Why Were Victorian Beach Holidays So Deadly? | Hidden History | Absolute History

this channel is part of the history hits network scattered across this nation there are places abandoned boarded up mysterious i will unlock their doors and make them yield their secrets from a people's palace of dreams that brought glamour and hope to a military hospital that was the birthplace of plastic surgery that's a magnificent piece of work it is a lovely thing this defies all preconceptions and prejudices he'd never done that operation before firing to a vast soviet war machine that brought us to the brink of world war iii submarine warfare is hide and seek i've realized today how chillingly close we were to annihilation to a vast victorian citadel of heroes the size of it a coroner's court you've got the authorities you've got the mob where's the fire brigade in the middle they've always been in the middle this will be my hidden history of britain [Music] in this program i go in search of the lost age of the british seaside you weren't in the sea but you were on the sea a town built for fun men and women bathing together very saucy very continental the numbers of seating for spectators was always much bigger than for the swimmers themselves because of the flesh that was now on show the stabbing of boris a fantasy with a dark underbelly some kind of vision of hell i didn't even want to touch it and in the center of it all a moment that would devastate a family i remember looking into size and seeing something of him that meant he wasn't just the man who killed my dad [Music] nowhere in britain is more than 75 miles from the sea from the sea have come wealth power and new ideas from across the globe and seaside towns like brighton are where we go when we want to throw off the straight jacket of everyday life where we go to escape i want to uncover the hidden history of the great british holiday resort and i'm starting my search of the skeletal remains of one of the most iconic seaside attractions in british history britain's coastline is studied with peers some working some ruins all of them relics of the british traditional holiday the west pier of brighton was one of the most popular it stretched 340 meters and 3 000 people at a time that saw who would probably never have the chance to put to sea could enjoy the magical experience of walking on water but this is all that is left of it now cities like athens and rome are defined by their ruins and since the fire at the west pier this ghostly hulk has also been a key part of brighton's waterfront but whereas ancient ruins are stabilized against further decay the west pier lives on borrowed time sooner or later it will tumble into the sea thank you i want to have a better look at this celebrated wreck and the only way i can get really close is in a smaller boat the ruins of this great structure still sit on steel supports that were screwed into the seabed well over a century ago defying the waters and the elements the west pier survives a testimony to the extraordinary strength of victorian engineering [Music] it's certainly an impressive wreck and like all ruins you have to be very respectful of it it's quite dangerous if you're not careful here for example just in front of our little boat there are two spikes sticking up uh if we go over them we would hold the boat undoubtedly let's see whether we can pick our way through the ruins [Music] nature is reclaiming the pier there are great knots here of muscles and barnacles and you could probably once have heard the band playing but now the only sound is the cries of seagulls another way which nature is reclaiming the pier [Music] here we are at the very heart of the pier having promenaded this far you would here have enjoyed entertainment music dancing it's all eerily silent now and the walkways now end in mid-air history hit is like netflix just for history fans with exclusive history documentaries covering some of the most famous people and events in history just for you we work with some of the world's best historians like susanna lipscomb mary beard and tony robinson exploring everything from the jobs of tuda england to the diaries of queen victoria and it's not just documentaries either we have a network of incredible history podcasts bringing you new episodes every day sign up now for a 14-day free trial and absolute history fans get 50 off their first three months just be sure to use the code absolute history at checkout it's a century and a half since this grand old pier was built but how much longer can it endure marine engineer john oral has been monitoring the ruins for the last two decades have you any idea can you estimate how long it may last until the whole thing has disappeared well i think there'll always be something there if it's just left but uh i would say another 20 years and you won't be recognizable as a pier to me it's quite remarkable that so much remains given what it's been through do you think it was pretty well built it was very well built yes really thick cast iron sections and even today in the north sea we used cast iron as a great durable material the victorians really knew how to build robustly was the pier a quintessentially british thing very much so i don't think there's any country in the world that has anywhere near the amount of peers that there is in the uk in the heyday the pier there was something over 200 and now i think there's about 80 left why did piers become such a british institution historian jackie marsh has investigated the love affair between britain and its pleasure peers oscar wilde said about pleasure peers you have the pleasure of a sea cruise but none of the peril how has it decided to build the west pier here at brighton so it was local businessmen got together to build a pier as a seaside resort to draw people here they would get an act of parliament to allow them to build out over the beach and then into the sea and set up a company and sell the shares what did the west pier offer so eugenius burch who was a fantastic architect who was responsible for the west pier and actually 14 pleasure piers that he designed and it was up here for you to promenade on you had ramps either side so that bath chairs could have access and then you'd have lots of seating all the way around the outside so you can watch people promenade up and down the actual pier and look out to see it at the same time here i am propped up against the last rusty remains of the old west pier but here's a picture of it in its heyday probably at the turn of the victorian period into the edwardian and everything about the pier was elegant from the moment you entered this beautiful kiosk to buy your ticket and then you promenaded across the sea which would be a most unusual experience for many people at the end you would have reached this lovely auditorium where you could have heard a concert or maybe see the play and the pleasure craft were here to take the intrepid out over the waters to enjoy the sea britain has lost quite a lot of its peers to arson and to vandalism and it really is a shame because they were beautiful structures and they were part of the personality of brighton and part of the personality of britain these photographs and the old ruins have given me an intriguing glimpse of a lost world when holidaying on our coast was a national obsession but the early days of brighton were characterized by tears as much as by laughter brighton had severe outbreaks of cholera typhus scarlet fever it is one of the worst towns in britain for it [Music] i'm uncovering the hidden history of the british seaside resort i've explored the ruins of one of britain's most revered tourist attractions brighton's west pier but what was it like actually to set foot there in its heyday the west beer was sleepy as far as i was concerned there was something about it there was a welcoming feeling as soon as i trod on those boards you were perfectly dry but you will see 102 year old len goldman moved to brighton in 1920 he's one of the very last living witnesses to a golden age of the british seaside resort when the west pier attracted two million visitors every year what do you remember of the west pier i think i'd call it my second home i went on it as often as i possibly could it had a fascination it had a certain atmosphere you know it drew me i couldn't always afford it it cost six months six old pets to get in half price for children as soon as you got on the pier you began to feel a certain freedom you weren't in the sea but you were on the sea and you walked along you had this very narrow part with a glass partitioned down the center and decked hairs on the other side and people sitting there then you came to the first bulge which was a dancehall after that there was the theater but beyond that you got the diving pool it was this amazonian lady came there shouting through a loud hailer anymore for the diving at the bay at the end of the pier they came around with a collecting box which of course we kids ignored and she stood up there and then she did some dives which would not disgrace an olympic diver the very high board some assaults all the stuff when you were a youngster what were you wearing to bathe well you were not allowed to go bare topped even then and eventually i got the prize swimsuit the jensen and it had great big holes at the side so you exposed as much as you possibly could legally i associate peers with old people but back in the 1920s this one inspired love in the young len a passion which is endured into his 102nd year for generations of british men women and children the seaside was the ultimate escape from the struggle of day-to-day life but how did a small fishing village like brighton become such a magnet for british holidaymakers i love walking along brighton beach you close your eyes and walk you've got the water lapping at the stones you've got the cry of the seagulls and then you open your eyes and you're on the seashore of a large city full of people enjoying themselves social geographer jeffrey mead has delved into the origins of britain's first great seaside resort jeff how does brighton move from being a fishing village to some kind of resort well it's a changing economy the town was a rather prosperous coastal trading and fishing town the big beach the beach disappears with coastal erosion people move away it's a depressed economy and nearby in lewis dr richard russell who's a famous physician of the time starts to direct people down to property he owns on the coast to the new simple life that you have in in bright helmstone what is it meant to do that's good for your health it's getting away from london london is the most polluted spot on earth when you come down to the seaside you're dipped in the sea you get a wash which not many 18th century rich people did you're given sea water to drink either neat or mixed with rum or porter or in excruciatingly badly with milk of course it's a nemetic and with the diet that they're very rich had at the time too much rich food alcohol um making you sick is very good you go back and people will say michael you look exceedingly well i've been to bright helmstone that's how it starts so if i'd stepped out in the early 19th century in brighton what might i have seen immense amount of elegance at this end of town uh the seafront would have been packed with people something we don't do anymore in the 21st century is promenading you dress up to see nbc you didn't come to a seaside resort to skulk away in your room you came out to be seen with the best in the land and of course when we were a royal town when the royal family were in residence and all of their the royal court was here you couldn't get any higher in society than being seen out in the company of the royal family for instance and so it had all that cash added cachet to it george the prince of wales was famous for his enjoyment of rich food and wine when he started coming here in the 1780s to take the sea cure brighton's reputation as britain's premier health resort was secured a seaside holiday became the thing to do jane austen wrote the sea air was healing softening relaxing if the sea breeze failed the sea bath was the certain corrective but there was a strict etiquette to be followed mixed bathing men and women swimming alongside each other was frowned upon bathing costumes were yet to be devised so they invented a bathing machine a kind of beach hut on wheels that delivered bathers into the water modesty intact but is the sea dip really the cure all that the georgians believed it to be the brighton swimming club is the oldest in the country and they've invited me to join them for their morning constitutional the water's about nine degrees celsius i feel a bit of a wimp there just uh in their normal bathing suits i am in a wetsuit i've been advised that even in my wetsuit to withstand the cold i need to take a number of deep breaths like previous generations who came here these swimmers believe that immersing yourself in cold sea water can cure all sorts of ailments from epilepsy to arthritis and originally brighton was more popular in winter than in summer now although i'm wearing a wetsuit which has my body well protected my feet and my hands are not and so the cold at my extremes is intense and i could tell from the people around me that they are really suffering from the cold but my goodness they're doing it voluntarily and some of them have now gone a very long distance out towards the end of the palace pier brave brave people so why do you go in this very cold water stick yes i've got arthritis it's affecting my spine and neck and cold water relieves the pain and above all it gives exercise so i'm exerting my body and does that give you more mobility when you emerge from the water oh certainly i've got about half an hour which is comfortable it gets me home did you stumble on that remedy no it was sort of handed down through the family for how long now have you club members been going down this beach in the morning this beach was where it all started because this is the gentleman's bathing beach don't forget bathing segregated gentlemen here ladies to the west well life is full of surprises what i thought was just an exercise in getting extremely cold turns out to have physical benefits and even more surprisingly mental health benefits for many of these people i'm really quite tempted to rip off my wetsuit and do it properly i might leave that for monday the seaside cure drew a wealthy elite to coastal towns like brighton but the industrial revolution would utterly transform seaside resorts all over britain in 1841 the railway came to brighton a long and uncomfortable coach journey from london was slashed to a mere 1 hour and 45 minutes on the train suddenly visitor numbers rocketed as the middle and working classes flocked to brighton in just six months almost 400 000 arrived by train within a year britain's most celebrated health retreat was overflowing with effluent and disease as brighton grows in popularity uh what happens to the waste metal there's no provision for sewage disposal they're relying on the fact that brighton's built on a chalk landscape a digger holding the chalk poor liquid into it the liquid disappears the lovely descriptions in the 1849 mr creases health report of a street with 55 houses two cesspits which never require emptying which isn't a major problem until you realize they're on a steep hill and the next street down has its well immediately below that and below that is another street with stables and below that is another well and so the entire water table is heavily polluted and some of it presumably ends up in the sea as well some of it ends up in the sea from the classier end of town which has sewers uh which then go down into the central valley and that's pumped out straight onto the central brighton beaches does brighton then suffer from the its fair share of cholera and so on it is one of the worst towns in britain for it authorities are very good at covering up the fact that dr brighton had severe outbreaks of cholera in the 1840s typhus scarlet fever there were some horrendous tales brighton boomed on the idea of good health its sea water and sea breezes attracted visitors from foul aired industrial cities but when its cesspits overflowed and when disease stalked its streets that was a reputational disaster brighton had to dig deep why on earth would they build somewhere this big some kind of vision of hell i don't even want to touch it [Music] i'm uncovering the hidden history of the british seaside resort i've discovered how victorian engineering brought the masses to the seaside of brighton and helped them to enjoy it but i've also found out how rapid growth brought deadly disease to a town built on improving people's health during the 19th century two towns were built at brighton one above ground of creamy facades the other beneath of finely built brick sewers each magnificent in its way a tale of two cities affluence and effluents [Music] on such a lovely sunny day in brighton it seems a pity to leave behind this pretty square and descend into a world of clammy darkness but duty calls i know that hidden away down here i'll find the victorian answer to brighton's disastrous health crisis following major outbreaks of cholera in brighton's slums and a campaign by the medical journal the lancet an institution was created by act of parliament to build the town's sewers this pipe is deeply encrusted and covered in goo it's some kind of vision of hell i don't even want to touch it and here the roots of plants are coming through the earth and penetrating the sewer and the little tips of those roots are hanging down here and they've got encrusted with some kind of white gunge the whole place is humid and nasty in just nine years brighton spent over hundred thousand pounds a vast sum of money at the time building an elaborate underground network of sewers to service britain's most popular seaside resort here and there there are escape hatches to that uh other brighton i could pop out here like a rabbit emerging from a hole i had no idea where i would be and everything is encrusted with salts and minerals which were crude over a very long time of drippiness millions of tons of earth had to be excavated and seven million bricks meticulously laid to construct this labyrinth of tunnels a vast space superb brick work in these extraordinary vaulted ceilings behind me two tunnels and behind this wall a huge sound of water rushing water why would they need a space this big engineer stuart slake keeps the 150 year old tunnels in working order hello you would be stewart isu good afternoon michael how are you very good to see you thank you this enormous space why on earth would they build somewhere this big the victorians always thought big and they built large and this tank that we're in now is an overflow chamber on the right hand side over there where i'm shining with the torches there the other side of that wall is a foul sewer coming down to where we're standing here we're standing in the overflow part itself and what happens is we have heavy rain it'll come down that foul sewer which is a combined sewer the heavy rain will come in with that in it come over that wall where we're standing and then it will go back down the barrels behind me how filled have you seen this in our lifetimes i've seen this field about halfway if you stand where that pipe is there on the get the out there i've been on top of that and the second pipe up literally it's been that high right the way through so obviously over the wall and all this part filled up as well yeah how extensive is the sewer system here in brighton we can go around about 44 miles of the sewer system by boat or yeah or walk around the system but there's so many arteries and veins and leads off to this under the old part of brighton as well so actually it's it's quite difficult to know the entire thing is it just it was difficult to know a city well yes exactly it's a very good underground city too i don't know how they ever managed to do this because like to get everything precise this is the incredible thing about this it's an engineering achievement every bit the equal of the victorians marvellous railways this safety tunnel like the sewers themselves twists and turns of course i've no idea where i am under the city i could be under some of the most fashionable squares and terraces and then the funny thing is that they were built with beautiful facades but behind that they were often jerry built whereas the sewers now they had to be built with the finest victorian engineering so there's a paradox that the underground city is better constructed than the one we all know up top the sewers were built so well that 150 years later they still provide the backbone of brighton's sewerage system 30 years of victorian ingenuity gave brighton the railway the west pier luxurious hotels and the sewers the stage was now set for the golden age of the bucket and spade holiday and all that came with it from fish and chips to donkey rides to one of britain's most popular entertainers mr bunch isn't basically an italian immigrant made good he somehow tapped into the english love of authority being poked fun at in a safe way by someone else because if they do it they get into trouble glenn edwards has been performing punch and judy shows for most of his life but punch has been entertaining british holidaymakers for almost two centuries i'm coming up there for you know right now then now then now you've been a naughty boy i'm gonna take you to jail you come with me when i count three a one a two when did you first see punch and judy i saw it in about 1950 uh about 300 yards from where we're now standing under the west pier what is the origin well uh punch goes back to 1662 although the puffit was then called policinelli but around about two of the late industrial revolution times he becomes punch and when railways come to the seaside the street entertainers bring punch to the seaside and he kind of becomes the iconic seaside entertainer so has punch and judy been important to brighton in particular it's more that brighton's been important to punish and judy in the sense that it helped shape the current uh way that punch and judy is seen as a seaside entertainment because brighton was the premier largest first ever you know whatever best seaside resort punch and judy um sort of picked up on its popularity and in turn brighton helped embed mr punch as the seaside anti-hero and judy was a safe way to throw off the chains of daily life for a short while with its satirical attack on marriage parenthood law and even politicians i'm going to perform a little play of my own and i've given it a title that punch with his mischievous hard-hitting satire would have appreciated michael portello productions present the stabbing of boris the fantasy hello hello cripes oh oh crikey uh rogue pipes cripes uh i'm i'm the foreign treasury rights my name's boris oh cranky yes right whole world doesn't think it's all that funny crap scrape right [Music] [Music] a foreign secretary stabbed in the back look for michael gove [Music] with my somewhat exotic background i'm intrigued to learn that mr punch was an italian immigrant for across the sea have come to this island nation many of its most important influences [Music] i've now moved to the edge of brighton to uncover another hidden seaside story [Music] this is the saltine lido built in 1937. [Music] this building was constructed a little more than 70 years after the west beer and what a difference a few decades make it could not be more different here the lines are bold and clean and it's inspired by the architecture of an ocean liner it's been more fortunate than the west pier it's not suffered a fire but my goodness it's pretty derelict the plan is to restore this art deco building and bring it back to its original glamour the first phase the pool is complete you say lido and i say lido i think it should be lido because it's named after the leader in venice and this was all part of a foreign influence on britain men and women bathing together revealing swimwear bronzed skins very saucy very continental the lido reflects a changed britain we'd live through the horrors of the first world war and thrown off staid traditions during the roaring twenties i want to know how this changed the british seaside architecture at the seaside is very much about giving people some glamour on their holidays it's all bright white shiny clean lines you know like nothing you've ever really seen before and what an amazing place to have a swim historian catherine ferry specializes in british seaside architecture by the time we get to the 1930s are men and women showing a bit more flesh absolutely yes yeah flesh is very much on the show and actually it's very interesting in buildings like this that they catered for more spectators than swimmers usually so there are these massively days all around the coast and the number of seating for spectators was always much bigger than for the swimmers themselves because of the flesh that was now on show i'm wondering how we get from that position in the late 19th century where the genders were on the beach bathing separately and covered up to here to what i assume was mixed bathing and people taking the sun people have been going abroad for their holidays and they've seen that actually nothing terrible happens when men and women bathe together there starts to be a newspaper campaign the most go-ahead resorts start allowing mixed bathing and that sort of starts in the 1890s 1900s it picks up pace the big change to where we are now happens in the interwar period it happens because of the fashion for sunbathing because this is the new healthcare i used to have the sea bathing in the 18th century that was supposed to be the the cure all now it's sunshine now victorians feared that if you had people bathing together mixing the genders and if you allowed flesh to be shown that this would lead to immorality what do you think happened when this actually occurred in the 1930s i think everybody actually had some fun at last i think that actually when you look back at the victorians they weren't quite as dour as we paint them but i think by the 1930s we finally discovered some fun so sad that it all came to such an abrupt halt with the outbreak of war oh really what happened then well saltine lido like all of the other leaders around the coast ceased to operate their holiday camps were taken over by the forces as training grounds so that that whole seaside resort culture ceased to be for five years like many seaside towns across the country brighton became the front line of the nation's defenses during the second world war but after the war british seaside resorts bounced back to life in 1949 five million holidaymakers strolled and sun themselves on britain's pleasure piers as families made their annual pilgrimage to brighton blackpool cleethorpes and skegness picnics rock pooling and ice creams were the order of the day did anyone ever have a week-long british seaside holiday with perfect weather i very much doubt it you had to retreat behind the rain-stained windows of the local greasy spoon cafe or here on the beach fight a stiff easterly breeze putting up your windbreaker brighton would eventually reinvent itself as one of the most stylish seaside resorts in europe but first it would endure some of its darkest ever days i left here and went to the hotel where i was staying an hour later the bomb went off the ground for me is the hotel where my dad was killed this is my hidden history of the british seaside resort by the 1960s package holidays transformed our seaside towns millions of us turned our backs on seaside crowded roads rainy summers and cold seas to travel to exotic sunny locations but the traditional british resorts like brighton and blackpool managed to attract a new political clientele at the time of the conservative party conference of 1984 i was working for the chancellor of the exchequer and here in the bar of the grand hotel i got involved in a row about economic policy with the journalist i was fed up with a row and i left here and went to the hotel where i was staying an hour later the bomb went off and because i'd become disgusted by the row and left perhaps that had saved my life some of my friends and colleagues weren't so lucky at 2 54 a.m on the 12th of october 1984 an ira bomb tour through brighton's grand hotel its target was margaret thatcher and her cabinet the ground for me is the hotel where my dad was killed it's always going to be a powerful thing for me to come back here because it brings back all the memories that night joe berry lost her father conservative mp sir anthony berry how did you feel in the aftermath of your father's death just so so shocked and couldn't believe it and then the pain came and when the pain came it was very overwhelming this was life-changing in many many ways i knew i couldn't go back to the person i had been and i thought i have to bring something positive out to this so quickly you thought that yeah um and so that sort of set a direction of like i want to bring something peaceful out of this violence but of course i had no idea how to do that how did it come about then that in the end the direction was that you would meet your father's killer i wanted to build a bridge with him i wanted to see him as a human being rather than some faceless enemy not to change him but for my own healing so i i listened a lot and i reached a point where i'd seen that he was someone who he cared for his community he was a deep thinker he got a phd in prison and i remember looking into size and seeing something of him that meant he wasn't just the man who killed my dad i shared how wonderful my dad would be and what happened to patrick was he reached a point where he just stopped talking and looked to me and he said i don't know who i am anymore it was beginning of him understanding the impact of what he'd done because when he when he planted that bomb he didn't in this hotel i can't believe they're here he didn't see any human beings he completely demonized everyone so i said thank you i'm gonna go now and he said i'm really sorry i killed your dad and what that meant to me was his awareness that he'd actually killed a wonderful human being you've done a number of public events together did i know which hotel our dad and our stepmother sarah was staying at and i said i think it's the grand hotel and about four o'clock in the afternoon we had the phone call to say that they found his body well i started to go ahead and go public because i thought with the peace process still in very early stages you know this can bring more peace to northern ireland then it's worth it you know if it means that less people are going to be hurt you can't change the past nothing's going to bring my dad back and the others so it's about creating a different future for my children and their children when i first heard that you'd done this it struck me as something very extraordinary and i'm afraid i don't mean that in a in a positive way i thought it was a very odd thing to do i couldn't understand it and with the passage of time and the way you explain it i now completely understand it so i think yes so so i think you know the rest of us have been on a journey as well wow well it's really moving to here and i mean i know it's challenging and i know people find it hard because it is sort of going against sort of the normal way of doing things hasn't been easy and still it's necessarily easy but it's something that i feel if i can do that then [Music] you know my dad was here he would he would say he understood and be proud of me and yeah i guess he would yeah the grand hotel was one of the landmarks of brighton's victorian heyday and firemen claimed that many lives were saved because it was so well built but brighton's status as britain's premier resort would come under threat again in the spring of 2003 a series of fires swept through the west pier destroying one of our greatest seaside attractions the destruction marked a low point in the history of brighton but something new and exciting has risen from the ashes [Music] i've come out into a sort of central courtyard into which the donut descends and you get the most extraordinary idea of the height of the pillar here and i love the fact that the donut is shiny and so i can see brighton reflected in it i can see the beach i can see the waves i can see the traffic this is so lovely the whole structure of course has to be bedded in the chalk and the architects have left it exposed this is brighton rock [Music] this is magnificent it's a cable wound around a drum it's not rocket science it's simple engineering but so beautifully executed but like the victorians who built the west here it's been done with love with pride and attention to detail and the scale is deeply impressive architect julia barfield designed the i360 with her husband david marks julie the very first thing we see from this particular perspective is the west pier how important was that pier as part of your inspiration and if i may say responsibility absolutely um well it's the reason we're here we're like a vertical pier really um peers in their day were all about sort of walking on water and if you like we're walking on air where they're about going out to the sea um and looking back at brighton and and we're doing it in a very kind of 21st century way i suppose that's right it's i mean i i love the pace of this it is as though we were walking i can imagine we're walking along the pier and actually we're going vertically yes yes it's a 21st century hopefully answer to that kind of innovation of um the late 19th century and today a sunny day unfortunately a bit hazy nonetheless in my hidden history of the british seaside resort i've discovered how brighton began as a health retreat i've got arthritis it's affecting my spine and neck and cold water relieves the pain and was transformed into a mass tourist destination i think i'd call it my second home i went on it as often as i possibly could and saved by the creation of a slimy underworld of course i have no idea where i am under the city it was a conduit for new foreign ideas punch is really a kind of clown comedia commedia delato descended where we could be free i think everybody actually had some fun at last royal brighton was the model for seaside resorts a uniquely british blend of glamour and grime of elegance and irreverence on the west pier the tops in all their finery promenading above the brine might be outraged by unruly lads the sea gave this town its life and now the waters have reclaimed that pier hiding its holiday history beneath the waves forever you

Channel: Absolute History

Views: 219,013

Keywords: history documentaries, absolute history, world history, ridiculous history, quirky history, hidden history of britain, hidden history brighton, brighton history, victorian seaside holiday, victorian seaside resort, victorian era documentary, victorian era fashion, victorian era footage, victorian era history, victorian era absolute history

Id: NKs3p8qF4qM

Length: 44min 51sec (2691 seconds)

Published: Fri Jul 01 2022