What If We're Alone Featuring Fraser Cain

[Music] you have fallen into Event Horizon with John Michael gadier [Music] in today's episode John is joined by Fraser Kane Creator and publisher of universe today one of the world's largest portals of space in astronomy news with over 140 000 subscribers in 2006 Fraser joined with Dr Pamela gay to create astronomy cast which is among the top-rated and most popular podcasts in the Natural Sciences remember to subscribe to Event Horizon so you never miss an episode and we're back with Fraser Kane now Fraser another thing that's been developing at Nasa lately is the talk of techno signatures in other words looking for evidence of alien life again now NASA was gun shy about this whole thing for many years you remember studies funding got yanked everybody was fighting about the labeled release experiment and what that actually meant which meant in effect no real direct life detection experiments since and all that but that seems to be changing we seem to be moving into a different Paradigm with NASA where they're willing to Rebrand study as as searching for techno signatures what are your thoughts on that do you think that that's really what NASA should be doing or should that really be remain a privately funded sort of thing oh I think it's absolutely a science question and I think Nas everyone should be thinking about this to some extent [Music] um look I think what's happening is that you've you've got this search for life that is deep in the DNA of NASA at this point the search for Life on Mars The Search of Life on Europa Enceladus one of the goals of jwst is to scan the atmospheres of exoplanets you've got other Technologies coming after which are specifically going to be looking for habitable environments and so it at a some certain point it seems crazy and I talked to Jason Wright I'm sure you've you've mentioned it many times in the past and he says like it's it's ridiculous like why can we search for dumb life but it's wrong to search for smart life and and so it's it's inevitable that you're going to wonder while we're looking for carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of this exoplanet could we all to look for fluorocarbons it turns out we can well then we should and I think that it's just a natural outcome that the the capability of the current instruments is enabling these kinds of of searches and it is absolutely a scientific question are we learning the universe it's possibly one of the most important scientific questions we can possibly ask so it makes sense to ask it and and you're exactly right there's been a dramatic thawing at Nasa and other science agencies to fund this kind of research to host conferences where research has come together and talk about some clever ideas on how they could search for this it's a pretty exciting time in the field of of astrobiology and techno signatures that's one thing that that particularly excites me is the idea of CFCs because not only can you have a situation where you see somebody destroying their ozone layer but CFCs are really really good terraforming gases yeah words you can warm a planet up with those things so we might look out there and see some mars-like world that shouldn't really be holding on to an atmosphere we can tell the age of things like Star systems and it's sitting there holding on to an atmosphere that is heavily populated with CFCs and that's it that's it that can't be natural yeah you know it's the unnatural planet and there is alien life and you don't need a radio signal you don't need anything you just need the light from that world yeah yeah yeah 100 and that's that's where I think the the fruit of This is Gonna Come From is we're gonna spot something weird and jwst can already do it yeah to a limited degree I really enjoy like when you read the papers that came out of the the folks in those technical signature groups the cleverness and Ingenuity of their ideas for things that they could search for some of them had never even occurred to me and then you see these ideas you're like that is so smart that these are the kinds of things that that a civilization could be giving off in some cases intentionally in some cases unintentionally that we could be looking for either with technology we have today or technology that we could develop very soon there was actually an idea that I talked with them about it Robert Severin came up with an idea of many many years ago in the 90s about clusters of weird looking worlds showing terraformers that are moving outward and that you can take it one techno signature that may be ambiguous but if you've got a cluster of them it's not ambiguous and I think that's one area that's going to be of great interest in astrobiology is trying to eliminate the ambiguity of detections yes you know things like wow signal where it's like well it's ambiguous you know and that's been the confounding factor in anything that's been put forward Tabby star or anything else anytime well I mean you look at phosphine in Venus I mean Venus is right over there and astronomers are arguing about whether or not they've actually seen evidence of phosphine in the atmosphere of of Venus can you imagine how much more difficult it would be to confirm the discovery of phosphine in a planet that is 100 light years away unreal unreal yeah yeah and so like I like I think that people are really hoping that there's going to be this moment where someone takes to the stage at Nasa and says we found proof of an alien civilization or even of of life beyond Earth but the reality is is that it's going to just unfold in this long slow meticulous Discovery after discovery we found carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of a planet and we know with Venus that that's possible but we also found methane which is a very hard time for both methane and carbon dioxide to be present in the atmosphere at the same time and this planet is in the habitable zone of its world and it has a magnetosphere and so on and so forth but like I wouldn't be surprised if we are waiting 50 years for scientists to say okay I'm pretty sure we're seeing we're looking at life on this planet but if you find a techno signature in many cases it's it's one and done you know right away that there is no such thing as a triangular shaped planet or a green filter that you put in front of a star there is no such thing as a as a radio wave that goes at a certain you know a certain bandwidth so there are certain frequencies so there are there are things that that that would be techno signatures that actually would be vastly more convincing than than a non-technical life form but there's also the factor that they can also be disappointing for example we you know you come out you say we have detected an unambiguous technological radio signal we know it's narrow band we know all this stuff it has to be if alien origin and everybody's like well what are they like like we don't know that we just know they have radar yeah yeah and that's all we know for decades yep so I I tempered my enthusiasm for the discovery of technological alien life because it could get it's going to get really murky that said I think we have two chances here on Earth to determine if alien life in general exists which is looking at Enceladus in Europa and doing those kinds of missions or cracking the nut of a biogenesis and seeing how difficult it actually is that's enough for me because you find a microbe that's not from here we are not alone we are not alone and that's all you need and it may not be as interesting as as a kleon it's still that tells you you know you find two instances of life in this star system then this universe teams with life and that's also when you need to be nervous because that's when the that's when the Great filter raises its ugly dark shadow it's long Shadow yeah and that you know what actually Disturbed for me the most about the great filter is that we haven't hit it yet in other words we made it this far right without any real problems or else we wouldn't exist so if there is a great filter it's something we have not envisioned because and we are a hundred years away from self-replicating sending out self-replicating robot probes we are we are that close to Von Neumann probes and we're just so close yet when you look out I've seen in all of these years of doing this I've seen nothing that that convinced me that we're seeing any indication of alien life but the problem is I think we should be seeing it you know I think we should see a solution to the firming Paradox when we look out and that they should be everywhere evidence should be everywhere and it isn't what and and so your possibilities are I mean you and I had a debate of sorts a couple years ago and like either there's a great filter or we're alone in the universe and I prefer the latter just because I I don't the former is too horrifying to to conceive of so I'd much rather the answer is the reason we don't see anybody is because we're alone not the reason we don't see anybody is because we're doomed my gut feeling is that we're just rare you know intelligent alien civilizations are just rare and biospheres are not and there's probably microbes pervading the universe they're all over but the more complex you get the harder it is to arrive at that complexity yeah but what I really don't like what scares me is if we are completely alone in the universe because then we we live on the island from lost this place is a magical unicorn where organic chemistry happens it doesn't happen anywhere else and I don't like that solution either well I don't like the response the crushing responsibility because then like life in the universe depends on us and and that's like let's let the Klingons tackle it let's let the Federation handle it yeah as opposed to if we Humanity screw up this planet and wipe ourselves out and then the octopuses you know views all the the petroleum so the octopuses can't build a civilization and then the Sun bakes the planet and life had a chance to escape Earth and it never did and it was our fault that would suck you know that would be that would be absolutely horrible as if our our Legacy is a species as a civilization is not leaving any oil for the octopi and that's what we're remembered for forever is nice guys used all the yeah used all the oil yeah now what do you think about that oil and getting uh getting away from it with the advancement of Technology towards electric cars and things like that to evoke Elon again do you think that we're going to be able to sort of move past that do you think we're close to Fusion do you think that we have an out as far as a potential great filter uh yeah I mean like if you're talking about are we going to suffer consequences for burning all the soil absolutely I mean we're suffering them already um and I but I do think that we we will come out the other side of it without completely dooming humanity and that is the same thing for many of the possibilities a nuclear war wouldn't Doom Humanity a asteroid strike wouldn't Doom Humanity a lot of volcanism when doomed Humanity it would all deal a hammer blow but they wouldn't wipe us off the planet entirely the I you know it gets very existential when you think about what is the great filter because it has to be something that we can't predict because if we you know if other civilizations were able to predicted then they would have been able to avoid it and it's something that happens 100 of the time to every civilization and so whatever this thing is it is it is inevitable it is unpredictable and it is final that it that it that it takes out the entire capacity of the planet to turn itself into a space-faring civilization irrevocably and and there aren't many things that meet that criteria you know even as we look with shock and awe at the capability of artificial intelligences but I've been playing around with this chat GPT and I get Shivers how good this thing is as I have this conversation with this artificial intelligence well you know if the if the if the great filter is is robot overlords they're happy to fly to space so we don't see we don't even see artificial intelligence civilizations out there gobbling up worlds so the great filter is not an artificial intelligence Doom a robotic Doom it's something else unless unless there is a a proto-intelligence and for the Mass Effect people we can call it the Reapers or whatever but that there is that there is just one force out there a police force that prevents the the you know it was first it killed its biological civilization it's an artificial intelligence in the galaxy and it stops any competition in other words once you develop um artificial intelligence or try to develop generalized AI it wakes up it's sitting in your star system is Von Neumann probe and that's back to the Stone Age and that's the great filters that there's something out there that is so heinously powerful and evil ultimately that you get to SmackDown without even knowing and it hides itself simply for the the element of surprise well it doesn't see itself as evil it's just pulling weeds yeah right and when you pull the weeds in your garden when you plant a bunch of seeds down and you pull all the weeds up are you being evil no you're just making sure that the seeds grow so I think we would we at the weed sees what you're doing as reprehensible and you ought to be go off to the Hague but but we don't see it that way yeah my garden my garden does not like me they plant Rebellion no exactly yeah yeah but they just there's nothing they can do to stop you no so I think so my mind my imagination just goes to Weird Science experiments that that always will occur to it to a civilization at the moment of attempting space flight where they go I wonder if I can use metallic hydrogen and then use metallic hydrogen and it wipes out your planet you know that's something there's a wild card metallic hydrogen which we think we think could be metastable so there's a wild card because you we know that the stuff probably exists under very high pressure in in Interiors of gas giants like Jupiter but something comes along and is able to release metallic hydrogen from the gas giant that's a that is a an exotic material which we I mean there are some claims that we've synthesized it but nothing convincing yet and it's like there are materials possible theoretically in the universe and you could bring up you could bring up uh oh there's there's a number of them you know materials that are that are sort of anti-gravity anti materials and things like these sorts of things and that we can Envision but we like strange strange matter strange facts at the speed of light yeah that infects other matter of the speed of light and this sphere that's expanding you'd think though we would run across that by now and not be here I've got I've got a great filter for you that's relatively innocuous but would be maddening for the civilization that was in that position intelligence but you're stuck in water and that it's all water worlds out there and that we got lucky with one that just didn't have quite enough water to be a complete ocean world and the thing is is that if you're stuck in an ocean under an ice shell or even you know just an open ocean you're not gonna harness fire and you're not going to be able to do much right that may be the reality of the universe is that future Humanity may be liberating you know intelligent uh octopus worlds right and uplifting them because they're stuck there you know throwing rafts down to octopus world yeah but I mean again like do you think that every single planet is like that that we're the only planet with a mixture of oceans and land and when we know that Mars used to have a mixture of oceans and land at one point in the past Venus probably had oceans and and land in the past Titan has oceans of methane and land made of ice but still so like the the problem with the great filter with all these ideas is that the numbers are so big that you're you're having to look at numbers that are 100 to 400 billion stars per Galaxy potentially two trillion galaxies in the observable universe multiply those two numbers together that gives you the number of stars that are out there each star probably has multiple planets many of which are going to be in the habitable zone you get to run this this experiment quintillions of times and yet you you only have one world that we know of where life has formed so the you know and I I that it's you know when you look at things like say grabby aliens right it's it's about it's not about like we haven't been looking listening long enough like an alien civilization that is expanding it close to the speed of light gobbling up star systems would be the most obvious thing in the universe see it and yet we don't see a single one every every Galaxy that we see looks untouched every Star that we see looks unenclosed by a Dyson Sphere we don't see any evidence whatsoever of large-scale engineering by any civilization and and yet someone should have somewhere should have gotten through this filter and yet we don't see it so I again we're alone not gonna think about the alternative we are not doomed we are alone well that's that's the other thing is that if we are alone then we're not doomed that's exactly it yeah yeah the universe not only that but we don't we're not going to have to feel bad about going to other star systems because everything is just going to be rocks you know that's true it also you know because of the just the crushing distance of interstellar space it would be very hard for us to actually send a human to the nearest star system now the one thing that we do have is that if we wait long enough you know Stars will pass by yeah they're close enough to where to where we can you know these are the ideas of Benford where you could you know place a probe was whenever a star comes within the light year of you and do it that way but again we don't see any evidence any convincing evidence that this has happened that anybody's put a probe here we just look and we see natural asteroids and you know everything just looks like nature yep but there is the treacherous subject of and this is going to happen in the comments everybody's going to be saying well look maybe they are here and then we're just not recognizing it now NASA has recently set up a panel along with Harvard Navi lobe and everybody else looking into UAP do you think this is ground that should be paid attention to to at least eliminate the the argument sure like like I think you know when you look at the kinds of things that have been seen so far at no point has a spacecraft landed that is currently sitting on the Washington mall and anyone who wants can go over and examine it that does not exist that all of the evidence that has been seen so far is anecdotal circumstantial and Finn and you know whenever I say this kind of thing a lot of people say yeah but what about the commander of the F-18 who saw these objects moving in the sky and chase them around and and you know he's an expert and so on so forth sure but I can't go and examine these things and so the Story begins and ends with his personal testimony and there's no more information to be gained from from that testimony and at the same time you have people like Mick West who have investigated enough of these things and come up with extremely plausible explanations for them that it feels like the remaining ones will probably fall to other either will remain unexplained and there will be you know there will be the wow signal right there'd just be like someone saw something interesting and there's no way to ever find out anything more about it that's too bad um I think if you can and so then you've got to say like when is this a good use of resources and when is this you're just pulling money away from searching for technical signatures right would you would you take you you've got a budget of five million dollars do you want to spend that time examining UAP settings or do you want to spend that budget searching for chlorofluorocarbons using James Webb um and I don't know what the answer is I mean you know I mean and I think so I think having an expert panel look into this and decide or at least come up with some recommendations for where that line should could be drawn I think is very is is is great I think that's a really good use of their time and you look at some of the people on that panel you've got uh David grinspoon you've got I think Scott Kelly's on there you've got a bunch of really interesting people who know what they're talking about and I trust their their work but the question is will the Believers trust their work if they come back and say we've looked into into these and none of the Merit following observations we don't think we should spend any continuing Budget on this will people go yeah you're right what are you gonna do no no and and so there's a there's a lack of a trust in expertise and and unfortunately this search for uaps has has gotten I think mashed up with conspiracy theory to the point that they are inextricably linked at this point I'd hope that they're not and that we could probably get something but you're right it's it's so inextricably linked to conspiracy theories that yeah any results are not going to be accepted even if the results are there's an alien civilization in our atmosphere with us even if that were the no I disagree I think if no I think if if David if you know if if grinspoon comes to the conclusion that there's an alien civilization in the Milky it's in the solar system I would be on board I would believe him oh I would too I would I would personally but that would yeah and I think a lot of other people would too like like I think if you if you had a group of non you know a very serious non-conspiratorially minded scientists come back with a conclusion that Natchez the claims made by the UFO proponents then I think you would have a much wider acceptance of this phenomena the problem is is that the water has just been muddied so badly by you know you go into YouTube and you look at channels where people are just they're they're spouting nonsense and and it but very authoritatively oh it's true and yeah it has to be something it has to be said there's a lot of there there may be a kernel of Truth in this but it's surrounded by a whole lot of fluff you know and it's very difficult to get to it but I can tell you this we've both again been practicing amateur astronomy for many years and I've seen a couple things that I don't know what they are that lead me to wonder if there's something about the atmosphere that we don't know something with lights and Fatima morganos and you know just all of these effects plasmas that lead me to wonder yeah yeah and what I think you know I mean there's been new forms of auroras have been figured out ball lightning that had been predicted for a long time has finally been observed and understood so I I think but there are interesting discoveries to be made in all corners of Nature and so I think the the question is just a matter of budget when do you continue to double like I think for a lot of the UFO proponents there would never be an amount that's enough like you would spend billions of billions of dollars you could set up a system that would track the sky to the nth degree and you wouldn't find anything and that would just be you know that wouldn't be enough so I think you know for the longest time a lot of people have said please will you please just look into this please and and now NASA and the US military said okay we're going to look into this it's also it's also they accept the answer will they accept the answer but there's also stuff that we need to figure out because the Navy you know the U.S uh Navy report seems to suggest that there's an aviation Hazard here and I I interviewed Gary Nolan of Stanford uh recently and you know apparently whatever this phenomenon is it can injure people you know so those things I think it's worth looking into based on you know those sorts of questions but at the same time you know I I people see strange things in this guy no question I mean you ever seen a flock of geese fly over at the middle of the night with street lights yeah you know so you're you're you've got that effect so I think this is going to be a mixed bag whatever they find out they're gonna they're gonna be like there's this is X this is X this is X and then here's an unknown gray basket yep and we may end up exactly where we started ultimately I almost I feel like I could almost guarantee I could I feel like I could write the final report which is we were able to uh explain a bunch uh the ones that are remaining we have some ideas for what they could be but we have no evidence to go any further and murmur that's that's how this report will go and that will obviously the people who are deeply invested into this outcome will be enraged because they'll feel like it wasn't given proper attention Project Blue Book over again yeah it's probably exactly right oh it's just another campaign from those in the know too but because like on the one hand you have this but on the other hand you have as we talked before techno searches you have dozens if not hundreds if not thousands of astronomers who are scanning the sky every night looking for exactly this kind of thing who would love any kind of concrete evidence that this exists out there in the universe and they don't feel like this is sufficient evidence for them to be able to follow on to to make further observations so so I don't think we're going to get anywhere there's enough of them now though there's enough of them now though that are interested I I've interviewed a number and you know Avi lobe and all that so we actually do have good scientists looking into it it's just that I again my fears of ambiguity arise because you know ambiguous results don't work you know they don't answer the question yeah I think I think I worry about that near far wherever the aliens are it's you know but I have to admit though a deep-seated fear of an alien civilization in my atmosphere with me that is technologically vastly Superior that would be a Calamity it's automatically that's automatically pulling yeah yeah everything reduces down the solution of the Fermi Paradox Solutions necessarily dissolves down to the zoo hypothesis if we actually did see 100 yeah yeah I mean like of all of the explanations for the Fermi Paradox the only one that holds water to me is the zoo paradox and it's the worst one well I don't know I mean I think is the person who's worse I mean there's some pretty bad ones so I think having some kind of alien civilization that's attempting to hide our perspective the reality of the universe for some reason hopefully it's a good one is better than than knowing that there's a robotic spacecraft waiting at the asteroid belt to destroy life on Earth the moment somebody is clearly attempting a warp drive or somebody yeah somebody's building you know nanotechnology that could threaten another civilization and that's when it activates you know and yeah that's pretty yeah yeah you know the week it's pulled I don't like that Universe very much no no but I do like a universe where we're simply rare because I think I can back that up I mean it took a lot of evolution to get to us and there was no guarantees and that maybe the real solution is that we live in dinosaur Universe where most planets have you know that suitable planets have life but it never gets to our stage it never gets to intelligence and there's just it's reptile Universe you know yeah I don't even I don't even think there's that kind of life in the universe like I really think like like evolutionary like uh darwinian Evolution through natural selection seems to be a process of creatures becoming more complicated to thrive in their in their Niche and obviously a human being has dominated planet Earth through Evolution and I think you would see as long as the underlying laws of physics remain the same that you've got a limited amount of energy falling on the planet you have various limited amounts of chemicals available limited amounts of water you're going to see competition and you're going to see creatures attempting more and more complicated forms multi-cellular life you know we think that multicellular life happened once but it actually happened dozens of times that we have dozens of examples of life going multicellular and then in some cases failing um I did an interview with some researchers who can force yeast to go multicellular at whim and that was you know that was a big potential great filter for a very long time was the prokaryotic eukaryotic leap yeah and I don't buy that anymore I mean even too much evidence though yeah I even I talked to a researcher saying like you know is there any reason why like when you take an ant and you have an ant colony I think Colony has a has an emergent intelligence that is not present in the ant itself is there no reason why we couldn't have bacteria have an emergent level of differentiation you know like a multicellular organism so I think there's a lot of Pathways that life can take if if the if the one constant is limited amounts of energy chemicals and water available to the life forms they'll get clever life will find a way and so I actually think that that some form of intelligent life is almost inevitable as if you run this experiment and have darwinian Evolution running the show forcing Evolution Time After Time After Time again we should see it more often than we do but as you say it as you say though it may take forms maybe we're a relatively novel form of intelligence and that it may take forms that more often are things like a hive mind like ants things like that yeah well I mean whatever it is I mean intelligence flexibility seems to be I mean obviously was one of the greatest tricks that Evolution ever came up with I mean it figured it out two or two for human beings and then human beings went and took over the whole planet and enslaved every other life form that's a trick like Evolution figured out a pretty clever trick it seems and and you can see other life forms here from octopuses to covet Birds corvids to dolphins pigs like there's a lot of other monk you know a lot of other life forms are progressing down this intelligence pathway so the you know another example of of is it convergent evolution where you have multiple life forms coming upon the same Advantage you know yeah the uh dolphins dolphins and sharks are shapes yes bats and bats and birds right they fly yeah so so I think that and we've seen eyesight evolve enough times that it does it just feels like if it's if it's a way to get ahead in a in a in an environment with scarce resources Evolution will stumble upon it eventually and intelligence seems to have value in survival that's interesting because that makes the Fermi Paradox even more puzzling because if if it is why we're alone um I don't know I uh I just um you know I spend way too much time thinking about the Fermi Paradox obviously since I have a YouTube channel that I've done nothing but talk about it for the last six years but well I think well then me too I mean you know probably every two or three question shows I do a deep dive into into the Fermi Paradox and and you know you can always tell the newbies to my channel because they ask me if you think we're alone in the universe um and and I'm like well let me tell you what I think um but or they say Do you believe in aliens and they're like well we'll rant but I but I do think that if you think that you've got a if you think you've got a solution to the fairy Paradox you don't understand the Fermi Paradox enough right yeah that's that's my that's my feeling is is like if you're like well yeah but like what if they are really far we've only explored a little bit of the universe you know you you're then the true weight of the firm repair dogs hasn't sunk into your brain yet it's terrifying haunting possibilities my last question for you today Fraser is the biggest existential crisis of them all an asteroid that's the one thing that can take us out and not for long apparently because of the dart Mission what's your views on that do you think that we're now sufficiently able to say that we can deflect an asteroid yeah that was that was a huge relief there's two actually two big two things that happen in Fairly rapid succession the first one was the dart Mission which ended up changing the orbit of this asteroid much more than anyone was ever anticipating like it turned out to be easier than we than we thought and so now if you want to move an asteroid if you have if you've got more time then you can don't have to move it very far if you don't have a lot of time you can smash it with a heavier impactor I've seen papers where people are now starting to go back and look at impactors that we only have like weeks of notice the other thing is the level of the early warning system has gotten so much better there was this asteroid that struck Canada on November the 19th and astronomers detected about three and a half hours before impact the Catalina Sky survey detected the asteroid announced it to all the astronomers astronomics and following observations and within an hour they had pinpointed exactly where and when and how big this thing was and how much damage it was not going to do because it was a one meter asteroid and that was a one meter asteroid you take something bigger like could tell you Ben's size Rock and now you've got days or even weeks worth of notice well if we had weeks of notice about televinsk people would have known to not stand in front of their window when this thing air burst and thousands of people went to the hospital with lacerations so you put that together and we now have the ability to detect the trajectories of asteroids with stunning accuracy matched with a theoretical capability to shift an asteroid out of the way well you can start you know we could launch impactors into space on various trajectories that could intercept incoming rocks I think we can solve this problem within a couple of decades to the point that it is no longer an issue it's really exciting which is really exciting because it means it's not a great filter because it's not a good time between the discovery of asteroids in general to today is what 200 years something along those lines yeah and we were able we went from Discovery to mitigation into centuries and that would suggest that this is not a wide scale problem but it was never a great filter because like what are the chances that an asteroid impact would take out 100 of civilizations like you always got to go back when everything with a great filter you gotta think this thing has to be 100 you've got 400 billion stars in 2 trillion galaxies and yet not a single one has evaded the great filter yeah it it gets so situational though because you're going to have some star systems that just have too much material and there's just they're never really quiet down enough for civilization to develop but you also have systems that would be the opposite and they might even be better than the solar system so yeah exactly you just can't yeah and so what is as long as there's a like if if there's a one percent chance that there's a 99 chance an asteroid will wipe out every civilization then the one percent will go on to dominate the entire observable universe yep yep and that's always the math yeah even even even the Birds survived the dinosaurs are still with us they didn't go extinct so yeah even the Birds managed to pull it off all right Fraser thanks again for joining us and we'll have to do this again at the end of next year and see let's see what's happened sure anytime yeah Event Horizon on my channel are now available as a podcast on Apple podcasts Spotify and YouTube memberships early ad free episodes bonus episodes and sleep focused content sign up now by clicking the links below to your platform of choice thank you foreign [Music] [Applause] [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] thank you [Music]

Channel: Event Horizon

Views: 111,891

Keywords: We Might Be Completely Alone in the Universe, fraser cain, event horizon, john michael godier, fermi paradox, what if we are alone?, why we might be alone in the universe, david kipping, space, universe, aliens, artificial intelligence, avi loeb, lex fridman, oumuamua, uap, ufo, godier, event horizon godier, event horizon show, john michael godier show

Id: ULLUeHmfD1g

Length: 42min 15sec (2535 seconds)

Published: Thu Dec 29 2022