TIPS on how to draw human figure and other things foreshortened

hey so mister Chuo I'm going to give you guys some tips on how to draw things in perspective and what it means when something is for short so I guess it goes back to the first principle of perspectives I share with you guys is that the first rule of respect perspective linear perspective is that everything appears larger when they are closer to us and smaller the further away from us they are all right so as result of that things appear to get smaller until the point they actually add a dash it gets so small better vanishes and at that point that point is actually called the vanishing point advantages from our view right so things appear to get so small until it can't see it anymore now let's use the plane as an example so always get Tina's planes as an example it's like we have three planes of space alright so you have a plane and almost all my linear perspective tutorials you notice that I make reference to this so there we have a plane right we have two parallel sides these sides are parallel to each other and these two are parallel to each other right now this plane is not being is not seeing it's not being seen in perspective okay now when you see something in perspective it means we see it from an angle that causes the the part or the ones that are closer to us to be larger than the part that is further away so say for example we're looking at it from this respective now this is going to look like this so it's almost we're imagining that this is spinning like that okay so now the part of it that's closer to us is larger than the one that's further away and also these lines that are parallel now appear to be converging because things that are far away from us and our things go for you know more and more further and further away from us we're gonna get smaller so the point where they vanished okay at some point they will this is said to be seen in perspective so we're seeing this plane in perspective and as a result of that it is also being seen in a foreshortened view and that's what foreshortening really is it means seeing something in perspective so it appears shorter so in other words if I were to keep rotating this like so see what happens is it's getting shorter see and that's the effect of foreshortening so for example if we had a say we had a cylinder like this right and we want to rotate it around this axis eventually it's going to start appearing like this until we spin it again until it actually appears like this see that and that's what would keep happening and if we keep we should spin this again we keep spinning it it's eventually going to appear like this so we're looking at it straight on see we can't even see the sides anymore okay so at this point this is extreme foreshortening okay so the more the more we see something in perspective the more foreshortened it becomes now okay everything just going back to the first principle where things that are close to us appears larger than things that are further away from us anything that we look at can be seen in perspective okay and before we start looking at other examples let's examine the basic form so this is one of the basic forms of cylinder right let's take a look at them of course the block so we have the block this block is not being seen in perspective why because all the planes the lines of the planes are still parallel these two lines of parallel these two lines are parallel right if we see this block in perspective that means it's going to appear to taper off in some direction say so for example now it seems as if it's getting smaller and things appear to be getting smaller that means it's being seen in perspective and it's also being foreshortened because if we saw that this sideways it would look like this would see the entire length it's like if this were a word new see if we were saying as a perspective it look like that it looks actually shorter see so it seems it appears foreshortened and that's what foreshortening is foreshortening is pretty much drawing something as if you're seeing it in perspective okay that's like you're seeing it head-on or you're singing from an angle where one part if it appears larger than the other and as I said everything can be seen in perspective but we're just using the basic forms for now to get an idea of what this is all about now even a circle so let's look at a circle the circle can be seen in perspective as well and when a circle is foreshortened it becomes an ellipse my lips is just another word for pretty much like an oval shape okay but this is the interesting thing about a circle when it's in perspective which I think a lot of people sometimes they'll get now a circle can be enclosed within a square see because the diameter you have the center here the diameter is equal at any from any problems it goes through the center of the circle it is the diameter and the length is fixed okay so if that means a circle can fit within the square okay now when you draw a circle in perspective say for example we're joined this square in perspective now the square will appear like this okay so one end appears closer than the other now this is an interesting thing about drawing circles in perspective or a foreshortened circle is that when we make the cross see when you once you make the cross of a square these two lines these two diagonals will always cross at the Sun of the square even when it's drawn in perspective so if you want to find the center of this line of center of the square you make the X and here is the center see so basically this is also showing you that the law of perspective that things that are closer to us appear larger so even though we know both halves of this square are equal when the square seen in perspective the half that so closer to us will appear larger than the half that's further away from us likewise with a circle so since we can draw the circle in square when a circle is in scene in perspective it will also appear in a way that the half closer to us will appear larger than the half that's further away from us see so that's how a circle will appear in perspective now everything can be seen in perspective okay especially if it's something that's really large or something that um that we're seeing really closely or at an extreme angle okay so for example if you're drawing someone a person you can draw a person in perspective so for example if this guy draw like a guy giving a kick or something right since this is a guy's foot I'm going to draw that that's the ninja because he has is a ninja shoes you now an interesting thing about perspective that we have to paint pay attention to is that when things are seen in perspective the things that are closer to us just like in the tutorial showing you bottom you know when a way of creating the illusion of space is to use overlap see so in other words things that are close to us will overlap the things that are further away from us so in the same way when you draw something in perspective let's say we're going to draw some blocks live in perspective and I'm using this these two lines converging to a vanishing point as a guide okay so if I'm going to draw this see these lines are converging towards the vanishing point alright and if I have a say for example a circle back here it's the same thing see they're all converging to that vanishing point but they're all a part of a form and here I have a cylinder and here I have another block like that see if you're drawing someone or something this could be it's the same principle so things that are in front always overlap things that are further away from us and even when you're drawing things in perspective or that are appears foreshortened alike this is I could even make this more extreme see by making the the angles reach the vanishing point a lot quicker so that's how you draw things to be an extreme perspective or extreme foreshortening so remember foreshortening pretty much means doing something as if it appears in perspective so that it appears shorter than it actually is so I'm going to draw this these same forms but in sharper perspective see that so the thing is how is this useful well this is very useful for when especially you're like you're drawing the body in perspective so for example if you're drawing someone close to you like you know like a superhero somebody giving a punch it's a this could have easily been you know a fist see somebody's throwing a punch we have knuckles all right see so this could easily be a fist and this could be you know different forms of the body now the important thing about this is that this is where it's really good to be familiar or draw from observation because a lot of times what you'll find is the way the body is developed or the way the forms the structure of the anatomy of the body is some muscles overlap others and some overlap on the inside so for example this the top of this one may overlap this one see but this may overlap this one see I'm saying and this one this may overlap this and this may overlap this see so it's good is good to when you're for shortening a form this could easily be in a person throwing a punch it's going to be aware of that of how the forms overlap so that means you'd have to study this form say for example you're drawing like the arm right you have to know that the deltoid goes over the bicep and the triceps goes over like that and then this goes over like that and then the elbow comes out like that so you're saying so you're drawing this in perspective you have to make sure that you are consistent with how you have the forms overlap otherwise it may not be as realistic as you may want it to be all right now another thing that's also really useful for you to know is that when you join things in perspective or drawing things foreshortened it's useful to also use this principle that is rated here so in other words when you want to know the hat say say you have a rectangle like this right and I want to find the half I just make it X and were the lines were these two triangles like that's the center or the half point of this rectangle let's say you're drawing the thigh in perspective right I guess that's true like put this up yes he's drawing the thigh in perspective and you're using a little cylinder right this could be like a superhero or whatever you're just exaggerating so it's like you're you're looking down right so let's say the leg ends there okay now this is where the foot is and this is where the fire is now the thing is this this principle is useful because it helps you determine where the half point is so say for example generally the knees may be the half point between the the top of the thigh and the foot okay so if you want it to be realistic you have to make sure that the knees are further down you can't put it halfway you said I'm saying so using this principle you could easily just imagine this as a rectangle make the diagonals and then okay you know that they cross right here so that's where you'd put the knee so for example in drawing this I could do it like this see what I'm saying and then the foot is out there see so that gives you see now it looks realistic instead of you know guessing where the knee could be you could easily just have an idea so it's good to have in other words be familiar with the proportions of the form you're foreshortening before you foreshorten it and that will help you to make it a little bit more realistic all right um say you're drawing the head and this applies to the head as well if you're drawing the head in perspective right so let's say you're drawing the head from the top the top you looking down right this could be like a superhero flying off or some crap like that so you have to make sure that okay let's look at it level first first of all so in a level feel we know that the head the hot the eyes or halfway in the head all right these are the normal proportions the eyes are halfway in the head we know that this is this is the the beginning of the forehead we know that this line from there to the eyebrow and then from the eyebrow to the nose and then from the nose to the mouth on the chin it's pretty much the same distance so this and this this actually thirds and then the Hat the eyes are halfway in the head right now if you're drawing this head in perspective you have to remember whatever is closer to us will appear larger than things that are further away so that means this is one third second third and the third third of the face right but the third for the forehead the third for the eyebrows of the base of the nose and the forehead to the the chin okay now if I'm looking from up here down this third has to be bigger see and if you're looking up this third has to be bigger you have to make sure you have to be aware of that so for example this draw someone looking down like that actually I'm going to use the a block like form so it's it's clearer for you so see I'm making sure that it appears to be tapering down to some kind of a vanishing point see Shen ends there so if you're drawing the face looking downwards and say freeze yep I'm gonna find a half-point you see that see how far the I thought the half point is that means the eye is actually all the way down here see that so that means all of this is upper half of the head so that means the eyebrows maybe here let's say we put the center line so if we're going to start sketching this in you know it's going to start appearing more like the nose is going to be like down here and the lips are the line between the lips just like that and the chin is down here see that the eyebrows are here and the eye is actually down here and all of this is the forehead and here that the ears will be up you know like that and all of this is the top of that see so if you're if you're drawing a head in perspective you have to be aware of that that the divisions are going to change those roles that we apply here don't apply when the head is being seen as perspective and and vice versa if you're drawing the head as if it's looking up see the head is just like the principle perspective things that are closer to us appears larger when it's further away so that means you have to draw the head as if it's tapering up see like that and the division this third is now going to be larger so now finding the half point of the head you know the eyes are going to be all the way up there now see and then if the eyes are up there you know that nose are going to be also closer see seeing you can see under using the the nostrils now the the lips see now you're seeing the underplaying of upper lip see and you're seeing the you're seeing under the chin and you're also seeing under the eyebrows so you see you're saying you this this see how small the forehead is now see that and that in the ears of course are going to be lower like that so now the head actually the top of the head appears a lot smaller than it actually is because you're seeing now you're seeing the under plane of the chin see that um in terms of the entire body you actually have to say for example you're drawing someone from the head up right what I would do is I know that the half point of the body appears is right of right below the UM the groin area right so if I'm drawing so many perspective I'll just use this okay say that shows me that this would be the half point of the body right I can even further divide this and I can find another half point further you know but I know that the half won't will be down here and that gives me a good idea on how to sketch everything and then I can start you know sketching things out like this so the person is like you know looking up or something but this could be a superhero or you know whatever it is I know that the person's feet would stop down here you see they're saying so this gives you some idea on how to deal with the proportions as a person's body is shrinking as it goes away from you and you know vice versa it's the same thing if you were the other way around then you would also do the same thing from the feet up all right is that sometimes the forms will be so distorted that you can't even really see what's going on you can only use overlap and that's where it's good to make sure the forms are open so say for example I have going to show you what I'm doing here and now I know this let's say for example we have we're looking at its sideways so we have some forms like this this for examples sake we have forms like this it's making up something see that if you're seeing this in perspective now it's going to well or okay it's getting larger and it's getting smaller from large to small right if we're seeing it in perspective like this well the form and it ends like like this at the front okay so the form at the front is going to be rounded but you should not close it see don't close it because by closing it just my point by closing it you're isolating the form you don't want to do that because they all look like they're glued together when you leave your form open it makes it appear more natural because all forms of the body are no new form of the body's actually closed off right so then the other file that you're drawer would actually Adam you know going towards this vanishing point the other form would look like um say something like this see it's not closed either see well notice what I'm doing is I'm overlapping under C and then this one would go like that over C and this one goes over like that over C see what I mean big difference right and so this actually looks like it's one form and not separated like this is this looks like it's a series of beach balls you know but this seems like it's one form just you know and I'm revealing the structure how each part connects to the other and it's the same thing if you're drawing like the arm in perspective you make sure that you draw the forms and don't close them off and it's the same thing with with the thigh just like I showed you here see you should have somewhere where the five flows in and this goes for anything that you're drawing in perspective okay if it's the foot if it's the even when you're drawing um say you're drawing a figure that's actually like you know like superheroes where the the legs are like um the leg is bent and you're seeing the knee so the knee may be something like this you know and that's the the calf see something like that it's the knee all right and the figure is is bent the knee the thigh is bent right so you're looking head-on basically so this form would not be closed there so this would deliberately be left open sea open open see what I'm doing so that's that's how you have to end this could be another and this flows into this form see what I'm saying so you have to make sure that the forms are never closed off they join okay and that's that's just you know the basic idea so you know understand that when things are foreshortened it just means you're seeing it from a certain angle where it appears shorter it's almost as if it's shrinking you're seeing it in perspective

Channel: Alphonso Dunn

Views: 151,835

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Keywords: Perspective (Artistic Technique), 3D Modeling (Profession), Drawing, vanishing point, one point perspective, one-point perspective, two-point perspective, three-point perspective, linear perspective, picture plane, horizon, eye-level, how to draw, 3d space, house, bulidings, architecture, 1 point perspective, 2 point perspective, 3 point perspective, alphonso dunn

Id: 6Q-b3qc0SXw

Length: 23min 15sec (1395 seconds)

Published: Mon Dec 16 2013