the sky is for everyone [Music] a man can fly not so long ago words like these brought people out into the streets to gaze up with wonder at a man in flight even today some of that feeling still hangs over but often when we think of flying we think of adventurers guiding their airborne galleys into an element unknown to ordinary mortals well we think of great airliners spanning the oceans and linking the continents as they carry the glamorous the important and the elite of the world on their high concerns true once the sky was for the few more recently the sky has been for the many for many people and for many purposes for crop dusting and insect control for crating goods to places hitherto considered out of reach for keeping the pioneers in the bush country in touch with civilization speeding the mails and a hundred other special jobs often done by special airplanes designed for their special purpose the special purpose of the huge long-haul transport is to shrink the distances of a continent to those of a single state and for some years now every large city in our country has been within just a few hours air travel of every other [Music] it's these huge four engine airliners whose great speed and dependability and comfort have taken flying beyond the fuel and given it to the many and in the process have created the need for the new airplane which now completes the picture a new airplane designed and developed for the special purpose of shrinking the more intimate distances the distances between cities and towns in the same region now every city greater small can be tied to the mainline no longer is the sky for the few or even for the many now the sky is for everyone this new airplane is a full-scale transport and everything would range on every test flight it's standard procedure to cut off one engine the time there not only holds its altitude comfortably but actually keeps on climbing these engines in fact are exactly the same engines which United uses on its lands top VC sixes giving the convair the reserved power to lift it quickly out of the smaller airfields and to fly the multiple stop schedules have long-haul speeds [Music] since all unites convair roots work out of big city terminals these planes get the same hanger service as their long-haul brothers almost a thousand square feet of metal wing area plus the oversized flaps provide fast lift for short runways and the fuel load in the 1700 gallon tanks is always figured for at least an hour extra travel beyond the farthest scheduled destination even if the full load of 44 passengers the male and a ton and a half of cargo for merchants and manufacturers and service companies the cities along the multiple stop route to get the passengers on and off quickly in airports with small ground crews this special purpose airplane carries its own landing steps and secures its own doors human it's saved at each of several stops can give the passenger just that much extra time in the terminal city or at home this flight began to the captain and the first officer more than an hour ago when they reported at the Field Operations office to check the weather along the route and lay out their detailed flight plan and when the tower radios down their clearance to taxi they're ready to roll [Music] and the head of the runway when they complete the cross-check of each instrument and control which was proceeded every takeoff they hear white 335 Berman [Music] and they're on their way after what once would have been the wild blue yonder but now is just an ordinary routine day's work [Music] off the ground with the landing gear tucked up out of the stream there's still enough clear runway left underneath for two more takeoff [Music] again suited to its special job this is a fast climbing airplane gloomy weather lifting its passengers up to smooth air and sunshine in a matter of minutes and flight out the Jews far above any hilltop along the route when the crew levels off and locks the automatic pilot into one of the beams which pad in the sky with invisible electronic highways the convair is carrying its people and their goods in comfort and safety at four miles or more per minute all kinds of people on all kinds of errands at this moment of the air over almost half the states of the nation the conveyors of this one airline are thundering their daily proof that no longer is the sky for the few nor even for the many now the sky is for everyone the skies for everyone up in the San Joaquin Valley in Sacramento Stockton Fresno Baker's me skies for water McKibben last year is power-tool business outgrew his Factory in the city a valley town invite him to build up there the problem you still have to spend two days a week down at his old sales headquarters the answer the airline with room for a more efficient layout and pleasanter working conditions the new plants turning out more tools at lower unit costs most of all his key employees moved up here with him and they liked it their kids will grow up in an environment that would have been out of their reach down in the city Walter himself can live in a relaxing country a sort of home that would have been an hour's nerve-racking traffic drive from his old location his business done the trip that once would have kept him two nights away from home now finds him returning the same evening with dinner on the plane time for Bridger a movie witnesses mckibben and young walk the new luggage rack right in the cabin even lets him walk straight to his cab without waiting for baggage out front this guy is even for people who never ride the airplanes but who benefit from others will do in cities like Salt Lake Ogden Elko Reno doctors in city's distant from the Metropolitan Hospital centers doctors like Bob Joyce once found it hard to keep up to date on the new things professional magazines and local meetings are fine but the specialist still wants clinic work in one of the big medical centers this is Joyce approves of the clinic trips especially in the first part of the week when she can go along with the doctorate the family have faired have fair but all comfort early this morning dr. George made his essential calls he's traveled what would have been a full day's trip by car and he still has a full afternoon ahead for the kind of work that keeps him in touch with everything new in his profession tomorrow morning you'll be back in his practice ready for whatever new problems that they may bring skies for every merchants for merchants and Cheyenne Scots plug North Platte Grand Island lately today women in convair cities are a smartly dressed and shard on Main Street as they could be on Fifth Avenue there are bigger shops in bris X a few smarter bris X displays or as fresh and buried thanks to the air as any in the metropolis perhaps even a little ahead since Margaret brzenk knows our customers as friends and shops for them as individuals there'll be no check for this meal no tips to the attendant Margaret bris act flies to Chicago New York for actually less money than she can travel my Pullman the schedules were arranged to bring the conveyors in to their terminals for quick connections with mainline flight to anywhere in the country or the world for that matter Margaret brisk our will they over one flight for a quick visit to her Chicago wholesalers with no problems on her mind about luggage transfer since the tag on that smart green case will automatically transfer it to the nonstop DC six or DC 7 miss you [Music] [Music] destination New York like buyers for more and more department stores and specialty shops and convair cities margaret breeze accuses the airplane to visit the top metropolitan stylists and wholesalers several times a year without having to be away from the store more than a couple of days at a time and air expressed with its Next Day Delivery Service for odd sized items that to keep downer inventory at the same time she increases the variety of her styles and models and everybody wins the skies for everyone likes good live in South Bend Fort Wayne's Toledo Cleveland the parties like good living and they can afford it and mrs. Farley particularly wants Joan to get a broad background of gracious living before she marries next year and settles down to a young family [Music] well good living New York has more restaurants foreknown much better than a couple right here in town for luxury foods tonight's special lobsters come to Victor's by conveyer only one day from the cold salt water of Maine the orchids for tonight's corsage two days ago were still growing on a tropic vine in Honolulu and when a good play opens on Broadway only this probably just gets a little restless New York is only a few hours away comfortable even luxurious hours with the cabin pressurized to a pleasant altitude and ventilated with air conditioning that cools or warms without uncomfortable grass Pleasant hours with reclining seats of foam rubber and big double pane windows that never fog up to obscure the scenery below for miles and more every minute get up here you hardly realize your movie this morning a golf course in Ohio tonight play tomorrow and Saturday more of that background June and home Sunday morning in time for church the skies for everyone who must be in two places at once the Troubleshooters from the industries of Allentown Bethlehem Eastern Bradford Olien Youngstown Warren Sharon from Akron Canton to a factory in Ohio comes an urgent call from a mine in Nevada where the old mine cars are being replaced with a new rubber railroad on a big job like this every day counts rush out your top man but Nevada is two days away by train and the top man is doing a job in Cuba four days from now my mom goa department head would have had to reach for an answer now he reaches for a phone but one man's answer may be another man's headache it's exactly that - George Kruk at the troubleshooter who has a date with mrs. Crockett three days from now Davie made ten years ago well what do you do you know what you do you're in business and job is in trouble so you do what the man says the morning flight out of Akron makes an easy connection in Chicago with a non-stop west plenty of time to think out the job while you write and maybe just maybe the deal doesn't run into any snags that's wonderful how much brighter the world looks after that second cup of coffee out on the job will be no pushover but none of mine and there's still two days to the big ten and kinetics then you know buying you snags couple breaks with a big tenth now one day away [Music] [Music] 2,000 miles out a Java work done 2,000 miles back it would have been five days of the least by train or car and you're back home and three nice for the man who signs your paycheck nice is still for you and the lady who helps you spending the skies for everyone who travels to sell the Moline Davenport Rock Island Iowa City cedar revit Des Moines the new combination of multiple stop air routes and the rental automobile is bringing about a quiet revolution among traveling salesmen [Music] in some Harris's have been example Harris used to travel a territory roughly 300 miles across he drove his own car it was always away from home except for weekends his kids grew they began to ask who was that nice man who came to visit mommy on Sundays he never thought of flying until the time young Vinney got run over and in the emergency had to leave his car and come home by plane now he's a commuter let's see today is Wednesday Harris covered his northern towns Monday and Tuesday he spent last night at home had a good sleep in his own bed and he's relaxing on this early morning ride to start his East End cause fresh and fitness of course he needs a car out there but now he orders a rental car when he picks up his ticket and it's waiting for him when he gets off the plane his regular air travel charge card is both credit reference and charge plate and in this locality the car cost him ten cents a mile and seven dollars a day which in his case figures out at around two dollars a call [Music] 11:30 a.m. he's 200 miles from home and this is his third call of the morning you have a leisurely lunch with a fourth customer and be on the road again before he could even have reached town under the old system of driving his own car from home and he's still fresh he fit his territory has been expanded until now he covers three states expenses up little or nothing earnings up a lot on the return trip feel right up his orders and reports be able to lock his business at his briefcase before genie in the thundering herd meet him at the airport for another night with his family instead of alone in some distant hotel it's a whole new way of life disguise for everyone wants double pleasure on a vacation from Philadelphia from Toledo Milwaukee Moline des Moines Omaha two years ago Marion Basin air gang drove to New Orleans for their vacation it was fun but the drive use up three days each way in their sightseeing down south a pretty crowded last year California same problem this year says Marion it'll be different very different indeed [Music] well at last it's actually hammering for two whole weeks notification Malcolm Tom adores no filing folders Hawaiian guitar the magic of orchids unread Colton tropic moon I'm not in probably for tall tanned and terrific young men Diamondhead with 12 full days out of this two weeks on that beach at Waikiki and says a girl had to be practical it's with hotel tours everything wrapped up in a package including round-trip plane fare all for not much more than the cost of an ordinary vacation this is living and for a final touch a nice blustery homecoming to tee off the tails of a South Sea Sun the skies for everyone who has relatives to be like a certain nice elderly couple on a farm between Providence and Hartford their two grandchildren out west now and that's quite an attraction along riding the train but ever since Graham and the son-in-law got him into the air for the first time there's been aa Polly Ian Graham make the trip twice a year now but every time there's the same old argument about the luggage Graham always figures a trend for another president pledge take in the forty pound baggage allowance dad's always just assured that this time she's stretching it too far of course these eighty pounds on the two tickets with Dan's always been a careful me a little heavy I'll be worth a dollar or two excess to tell the kids have you told Graham once he told her a thousand times thirty nine and a half pounds mr. Wilcox well it always a next trip the route was flying dc-3s from the folks first started making the trip but Graham likes the easy stairs of the convair the way the cabin floor stays level and the planes on the ground every trip Graham asked the captain the same question she never has gotten squared away on this pressurization thing well it seems that the airplane is flying high in the smooth thin air twelve fourteen thousand feet but the cabin under pressure inside you might say is flying less than a third that high which is why your ears don't pop anymore when the plane lets down for a landing [Music] tired who say but the train they might have taken is still a day in the night away trip that long it might get tired the skies for everyone who would like to make a trip East for free San Diego Long Beach Salinas the sky maybe for everyone but a big chunk of private sky is reserved at the moment for Wally French in the very new mrs. French [Music] this is one of those moments and a nice kiss they'll do well I think they may do very well indeed because though their heads and hearts are high in the sky at this point while his feet are always solidly on the ground we can go anywhere in our honeymoon while I figured so what's the matter with Detroit what's so special about Detroit said Margaret so they make automobiles there said Wally we're buying a new car anyway so we take delivery at the factory and the three hundred dollars or so we save on Freight will buy our flights east and pay a good share of our expenses on the drive home we'll see Bryce and Zion and the Grand Canyon how can we lose you if you keep your feet dug deep in the ground when you stop in Vegas [Music] and the sky is for everyone in the big distances of the Pacific Northwest Twin Falls Boise Pendleton Spokane Walla Walla Medford Eugene Salem Portland Seattle Tacoma Bellingham Vancouver the clouds and fog which occasionally obscure these airports are no longer the old problem because with ILS the instrument landing system the captain takes his ship down through the clouds on a pair of matched electronic beams as surely as though you were going down stairs with his hand on the banister knowing through his constant radio contact with ground that no other airplanes or anywhere in this vicinity ILS works quite simply a slim vertical beam the banister keeps the plane from straying to write a letter a flat beam the stairway slants upward from the end of the airport runway to make a gently sloping glide path to marker beams shoot up vertically to announce the distance to the touchdown point and when the nose of the airplane pushes through the underside of the overcast it's pointed directly into the head of the runway the twin beams make their foot by foot reports to the pilots on an instrument as clear to read as an automobiles pedometer the horizontal needle tells the pilots whether the airplane is above or below the sloping stairway the vertical needle reports whether it's to the right or left of the guiding banister when the two needles cross at right angles the plane must break out under the overcast with its nose on the correct glide angle to the touchdown point of the runway no longer a problem to the conveyors his rein rice or snow on the short runway when the giant blades of those two propellers reverse their pitch and push against the air rather than pull an airplane slows down right now [Music] [Music] [Music] okay [Music] as usual not even on the multiple stock routes now that the conveyors of flying rooms [Music] like the baggage conveyor cargo necessarily travels on passenger schedules and business concerns along the routes ship and receive a surprising variety of goods perishables like baby chicks and tree-ripened fruit replacement machine parts to beat costly shutdowns all manner of goods which the local merchants fly in to give big-city service to their patrons without loading their shelves with slow moving inventory this one convair flight carry the typical assortment new line of shoes a show dog live tropical fish tonight's drive-in film water heater emergency machine parts apparel fillings electric appliances and fresh-cut flowers with this movie airplane the sky is not only for everyone it's for everything it's for more gracious living - the freshening of family ties and for the poor use of rare skills is for the travel one couldn't otherwise afford for keeping in step with a march of progress it's for running a city factory in country air for bringing 5th Avenue to Main and L and making vacation dreams come true and it's for stretching the calendar so the men who travel can do that job of work and still have time left over to live with their families like any other [Music] no longer is the sky for the fuel no longer even for the many today the sky is for everyone the sky you [Music] [Music] [Applause] this is the convair 880 commercial jet airliner more than four years have been devoted to developing and proving the 880 to make it the finest and safest modern jet transport possible from 880 assembly lines now producing on a regular production schedule for 880 aircraft were specifically assigned to the test programs three of these aircraft have been flying on regular test scheduled the other was assigned to ground tests here in the structural test facility its task was to demonstrate 880 ability to withstand the maximum flight loads it was designed to take rigged in these elaborate wiffle tree arrangements the aircraft was deliberately twisted and bent in a series of instrumented tests tests that were designed specifically to explore maximum design loads in a program that simulated all operational extremes of flight through all types of weather during these investigations hard landings were simulated up to design limit loads engine pods and pylons were tested to extremes to simulate sight just loading such as would be encountered in rough stormy air the fuselage was pressurized and deliberately deflected with massive loads to prove its ability to withstand forces that might be encountered during a pullout such as would result from an abnormally steep dive typical of the tests conducted on the aircraft while those accomplished in the vertical tail areas diametrically opposed loads were used in a torsion test that applied maximum loads to the vertical fin in one constant direction while at the same time opposite loads were applied to the rudder a test that explored strains that could be encountered during an engine out condition entail fan bending tests loads of up to 32,000 pounds were used to bend the vertical pen 15 inches off setter a test designed to simulate maximum side gust loading conditions critical Wayne deflection tests were undertaken to simulate maximum Wayne loading like the strains that could be encountered in a severe stall or pullout maneuver during this test the wings were deflected as much as 6 feet with loads ranging as high as 160 thousand powers downward deflection of the nose area was in excess of one inch with over 43,000 pounds of load in this area aft section loading was 100 thousand pounds with a total downward deflection on the section of only eight inches the aircraft returned to normal following these maximum loads with no problems encountered in each phase of the test program the airplane was fully instrumented and results recorded for complete evaluation the aircraft was engineered to exceed these test limits by one and a half times the maximum design loads applied without sustaining any major structural failure [Music] on assembly lines now producing 880's for delivery to Airlines and 880 was constructed to undergo an exhaustive fatigue cycling demonstration it was installed in a special tank majoring 110 feet long by 20 feet wide when filled to capacity for the test the tank contains nearly 400,000 gallons of fresh water in the investigation currently in progress and scheduled to cover more than a year the fuselage will be continuously cycle under water in a test that will simulate more than 40 years of first line service operation a system of hydraulic actuators are used to apply the strains that would be encountered during actual ground or in-flight operation of the aircraft the fuselage was constructed complete with stub wings addition of the wings permitted full-scale examination of the fuselage including strains produced in the wing root area this is the first time that the combined fuselage and wing section of a commercial jet aircraft have been fatigue tested this extensively in the United States the test is being run on a weekly basis approximately 5,000 cycles are completed each week the tank has been drained for a thorough inspection and refill for continuation of testing control of the test and recording of data is done in a structure adjacent to the tank here through an electronic time controlled cycle program the fuselage is automatically put through a complete landing taxi and flight cycle each minute each one minute cycle simulates one hour of actual flight time during the cycle the fuselage is pressurized from zero to eight point six pounds per square inch internal pressure well in excess of my some in-flight operation pressures and then back to zero again the stresses applied to the aircraft during various stages of cycling range from one point to 2 to 1 point 8 5 times the pull of gravity daily inspections are made by specially trained crews of divers to ensure that no trouble could go undetected at any time as a result of these tests Airlines purchasing the 880 will be furnished with inspection manuals that will contain information on the tests and serve as a guide for routine inspections for the life of the aircraft in addition to ensuring that the aircraft will maintain its air worthiness serviceability through a full first-line lifespan of 40 years more than 400 in flight test hours have been completed by the three tests 880 jet airliners involved in the program the availability of these aircraft to meet flight schedules has been the best of any aircraft ever tested F compare 3 and 4 engine minimum takeoff performance and maximum effort landing investigations were conducted at the Air Force flight test center at Edwards Air Force Base California these tests were conducted to determine takeoff capabilities at various weights and required runway lengths using both 3 & 4 engines minimum landing distances and rejected takeoff distances were also established over 200 stalls were completed in the program to determine slow speed flying characteristics and varied configurations pule Jefferson on the 880 is accomplished through for fuel nozzles located in pairs near the apt tip edge of each way the nozzles eliminate the customary extendable dump chute they are permanently fixed with no moving parts and no maintenance requirements the pattern is such that fuel can be jettisoned at all speeds without impinging any of the aircraft surfaces flow rates for the system were established as being well above those required it is able to dump 50 1700 pounds in a period of 20 minutes 65 percent faster than minimum requirements each of the three test aircraft is specifically instrumented for the particular group of tests being conducted during any given flight basic data receiving equipment includes an airborne tape recorder or permanent record and a direct reading oscillograph to portal panels containing all instruments pertinent to the test a temperature recorder automatically keeps a record of temperatures and all areas of the ship throughout the entire flight during flutter tests telemeter in is used in these investigations the planet contacts the facility and initiates the test event by means of a countdown all flutter flight activities are monitored here in the telemeter facility once a test has been initiated by the pilot data is transmitted as it is produced on the aircraft two recorders capable of handling twenty separate data functions at one time in addition to the permanent record discriminators break the incoming RF frequencies into voltages that are graphically interpreted in visual form or an immediate quick look evaluation with the test satisfactorily completed and tabulated clearance has been given by the facility to the aircraft to continue to the next checkpoint both here in San Diego and at the Edwards flight test facility extensive testing was done on the thrust reverser system developed jointly by convair and General Electric for the CJ 8:05 - three engines that power the 880 over 100 taxi runs were made to establish cascade settings that would achieve optimum efficiency during all test flights completed by the three 880 test aircraft to date no engine changes have been made as a result of engine failure the 880 is now leaving production lines on regular schedules ready for delivery during the test program it has proven its ability to land and take off well within performance predicted limits and in level flights as more than meThe speed performance guarantees by demonstrating its ability to fly at its optimum estimated speed of 615 miles per hour all can bear testing has been concluded and emphasis is now shifting to final Federal Aviation Administration certification testing certification will be completed by spring 1960 with first deliveries beginning in November of 1959 to transworld and Delta Airlines this then is the convair 880 the world's fastest jet parallel structurally and performance for rug Julius Lea point first of all the most advanced jet airliner available to the flying public today [Music] [Music] this is the mock-up of the 880 jetliner in the convair plant at San Diego California and here is Bernie Simon's the senior project engineer to tell you more about this new jet transport as a man so closely associated with the 8av project I might be under suspicion of being a little prejudiced therefore I welcome this opportunity to present to you this factual on glamorized motion picture report however before showing in this film I would like to introduce you to this medium-range jet transport it is designed to be the fastest jet airliner on the market today and to combine elegance and comfort with rugged qualities of construction and workmanship the 880 aircraft will be one of generous dimensions and superb performance it's 2,000 square foot wing will hold 10,000 770 gallons of fuel it's 124 foot fuselage will carry 88 to a hundred and eleven passengers with their baggage and ample space for cargo the for General Electric CJ 805 - three engines will give the airplane a cruising speed of 615 miles per hour the 880 encompasses all of the design and manufacturing experience gained in the manufacture of the commercial conv airliners the 243 40 and 440 as well as the jet aircraft the f-102 f-106 and the four engine be 58 yes as the film will show we do not lean entirely on this experience on the contrary convair engineering has embarked on test programs of a scope unique in aircraft manufacturer to make the 880 the safest most reliable jet aircraft in the skies every part must be considered all-important even the smallest a rivet a weld or a bowl like this one for instance the proven methods of design development and testing gave the convair liners their high reputation bring the same standards to the 880 before the first flight it must be established beyond a doubt that the tiniest part will do its job perfectly far beyond the normal demands to be made on it from the first test to the first flight there can be no compromise test designed to give punishment no part would have to survive must show that the 880 will be a consistent blending of elements which like this small boat have failed safe this failsafe standard will pay high dividends in aircraft service life costly maintenance and lost flight time can begin with a single faulty rivet the place to prevent failure is here in the test rig even the smallest weld must prove that it will perform its function well beyond the possible need the cable which will steer the 880's big double nose wheel is stretched twisted and jerk thousands of times in this performance test device to be sure it will give trouble-free service clear pilot vision is vital at takeoff and touchdown to give the pilots a high level of windshield vision in bad weather a new clearing system using bleed air from the engines is being developed the air is fed to newly designed pressure nozzles which directed against the glass in a fan shaped pattern a rain gun or a jet pump system developing velocities up to 150 knots simulates a one inch per hour rainfall at takeoff and touchdown speeds here we see a test landing the rain strikes and pilot vision is impaired runway touchdown 15 seconds speed 120 knots the clearing system is switched on almost instantly most of the windshield is cleared and good visual contact is possible again another series of windshield tests is made to study the impact effect of flying birds potential hazard to aircraft and personnel to eliminate this danger extensive testing of new windshield designs is carried out to find one of sufficient impact resistance to pass the test the windshield must prove that it offers good protection for the pilots the dummy and windshield are properly positioned to closely simulate the possible damage of the impact of a real bird a newly formed chicken is fired at the test windshield by a high-pressure air gun the air gun can fire the chicken against the test windshield with a velocity corresponding to the 880 s cruising speed compressed air is built up in the gun pressure can be regulated to fire the bird at the necessary speed pressure setting and firing is done at a safe distance by remote control pressure continues to increase until firing level is reached the glass fractures but it does not shatter in this test the dummy showed no damage to his simulated human tissue here is the same test in slow motion from the pilots point of view although in this test the windshield passed satisfactorily convair engineers prefer a newly developed laminated shield being tested now in an airliner of the 880 s capabilities great structural strength is the first consideration in design to make certain that these specifications are met sections of the 880's fuselage are subjected to exhaustive tests in this test end a 1/4 fuselage section is artificially ruptured to simulate possible in-flight damage to the skin compressed air is pumped into the test specimen and fluctuated with a pressure switch it was necessary to learn that there would be a dangerous growth in the size of the crack and whether it would weaken the structure below the level of flight safety a maximum pressure of 10 pounds per square inch was reached at one point in this test following each series of 50 pressure cycles measurements are taken of the crack and compared with the length of the crack at the beginning of the test although the crack grew slightly there was no indication of serious travelling of the rupture the section depressurize is slowly without seriously weakening the structure in another test a nine inch steel dagger is dropped to a penetrating ports into the fully pressurized fuselage section the artificial rupture and dagger test give conclusive proof of the high level of structural strength built into the 880 extensive fatigue testing of the forged window frames designed for the 880 have been conducted with satisfactory results other pressure tests conducted on the single inner window bore out that it can withstand double a normal cabin pressure this proves that the single inner window would hold even if the double outer windows were lost a test to measure the shear strength of the fuselage skin is setup increased loads are applied to the specimen until stresses far exceeding the effects of the most adverse flight or landing conditions are reached after loads of 110,000 pounds a few slides lost its temporary wrinkling and recovered its normal shape and strength completely when pressure was released above 130,000 pounds permanent buckling began to appear the section withstood a total load of 180,000 pounds before failing test results more than adequate before designs for a wing access door are accepted comparison tests of wing sections with and without the door are made in this test rig the wing sections were subjected to spectrum fatigue loading which reproduces all significant loads applied to the wing in flight test results showed that great structural strength to be retained in the wing with the added advantage of an access door high margins of safety are also incorporated even into the design of the 880's tail antenna communications plans include a 1000 watt transmission system for a range of 1,000 miles at 40,000 feet a careful study of antenna impedances is made on a test model built high above possible electrical interferences to duplicate the electrical characteristics of the 880 a model is covered with a fine metal mesh a satisfactorily strong antenna would place the insulating gap above the highest rudder hinge still the 880 must have an antenna that meets the specification for range and power a remote control system is installed to eliminate error and readings caused by the proximity of the engineers themselves when the test system is adjusted the model is closed and the engineers go below to the remote control station now a system of pulleys operates the antenna system in the model an error of even 1 ohm is too much the readings must be exact in this way accurate measurements of limits and ranges are made these tests paved a way for an antenna which will combine excellent transmission and reception quality with long-range and great structural strength in the vertical stabilizer to make an accurate check on the air conditioning system and temperature control a completely equipped metal the section is delivered to the cold chamber here temperatures can be varied from minus 102 plus 200 degrees Fahrenheit to produce conditions far more extreme than any of the 880 will ever encounter the 880 mock-up room at convair is the proving ground for experimental design and fixture testing the consideration given here to passenger comfort is also evident in the 880 s pilot compartment convenient features ranging in importance from this easily accessible flight kit and data case holder to a secure place to put a cup of coffee have been incorporated the crew seats are contoured and completely adjustable to any normal operational position convair has pioneered in pilot design cockpits and the 880 s front office is designed to reduce pilot fatigue and allow the men who fly it to do their jobs in the easiest most efficient way possible movable arm rests make it easy to get in and out these other men will be in these chairs on the maiden flight of the 880 their combined flight time of over 25,000 hours makes them experts in matters of cockpit comfort and safety this schematic fuel metering and routing board tells the engineer at a glance the condition of the entire fuel flow system the position of every fuel valve and pump is clearly visible his tilted instrument panel puts every control for the electrical air conditioning ignition oil and flight control systems at his fingertips the panel is angled so that if necessary the pilot can read the instruments from his station these specially designed fire control handles are within easy reach of both pilots a pull on the red handle automatically stops fuel flow and ignition to the effective engine if the trouble persists the blinker changes to steady red and the extinguishing switch safety locked behind the handle be operated two sets of levers on this cleanly designed throttle column make it impossible to activate the reverse thrust baffles on the engines without first reducing power another safety feature special designing has been undertaken to cut the ground handling and out of service time costs to an absolute minimum with this aircraft as an example of the attention given to standard airline maintenance procedures engine replacement methods for the 880 have been greatly simplified engine removal time has been reduced considerably with the clamshell call opened clear out work can begin on both sides of the engine at once on engine left or fluid disconnection Zara quickly me at the same time three power cable disconnections on engine right and to bleed air duct joints this done the engine is ready for removal a specially designed removal cart is wheeled under the engine guide rails on the cart are easily lined up with corresponding points on the engine when the car has been centered the karke bed is raised until it is in line with anchor points a few bolts holding the engine to the frame are removed and rail clamps are tightened down the engine is then lowered and the cart is ready for rapid secure movement to the repair shop engine installation is the exact reversal of the removal steps the tooling program moving in steps with a design and testing program we'll be ready to shape to a day when every single part and sub assembly has been tested to the rigid fail-safe standards minor components are being produced even now by December 1957 manufacturing on the major component level will have begun in November of 1958 the first completed production 880 will roll off the assembly line to be test flown the following January in the meantime more and more tests are being conducted on increasingly larger test specimens and never losing sight of the ADT's intended purpose an aircraft of outstanding performance and economy [Music]
