Ultimate Guide to FRAME RATES for CINEMATIC VIDEO - When to use 24, 25, 30, 50, 60, 100, 120 FPS?

in this video i'm going to explain everything you  need to know about frame rate for cinematic video   in this ultimate guide i'm going to clear up  any misconceptions and help you avoid mistakes   that takes away from the cinematic quality  of your films let me start by saying that   all frame rates can be cinematic instead of asking  what frame rate you should use the more important   thing to understand is when to use a frame rate  in context of your shots if you think you know   everything about frame rates stick around because  there's a good chance you'll learn something new   if you want your videos to look more cinematic  you have to consider every shot and every edit   as unique i put together five questions you can  ask yourself as the ultimate guideline to help   you choose the best frame rate question one what  is your region the only time you will choose a   frame rate based on your region is when you're  shooting anything that works with electricity   like lights or a screen this has got to do with  the fact that different regions use a different   energy frequency better known as the alternating  current with the pal region running at 50 hertz   and ntsc region at 60 hertz what this means is  if you choose a frame rate that clashes with this   frequency you're bound to see some form of flicker  when you're using any form of lighting the best   practice is to stick to your region that being  said the moment you move away from electricity   things change for me to shoot 60 frames per second  in south africa as a benefit over shooting in 50   frames because i'm getting an extra 10 frames per  second which means i can make my video 10 slower   without seeing any lag but again i'm not simply  going to choose a frame rate because it gives me   more slow motion let me clearly say this more slow  motion doesn't mean more cinematic you have to be   intentional which leads me to my next question  will you slow it down to me the only approach to   shooting slow motion is to ask yourself will  you absolutely slow it down in the edit not   slowing down a shot taken in a higher frame rate  immediately takes away from the cinematic quality   there's a misconception that shooting everything  in a high frame rate is safer because then you can   choose which shots you want to slow down right  wrong there's a massive difference between a   shot taken at 25 frames per second and one at 100  frames per second not slow down when you compare   the two you can clearly see the difference with  25 frames per second looking more natural and 100   frames looking choppy and digital the only time  this is acceptable is if you want to do speed   ramping but yeah the majority of the shots are  still being slowed down another mistake is not   conforming or interpreting your footage in post  if there's one thing i want you to learn today   this is it you have to set the frame rate of your  clip to match the frame rate of your timeline here   in south africa by default i edit only on a 25  frames per second timeline so when i import the   clip shot at a different frame rate it's crucial  to interpret or conform it because if you don't   you'll get a horrible lag when you export take a  look at this drone shot at 30 frames per second   export it at 25 without conforming it to my  timeline it will look laggy but the conformed   one although slower will be smooth and that's why  it's crucial to make your decision when you shoot   once conformed to your timeline the clip will  automatically be slowed down and stretch in length   on your timeline it doesn't matter what frame rate  you shoot at you have to conform the frame rate   to the one in your timeline for cinematic video  there's only two frame rates you should use for   your timeline either 24 or 25 frames per second  which depends on your region if you're living in   the power region there's absolutely no reason why  you should shoot on 24 frames per second because   it's in no way more cinematic than 25 these frame  rates are known as the natural frame rates or   normal speed which leads me to my next question  are you shooting sound or dialogue in this case   only shoot 24 or 25p because like i mentioned if  you don't conform your 30p footage to your 25p   timeline it will be choppy and slowing it down  will ruin the speed of talking causing syncing   problems with the audio natural frame rates also  work best with real-time audio and sound effects   this is one of the best ways to pull your viewer  into a more immersive experience where slow motion   can cause a disconnect and require special sound  design to create the same effect question number   four how fast is the movement who or what am i  shooting this is by far the most important part   of the video because this is how you decide  on which frame rate you're going to choose   based on a shot here i use a few guidelines let's  start with 24 25 frames per second we've already   established that this is the best frame rate for  shots that require audio but it's also the best   way to portray the real speed of your subject and  gives the viewer an accurate feeling of things as   they are making you feel more present in that  moment a good example of this is the mountain   biker coming down the hill the only way to truly  show the intensity and speed is to shoot in real   time which really makes you appreciate the skill  of the rider so ask yourself this do i want the   viewer to see things as they are i also choose 25  frames per second when i'm shooting a wider scene   where there aren't any big movements and slow  motion will make it feel too static 24 25 frames   per second is definitely the frame rate i use  the most and hollywood seems to agree if you   really concentrate on it you'll notice how little  slow motion is used in a full feature length film   but we'll get to that now the most important  factor here is your shutter speed because that   ultimately determines how the shot feels the 180  degree shutter rule states that your shutter speed   should always be doubled in that of your frame  rate if you want to maintain the natural motion   blur which your eyes are accustomed to seeing in  real life to me this motion blur is what makes   the shot feel cinematic you can break the shutter  rule if you do so with creative intent for example   to create an effect with blur or tension with  choppiness in order to shoot at a low shutter   speed but still keep your f-stop low for depth  of field you need to use a neutral density filter   an nd is like putting on sunglasses for your lens  and brings down the exposure that comes with the   low shutter speed i use a variable nd since  it allows me to adjust the exposure quickly   on the folder so it's easy to get the right  exposure once your shutter speed is dialed in   according to your frame rate it's crucial to  invest in a high quality nd filter as some   cheaper alternatives will degrade your footage  and cause all kinds of color casts and artifacts   i recently got the nissy true color vnd and i have  to say it's by far the best filter i've used with   no colour casting or cross polarization putting on  an nd filter shouldn't change your image because   it can create a lot more work in post production  and sometimes simply ruin your colours the first   example was shot at 25 frames per second at  50 shutter speed notice the natural blur that   comes with the body movement when you go over 50  the movements look choppy and unnatural when you   put the two next to each other you can clearly  see the winner that kept you the shutter rule   25 frames per second at 50 shutter speed breaking  the shutter rule can also make certain objects   look unrealistic like moving water or a dress  blowing in high winds even in slow motion moving   on to slow motion higher frame rates can easily  come across as more cinematic because it just   looks so damn cool problem here is when you  overuse it when your entire video is in slow   motion it can quickly become stale and lose the  overall cinematic feeling you get with some shots   i've learned that slow motion has way more power  when you are intentional about the shot so this   means that you have to use it at the right time  when you save your slow motion shot for a special   moment it has way more impact because you create  contrast as you transition from natural speed   clearly seen in this example all the shots are  in 25 frames per second and then i suddenly cut   to a slow-mo shot and immediately it has a more  powerful effect in my film about the sea turtles   i have the sequence where talita is getting ready  for a dive and the moment she jumps into the water   i switch over to 50 frames per second because  she's entering an underwater world this   is exactly what slow motion does it takes you  into another world an almost surreal experience   showing things in a surreal way since most people  only have access to 60 and 120 frames per second   i'm only going to focus on them as i rarely shoot  anything over this frame rate let's start with 60.   i use 60p wherever i want to portray an important  moment or where i'm only cutting to music like   when i'm shooting fashion or faster moving  objects this is the frame rate i use the most   when shooting slow motion because it's not too  slow and not too fast for a lot of human movements   50 or 60p can immediately make certain movements  feel more cinematic like a head turning or hair   flipping the moment you go up to 120 frames  per second it has to be motivated i use this   for movements that feel too fast in real time  here i'm referring to elements like water smoke   snow sand lighting a fire or any kind of  movement that forces my frame too quickly   that means i'm more inclined to shoot a close-up  at 120 or 60 because at normal speed it will pass   my frame too quickly unless i'm going for a very  fast based edit which leads me to my next question   what is the base of your film last but not least  the pace of your film should also determine the   frame rate you choose if you want an all slow-mo  video you better have a script or the right music   to complement if you're going for fast cuts having  slow-mo shots are sometimes too slow to show an   entire movement and that can be super frustrating  to watch and even more frustrating to edit so   what frame rate should you shoot in all of them  personally i still use 25 frames per second for   about 80 to 90 of my projects with the occasional  slow mode to create a moment but sticking to the   shutter rule is crucial here so i highly recommend  you invest in an nd filter if you like this video   please be so kind to leave a like and if you  have any questions drop it in the comments below   and i'll do my best to answer thanks so much  for watching and i'll see you on the next one

Channel: Jacques Crafford

Views: 286,820

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Id: k9KPy3LrhVQ

Length: 9min 51sec (591 seconds)

Published: Thu Jan 20 2022