A MAGNETAR, THE MOST DANGEROUS MAGNET IN THE UNIVERSE WITH THE DIAMETRE OF 15 KM?

with every new discovery the universe keeps challenging us with all today's technological advancements there still remain a considerable number of blanks in the macro cosmos unexplored physical phenomena taking place and the remotest corners of our galaxy are able to both horrify and amaze researchers of deep space and today we will tell you about one of these things the most powerful magnets in the universe with a staggeringly high level of radiation magnet ours mankind has come across some extremely powerful radiation that reached us from deep space several times in the last 50 years but as often is the case with space discoveries the source was slow in being detected by astrophysicists 1979 three us Vela satellites monitoring nuclear tests on the earth detected an unusual gamma-ray flare 1992 astrophysicists assumed that there was a celestial object out there not known to science with a huge electromagnetic radiation coefficient 1998 a gamma-ray flare in the constellation Aquila a number of measuring devices registered and unaccountable anomaly with its source located tens of thousands of light-years away from us 2004 all telescopes in the world were for a short time dazzled less than a second later every cubic centimeter in the solar system experienced a wave of gamma ray radiation the most massive bursts in the entire history of observations and today we're closer than ever to finally putting our finger on the nature of this discovery a magnetar is a neutron star with an exceptionally powerful magnetic field of about 10 to the power of 13 Tesla's which in essence is trillions of times that of the electromagnetic radiation on the earth it is also one of the rarest and really most dangerous phenomena ever encountered by mankind when a supermassive stars on the point of dying as supernova occurs among the multiple scenarios of what may take place after that only one may leap to the star becoming a magnetar after the supernova many of you would have heard about the Russian Roulettes at least once in your lives according to the rules only one cartridge is put in the revolver cylinder the chance of producing a shot after you have spun the cylinder is rather small however when it does happen the consequences are truly mind-blowing be it as it may scientists are still at odds over what exactly this scenario would look like according to the first theory it's the inner energy of the star and its rotational energy that influenced the formation of a magnetar if a neutron stars formed at the time of fast rotation the inner energy of this star as well as its rotational energy which is of great significance in the first several seconds all create a powerful magnetic field this process is known to science as a dynamo mechanism but there is another theory as well after the accretion process the magnetar may be able to receive energy from another star scientists have discovered a magnetar which is on an escape trajectory from our galaxy most moving stars we know set off on their trajectories as a result of supernovae in binary systems this means that the accretion process takes place between the two stars with a common mass center in a binary system matter from one star gradually flows to the other in this case this is the source of energy for a potential magnetar something similar happens with a basketball spinning around the edge of the basket sooner or later it is going to fall but it's the spinning process that pre defines the direction of the fall magnet hours spin on their rack sees extremely fast with a speed varying between tens and thousands of times per second at the same time their dimensions are record small as a rule the diameter of a magnetar reaches a measly 20 to 30 kilometers just to compare the diameter of the moon equals 3000 474 kilometers that is about 173 times that of the average magnetar the mass however is a completely different matter a magnetar with the diameter of 15 kilometers will be significantly heavier than our Sun despite the dimensions it is at staggeringly powerful density of the interior that is the reason for its high magnetic radiation for instance 1e 104 8.1 - 5 937 is an anomalous x-ray pulse are located 9,000 light-years away in the constellation Carina the star the magnet I evolved from had the mass 30 to 40 times that of our Sun the matter in these stars is dense to such a point that a fountain pen cap would weigh billions of tons and a human would be torn to bits within a matter of seconds after landing on the Stars surface several years ago astronomers from NASA managed to register phenomenon which came to be known as a starquake thanks to the Fermi gamma-ray Space Telescope scientists received data about intense x-ray bursts their source was magnetar as grj 155 o minus 5 4 1 8 the magnetic field of this star is so powerful that from time to time its crust bursts with vast amounts of energy released through the crack such starquakes are the source of pulsed electric current in theory if a magnet are of this kind at its most active were to find itself within the boundaries of the solar system we wouldn't as much as notice the threat as the ozone layer of the earth together with all organic life forms would be wiped off within a matter of a few hundreds of a second fortunately however the magnet are closest to us is a safe enough distance away a magnetized hard to approach not only due to the gravitational properties of its core and energy flares at the time of a starquake when a magnetized in its stable condition its magnetic field is able to mess with electric devices hundreds of thousands of kilometers away and within the radius of a thousand kilometers any object would be reduced to atoms in order to systematize the difference in their radiation scientists decided to divide magnet ARS into two variety is by using abbreviations rather than the full names you will see these in any astronomical catalogue SGR soft gamma repeater and day XP anomalous x-ray pulsar in essence SGI and day XP are different phases in the life of one and the same object according to scientists a magnetar exists as an SG our pulsar for the first 10,000 years that is it's a pulsar visible and regular light and repeatedly emitting bursts of soft gamma rays as time goes by it exhausts its properties and recedes into the invisible spectrum when it can be seen to us only in the x-ray range as an ax P according to different sources today among billions of neutron stars the number of known potential magnetized ranges from 30 to 150 there are about 12 of them in the Milky Way with a closest onto the name 182 to 59 plus 586 being about 4 kilo parsecs or 13,000 light years away from our earth the magnetized a soft gamma repeater and if a starquake were to take place on its surface it would affect us only by some slight changes in the top layers of the ionosphere due to their small dimensions and remoteness relative to the earth magnet ours cannot be observed through regular amateur telescopes the method of infrared or x-ray scanning of the sky is usually employed to observe them nevertheless thanks to their active magnetic field emission and radiation these stars are much easier to detect with the use of various instruments this is exactly what took place several years ago in 2013 astronomers claimed to have discovered a magnetar in close proximity to a supermassive black hole right in the middle of the Milky Way the star was detected thanks to several orbital telescopes including the Chandra x-ray Space Observatory SGR 1 7 4 5 - 2 9 wo is only 0.3 light-years away from the edge of the black hole and to date it remains the only neutron star to have been discovered in close proximity to an object of this scale SGR one 745 - 2 9 double O has been observed by scientists ever since its discovery several years ago the level of its x-ray radiation was proclaimed to be significantly lower than that of the stars of this category then use prompted numerous debates can these changes have been caused by the black hole and the stars environs after two years of observing as gr 1 7 4 5 - 2 9 double-o astrophysicists came to the conclusion that all things considered the distance of 0.3 light-years isn't sufficient for any interaction in the magnetic or gravitational field to take place between the black hole and the magnetar after all the reason is likely to lurk elsewhere a magnetized lifespan is quite short just about a million years and it's quite natural for its magnetic field to gradually die down throughout the Stars existence some scientists assume that these processes may be the reason for the change of the Stars status in this case magnet ours can switch their category flare up more frequently or less often deplete the stock of the matter and thus go from the category of SGR to the category of axp in its autumn years a form a magnetar that managed to survive the dissipation of its magnetic field may even become quite a different kind of star namely a thermally emitting neutron star so far just about seven objects of the kind and known to science for their number this group has been dubbed the Magnificent Seven and each of them may once have been one of the most dangerous objects of deep space but in order to establish that it will take us long years further technological advancements and dedicated people willing to devote their lives to searching for solutions to the most dangerous and incredible mysteries of the universe

Channel: Kosmo

Views: 1,351,699

Keywords: Magnetar, star, the most dangerous star, the most powerful magnet in the universe, neutron star, space, cosmos, stars, planets, universe, about space, pulsar, interesting facts, video about space, starquake, black holes, supernova, popular science, astronomy, science, film, sun, dangers of magnetars, kosmo, cosmo, quasar

Id: gOkBReCvrS0

Length: 12min 15sec (735 seconds)

Published: Mon Apr 27 2020