The ONLY Video You Need To Watch On APERTURE !!!

there's so many videos about aperture in youtube if you have to watch one video and learn all about aperture this has to be the video what f number to use great first question you have three things to shoot in photography despite all the genre and all the subjects that you can shoot you can shoot humans you can shoot sceneries or you can shoot things that are not alive so let's go through the first one what f number to use when you're shooting human that's portrait simple you want your subject to look sharp and the background not too sharp if that happens you have no separation so the best numbers to use would be f2 or f4 at this point i know what some of you are thinking hey i have a lens which is f 1.4 why can't i use f 1.4 and blur it really really nice yes you can do it but not all the time it's not the right way to shoot a portrait and then we have shooting sceneries well you can shoot sceneries in two different times you shoot sceneries because the background is nice during day time if it is daytime you have enough of light if you have enough light you should be shooting at f11 or 16. the reason you do this because you want the front most layer that's nearest to the camera on the scenery and the furthest most to be all equally sharp after all the location is nice but then again you're shooting sceneries at night when you don't have enough of light if you don't have enough light you're shooting at night that's the f value you should be using at 5.6 or f 8. so this is how it looks like for landscape and finally what happens if you are shooting not scenery not humans but none moving non-life subjects still life or macro and if you're shooting so near to the subject with the lens so close to the subject you want to have a deeper depth of field and for that reason i would strongly encourage you to shoot anything that is above f 8 and right up to f 22 so you can use 8 11 16 or 22 so these are the numbers that you should be using when do i change f number this is a two answer question the first answer is that when in which sequence when you're setting up your camera for shoot should aperture be set up or change and the second one would be like in which scenario should i be changing my f value i've been using f2 the whole time when should i change to f4 let's answer the first one in which order should aperture come in when you're setting up your camera for that very click well simple change your eyes so first this is what i always do when i walk into a new location i look at brightness of that location is it bright is it dark that place that i'm looking if it is bright i'll just reduce my iso if it's a dark location i just increase my iso that's the first thing and then aperture the f value is the next value that i'll be setting up i'll see if this is a portrait i'll be using f204 if it is a landscape i'd be using 11 or 16. and then i balance all my exposure by setting up my shutter speed but if i'm shooting sports the order is different i will set up iso and then shutter speed because i need to know that how much of shutter speed i need to freeze the motion of the subject and then finally i balance my exposure with the aperture so that's the workflow action or not action i call them aesthetic or sport oriented and then the second one when do i need to change my air value simple when your background changes take a look at this shot you notice that it's the ocean at the back and take a look at this shot you notice it's the sour party hey did you watch this episode if you haven't you should watch this episode it's one of the most popular episodes we have made where we pit two photographers together to find out the different styles so if you look at this one this is shot in a sour party the rice field again that's blue sky and just green fields at the back there's nothing much to really show so i thought that shooting low f number would complement the shot because i want the color at the background not the details but then take a look at this shot behind jessica now you notice that the background needs to show you that it's a fishing village and that's how fishing boats look like in sekinchan if you're not from sikkim chan you're not born in malaysia you wouldn't know those are fishing boats if i blow them too much they would this would just look like blobby blurry color stuff you won't even know what it is so what i did i increased the air value so the short answer would be like if your background has something prominent that you want to show and it's important change your air value otherwise blur them and if you're shooting landscape you don't exactly need to change them it's always f11 or f16 no one's gonna care unless you're shooting at 9pm and you cannot shoot at f-16 anymore that's when you need to drop your f-value guys when are you gonna ask what is f number okay to answer this question we need to refer to this formula here doing this to you but it's a very simple formula you have the diameter of the lens and then you have the focal length of the lens what is the focal length of the lens you take a lens and where all the rays end up meeting in one point that's the focal point and this distance here is the focal length in millimeter and then you have the diameter of the lens when i say diameter of the lens i don't mean the outer diameter but i mean the diameter of this opening this opening here is the aperture that's how long you know what this is a caliper this is my favorite will cost 50 millimeter f 1.8 so i've got this at f 1.8 now we're going to measure the hole and for those of you who's going to go down there and say oh that's not a scientific way to measure the size of it this is just quick and dirty this is so funny i have to close one eye to do this all right 27.5 millimeter that's the closest i can get so if you put this into the formula because this is a 50 millimeter lens and we get 27.5 this is not too bad this is the f value so i was at f 1.8 and that's how you get f number so when the diameter of this aperture changes let's change this to f 5.6 okay so that shows you how you get your f value on your lens and most of the time they appear as markings and reading on your lens like so so all lenses would have the minimal f value and the maximum f value that shows how big that aperture hole is and how small that aperture hole can get and these numbers the wider the numbers that you get from the minimum to the maximum will determine how much money you're going to be spending on the lens expensive lens would have a wider maximum ad value and minimum ad value and at the same time allow you to go really low on f value so if you look at one of my favorite lens the 85 millimeter it can go as low as f 1.4 in fact that's the lowest we can go right on a nikon lens that is a 0.95 lens and what's the price what did i tell you so to summarize this the f value is an indicated scale of this hole here because you're not going to be referring it you're not going to be using a caliper every time you are shooting fashion effects of f numbers well simple f numbers allow you to make your background blurry and the foreground too and the foreground too so with the white f number you can blur the background you can blur the foreground you know what we should be learning depth of field here take a lens point it to your subject and if you focus on your subject's nose with the low f number as low as f 1.4 this is how deep this section here will be in focus anything that's past this point will appear blurry at the foreground and at the background you'll be blurrier at the foreground because it's nearer to the lens in fact if you put your finger here you may not be able to see your finger and that is why photographers can actually aim a camera on a fence in front of them and still get a shot that's why you can shoot in the zoo and still don't see the fans so the first effect of the f number would be to show distance the further it is the blurry it is this is what happens when you use wrong f number which is too high it's gonna make your subject look like a 12 foot giant equally as sharp as the building at the back so that's why you need to have separation that's the second effect and that is why when you have no separation shots taken with very high f number the background and the subject seems to be stuck together and it's really not a static it looks annoying it looks like a smartphone photo but the moment you use a lower ab value you're gonna get creamy blurry background that shows that the background is far away it doesn't matter it's just a nice place please look at my subject and that's how you get shots like this and then the next effect of aperture it makes your photo brighter so if you don't have enough of light if you're lazy to go into iso and that's the crazy thing about modern cameras these days not many modern cameras have a dedicated dial for iso so it makes you kind of lazy to change iso to get more light so what most photographers do they just dial down on the f number with the lower f number your photo would be brighter in fact for film photographers and if you are still shooting film one of the best way to really get more light coming to your camera instead of lowering your shutter speed which is going to give you shaky shot is to lower your f value instead of shooting at f4 try f2 because f4 f2 2.8 the difference in depth of field is not much and since we're talking about more light coming into your camera this is exclusively a special tool that flash photographer can do if you're firing a flash changing the air value up or down would make only your subject brighter so take a look at this first shot it's underexposed one of the fastest way to add more light to your subject and make your subject look brighter is not to run to your flesh and add more power but to quickly lower the f value when you do so the subject becomes brighter with unperceivable brightness difference to the background so these are the effect of f numbers what is my f machine of course i mean look at the formula if your diameter of your lens doesn't change and you're zooming in and out let's say you're doing 24 this would be your f number but then certainly you are zooming so much to 105 millimeter of course it has to change because the diameter doesn't change that's why it helps that we need to know a little bit of formula sometimes but then there are lenses that really keep the f number constant despite the fact that you zoom in and out these are called constant aperture lenses that's why they are more expensive the two ways that they work around this the first way is that the length of the lens doesn't change so if you look at cheaper lens they'll go in and out protruding when you change the zoom but you notice that the zooming mechanism is inside the lens when you zoom in and out it doesn't extend that's because of magnification that's going on in that lens that's why it's expensive and so the other way is that these lenses are always quietly secretly changing the aperture so that you always get your desired f4 so what are the f numbers huh i thought you never asked now it gets interesting you have the first series of numbers the f four two two point eight four five point six eight eleven sixteen twenty two and then you have this series of numbers i i don't even remember this series well simple because these series are called the true stops and this one none true stops this is like two o'clock three o'clock four o'clock five o'clock this series here is like 2 17 p.m 6 13 p.m strange numbers that happens because of this formula again that you want to keep it divisible by two and for that reason if you look at classical historically all the film cameras the lenses would have only two stock because their non-true stop is never accurate anyway so and it is mechanical so if you look at classical lenses which are meant for film they have hard clicks like this so that's one of the reasons why photographers call them f-stop because it stops and clicks one of the reasons so that's it i strongly encourage that you should be using only these numbers i don't know about you but i work with a lot of photographers and agencies and producers when i do numbers like this 6.37.1 i get scornet because you want the numbers to have clean beautiful two-stop exif info so for your sake if you want to be a good professional photographer keep your f numbers two stops so how do i memorize i thought you never asked the f numbers simple the non-true stops you don't even need to memorize that i don't if you want to be a better youtube teacher then go right ahead because i don't use them in fact i never had a client coming up to me insisting that the shot should be done at f 6.3 but if they do pay and the money is good and they ask you to do f 7.1 you should keep quiet shut up and just shoot it at f 7.1 as paid so which means that you only need to memorize these numbers here the true stops how do you memorize all these numbers simple they're actually two series let me just quickly tear them apart and you can see that start with the lowest f number f1 times two you get f2 times 2 you have 4 and then times 2 you have 8 and 16 and so on and then you have the first series times 2 remember we divide by 2 now it's times 2. and then the second series take f one point four the lowest number times two two point eight times two five point six times two you're supposed to get eleven point two but drop the point two eleven and f twenty two put them together this is how you memorize and that's really important because photographers always ask me do i need to memorize my f number if you're a commercial photographer dealing with a lot of studio lights you need to because one of the effect of lighting when you add flash it will affect your subject's exposure and that's the fastest way to control your subject's exposure so you best memorize this so then what are f-stops well these days it simply means f-numbers but actually it was more than that because if you look at the film days the cameras lenses would have a hard click stop for every true stock so from f 5.6 to f 8 you have one stop two stop three stops so that's how they get this stop but then the other answer would be that if you look at f2 one stop darker would be f 2.8 and one more stop darker would be f4 so this is called one stop from 2 to 2.8 to f 4. so you're going to have your co-worker onset yelling to you hey one stop brighter which means that if you're shooting at f4 you're supposed to go down to f 2.8 and then you go like one more stop down which is supposed to be f2 so it goes up or down it stops but then if you're not using true stops it may mean something else again just look at this ruler if you're using zero to measure to one then it's one inch if you if your ruler is broken then you cannot start at zero and you're starting at this point well this is still one stop do you get what i mean so here's the thing when i watch a lot of youtube videos people just interchangeably use f-stops all the time but bear in mind whenever that stop what is in there it means two times and it's more related to brightness than just a simple replacement of f numbers how is f values different from t values this this is what a lot of veterans and pros like to ask to make sure that you know it's an interview question if you were to go to a new studio they're going to ask you like andrew well i would like to ask you some technical question do you know the difference between f value and t values okay all right you take your favorite canon camera you slap on your favorite prime lens and you set it to f4 and then you take this lens and you slap onto the same camera the two f4 on the same camera but different lenses will not be the same in fact it would never be the same from cameras to lenses to brands and that's how difficult it is to use f number as a measurement of how much of light that's coming into your camera and your sensor it is not even a great measurement for depth of field it is just a reference that photographers and producers use when we talk to each other so what is the ultimate reference example if i were to go up to you and say like hey i'll see you at six o'clock but it's six o'clock now and then you're going to go like no it's 5 59 on my watch and then yi chung comes around is 545. so that's how f numbers are and then no we cannot leave with no standards right and that's why you have the t value well the t value unlike the f numbers t stands for transmittance that's the actual measurement of how much of light that actually goes through in the lens that's all we need to know for now but at this point you need to remember this that t values and f value essentially are two different formulas is f number depth of field no these are f numbers this this range here where things get sharp remember that that's depth of field so when you increase the f number you get a deeper depth of field but that depends on how near your camera or how near you stand to the subject and that's why when it comes to making movies they actually pull a measuring tape so f number is not that ball field of course you can use formula to calculate it but no one actually worked this way as a photographer okay i understand what you mean this is one of the biggest burden any new photographers have how do you remember that when the hole is small the background is sharper and when the hole is bigger the background simple look at this f number it gives you blurrier background look at this number it gives you sharper background look at iq when the iq is high you get a sharper person when the iq is lower that guy is a blur so low f number blurry high f number sharp so f number can be equated easily as a way to remember as how sharp you want the background to be don't even memorize the hole the hole is irrelevant when photographers work i don't come up to my producers and say hey you know what let's make the whole this week no one works that way it's all f number this is a classic this is like what gordon ramsay would say to his student this is like the chicken is so raw across the road that's what professional and veteran photographers will say to the interns and new photographers that's when you ask this stupid question going like what time should i be there for the shoot what iso should i be using what aperture should i be using and the pro would go like f it and b day the reason they say this f8 and b there is that if you are not there in the shoot it doesn't matter if you are there it doesn't matter what f number that you use but the point is this take a look at all the f number in the most popular prime lenses that we have f8 is just somewhere in the middle if you're never sure what f number to use in the film days is f8 so in short that's the veteran your senior photographer trying to tell you don't be lazy just turn up if you're not sure about the number just set it to f8 so in other words just shoot don't worry so much about the technical data or exif info or your camera settings just f8 and be there don't be a lazy ass what what are the club okay that's one shoot wide open no not that one when photographers say shoot wide open that means that you should the lowest f number that you can get and then close it down that means close down the hole make it smaller wide open close it down and then we have close it down one stop that means if you're shooting at f4 should that 5.6 or they can say close it down two times close it down four times which means that if you are closing it down four times f4 becomes f8 hey you like what you learned today then please do three things for me subscribe share this video and the third thing head on to my e-learning website and support two of my most popular and affordable products the premium courses and they all access premium courses you get white genre photography topic with fresh new video lessons every week and all access you get premium courses and all access to all this e-learning here and check out the prize for each of them support me so that we can continue making videos like this fun and educational

Channel: Beyond Photography

Views: 113,544

Keywords: Beyond Photography, Andrew Boey, Learn photography, Best photography channel, Photography E-learning, photography tutorials, online photography lessons, Understanding photography exposure, E-Learning Courses, Online Courses, Flash Photography, Best Photography Academy, E-Learning, Elearning, Best Photography Tutorials, Basic Photography, All about aperture, Aperture priority, what is Aperture, Understanding Aperture in Photography, F numbers, what is F stop, F values, F no

Id: YB-oFTw1fpc

Length: 22min 43sec (1363 seconds)

Published: Fri Oct 22 2021