What's the Difference Between Christian Denominations? (Baptism)

in the what's the difference between Christian denominations series we examine a whole bunch of Christian denominations to determine what the difference really is between them this time the subject is baptism and for something that on the surface seems so simple there are a bunch of differences but first let's look at the main denominational groups we'll be comparing there's the Catholic group represented by the Catholic Church also commonly known as the Roman Catholic Church the Orthodox are represented by the Orthodox Catholic Church also known as the Eastern Orthodox Church Greek Orthodox and Russian Orthodox churches for example fall under this heading for Anglicans will mostly focus on the Church of England itself in the holiness and Methodists category we'll consider the United Methodist Church in the Church of the Nazarene for Lutheranism we look at the Lutheran Church Missouri Synod and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America for Reformed we'll look at the Presbyterian Church USA and the Presbyterian Church of America for Anabaptist we'll look at Mennonites for restorationist we'll look at the Churches of Christ Christian churches and the Christian Church disciples of Christ as for Baptists will consider the Southern Baptist Convention independent Baptists in American Baptists Schwartz and our brethren will be represented by the Church of the Brethren and finally for Pentecostalism will consider the Assemblies of God and the Pentecostal Assemblies of the world and if you think that's a lot of denominations let me warn you we'll be looking at a few other denominations in the course of this video as well so how many differences can there be in baptism anyway off the cuff people can normally name a few for example the mode of baptism is it sprinkling pouring or immersion or the candidate are infants baptized or only believers but in this video we have actually more than a dozen categories to consider beyond the mode and the candidate so let's get into it we'll start with the candidate who is to be baptized there are two main positions on this although there are some small differences within the two camps one camp says that baptism should only be done to believers and that as infants are not capable or forming beliefs such as trusting in Jesus Christ for salvation we should not baptize them but rather wait for them to grow up and make a profession of faith at which time they'll be baptized the other side of the argument is that anyone under the care of the church should be baptized when someone converts from another religion they should be baptized as an adult and if someone within the church has a child that child to be baptized too there's some difference of opinion here on the role of belief some of these groups say that God does miraculously cause the infant child to believe so it is believers baptism therefore others say that the parents or guardians presenting the child exorcised the belief on the infant's behalf and that this belief should later be willingly confirmed by the candidate at a later age normally in a process called confirmation a third view does exist called household baptism which is one that teaches that a family converting into a group should be baptized wholesale infants in all based on the authority of the head of the house belief and the children is not necessarily assumed or considered necessary but because the Bible shows examples of whole households being baptized when the head of a house is saved they ought to have their whole family baptized there's a very fine line between this view and the prior one but generally the household baptism view puts a much higher priority on a male head of the house leading and having his family baptized so which denominations fall into which categories Catholic Orthodox Anglican holiness and Methodist Lutheran and Reformed churches baptize all those in the church's care including infants I've put infant here just to differentiate but they do adult baptisms as well some holiness churches only perform believers baptism though the denominations of Church of the Nazarene and the United Methodist Church both allow infant baptism for believers baptism we have anabaptists restorationist Baptists Schwartz and our brethren and Pentecostal additionally some churches that are exclusive brethren a subset of Plymouth Brethren practice household baptism will discuss the candidates a bit more in some other categories coming up now let's talk about the mode of baptism most people think of only three modes of baptism sprinkling pouring and immersion however there are actually more than that for example some Baptists would be happy to find out that the main mode of baptism of the Orthodox churches is immersion until they find out that many don't fully immerse the candidate so there is sprinkling pouring partial immersion and full immersion and as well we'll see that these can be mixed catholics practice primarily pouring with immersion secondarily sprinkling or aspersion is not licit that is allowed to be done but it is accepted as valid such as in the case of a sprinkled person joining the Catholic Church they would not be asked to be rebaptised Orthodox churches can vary but baptism is normally by partial immersion sometimes with water additionally being poured in some cases full immersion may be used more rarely only pouring is done pouring is the main mode for Anglicans with sprinkling and immersion acceptable United Methodists and Nazarenes accept sprinkling pouring or immersion with the more high church and liberal Methodists using almost only sprinkling and evangelical Methodists tending toward immersion for adult candidates which is more common in the evangelical churches Lutheran's in the ELCA and LCMS as well as Presbyterians in the PC USA and PCA practice sprinkling most commonly but also accept pouring and immersion most Mennonites following menno simons in the Swiss brethren baptize by pouring there has been some amount of immersion practiced but the majority not only hold to pouring but also provide apologetic defense of pouring as opposed to immersion Church of Christ Baptists Church of the Brethren and the vast majority of Pentecostalism baptized by full immersion only Churches of Christ and most Baptists will rebaptised people who are baptized by pouring or sprinkling considering it invalid disciples of Christ and American Baptists generally will accept transfers of people baptized by other modes without remapped ISM next let's discuss the number of pourings sprinkling Zora merchants performed in the baptism some denominations care about this a lot and in others The ministers may not have even considered the matter as a result some denominations may be inconsistent with Roman Catholics typically there are three pourings while the minister says in the name of the Father in the name of the son and the name of the Holy Spirit for each person of the Trinity that will do another pouring orthodox likewise use a set of three which is also referred to as shrine or sometimes triune baptism this may be in the form for an infant of three dips in the water or being placed in the water in water poured three times or in the case of an adult being partially immersed in the water and then three times being pushed into it Anglicans commonly use trying pouring one pour in the name of the Father one in the name of the son and one in the name of the holy United Methodists vary but three is most common in the Church of the Nazarene adult immersions are common with only one immersion infant baptism is normally not by immersion so three applications is more common here Lutheran's both ELCA and LCMS most commonly have three applications as do both PC USA and PCA Presbyterians Mennonites may have a single or three pourings Church of Christ a single immersion which is very standard for immersion baptism disciples of Christ have just one immersion as do Baptists whether Southern Baptist American Baptist or Independent Baptist and Pentecostals both Trinitarians like the Assemblies of God or oneness like Pentecostal Assemblies of the world among those who baptized by full immersion as the primary mode Church of the Brethren and the groups that came from the Schwartz and our brethren are the outliers they typically have three separate immersions and that also brings us to the question of the direction of baptism for infants and those baptized by modes other than immersion this doesn't even really make sense as a question but if an adult is getting into water to be immersed some denominations have a position on which way they should be going when they go under to some extent this can be dictated by the shape of the baptistry used if a person is baptized in a natural body of water or a larger baptistry a person can be leaned back by the officiant into the water or the person could kneel forward into the water however in a smaller baptistry only the kneeling forward may be an option the default view perhaps by convenience for many denominations is to baptize backwards some may hold this as it seems more like a burial or just because it's the way it's been historically done some groups of Orthodox will always baptize forward when there's an adult baptism although this is not the case for all Orthodox churches and Schwartz and our brethren hold to forward baptism by conviction referencing the Bible's mention of baptism being in the likeness of our saviors death and saying that as Christ's head fell forward at death we should be baptized forward another difference in baptism between denominations is the position on who may perform administer or preside at the baptism other terms would be the officiator or efficient before delving into this let me explain it many of the denominations have made a distinction between actions relating to baptism being listened and being valid in other words if a person is baptized by a non-christian for example many denominations would if everything else was correct view the baptism as valid it's a real baptism and they wouldn't make you be baptized by them however most would also view that baptism as illicit meaning that it was the wrong way to do things a baptism that is illicit is one performed to the proper standards of the church and one that is illicit had some problems with it a baptism that is valid means the person is view is actually baptized and they will not be so called rebaptised and a baptism that is invalid means that the church doesn't view the person has actually baptized at all the Catholic view on the efficient is that a bishop priest or deacon is to perform it however baptism is still valid though not licit if performed by a layperson a non Catholic or even a non-christian in an emergency Catholics are encouraged to seek baptism by any means possible so in that case a non-standard efficient would actually even be licit Orthodox Christians require baptism to be by a priest or Deacon but in an emergency a clergyman or layman will do I won't keep mentioning these emergency clauses but many denominations have them Anglican baptism must be a ministered by a priest the United Methodist Church says by an authorized person the Church of the Nazarene requires an ordained minister and not a lay minister likewise ELCA Lutheran's require an ordained minister to preside and lcms Lutheran's generally believe that the pastor of a given church has the duty to perform the baptism for the Presbyterian Church USA a teaching elder a pastor must preside at the baptism the pca says baptism is to be administered by a minister of christ called to be the steward of the mysteries of God for mennonites an elder normally presides Churches of Christ aren't standardized but the pastor normally presides disciples of Christ have the appointed Congregational minister preside American Baptists typically have the ordained minister preside Southern Baptists and independent Baptists don't believe a minister must preside generally but often a pastor a deacon will administer the baptism in the Church of the Brethren baptism is normally administered by an ordained minister in the Assemblies of God all ordained licensed and certified ministers holding current minister credentials are authorized to perform the ordinances Pentecostal Assemblies of the world generally have the ordained minister preside at baptisms the nominations also differ and that some have parents present their children for baptism and others add another one or two people called godparents or sponsors Roman Catholics require at least one godparent and if there are two there must be one man and one woman they cannot be the children's parents can't be a minor and they should be faithful Catholics likewise Orthodox churches have godparents and they must be people who are baptized Orthodox not the parents and not a minor some denominations refer to sponsors instead of godparents and in these cases sometimes the denominations are set in the different term while others use them interchangeably being a godparent means that a person is responsible to nurture the child in the faith to play an active role in their upbringing it may mean that if the parent dies that the godparent would take over their spiritual guidance altogether a sponsor doesn't necessarily carry the same weight at its most lenient meaning a sponsor may just be a person helping in the baptism or leading up to it or even just a figurehead or a family friend like a groomsman at a wedding might be in the Episcopal Church there are sponsors or godparents the terms used mostly interchangeably United Methodists don't require sponsors but it is a common practice if a child's parents aren't part of the UMC at least one sponsor should be Church of the Nazarene doesn't have godparents ELCA Lutheran's often do have sponsors the congregation is encouraged to select one from among themselves and the parents may also select sponsors these may not be Lutheran or even Christian for LCMS Lutheran's parents may pick sponsors the lcms doesn't put requirements on them but parents may be encouraged to pick lc-ms or Lutheran sponsors for the baptism Presbyterians usually avoid the term godparents and mentioned only sponsors in the PCU essay this takes place with the church session choosing the sponsors or endorsing sponsors that the parents have selected PCA churches don't have sponsors but although not required almost all have the congregation's say a vow of assistance the nominations that practice believers baptism and reject infant baptism have little use for sponsors or godparents you won't find this practice except in rare exceptions among these groups which includes men Church of Christ disciples of Christ American southern and independent Baptists Church of the Brethren Assemblies of God or Pentecostal Assemblies of the world some denominations may also allow the use of witnesses which play a role in the baptism but even more than sponsors are not expected to provide any ongoing role in the child's religious upbringing this term may be used in some cases if the parents choose someone from outside of the denomination or a person who is not a Christian many denominations also use baptismal robes or some other form of clothing with baptism garments are typically white Roman Catholics traditionally have a white christening gown worn by the infant while the pouring takes place and the Orthodox also often use a white robe which is put on after the baptism in which is common for the infant to be unclothed white garments are also commonly used by the Episcopal Church in the United Methodist Church and this is common among Lutheran's and Presbyterians as well practice of wearing baptismal garments is more variable among the nominations that mainly practice adult baptism often if the Church's practice is for the clergy to have no special garments baptismal candidates don't either but this is not always the case in the case where there are no special robes or baptismal garment candidates often would be baptized in the regular clothing and since this is often by immersion they would normally bring a change of clothes to the ceremony the formula is an important part of baptism it often clarifies the doctrine of the denomination about baptism some denominations have set liturgies with prescribed formulas that are consistently used others have certain recommendations and others have no established requirement the previous video here on the ready to harvest channel has 50 baptism video clips that will give you a good slice of the different ways the formula might be used for adult baptisms the formula often begins with upon your profession of faith or based on this profession of faith and nearly all formulas will include the name of the candidate of baptism a declaration of the baptism such as I baptized you or John Smith is baptized following this is normally the name in which the person is baptized this is stated in most all of Christendom as in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit or Holy Ghost though oneness pentecostals and a small number of others may say in the name of Jesus or in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ in addition to this some denominations add wording at the end about the effect of baptism such as for the forgiveness of your sins or and you shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost based on the denominations theology high church and liturgical denominations are more prone to follow these steps to a tee and more contemporary churches are likely to improvise of the denominations we are considering only the Pentecostal Assemblies of the world baptize in the name of Jesus while the rest baptize in the name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost Churches of Christ and oneness Pentecostals will normally include for the forgiveness of your sins the Pentecostal Assemblies of the world normally conclude the formula with and you shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost some more liberal denominations generally have allowed the use of formulas that stay instead of in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost something like I now baptize you in the name of the one who made the world and of Jesus Christ who redeemed humankind and of the Holy Spirit who eternally gives life to all people of God that is actually a recommended formula in online material from the disciples of Christ several denominations view the formula as such an important part of baptism that they will consider baptism without a proper formula as invalid for example the Catholic Church requires the use of the Father and Son and Holy Ghost and won't accept baptisms in Jesus name only additionally they require the word baptized to be used if these are not used the person is considered to not have been baptized most oneness Pentecostals will require a person baptized with the Trinitarian formula to be rebaptised in the name of Jesus Christ these guidelines by other denominations have somewhat limited the free willing tendencies of certain groups Christian denominations that practice baptism will categorize it in two different ways either it is a sacrament or an ordinance the idea of a sacrament may carry the idea of an act that brings special grace or saving grace and so those groups that deny that baptism plays a part in salvation don't use the word which isn't found in the Bible instead they use the term ordinance not everyone who uses the word sacrum always means this but that is the typical meaning in the Catholic Church baptism is one of seven sacraments the others are Eucharist confirmation reconciliation anointing marriage and Holy Orders in Orthodox baptism is also one of seven sacraments the others being chrism Asian Communion Holy Orders penance anointing of the sick and marriage most Protestants hold to only two sacraments baptism and communion although some like Anglicans view the other Catholic sacraments as useful practices but not on the same level those who hold to these two sacraments include Anglicans Methodists Nazarenes Lutheran's Presbyterians and the Mennonite Church USA the following groups also hold to only these two but call them ordinances Church of Christ Baptists and Assemblies of God disciples of Christ historically considered these as ordinances but now they commonly call them sacraments Church of the Brethren considers baptism in ordinance but they also have three others love feast and communion these two things together being considered a single ordinance feet washing and anointing Pentecostal Assemblies of the world holds to three ordinances baptism communion and feet washing perhaps the largest area of disagreement between evangelical Christianity on the one side and mainline American Protestantism the Orthodox and Catholics on the other is the question of the effects of baptism as it relates to salvation does baptism play a role in a person's salvation for Catholics the answer is yes in the Catechism of the Catholic Church the following is stated the necessity of baptism the Lord Himself affirms that baptism is necessary for salvation he also commands his disciples to proclaim the gospel to all nations and to baptize them baptism is necessary for salvation for those to whom the gospel has been proclaimed and who have had the possibility for this sacrament the church does not know of any means other than baptism that ushers entry into eternal beatitude this is why she takes care not to neglect the mission she has received from the Lord to see that all who can be baptized are reborn of water and the spirit God has bound salvation to the sacrament of baptism but himself is not bound by his sacraments orthodoxy also teaches baptism as necessary for salvation the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America States our new birth is given to us in Baptism according to the words of the Lord truly truly I say to you unless one is born of water and the spirit he cannot enter the kingdom of God John 3:5 what is the event at which salvation truly takes hold baptism that's the answer st. Paul gives in Romans chapter 6 all of chapter 6 is about baptism and life after baptism for Paul it is in Baptism that the believer is united with Christ dies to the power of sin and receives new life in Christ Anglicans also believe the same a catechism in the Book of Common Prayer reads how many sacraments have Christ ordained in his church - only as generally necessary to salvation that is to say baptism and the supper of the Lord what is the our visible sign or form in baptism water wherein the person is baptized in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost what is the inward and spiritual grace a death unto sin and a new birth under righteousness for being by nature born in sin and the children of Wrath we are hereby made the children of grace the United Methodist Church teaches that baptism is the normal beginning to salvation but isn't always necessary they say on the UMC website do I have to be baptized in order for God to save me no God is free to offer God's salvation if for some reason you have not been baptized by the time you die if I am baptized does that mean I will be saved - no matter what no baptism begins God's work of saving us by cleansing us of sin and beginning the work of renewing us fully into the image of Christ the key word here is beginning baptism starts the process it does not complete it we can choose by our action or inaction to let the work begun go dormant and have no folder effect or as John Wesley sometimes put it we may sin away the grace received at baptism how does baptism relate to salvation we say baptism is the ordinary or instituted means of justifying grace it is the usual way God has offered the church to enable people of any age to experience the justifying grace of God in the cleansing of the Holy Spirit in their lives salvation normally begins taking root in people's lives here from here we are invited to keep growing and sanctifying grace until by God's grace and our faithful response we are made perfect in love in this life though the Church of the Nazarene teaches baptism is a sacrament they don't teach that it brings salvation on their holiness today website-based state admittedly the acts of infant baptism or dedication do not save the child nevertheless both of these holy actions place the child under the canopy of God's grace and initiate the child sacramentally into the community of Christian faith the church ELCA Lutheran's also teach in baptism being part of salvation the ELCA website states ELCA Lutheran's believe that baptism addresses itself to the question of salvation in God's gift of baptism we are assured the forgiveness of sins to live a free responsible and joyful life in order that we might be saved everlastingly with luther we can say that no greater jewel can adorn our body and soul than baptism for through it we obtain perfect holiness and salvation which no other kind of life and no work on earth can acquire with them lc/ms Lutheran's also present baptism as a way to salvation while baptism is God's gracious means of conveying to human beings his saving grace revealed to us in Jesus Christ our Savior it is not the only means on the basis of the scripture we teach that the spoken word of the gospel and the Lord's Supper are also means of grace infant baptism expresses that it is God who chooses us for faith discipleship and salvation the Presbyterian Church USA says on this topic Presbyterians describe baptism as a sign and seal of the covenant of grace made by God through Jesus and extended to us in Baptism God claims us as beloved children and members of Christ's body the church washing us clean from sin as we renounce the power of evil and seek the will and Way of God they also add can a person who is not baptized be saved in a word yes but this by no means diminishes the importance of the sacrament the presbyterian church in america denies that baptism is salvific 1pc a statement of faith says we believe the Bible teaches that baptism is a covenant sign for believers and their children we do not think that baptism saves someone but it signifies them as part of the community of Church receiving all of the benefits of that community Mennonites hold to believers baptism teaching that salvation is not for infants but for believers who are already saved by belief Churches of Christ teach that a person must be baptized for the remission of their sins to be saved historically disciples of Christ believe this too but many in the denomination today are liberal mainline and don't really teach a born-again or salvation theology so the question has lost importance American Baptists Southern Baptists Church of the Brethren and Assemblies of God all believe in believers baptism and that baptism is not necessary for salvation in contrast to this Pentecostal Assemblies of the world like nearly all oneness Pentecostals teach baptism is necessary for and therefore part of salvation as you may have noticed in some of the statements quoted from earlier many of these denominations teach that baptism has effects in addition to whether it plays a part in salvation or not most believe that baptism adds a person to the universal Church with the main exception being some independent Baptists who deny the existence of the universal Church and many denominations also believe that baptism makes the individual a member of the particular local church congregation some denominations teach that the Holy Spirit is received at baptism let's discuss the issue of remapped ism or Anna baptism as it was known in the past when should a person be baptized again actually no denominations of any note teach that a person should ever be baptized a second time with few exceptions and some individual congregations that may baptize a person who has already baptized a second time in a rededication ceremony christian denominations believe a person should be baptized only once here's the rub many denominations believe that people who received something called baptism already didn't truly get baptism in other words they reject certain baptisms as invalid and therefore they say they must be baptized not a second time but for the first time as their first so-called baptism was no baptism at all Catholics Orthodox and Protestants all have been widely opposed to Anabaptists whose so-called rebaptised those tapped eyes as infants because Anabaptist theology taught that infant baptism was invalid however nearly all denominations including Catholics will rebaptised so-called in certain cases Catholics will not accept the baptism of those baptized with the wrong formula such as those not baptized in the name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost and they also reject baptism of certain groups not considered to properly be called Christian such as Mormon baptism other than that though Catholics will not rebaptised in many other scenarios they may view a baptism as having been performed illicitly but they still view it is valid so baptism by pouring sprinkling or immersion in any Christian churches whether Lutheran Orthodox Methodist Baptist Church of Christ etc are considered valid and individuals converting to Catholicism will not be baptized by them this is similarly the case with mainline Protestants and it varies among evangelical groups those who baptize by immersion and those who only teach believers baptism often will have those baptized by sprinkling or pouring or those who are baptized as infants submit to believers baptism by immersion some churches like certain Baptists and Mennonites believe that other denominations don't have proper Authority in Baptism and therefore will baptize those who come in from other denominations even if they were previously immersed as believers many Churches of Christ will also rebaptised those who come from other denominations or will at least rebaptised those who are previously baptized by groups that don't teach baptism as essential to salvation for Orthodox churches the typical practice is to Cris mate those who convert who are already baptized but in some Orthodox denominations baptism of such people is common let's cover a few more things that are different between denominations on baptism as for those present during baptism some denominations allow for private baptisms but most either require in all cases or at least under typical circumstances that baptism takes place in the presence of the local church The Salvation Army is a denomination which does not practice baptism at all nor do Quakers were Unitarians generally though Unitarianism is decentralized enough that there are at least a couple videos online of unitarian baptism intention is important in baptism to most denominations taking a bath is not baptism for example because it isn't intended to be likewise a person cannot baptize an unwilling canon or in the case of infant baptism generally it is viewed as illicit to baptize a child without consent of at least one parent or guardian for those who view baptism as especially important such as that it is required for salvation some may hold two exceptions to where a person who is not baptized may be exempted somehow for example the Catholic Church doesn't have infallible teaching on the case of unbaptized babies but many have taught and most believe that they go to a state of limbo and not to hell additionally the Catholic Church teaches of baptism by desire such as in the case presumably of the thief on the cross in a case where a person desires to be baptized or intends to but cannot before their death they're considered baptized by desire also the Catholic Church teaches that those who died is martyrs for the faith but are unbaptized are to be considered baptized by blood other denominations sometimes have similar exceptions here's the relevant section from the Catechism of the Catholic Church the church has always held the firm conviction that those who suffer death for the sake of the faith without having received baptism are baptized by their death for and with Christ this baptism of blood like the desire for baptism brings about the fruits of baptism without being a sacrament for catechumens who died before their baptism their explicit desire to receive it together with repentance for their sins and charity assures them the salvation that they were not able to receive through the sacrament since Christ died for all and since all men are in fact called to one in the same destiny which is divine we must hold that the Holy Spirit offers to all the possibility of being made partakers in a way known to God of the Pascal mystery every man who is ignorant of the gospel of Christ and of his church but seeks the truth and does the will of God in accordance with his understanding of it can be saved it may be suppose that such persons would have desired baptism explicitly if they had known it's necessity as regards children who have died without baptism the church can only entrust them to the mercy of God as she does in her funeral rites for them indeed the great mercy of God who desires that all men should be saved and Jesus's tenderness toward children which caused him to say let the children come to me do not hinder them allow us to hope there is a way of salvation for children who have died without baptism all the more urgent is the church's call not to prevent little children coming to Christ through the gift of Holy Baptism many denominations have prerequisites to baptism especially in the case of adult baptisms there may be some hoops to jump through for the candidate such as a baptismal counseling session or required new member classes some churches require a person to have been in attendance for a certain length of time before being baptized there have been a few small scattered groups in history which were opposed to Baptists trees and only would baptize in rivers or lakes some churches even those who baptize by immersion don't have a Baptist tree and still baptize this way or offer it as an option most baptisms are performed indoors in a church building there is no way that I could have covered everything but this is about as comprehensive of a denominational comparison that you'll find on baptism there is another video here on the ready to harvest channel which is 50 clips of baptism by different churches including a couple dozen denominations not mentioned in this video I think you'll be surprised how interesting it is the link is in the video description if you want more videos like this give this video a thumbs up so I know you liked it and consider subscribing to ready to harvest and since most of the videos here on ready to harvest are perfectly understandable in audio form we've launched the ready to harvest podcast so go subscribe wherever you listen the podcast is great for on-the-go listening you

Channel: Ready To Harvest

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Length: 32min 57sec (1977 seconds)

Published: Sun Jun 14 2020