With the loosening of borders, more and more people are going abroad recently. Among them , the neighboring "Okinawa" is one of the options for many people. But did you know that this year also happens to be the 50th anniversary of "Okinawa Return"? Do you know what has happened in Okinawa in 50 years, even 500 years ? Today, let's talk about "Okinawa Return"! hiho~ Hello everyone, my name is Zhiqi! When you think of Okinawa, what comes to your mind? It may be the seaside, beer, Okinawan cuisine, aquarium, U.S. military bases , or what everyone is accustomed to: "It is part of Japan" but in fact , the Japanese occupation of Okinawa did not officially begin until after the Sino-Japanese War . In addition, the Second World War In fact, it was more than 20 years after the end of the war . Okinawa was managed by the United States until 50 years ago, that is, in 1972, when it returned to Japan from the United States . How did Okinawa become a part of Japan? Why did the U.S. return Okinawa to Japan after acquiring it, but continue to station troops? What are the Japanese and Americans doing? If they do this to you and you to me, don't the Okinawans have any opinion? Before we get down to these issues, let 's get into a business service time. Feeling more and more fixed in your intimate interactions with your partner? Want to boldly try a different experience, but are too embarrassed to ask people? All your troubles can be found in the sex knowledge class launched together with "The picture and text do not match the class" and "Foreign Body Stem Color" ! New courses are now online, early bird discount 65% off for a limited time, plus 30% off for classic courses! "Adult's Bed Tutoring Class" takes you and your partner to learn various new skills and find out your favorite intimacy. "Adult's Back Garden Pleasure Class" has detailed steps, so that novices can experience the pleasure they have never tried . Professional and correct Knowledge, encouragement to add more love to life Want to learn more about the course content and take advantage of the early bird 15% discount? Come and search on PressPlay! 【What is the difference between "Ryukyu" and "Okinawa"? 】 In addition to "Okinawa", we often hear people refer to Okinawa as "Ryukyu" . What's the difference? Geographically, "Okinawa Islands" and "Ryukyu Islands" refer to different scopes. The word "Ryukyu Islands" is very complicated. There are three possible geographic scopes depending on the context and the difference between Chinese and Japanese, but in simple terms, " The scope of the Ryukyu Islands is relatively large , while the scope of the "Okinawa Islands" is relatively small . In terms of cultural meaning, "Okinawa" should be regarded as a relatively pro-Japanese usage. Before joining Japan, the Ryukyu Islands originally had a "Ryukyu Kingdom" from Since the 15th century, the Ryukyu Kingdom was a unified dynasty. However , because their national strength was not particularly strong , in order to maintain peace, they were gradually incorporated into the "Tribute System" of China and Japan, respectively, to the Ming Empire of China and the Satsuma Domain of Japan. It can be said that Japan and China at that time were the suzerain states of the Ryukyu Kingdom. However , for the convenience of everyone's understanding, today we all use "Okinawa" in a unified manner except in specific contexts, which is more commonly used now. Name So how did "Okinawa" swing between China and Japan to become a part of Japan? [Okinawa became a "part" of Japan] After the Meiji Restoration, Japan's national power became stronger and stronger , and the balance between China and Japan was gradually broken Calling Okinawa in name to avoid China's dissatisfaction. However, in 1879, Japan directly abolished the "Ryukyu Domain" and set up "Okinawa Prefecture". However, the identity of the Okinawans at this time is still based on the past "Ryukyu Kingdom". There are also many It was expected that China could exert its influence to check and balance Japan and return the Ryukyu Kingdom. However, with the defeat of China in the Sino-Japanese War in 1895, China completely lost its right to speak in Okinawa, and Japan's rule over Okinawa became more established in 1895. After that, the history of Okinawa was actually somewhat similar to that of Taiwan. It was gradually modernized and Japanized, but it was treated differently and could not be on an equal footing with the Japanese. It was not until the end of the Second World War that the situation changed a little [Whether World War II was liberation, or another abyss ? ] In the later period of World War II, the United States implemented the "island hopping tactics" plan to gradually occupy the islands in the Pacific Ocean, and the ultimate goal was the Japanese mainland. In June 1945, the US military first occupied Okinawa and established the military government "Ryukyu Islands US Military Government" August 1945 In January, Japan surrendered and World War II ended. After the war , the State Department of the United States initially planned to return Okinawa . However, the U.S. military took a fancy to Okinawa’s strategic value and believed that Okinawa was an important part of preventing the communist forces. Douglas MacArthur persuaded The State Department wants Okinawa to stay in the name of "trust rule". In 1950, the United States also changed the military government to the "Ryukyu Islands American Civil Government" to give the Okinawans the right to self-government, which also made their "trust rule" look more justifiable . What exactly is this so-called "trust rule"? [What is "trust control" in the United States? ] After the end of World War II, some areas that were previously occupied by defeated countries will be listed by the United Nations as "trust areas" . The goal of the United Nations is to decolonize local areas and move in the direction of "autonomy" or "independence". However, the trusteeship of Okinawa However, it is a little different from the general trusteeship. In 1952, the "San Francisco Peace Treaty" came into effect. According to the San Francisco Peace Treaty, Okinawa was to be entrusted to the United Nations , but in fact, the United Nations did not really trust Okinawa, but the United States continued to rule the United States at that time. The plan is to make Okinawa its own strategic stronghold. However , the future of Okinawa will mainly be decided by the Okinawans themselves . Independence, return, and being entrusted by the United States are all possible options. At that time, the Okinawans had a trusteeship rule for the United States. , what are you thinking? In the beginning, some Okinawans were actually looking forward to the U.S. to govern! Because compared with Japan, which has not yet been "democratized", the United States was already a senior democratic country . These people thought that "since the United States is the stronghold of democracy, it should respect the Okinawans very much" and let them live a good life . But later, this expectation turned out to be Disillusioned! A large part of the dissatisfaction comes from the performance of the U.S. military bases and American soldiers [from anticipation to disillusionment] For the U.S. military base, the take-off and landing of military aircraft will cause huge noise. If the stored chemical weapons are leaked, it will also seriously pollute the environment. American soldiers have caused many dead ends of law and order. In theory, American soldiers who committed crimes in Okinawa should be sent to a military court for trial . "Ryukyu Identity " reduces Okinawa's "Japanese Identity". However , this " Leaving Japan" plan was not successful . Many policies have had the opposite effect . As a result , because of some of the governance issues just mentioned, the Ryukyu University has instead become an "anti-American base" where intellectuals gather. In addition, the process of suppressing Japanese education in the United States has also affected some Japanese-related Okinawan culture, so that the Less Okinawan people feel that Americans do not respect their culture , and under the accumulation of various dissatisfaction, Okinawans are more and more unwilling to be ruled by the United States [What's the next step for Okinawa? 】 According to the aforementioned "San Francisco Peace Treaty" , the future of Okinawa is decided by the Okinawans. Since the United States is not performing well and is unwilling to be ruled by the United States, the remaining options are "independence" or "return to Japan" at the beginning, In fact, there are two positions. Those who support returning to Japan may miss the period of Japanese rule and want to return to the motherland, or they are envious of Japan's democratic performance and economic development at that time. As for those who support independence, they may be younger generations. They believe that the reason why Okinawa is having such a hard time now is because Japan betrayed them in order to obtain post-war peace, and gave Okinawa to the United States to let them build a military base . Their understandings are not the same, but the two factions still have a consensus on some things. The biggest consensus is that they hope that the US military base can leave Okinawa . So why did the voice of returning to Japan win? The then Japanese Prime Minister "Sato Eisaku" played a very crucial role! 【What did Sato Eisaku do? ] First of all, although Okinawa was "not yet " part of Japan at that time, Sato Eisaku was still willing to help Okinawa "economically". With substantial help, the living environment in Okinawa was improved and Okinawans felt the goodwill of Japan. Since 1966, Japan The amount of aid surpassed that of the United States. On the other hand , although Sato Eisaku seemed to be washing Big Brother’s face in front of the United States, he still had a way to reassure the United States. Constantly guarding against the communist forces. The economic situation in his own country is not good. It can be said that he is facing a dilemma of internal and external attacks. However, Sato not only publicly supported the Vietnam War, but also promised to invest in the American market. He emphasized that Japan will always be a loyal ally of the United States. For the United States, At that time, many things were already overwhelmed, and the anti-American voice in Okinawa became more and more intense, and Japan seemed relatively reassuring . Therefore, in 1971, the United States and Japan signed the "Ryukyu Return to Japan Agreement". In 1972, the United States ruled for more than 20 years. In the future, Okinawa will return to Japan again. However , if we look at it from the current point of view, this so-called "return" may not be completely solved . 】 As we mentioned just now, the most important issue for Okinawans is military bases. However , after returning to Japan, the US military bases are still there . Okinawa accounts for less than 1% of Japan's land area, but they have to pay for it, about 7 It is easy for the public to feel unbalanced in the military base that has been established. Therefore, every year on May 14th, the day before the so-called "Okinawa Return Memorial Day", many Okinawans will march peacefully in the streets, hoping to reduce the burden on the base. The current Okinawa Governor "Danny Yucheng" has long been a very firm "anti-base faction" to reduce the number of U.S. troops stationed in Okinawa. It has always been one of his core political views. However , such a desire may not be so easy to achieve . The first main reason is that In order to retake Okinawa back then, Japan repeatedly assured the United States that it would be a loyal ally of the United States. In this case, the military base was Japan’s most direct ally promise. If Japan later backtracked, the consequences might be disastrous . On the one hand, this is almost equivalent to On the other hand , with the increasing pressure of China and the alliance between the United States and Japan, it is increasingly impossible to easily loosen the second difficult point, which may be related to the economy . The average income of Okinawa prefectures, Only 75% of Okinawans on average in Japan want the military base to be relocated, but they also need the economic assistance brought by the military base. If the military base is really withdrawn, it is difficult to say whether the life of the local people will really be better. [Our point of view] Before entering the point of view, we would like to thank all the members of Zhiqi Qiqi. Because of your support and sponsorship , we can continue to operate this channel. Thank you very much! If you are willing to support us to go further, please click the "Join" button on the channel homepage to become our member, or you can use "Super Thank you" to support us with a small amount. Having said that, there are actually many problems facing Okinawa. However , due to the length of this video, it is too late to talk about it completely, so if you know more information, you are welcome to leave it in the comment area and share it with you! Then we want to discuss the issue of "Okinawa Return" this time. Besides many people have been to Okinawa, it is also because of the history of Okinawa and Taiwan. In fact, there are many similarities. Originally , we all have our own residents, special culture and even All of them have local kingdoms, but later, because of maritime exchanges and wars, they became involved with the Chinese, Japanese, and American regimes, and things became more and more complicated . In the process, we all lost in the labyrinth of "self-identity". Self-doubt, am I Chinese? Is it Japanese? Or maybe it's American? Looking back at history, I often feel very powerless. For hundreds of years, we seem to have been unable to control our own destiny. We have been constantly interacting with and being influenced by these great powers . My own local awareness found that it is not necessarily true that you can only be Japanese, Chinese, or American. Maybe simply being an Okinawan or Taiwanese may also be an option! Well, finally, we want to ask everyone. Finally , if you like today's video, please share it and let more people know the history of "Okinawa Return"! In addition, you can also click here to see the related videos of "Irish Independence" and "Reunification of the Two Koreas" Then , today's Zhiqi Qiqi will come to an end here . See you tomorrow night!
