5G System Overview

[Music] hello and welcome to a couple of fantastic hours of 5g in the form of 5g system overview my name is Martin and I will be the teacher for these fantastic hours hopefully and we will be using our fold outs with the colored pens and the big papers and perhaps the ruler so I hope you have that old setup over where you are but I will also be showing you a couple of PowerPoint presentation sort of interspersed throughout this course so I am in fact going to start with that so I think the first question that anyone would ask regarding 5g is what is Phi G it was the first question we asked ourselves anyway when we started working with this and it's kind of a difficult question it's more difficult than with 3G and 4G because then you can say well you had something before and then you tweaked it a little bit you did something you added a new radio interface where you added a new core network or you added this or that whereas with 5g we are prepared to argue that it is much more fundamental change and I'm going to show you all this of course but it's it's I think fair to give warning that I will talk about more than radio because it's it's a quite common I think we would say even misconception that 5g is all about radio which it isn't and there is radio in it there is new radio called new radio and are in it but there's also a whole lot of other things that I'm going to tell you about things that happen outside the radio access network inside the core maybe even outside of 3gpp domain so one way to approach this subject is to ask this what kind of a thing is it's when you just are presented with the word that you don't know what it is is it is it a verb is it a noun is it an adjective what kind of a thing is this and regarding 5g I think some would say that well it's kind of a network you would see the word network near to the word 5g in lots of presentations and then you go to these same sources and then you will find out that maybe it wasn't a network maybe it was an era whatever that really means we are now entering the 5g era is it so sometimes it's like ah well this is more of a philosophical question 5g it's it's a new state of mind it's a business case more than technology it's and revolution rather than an evolution what it what is it now I'm going to talk a lot about technology during this course and as sort of sneak preview into that a lot of that will be based on what 3gpp are saying and writing and but we will try to sort of give a a context for this to show you how other people look at 5g our other organizations look at 5g and use cases that are outside the scope of 3gpp specifications so I figured one way to start this off wants to show you just I would like to show you some YouTube videos of how 5g is presented by different actors in this business and I won't show you a hundred you know hours of video now so I will just show you a couple of short videos and maybe not the whole videos but I think we'll be able to sort of pick out a couple of interesting clues as to what 5g is so if we start off here this is Intel 5g it promises to transform our lives in all kinds of different ways but what is it exactly it's often described as just the next step in the pursuit of an ever-faster network but in reality 5g is much more it's an entirely new technological foundation purpose-built to support the next great wave of life changing digital advancements that will be enabled by our smart and connected future from the safety and environmental benefits of autonomous driving to dramatic breakthroughs and artificial intelligence via machine learning and a whole new era in healthcare to a smart and connected revolution that will transform agriculture cities our individual homes virtual and augmented reality and even the Olympic Games every one of these promising new breakthroughs will be built on the common foundation of 5g all of which puts Intel and our partners in a unique position to build the 5g future together this was only at the end of the film and most of that was very high-level stuff you know fancy science fiction uses of technology in the future but not really concrete examples of what that technology was right up to the end I'm not sure if you saw that but if I just scroll back a little bit we had this picture where there's actually mentioning of smart devices that's not very specific but here we see wireless technology we see LTE that's 4G millimeter wave that's another way of saying high frequencies because we're going to use a lot higher frequencies in 5g radio than previously up to tens of gigahertz or even up to nearly 100 gigahertz so the the common name for that is millimeter wave because right around you know 30 gigahertz you're hitting below 1 centimeters or then you're getting down to millimeters NBI ot is narrowband Internet of Things which is also radio technology for for forming of smaller devices and B narrowband is what it says just thin slices of frequency and even Wi-Fi there is no mentioning here of you know next-generation radio access network or even new radio access networks well that's kind of generic of course we need to have access networks we need to have core network and hear them mention NFV and Sdn okay this is network functions virtualization something that isn't something that came from 5g it has been around for some time you can come to one of our and free courses if you want to but it's an immensely important part of 5g so is Sdn which is software-defined networking and here just cloud cloud technology there's a lot of cloud around these days isn't there so if you look at fire G like this it's not very radio heavy but quite a few things that are still ticking technical there's not a lot of use cases in here but there are technical advancements that are not radio specific moving over to this this is 5g landmarking all illicits Nokia [Music] [Music] did you see that I'm breaking off here this is very dramatic and very radio we as a contrast to the previous film if I go back a little bit here you can see how they mention higher frequencies so normal mobile frequencies are around you know hundreds of megahertz or a couple of gigahertz now we have 28 Giga Hertz but as you will see later on in this course there are suggestions for even higher frequencies than this so this was it's that very radio focused here is Verizon 5g is gonna be a lot of things most importantly though for a consumer expect exceedingly high throughput than you see today so throughput measured in tens of gigabits per second very low latency single-digit latency which means the response time from your request to the action you get from the network will be much shorter than it is today and expect the network that can handle the ability to to accommodate multiple millions and possibly billions of Moschino Machine connections so if you think you want to take a practical example let's think about the Game of Thrones catalog so there's five seasons of Game of Thrones roughly 10 10 episodes per season probably round 500 megabits megabytes of storage per shell today download that entire catalog probably take well over an hour and that's at roughly 50 megabits per second on LTE which you see today quite a bit with 5g when you start to measure tens of gigabits throughput in that scenario you're downloading that entire catalog in under a minute when you look at the range of opportunities that are created by did you hear that this is all about speed now suddenly now it's bitrate its end-users services being able to download Game of Thrones very quickly you need to take that with a grain of salt though because bit rates are it's a it's a tricky matter because you can measure it in different ways and usually or quite often even in the 5g requirements there is a distinction between peak bitrate and user perceived bitrate which is very different in fact the peak bitrate is a number of gigabit per second whereas the user perceived betrayed is hundreds of megabits per second then of course those are requirements and the technology that is then built can of course suppose those requirements and give us much higher maybe they will give us terabits per second who knows but when it comes to the actual 5g requirements they are not really giving end-users gigabit per second to begin with so and so now we are in the bit rate land we are talking about and use the services and the particular end-user service was just high high bit rates fast mobile broadband this is interesting for particular reason let's see if you can spot it this is a speed test how quick can you drive while having a 5g connection or rather how high-speed can you get how high bit rate can you get while driving really fast car here we go [Music] [Music] [Music] so I'm not sure if you if you caught it this was also a kind of a dramatic example there we had we had beam forming did you see that where the beans were kind of following those cars and that will be a little part of the presentation later on that can be achieved with my mo technology so we'll get back to that later on in the course but there was something else that kind of sticks out to me and it was right around here said record-breaking 5g speed then it went on with networks slicing I'm not sure if you if you saw this and just filtered it away or if you know what it is or if you've heard it a lot and figure yeah that's usually said in the context of 5g it is often said in the context of 5g so it's it's one of these popular buzzwords to use because it sounds cool we will talk a lot about Network slicing in this course it's it's just not something that you get more speed with so it's slightly out of context in this film so it's not unlikely that someone just wanted to put it in here to cell network slicing and the fact that they can do network slicing but network slicing is very important so it's it's cool that they turn do that doesn't really affect the speed of the cars I I would argue so network slicing will come back to it's one of these things and I will say this for many things in this course that is part of 5g that is a crucial part of 5g even but it's not created for 5g and it's not even new so something that has been around for a long time it's now being incorporated into 5g but the to-to-to telco people it may be a new thing so we'll say that about Sdn and NFV and Network slicing and edge computing and cloud computing all of this is part of 5g but not really new and not specifically for 5g finally Samsung's take on 5g keep your eyes peeled for the dawn the wireless freedom smaller size faster speeds a smarter world the next advancement is here 5g so what's 5g exactly 5g technology is 200 times faster than 4G allowing for massive amounts of data to be transferred instantly so how does this amazing technology work 5g uses ultra-high broadcast frequencies to transfer huge amounts of data fast even though it's broadcast range is limited we overcame this problem using our proprietary beamforming technology through mu-mimo technology which allows continuous data streaming across multiple devices and masterful multi-cell handover processing to ensure solid gigabyte connections even while on the go the wonderful world of 5g is closer than you think how will Samsung's 5g change the way we do things [Music] wanna take a closer peek third row seats to rock concerts at home no more frustrating video conferences because it'll feel like they're in the room with you from so far away and naturally curious children the ones that get bored easily whole new worlds will now unfold you for them swamped with work for once wouldn't it be nice to have the car drive itself robotic precision will be up to par with that of human hands for making for a safer and easier work environment our smart lifestyles will be freer than before and more convenient than before what do you think worth waiting for right the world of your imaginations made true with 5g it's Samsung fireside well worth worth waiting for possibly so what did we pick up there in that high-speed movie well there were some techy things in the beginning I'm not sure if you saw that we had here was said 3G 4G 5g he had our millimeter-wave right so we had our millimeter-wave and we had beamforming and then my mo mu mu is for multi multiple user my mo so we had these technical things but we also had use cases and in fact quite a few there was a heavy focus on end user services here so we saw virtual reality and augmented reality that's where you sort of overlay an image on whatever you seen for real that's augmented reality and 3d and Holograms and there was driving automatic driving there was remote control of things remote control that that controlling of something on the other side of a network is sometimes called tactile internet which will come up a little bit later when you can even you can almost have a feel feedback I move something my move a pen or a tool here where I am that moves something on another side and whenever that thing on the other side hits a wall or a thing I can feel that where I am so I actually get the feeling whatever happens on the remote side transferred it to me tactile that's some feeling or touch feedback so there was a heavy focus on and user services here did you see the dog was it here this is the dog with VR glasses nice its virtualizing a little bone with the ribbon so 5g can be explained in many different ways it can be explained by engineers in Finland going hmm over a radio a thing in a very cool-looking lab and it can be explained why this with this happy lady on a virtual rock concert if we move back to my presentation we will try to find our way in this jungle and end up with something that is technically describable and towards the end of this presentation I will have a little list of things and I'm going to say that these are the constituent parts of 5g these things together make up 5g it will be a list of six things and I will show you so this is this is 5g according to us at APIs IP solutions because there is no world organization that says this is exactly what five years you can argue 3gpp they do that yeah but they describe technical underlying stuff they don't describe usually their overlying services which some people argue is the only reason for 5g and the important part of 5g so that was 5g in video 5g in pictures can look like this what is 5g about who can make the picture a little bit smaller than like that what is 5g about well it's about lots of smart things so we have smart wearables and smart mobility and smart parking just put smart in front of everything so this is a very end user focused way of drawing this this is the European Union that drew this picture if you go to 5g PPP which is the 5g infrastructure public private partnership they draw it like this so here we see a lot of connected things instead of small things quite often the same thing it turns out connected house connected city connected people connected transportation connected health everything is connected fargy PPP also drew this this is a number that's often repeated we're going to increase the wireless capacity a thousand times and we're coming back to that a little bit in the radio section because most of the sort of bitrate speed increase is done over the radio interface we're going to give services to billions and billions of people and trillions of things energy efficient efficiency is quite an important part of this and it may come as a surprise to some how much of the incentive for the whole virtualization trend going on has to do with a saving poem but that is the case latency zero latency latency normal is normally interpreted as the time it takes from for a message or signal to go from point A to point B so typically from a mobile phone to the network for instance but then it gets tricky because how do you measure that do you measure it to the base station or to the core network or to the application server on the other side of the core network and also any which way you measure it can't can it really become zero does that sound reasonable well even here in this picture if we zoom in a little bit mmm perceiving zero downtime anyway so then we are already sort of scratching on the surface named latency is part of the requirements for 5g so I will come back to that towards the end of this presentation GSM Association GSMA they are also in this game they haven't presented very detailed technical documents yet they have for some things previously so they may in in the future even for 5g but again we are going through how different organizations draw 5g and GSM Association is an important organization so this is Phi G at the center of a heterogeneous network environment and partly the reason why we show you pictures from others is to to sort of explain 5g but also explain how far G can be drawn is so many different ways often in ways that are to some extent difficult to understand so Phi G is the center of a network environment here for some reason 5g is the connector here for mall city motorway but over here in rural there is no connection for some reason also we have 4G and 5g there but not in inside here 5g will incorporate 4G as well we will use 4G for lots of reasons just for normal fallback and in to working with all the technologies but also we can have things like dual connectivity and B be both 4G and 5g connected and so on Ericsson drew this picture where we have the 5g network and this blue line going around like this we have a couple of devices a robot and the power meter and a phone I'm already here we can sort of see that maybe not everything in the fire system will be people so we have this is kind of an internet of thing things kind of thing this is probably a phone this is some kind of industrial application but more importantly this whole thing over here large part of the 5g network is in the core network so we have access and central data center and this is cloud and it says cloud so there is a lot of cloud technology which translates to a lot of virtualization NFV network functions virtualization and Sdn Software Defined Networking so that we can programmatically decide what runs in here where it runs and how they these things connect to each other so there's almost invisible 5g in this little globe over there so I'm thinking that probably means connecting to other 5g players or operators in the world you can also draw 5g like this this is the 3gpp picture of 5g this is quite far from that picture with smart houses and connected health and everything this is very it's difficult to see that this is 5g if you if you don't have any hints or clues but it turns out this is a picture that we're going to spend a lot of time with in this course not exactly this way of drawing this picture because there is a more commonly used way of drawing this picture called the service based architecture which I will show in in in the first lessons but we will have boxes with acronyms like this and they will connect to each other was named interfaces quite often and this is the most standardized picture of three of the 5g that we can show you because even though lots of you know organizations companies educational organizations are part of 5g the only ones who really standardized this technically on a on a big scale is 3gpp so and that's why we are spending a lot of time with 3gpp in this course so you will learn all about all of these things in this course and more I promise you it's popular to measure things we saw that previously the guy from Verizon and the movie started doing measurements with how long time does it take to download the game of Thrones episodes and so on so key performance indicators KPIs or numbers this is a picture from itu itu is the biggest standardization organization International Telecommunications Union there used to be the use of the International Telegraph Union that's how old they are they are since some time back a part of the United Nations so they really are the job is to sort of better the world for everyone and they are the ones who gave rise to 3G and then 4G and now Phi G they did that by asking the world can you please build a thing that looks like this they did this for 3G and so there was a competition and there were essentially two winning horses there was UMTS and CDMA 2000 they did it for 4G we only have one winning race winning horse for that the competition for 4G was called IMT advanced and the only sort of race horse in that race was LTE advanced so LTE advanced is is 4G according to ITU and the 5g competition is called IMT 2020 2020 because because of the year 2020 they are expecting this to become real by the year 2020 and you see the numbers around here you see mobility and you see latency and you see area traffic capacity and you can see these changes so you can see that the latency is not zero for any of these two so the inner inner blob here maybe that wasn't clear is 4G IMT advanced and the outer blob is 5g IMT 2020 so we can see that for instance the peak data rate has risen from 1 to 20 gigabit per second from 4G to Phi G but the user experienced data rate goes up from 10 to 100 megabit per second again then it can be higher than that but these are requirements but then again even when they draw these pictures these numbers kind of vary depending on different use cases ITU themselves how three use cases that I'm coming back to in a moment there's an organization called ng MN for for next generation mobile network and they they help out on the periphery with use cases and standardizing some things and in their use cases they have this use case for instance the indoor ultra-high broadband access which really is one gigabit per second in the user experience data rate column okay so much higher than that requirement that we just saw as a minimum but then again do everyone need that minimum doesn't everyone need a hundred megabit per second not likely if you have that little power meter that we saw an example of previously in that Ericsson picture it probably doesn't need that all the time so for this example here we have resilience and traffic surge this is not a power meter but you can have it for reporting traffic situations and so on well point one megabit per second still the same column user experience data rate just for different use cases we saw Network slicing being mentioned and I made a little fun of that movie because I didn't think you'd really fit in but I thought the movie was really cool and they had the beams for following the car and everything so no shadow on on them network slicing is important in 5g and we will come back to network slicing we will have a whole fold out that we will fill in honor network slicing the general idea with network slicing is to have some kind of physical infrastructure that's this thing down here this is fargy PPP drawing this picture so again in this introduction would like to show you pictures from from other parties than ourselves to give you a varied view of how 5g is drawn so a physical networking infrastructure then then logically we can make this look different ways depending on who is using it so we have a green tenant the green user here he will get the green slice so he will get access - some of these nodes may be part of these nodes and it will look like this we will have these network functions connected to him for tenant B he has other network functions up here that he gets access to but it's the same physical infrastructure the same servers hard drives Rooter switches cables down here that those are the essential physical Lego blocks that we build things with but then it's perceived differently depending on who is using it and this can also change over time maybe at particular moment in time the red user doesn't exist and suddenly he becomes a user so he pays for this and then you boot up the red things down here so that he can you can use those another way of drawing that same thing here from Huawei is here where we have matched the the three slices in this picture with the itu use cases that we are coming back to in a moment so we have a physical infrastructure down here that's this big blue box there and then they are used for three different things for extreme mobile broadband that's one you just download Game of Thrones pretty fast Earl that's ultra reliable low latency communications critical applications as really really needs super low latency it could be it could be critical communication between police and firemen and things like that that kind of could be traffic applications where cars need to communicate really quickly to avoid a collision ultra reliable low latency communication and this is mm TC this is massive machine type communication that's the Internet of Things musci p-- machine type communication is the 3gpp word for machine to machine there's no humans involved and the first M is for massive so lots of things Internet of massive amounts of things not just internet of things but internet of lots and lots of things and of course these three use cases present quite different requirements on the network and therefore they should perceive the network differently and they do this service perceives this kind of network and I won't go into what these things are you can just look at these blobs or these rectangles here and see that they are different in some way the point is that they are different even though they are running on the same physical infrastructure we are slice this physical infrastructure to give us these three very different looking networks so I mentioned ITU and these contests that ITU has they had the 3d contest and the 4G contest and the 5g contest and the 5g contest was called IMT 2020 so these requirements could be argued are the ones that actually matter it is argued by some ITU has different parts there's one part called ITU our R is for radio so the radio side of 5g is this these are the required requirements on on Phi G from the radio side peak data rate twenty gigabit per second but even we just see more and more details right it started off with just mmm one number and then we realize it different depending on if it's peak data rate or user experience data rate and now we see it differs depending on whether it's uplink or downlink so the number we saw previously was actually the downlink because that sounds better because it's a higher number but it's requirement is actually 10 gigabit per second in uplink user data rate we saw the 100 number we didn't see the 50 megabit per second uplink number average traffic capacity maybe it's not often you see megabit per second per square meter but I guess if you think about it makes sense Internet of Things is coming we need to cram things together and we need to get lots of bandwidth to you know very confined areas use a plain latency this is the latency that you probably think of when you hear the word latency how long time does it take for a message to go from the phone to in this case a certain level in the base station and it's not zero but it's not a one number either it's one two four and that depends on the use case so if it's the ultra reliable low latency communication it's one if it's the massive machine type communication where you maybe don't need that high throughput you don't really need super low latency it can be four milliseconds there's another latency which is the reason why I said previously this is probably the latency you think of this latency probably not the latest you think of but it's part of the requirements this latency is not a time it takes for signaling to pass from one place to another it's the time it takes to wake up the time it takes for a device to go from a passive to active state and the requirement happens to be twenty milliseconds for that there is sort of in in conjunction with this average traffic capacity megabit per second per square meter this is number of users or devices per unit of area some a million devices per square kilometer also makes sense in this Internet of Things era right mobile stations speed so up to 500 kilometer kilometers per hour is possible with 5g and again as I said previously with all these numbers you could get system with higher numbers these are minimum numbers requirements minimum requirements and finally sis interruption time this is the time during which devices allowed to just spend time for itself and not caring about the users essentially now yeah the time where it says oh I need to do some housekeeping internally and then I'll get back to you and start sending your user data and that is as you can see not allowed you need to do that at the same time so zero system downtime to do internal housekeeping that was itu-r IQR for radio but then we have itu-t those other high tea is for technical and it's a the they were the radios also technically I guess but but this is the name of that part of ITU that has the sort of higher broader broader view than just radio so they have a Phi G document that look like this all of this that I'm showing you is free to download you don't need to pay anything so the IMT 2020 deliverables they have that and I it's a quite readable document so I recommend it to you I have a couple of excerpts here and I won't even read these full excerpts but there are some highlights here so it says here evolution in radio performance and maybe someone says yes that's what five years but if you read before that five years not only through further evolution and radio performers so that this will happen evolution of radio performance but much more will happen to give us increased end-to-end flexibility software sation is a code word for virtualization so read NFV here here they specifically say Sdn nfe and cloud computing and finally they finish off with network slicing right after this section there is this and this thought is this thought is good and the bullets are not as surprising IMT 2020 that's fine G is not just an increase in bandwidth but rather a fundamental change to support the following capabilities and then these following capabilities are capabilities that you wouldn't be surprised maybe to have seen in 4G or even 3G okay so we need to support 5g radio access technology okay that that makes sense to cope with traffic explosion depends on what you mean with explosion sure there is a higher bigger explosion now than before but traffic has exploded for for some time to easily incorporate future emerging services sure we want that we have probably wanted that before as well we wanted even more now to provide cost efficient infrastructure I think you'd be hard-pressed to find someone in the last decades who said that was not a goal of the technical evolution and to expand the geographic reach of the 5g network so I think the so this is sort of a kind of bland statement but this where they specifically say that this is a fundamental change the change for 4G to Phi G is much bigger than from 3G to 4G and the previous changes as well as a warning to you itu also have these use cases and they're also part of this itu-t document that you can read so it's enhanced mobile broadband and they describe this on a very high technical level not very well defined they say well we can have things like virtual reality for k8k we can have hologram services anytime anyplace so rather high-level description for this or ultra reliable low latency communication here they mention tactile Internet that's what I mentioned previously when I said you operate a device where you are that is sort of controlling a device at the other end you can feel the feedback imagine a surgeon performing an operation on a patient and they're not in the same room that surgeon will probably need to feel in his scalpel device that is probably not a real scalpel but some kind of penny device that is holding he will need to feel sort of the push back from whatever he is doing this is tactile internet or tactile network connections and that sort of overlaps with this medical and industrial robots kind of in in that area and also here the vehicle to everything the v2x communications where it's super important to have both reliable and low latency communication finally the Internet of Things in IT use wording is called massive machine type communication or mm TC and here just says lots of things lots of IOT things but these are the use cases that are being used throughout the world now these use cases are the sort of the benchmark that we use the categorization used for different services in 3gpp they will it creates sort of categorizations for different slices for instance and the different kinds of slices that you can create are explicitly matching these three different use cases that list can be expanded but in the current specification you can make these three kinds of networked slices very much like that Huawei picture that I showed you before those were three slices were those exact use cases so these three use cases are often depicted like this by ITU as well as Sen Huawei and Ericsson and Nokia Alcatel and everyone else in the world so we had these three corners of this triangle or pyramid and then you can match your actual user application well it's a little bit of en baby and a little bit of an empty sea so it's somewhere there or it's mix of these two so it kind of ends to help find your bearings to make you know header tail of the 5g world timelines we have seen a slight allusion to time where we saw the name of IMT 2020 because 2020 comes from the year 2020 and there are lots of timelines presented in the world from different organizations so what we did was we took a few of these timelines and we tried to sort of organize them in a way so in the next slide I will show you a combination of timelines this is just 3gpp first because we are focusing a lot on 3gpp so we want to be very clear with that timeline they have two different phases phase 1 and phase 2 and phase 1 is is release 15 then we are going on with with release 16 which will be the final phase of 3gpp 5g but for G phase 1 has itself to sort of phases sort two parts to it it starts off with non standalone new radio this was finished in the beginning of 2018 it was showcased in the in the Olympics in South Korea non standalone means we don't have a 5g core it means we have 5g radio with notify G core standalone new radio means we have new radio and 5g core and then it evolves with phase 2 so if we look at this and look at this in a sort of longer time scale so now we have from from 2015 all the way up here to 2020 you can see release 15 that's fargy phase 1 so those are the green things up there and after that is finished we follow on with phase 2 which we finished in 2020 and that is the that the final that there's there's not a Phase three currently 3gpp will consider themselves sort of ready with 5g after after phase two then it will evolve as well of course as always no long term evolution long term evolution immediately had sequels long term evolution to its back in is bad long term evolution long term evolution advanced and then long term evolution advanced pro and then we have new radio from the 5g specifications then these will all live in parallel with each other so right now as of this recording right now these the foggy phase one hasn't been frozen because I'm recording this somewhere around here it will release 15 hasn't been frozen which means in a lot of these documents it says for further study or to be determined and not all the answers exists there are questions that are difficult to find answers to and there are questions that don't have answers right now still I will show you things that do have answers and we don't expect these answers to change otherwise it would be unfair to you but but there you go so if we stick a few of these timelines together it can look like this and I won't go through any of the details here I'm just sort of showing you the gist of things 3gpp have their timeline fargy PPP have their timeline we have ng MN that have their timeline they are sort of giving a peripheral support in a way to the to the standardization here and finally ITU has a timeline going all the way back to 3G imt-2000 and we have IMT advanced and then we have IMT 2020 so when it comes to to the ITU timeline what is interesting is the fact that we have the world radio congresses that WRC we have one 2015 and we're going to have one 2019 and that those are important because that's where people are the world needs to agree to a large extent on frequencies to use because we're wondering how will this work how will we agree on frequencies well the world radio Congress is organized by ITU is to a large extent the answer to that question how do we agree on frequencies so we are somewhat agreed but we are waiting for the complete agreement on WRC 19 also it's good to note here that this the IMT 2020 competition the 5g race has one competitor and it is the release 16 so phase 2 from 3gpp it's not release 15 release 15 is the start of 5g and release 16 is the finish of from 3gpp s perspective so a very high level summary around this timeline we had ideas and then we started creating standards doing trials around here that's pretty much where we are right now trials that almost look like final products at least when you talk to sales people Showtime by 2020 hopefully and big time later on because it will be hopefully real here but not widely deployed probably so in conclusion do we agree about anything 5g requirements well it's tricky with requirements we looked at all those pictures that I've showed you and try to pick out the things that come again and again and again so what things do seem to come again and again well really reliable mobile services so users like police and firemen have previously used specialized equipment and specialized networks maybe we can have the 5g be flexible enough to be able to handle those kinds of requirements as well that's part of the of the goal Falls the radio data connection certainly new radio is the at least to a large extent the answer to that and it is maybe one of the things that people think first about when they think about 5g but virtualization is important we need to have more mobile data capacity not just faster networks slicing seems to be super important if you read the white papers from all the players cloud technology cloud computing different access technologies working together I haven't mentioned that so much but we have new radio coming and I mentioned that new radio will live on together with with it with the evolution of 4G LTE Advanced Pro but also there is even in 3gpp there is a quite strong link to using Wi-Fi both Wi-Fi as it is or just using Wi-Fi frequencies but also you can connect it in the Internet of Things world with completely other access technologies maybe you have a gateway that uses a Bluetooth or Laura or ZigBee or any of these cool short-range technologies towards the devices and then translates that and sends it on using 5g to the core network more functions closer to customers we have a whole fold out on this later on neck stands for multi access edge computing and the edge in edge computing is geographically at the edge so much physically closer to the customer something running maybe even on the base station site so not needing to reach towards the core or through the core to an application server that's far beyond the core but actually accessing a server that is very close to the consumer of the service which is one of the ways in which we can get super low latency remember the use case early ultra reliable low latency communication and finally just zillions of connected things that number just changes all the time how many billions or trillions devices will we have well lots and lots and lots of things I promised you a list towards the end where I would say you say to you what we think 5g is and it's not this list that doesn't mean that this isn't true this is the list when we look at all the sort of how far G is being sold and being described by different players in the world if you want to learn 5g technically our consensus is this you need to understand next generation ran that's specified by 3gpp it includes new radio but it also includes new ways to use ran to have dual connectivity and new kinds of carrier aggregation or a have multi radio access technology dual connectivity so that you have the phone accessing both 4G and a 5g at the same time for instance so you need to understand that the the radio access network needs a core that is 5g see the 5g core these two together become the five GS by the way but you will see that in the next presentation some would say this is all this is far G but then you're missing something you're missing virtualization which is immensely important and the best way to approach virtualization from a telco perspective is to look at anything network function virtualization Sdn Software Defined Networking also super important to not have static switches and routers but being able to you know at the flip of a switch or the the press of a button change what a what a packet forwarding device does to be able to use the most optimal path for data in your networks none of these things are defined by 3gpp Sdn isn't defined by anyone really that's not a coherent standard if you will Sdn is more of a technical thing and then there are lots of ways to achieve Sdn lots of different protocols and different creators all of Sdn controllers NFV is in a way the same thing and if we is sort of all we just virtualized things but if you actually use the name NFV like this and the terms within nfe like virtualized network function there's something called an N if we I there's something called the mono all of that is in the NFI bubble so to speak and that's defined by F C so this is X the European telecommunications standards Institute so we have 3gpp 3gpp Etsy pretty much no one we have MEC which is multi access edge computing remember that edge that's running things close to the customer this is also one of these things where edge computing itself has been around for a long time and it and isn't something that some someone owns but there is a mech standard with terms and names and it's also written by Etsy so Etsy does n FV and Etsy does make and finally legacy you need to understand how 5g interacts with 4G or maybe even older technologies how does IMS or voiceover LTE work there is a very little talk about voice over 5g I'm not even sure how you pronounce that volt I can I can say that was difficult enough with a voice over high-speed packet access for spa difficulty Brown volt that much better try to pronounce voice over five G vo fargy love wolf RG it's it's not mentioned almost at all but then again it probably doesn't need to be particularly because we still have IMS we can connect to IMS and we can have forms like that there are some technical details that need to be addressed in order to make for five G work because the names of the quality of service classes have changed from 4G to 5g and they just need to be decided upon all of this is the APIs IP solutions picture all 5g these are technical things that we can describe to you and luckily these are technical things that we do describe to you in this very course that you are attending right now so in the next presentation we're going to start off by showing you like an overview of ng run and 5g see just how what what is an access network what is a core network what do they do and then we're going to continue diving into the 5g core and then pick off one of these things after another and there will be quite a few other I was going to say surprises I'm not sure they are but a few interesting things along the way that you may not have guessed would appear so I will see you in the next lesson you

Channel: Apis Training

Views: 80,661

Keywords: 5G, NG-RAN Architecture, training, course, Telecom

Id: U6WMPXwCKHs

Length: 62min 14sec (3734 seconds)

Published: Mon Apr 23 2018