There were dozens of incredible product introductions
by Steve Jobs while he was CEO of Apple. Like pulling the iPod nano out of his jeans
coin pocket, or sliding the MacBook Air out of a manila envelope. But perhaps the most iconic product keynote
he ever delivered was for the original iPhone back in 2007. Not only did the presentation feature an incredible
narrative and setup for the iPhone’s reveal, but it was a logistical nightmare to pull
off. And some people who worked on the introduction
didn’t think it could be done successfully at all. So in this video we’re going to take a peak
behind the curtain and investigate the drama behind the original iPhones launch, and find
out why it’s considered by many to be one of the greatest product introductions of all
time. This is Greg with Apple Explained, and I want
to thank Brilliant for sponsoring this video. If you want to help decide which topics I
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feed. Now if you were around to watch Steve Jobs
reveal the original iPhone, you probably remember how incredible his presentation was. And if you haven’t seen it, I highly recommend
taking a look. Jobs had an incredible amount of charisma
on stage that was referred to as the reality distortion field. In fact, one of the top comments on the iPhone’s
introduction video is, “Steve Jobs and the power of persuasion: I'm convinced I need
to buy an iPhone 2007 right now in 2019.” So you can only imagine how excited people
were about the iPhone back when it was introduced for the first time. But if you’re not familiar with tech product
keynotes, you may have a hard time understanding why the original iPhone’s introduction was
so special. So let’s start off by putting the entire
event in perspective. When tech companies like Apple, Microsoft,
or Google want to reveal a new product, they typically hold an event inside of an auditorium
or theater, and invite the media, software developers, and even students. It’s a really effective way to generate
excitement and hype for a new product, which in turn gives the company a lot of free press. Products are then revealed on stage, and usually
visitors get to demo the new products after the keynote, although this isn’t always
the case. So that’s the idea behind these product
introductions, and Steve Jobs was known to deliver the best presentations in the business. Typically, companies don’t give live demos
of new products or services on stage after being revealed. And there are a few reasons for this. Live demos require a lot of extra preparation,
it’s not uncommon for things to go wrong, and the product or service may not be fully
developed yet. Which only increases the likelihood of it
malfunctioning in front of the audience. So many companies just explain how their new
product works and leave out the live demo. But Jobs did things a little differently. He insisted on having live demos for major
product introductions, and the original iPhone was no exception. Although, there were a few problems. The iPhone wouldn’t go on sale for another
six months, so the product was still being developed and therefore it was riddled with
bugs. The software hadn’t been optimized for the
iPhone’s hardware, which meant apps would crash once the device ran out of memory. Apps would also crash if tasks were done in
a certain order. If you used Safari and then the Mail app,
the phone would crash. But if you reversed those actions things would
be just fine. There was also a hardware issue, since only
about one hundred iPhones even existed at that point since the product hadn’t even
entered production yet. Wireless connectivity also posed a huge challenge
for Apple. There would be 5,000 people in the audience,
many with their own wireless networks which could interfere with the iPhone. You also have to keep in mind that Apple needed
their network to be hidden and secure to prevent audience members from hacking into the signal. And when it came to cellular connection, things
got even more challenging since the iPhone’s radio software was extremely buggy and crashed
frequently, which means the device would lose connection to the network and your call would
drop. And if all that wasn’t enough, Jobs wanted
the demo iPhones displays to be mirrored on the big screen, which was actually a lot harder
than it may appear. Now typically if a company wants their product
to be shown on the big screen, they just set up a live camera feed. But that wasn’t good enough for Jobs. He wanted the audience to feel like they were
holding the phone in their hands while watching the demo. So you can see how much of a challenge it
is to pull off a successful live demo, and why most companies shy away from it. But how exactly did Apple overcome all of
these obstacles? Well, to deal with the iPhones buggy software,
they included multiple demo units on stage. That way Jobs could switch between them before
they crashed. Engineers also had to painstakingly test hundreds
of different demo paths to find the one that had the smallest chance of crashing. That’s why you see Jobs flipping through
a booklet on stage, it guided him through what was called the “golden path.” That way he knew which apps to open when and
minimize the chance of failure. Apple also had to change the software that
powered their AirPort Wireless Base Station to allow it to run on a Japanese frequency
that wasn’t permitted in the US. This prevented audience members from locating
the signal and possibly hacking it. And when it came to keeping the iPhone connected
to its cellular network, Apple actually had Cingular, now AT&T, bring in a portable cell
tower to ensure a strong reception. But there was also an issue with the iPhone’s
buggy radio software. So in order to prevent the audience from noticing
when the radio would crash and restart, Apple hard-coded the phone to always show five bars,
regardless of the actual signal strength or radio status. And when it came to mirroring the iPhone’s
display, Apple engineers spent weeks adding the circuit boards, video cables, and software
necessary to flawlessly mirror everything on the iPhone. During practice runs before the big day, Jobs
was only able to get through the entire presentation smoothly a few times. So when it came time to deliver the actual
keynote, Apple’s managers and engineers were extremely nervous. They actually brought flasks of whisky and
took a shot after each successful segment of the demo. And once Jobs made it through the entire presentation
without a problem, the iPhone team went out and spent the rest of the day drinking. And it’s easy to see why what they’d accomplished
was practically a miracle. Not only was development of the iPhone a grueling
process, but execution of its introduction and live demo took things to another level. And it’s important to point the effect it
had on the entire industry. The iPhone represented the biggest technological
leap ever in the mobile phone market. And I’m not sure if we’ll see anything
like it again. The fact that its technology is more comparable
to today’s smartphones, rather than the Blackberrys and Palm Treos of its time, is
a true testament to how revolutionary the iPhone was. And you can imagine how other companies were
feeling when the device was introduced. Google engineer Chris DeSalvo said, “As
a consumer I was blown away. I wanted one immediately. But as a Google engineer, I thought ‘We’re
going to have to start over.’” And that’s exactly what several companies
had to do after they saw the iPhone. But there was one company in particular that
wasn’t too bothered by the new smartphone: RIM. And if you’re wondering why you’ve never
heard of them before, it’s because they became irrelevant not long after saying this
about the iPhone, “We’ll be fine, it has rapid battery drain and a lousy digital keyboard.” So RIM continued to make their Blackberry
smartphone as usual. With a fixed plastic keyboard, small low quality
display, and clumsy control buttons. And as you may’ve expected, sales of the
Blackberry sharply declined. RIM eventually changed their name to Blackberry
Limited and began focusing on selling security software to governments and corporations,
rather than selling smartphones to consumers. Microsoft’s CEO at the time, Steve Ballmer,
had a similar reaction to the iPhone’s introduction. [clip] And while he liked Microsoft’s smartphone strategy,
it was clear customers did not. Eventually Microsoft discontinued their Windows
Phone OS and exited the smartphone market altogether. So when you take a step back and look at how
quickly the mobile phone industry has changed since the iPhone’s introduction, you begin
to understand that the companies who took the device seriously, like Google, ended up
at the forefront of the industry. While those who dismissed the product, like
RIM and Microsoft, were swept away by the new wave of technology that customers ended
up preferring, even if that wasn’t clear at the start. Because executives weren’t the only people
who stuck their nose up at the original iPhone. A huge number of people thought the iPhone
was a bad idea. Just take a look at these comments from 2007:
“Apparently none of you guys realize how bad of an idea a touch-screen is on a phone. I foresee some pretty obvious and pretty major
problems here.” “I’ll be keeping my Samsung A707, thanks. It’s smaller, it’s got a protected screen,
and it’s got proper buttons. And it’s got all the same features otherwise. (Oh, but it doesn’t run a bloatware OS that
was never designed for a phone.)” “Im not impressed with the iPhone. As a PDA user and a Windows Mobile user, this
thing has nothing on my phone. It sure is good at what it was designed for,
a phone that entertains and talks… other than that, i dont see much potential. How the heck am I suppose to put appointments
on the phone with no stylus or keyboard?!” Now looking back today, these comments almost
sound satirical. But it’s great evidence that no matter how
incredible a new product may be, change will always upset some people. After all, the people who made those comments
hadn’t even used the iPhone yet. And I’m willing to bet all of them own a
smartphone with a touchscreen today. So the effect of the iPhone and its introduction
is immeasurable. Its influence even spilled over into other
industries and continues to shape the way we use technology today. Now I have a quick logic question for you,
out of these four figures, which one can be folded up to make a cube? Take a moment to think about it and really
visualize trying to fold them up. If you figure out the answer, leave it in
the comments. This is a question from one of brilliant.org's
Daily Challenges, which provide a quick and fascinating view into math, logic, science,
engineering, or computer science. If you like the concept and want to learn
more, Brilliant offers full interactive courses related to each daily challenge. So you can actually find more logic and reasoning
puzzles similar to the cube daily challenge we started off with. And as you make your way through a course,
you’ll develop skills like pattern recognition and logical reasoning while actually having
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Mexico City, or calculate the chance for rain by watching the clouds, you can get started
with Brilliant for free at brilliant.org/appleexplained and the first 200 who use that link will get
20% off their annual premium subscription. Alright guys thanks for watching and I’ll
see you next time.
