This Is How Underwater Structures Are Built

hi everyone the population of the earth is growing and there is less and less free space for housing it is quite possible that floating cities and underwater mega cities may become quite real in the future but how will you be able to solve the problem of building on water after all it is much more difficult than building something on land believe us even now mankind can build facilities of incredible scale in rivers seas and oceans if you have any doubts about that our video for today will definitely clear them let's get it on cofferdam do you remember your last visit to the dentist your doctor probably used a very strange tool the aching tooth remains outside and the rest of the oral cavity is covered with a latex sheet what does underwater construction have to do with that you may ask it's simple this thing is called a dam and engineers have figured out how to use it to build the most complex structures imagine you need to build a bridge across the sea straight how do you lay the foundation if there's only water around put on diving suits and do all the work in them not the brightest idea this is where the dentist tools come in of course the scale of the cofferdam is different first piles are driven into the bottom of the reservoir and then they're covered with a waterproof frame it's usually made of steel and concrete but the modern designs are inflatable after the desired area is isolated water is pumped out of it using powerful pumps and here you go now you have a completely dry and safe box where you can work just as well as on land the only downside of cofferdams is that they are very expensive and you can't use them multiple times after the construction is completed they are flooded bridge in the usa while we're talking about the cost of building a bridge let's look at this process in all of its details well the bridge you're about to see is not quite ordinary at the beginning of the 21st century the us authorities faced a problem the old stillwater bridge which connected the states of minnesota and wisconsin was in a very bad state however in order to start building a new bridge across the saint croix river builders had to consider many historical cultural and environmental peculiarities of the region the reservoir is under state protection the coastal area is inhabited by endangered species and activists control every step what could you do the project changed several times over roughly 20 years but by 2014 the minnesota department of transportation had found the perfect solution a special innovative design was chosen to minimize the impact on the environment it reduced the number of supports you can see the result the same kroy crossing bridge is one and a half kilometers long and more than 45 meters tall though it only has five supports in the water does this affect its strength not at all the four-lane bridge easily withstands both ice and summer heat but the innovative technology was pricey the saint croix crossing cost 700 million dollars to build wind farm at sea did you find the previous project not challenging enough well let's see how a truly magnificent structure was built near the borkham island in 2016 germany decided to use one of the greenest energy sources to its advantage they went and set up a massive wind farm right in the turbulent waters of the north sea why not the conditions for the power plant were perfect there was regular strong wind all the time so the only thing left to do was to manufacture transport and install parts of colossal dimensions just so you understand the farm consists of 67 turbines with a 154 meter rotor which produces a total power of 402 megawatts how much is that there are a million watts in one megawatt and the light bulbs in your house consume about a hundred watts let's put it simply this is enough to provide four hundred thousand homes with electricity the hardest part was creating the foundation for the mills to protect it from the destructive power of the sea special piles were designed these are the giant pipes that you now see on the screen each pipe is 85 meters long about 8 meters in diameter and weighs more than 1300 tons even more surprising is that the construction of the evangel mates took only 23 months seems like mankind can truly do anything pia restoration what is more difficult to build a huge object in the water from scratch or to renovate an existing one don't rush to give an answer until you look at the refurbishment of a 580 meter pier in melbourne princess pierre has an immense cultural significance in australia it served as a departure point for australian troops during the first and the second world wars and was the landing site for thousands of post-war migrants however this historical structure gradually deteriorated the piles rotted and the deck collapsed in many places this only makes things harder for the development victoria company the pier simply couldn't withstand the heavy equipment required to carry out the work but modern problems require modern solutions so two 300-ton jack-up barges 120-ton crawler cranes and professional divers were involved in the reconstruction of the facility the latter had to disassemble the wooden elements piece by piece while the machines dealt with the concrete base the famous gate house was also restored even without dismantling it the hydraulic unit lifted it entirely four years and 34 million dollars later the project was completed and the pier reopened to the public be sure to check it out if you visit australia one day construction of a breakwater everything is clear with bridges piers and power plants but what is this weird structure it looks like a giant snake tail assembled from lego pieces but it's not built just for fun right to find out its purpose we'll travel to haifa the largest of the three international ports in israel it's also known as one of the largest ports in the eastern mediterranean in terms of freight traffic it handles over 29 million tons of cargo annually naturally such an important object requires serious protection primarily from the unpredictable forces of nature the snake tail we saw is actually a huge pier stretching several kilometers into the sea and protecting heifer from the waves it was built in several stages first layer by layer an earth mound was created can you imagine the amount of earth that took then the embankment was strengthened with a reinforced concrete foundation and only then these funny-looking concrete blocks are put in place they are designed to break the waves by the way how do they dismantle the crane after the project is completed we hope that they thought this through flood protection every one of us built sand and pebbled dams on the beach these guys are doing the same thing but on a slightly larger scale you are now observing the construction of a flood protection system on hailing island in the uk the coastline began to collapse and 1800 houses could have been flooded the eastern solent coastal partnership has partnered with the environment agency and raymond brown construction to save the local property the first stage of construction was the most difficult it's clear that the constant tides constantly interfered with the construction works though putting the stones in place and flattening the sand might seem relatively easy the heavy equipment worked on the beach for six months over this time about 70 000 tons of rock imported from norway turned into a protective wall 650 meters long in addition 25 000 tons of pebbles were scattered to hold rising sea levels and improve the beach area the project costs about six and a half million dollars and it will protect the inhabitants of the island for at least a hundred years sounds like quite a complicated endeavor right offshore oil platform finally we will find out the answer to the question that has long bothered us how do these huge oil rigs appear in the seas well let's travel to the gulf of mexico to see how shell's largest floating oil platform was built hundreds of engineers worked on the design of a gigantic platform called the apomotox over four years it's not just the size though it is impressive the platform is 29 stories high two football fields wide and weighs more than an aircraft carrier the structure also had to be extremely durable the creators wanted it to last at least 40 years twice as long as any other platform the task is extremely challenging considering that the apomotox is located in an area with really bad weather conditions and some of its parts will be submerged to a depth from almost two and a half kilometers the team had to really give the project a lot of thought what kind of pipe insulation could withstand 40 years of exposure to salt water and temperature extremes the builders had to ask chemists for help and then the construction began it took two years to build four gigantic modules that form the top of the platform each module weighs more than 10 000 tons and it was necessary not only to raise them to a height of 18 meters but also to set them with a precision of up to one centimeter as you may have guessed the builders were up to the challenge but you must admit it's still quite hard to believe hey buddy are you tired of watching videos about cute animals and heartwarming stories you need something more serious in your life tough cars cool robots and the most unusual gadgets in the world get the high-tech adrenaline rush you need on techsound subscribe now we are waiting for you

Channel: #Mind Warehouse

Views: 2,370,916

Rating: 4.8001738 out of 5

Keywords: Top 10, 10 Most, #Mind Warehouse, mind warehouse, mindwarehouse, your mind is my wearhouse, your mind is my warehouse, blow your mind, top 5, mind blowing, mind tricks, facts, top 10, people, brain, the world, This Is How, Underwater Structures, Structures Are Built, building on water, Cofferdam, Bridge in the USA, Wind farm at sea, Pier restoration, Construction of a breakwater, Flood protection, Offshore oil platform

Id: DpwUud0RaVQ

Length: 9min 47sec (587 seconds)

Published: Mon Sep 28 2020

Reddit Comments

[u/MeanEYE]

This new trend of videos catering to YT algorithm is getting really annoying. What you are trying to see is buried somewhere in 10ish minutes of random crap vaguely related to subject at hand.