPEED OF A.I. GOING FORWARD ? >> FASTER THAN WE EXPECTED. IN TERMS OF PACE, AND ALSO, WE HAVE TO ESTABLISH NEW BENCHMARKS BECAUSE IT IS CONTINUALLY CHANGING AND WE CANNOT KEEP UP, THAT GAP KEEPS CLOSING FASTER AND FASTER. >> THAT IS WHAT FASCINATES ME, BENCHMARKS, WHY DO WE NEED NEW BENCHMARKS? >> WE NEED TO KNOW IF IT IS DOING WHAT IT CLAIMS IT CAN DO, IF WE MEASURE AGAINST WHAT YOU MEANT TO ABILITY -- HUMAN CAPABILITY IS -- OTHER AREAS OF READING COMPREHENSION, MATHEMATIC COMPREHENSION, THINGS LIKE THIS. SO, IF YOU NEED TO SEE WHAT IT IS IN COMPARISON TO THE HUMAN. >> WHAT I WONDER, WHEN I TALK TO PEOPLE INVOLVED IN CREATING THESE SYSTEMS, THEY SAY THAT, DEPENDING ON THE COMPUTE POWER, THERE MAY BE A TIME, WE MAY BE THERE ALREADY, A.I. SHOWS THEM WHAT IT CAN DO, THAT IS WHITE BENCHMARKS INTRIGUE ME. THEY ARE NOT CERTAIN WHAT A.I. CAN DO UNTIL HE DOES IT, SO THE HORSE WILL BE OUT OF THE BARN BEFORE THE DOOR COULD CLOSE . >> WE ARE CONSTANTLY SURPRISED BY THIS LEVEL OF WHAT PERFORMANCE AND WHAT COMES FROM THIS THIS IS FROM EXPERTS IN THE FIELD FOR YEARS. ONE INTERESTING ANECDOTE, IN 2017, GOOGLE SPENT $930 ON THE TRANSFORMER MODEL TO TRAIN THAT, FAST FORWARD FIVE YEARS, YOU HAVE WHAT COSTS $200 MILLION FOR GOOGLE TO TRAIN GEMINI ULTRA. THIS IS EXCEEDING DRAMATICALLY TO GIVE THOSE SIGNIFICANT GAINS YOU ARE SEEING. >> WHAT IS YOUR SENSE OF -- THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITH CONTROL OVER THESE SYSTEMS IS RELATIVELY SMALL, A SMALL GROUP OF HANDS, MORE A.I. LEGISLATION THAN EVER BEFORE, HOW DOES THAT BALANCE, LEGISLATION TO OVERSEE THIS AND THE FACT IT IS IN THE HANDS OF A SMALL GROUP OF PEOPLE? >> LEGISLATION MAY MAKE A DIFFERENCE, BUT WILL MAKE A BIGGER DIFFERENCE IS PUBLIC- SECTOR INVESTMENT. BY THE GOVERNMENT PUTTING IN THE RESOURCES THAT YOU HAVE DIFFERENT STAKEHOLDERS, ACADEMICS, NONPROFIT, THESE SCIENTIFIC THINGS YOU WOULD GET, LIKE THE INTERNET OR GPS, THINGS LATER COMMERCIALIZED THAT DEVELOPED IN THE NONPROFIT SECTOR. >> THE IDEA IS TO GET MORE PEOPLE INVOLVED IN THE PROCESS TO BROADEN THE POOL? >> YES, TO HAVE DIFFERENT STAKEHOLDERS AT THE TABLE AND MAKE SURE IT IS NOT ONE SMALL SET WORKING ON ESE FRONTIER MODELS. >> WHAT, TO YOU, ARE THE NEXT AGES AND WHEN DOES IT GET FRIGHTENING? >> FOR SOME PEOPLE IT IS ALREADY FRIGHTENING. I AM VERY OPTIMISTIC BECAUSE, ON SOME FRONT, IF USHERED WELL INTO SOCIETY, IT CAN INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND HAVE MUCH INFLUENCE ON HELPING HUMANITY IN POSSIBILITIES. BUT, WHEN PEOPLE SAY IT IS SCARY , MEASURE AGAINST WHAT HUMAN COGNITION IS, THE HUMAN BRAIN, WE DON'T KNOW THAT OURSELVES YET, HOW DO WE KNOW WHERE THE MACHINE LEVEL IS? WE TALK ABOUT ARTIFICIAL GENERAL INTELLIGENCE , THAT IS A TOUGH ONE, IT DEPENDS ON THE DEFINITION, BECAUSE WHAT CAN HUMANS DO? WE DON'T KNOW COMPLETELY. >> IS ARTIFICIAL GENERAL INTELLIGENCE, WHEN THAT IS ACHIEVED, THIS IS THE SEVENTH YEAR YOU HAVE BEEN PUTTING OUT THAT INDEX, WHEN ARTIFICIAL GENERAL INTELLIGENCE IS FOUND, WILL IT SAY, THEY ARE LIKE US? >> PART OF THE QUESTION, IF IT IS ACHIEVED. I DON'T KNOW IF IT WILL BE ACHIEVED BECAUSE WE DON'T KNOW WHAT HUMAN -- THE LEVEL OF HUMANS CAN DO IN THIS SPACE. IF WE LOOK AT THE TECHNOLOGY TO AUGMENT HUMAN CAPABILITY, THAT IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT PARTS. WE SHOW THIS IN THE REPORT, ELEMENTS OF WHERE WE ARE SEEING THAT, PAIRED WITH A HUMAN, WE SEE INCREASES IN PRODUCTIVITY, QUALITY, SPEED OF WHAT IS COMING FROM THIS. THINK MORE OF IT AS AUGMENTING HUMAN CAPABILITY BUT NOT REPLACING HUMAN CAPABILITY. >>
