The NEW Hydrogen BREAKTHROUGH That Is Set To DISRUPT The Energy Industry!!

when you burn hydrogen you produce energy in the form of heat and the only by-product is water making it a clean source of energy however it takes energy to produce hydrogen in the first place there are many ways of producing hydrogen but still with the available methods its production is not scalable due to various reasons that we'll discuss in this video and the solution to those problems as well now let's dig into it hydrogen is the simplest element and the most abundant substance in the universe as we mentioned that combustion of hydrogen produces energy in the form of heat with water as a byproduct this means that the energy produced from hydrogen does not produce atmospheric carbon dioxide making it one of the many potential energy sources that can help reduce carbon emissions and slow global warming but producing hydrogen and converting it into a useful form requires energy and that energy is not always renewable this process is also inefficient and expensive compared to other forms of energy whether renewable or not many critics say the hydrogen industry is a way for the oil and gas giants to stop adopting clean renewable energy sources like solar and wind giving them green coverage while maintaining demand for their products despite the debate both the companies and the us government are pushing for the further development of industrial hydrogen john kerry the special presidential envoy for climate at the department of the energy's hydrogen shot summit last august says in my travels around the world i can't name a country that hasn't expressed excitement about hydrogen from saudi arabia to india to germany to japan we're setting up hydrogen partnerships around the world to advance this critical technology that every country understands has the opportunity to play a vital role in the clean energy transition according to him hydrogen could become a multi-trillion dollar global market there are different categories and ways of producing hydrogen so now let's first understand what green hydrogen blue hydrogen and so on are the production of hydrogen consumes energy because hydrogen atoms do not exist by themselves they are almost always attached to other atoms often other elements hydrogen is very rich on earth in the form of water or h2o the generation of pure hydrogen requires breaking this molecular bond in the energy industry hydrogen is denoted by a series of colors to briefly show how hydrogen is made one way to produce hydrogen is through a process called electrolysis in which electricity is passed through a substance to cause a chemical change in this case the splitting of h2o into hydrogen and oxygen green hydrogen is when the energy used to run electrolysis comes from renewable sources such as wind water or solar power blue hydrogen is hydrogen made from natural gas by steam reforming methane in which natural gas is mixed with very hot steam and a catalyst a chemical reaction occurs with the formation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide water is added to this mixture which converts the carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and more hydrogen if carbon dioxide emissions are subsequently captured and stored underground the process is considered co2 neutral and the hydrogen produced is referred to as blue hydrogen however there is some controversy about blue hydrogen because natural gas production inevitably leads to methane emissions from so-called fugitive leaks namely methane leaks from drilling extraction and transportation methane gas doesn't stay in the atmosphere as long as carbon dioxide but it is a much more potent greenhouse gas over 100 years one ton of methane can be considered the equivalent of 28 to 36 tons of carbon dioxide according to the international energy agency gray hydrogen is produced by converting natural gas to blue hydrogen but without any attempt to separate out the byproduct carbon dioxide pink hydrogen is hydrogen produced by electrolysis which is powered by nuclear energy and produces no carbon emissions nuclear energy does produce radioactive waste that must be stored safely for thousands of years yellow hydrogen is hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of electrical grids co2 emissions vary widely depending on the source supplying the network turquoise hydrogen is hydrogen obtained from the pyrolysis of methane or the separation of methane from hydrogen and fixed carbon by heat in a reactor or blast furnace turquoise hydrogen is still in its early stage of commercialization and its climatic value depends on providing clean energy for pyrolysis and physical carbon storage darrell wilson executive director of the hydrogen council coalition and industry leading organization says that the color system is a bit simpler and needs updating and being more specific hydrogen is versatile but expensive sunita satyapal who oversees hydrogen fuel cell technology for the department of energy says that the main disadvantage of hydrogen is its production expense producing hydrogen from natural gas costs about a dollar fifty per kilogram pure hydrogen costs about five dollars us per kilogram last june the department of energy launched a program called hydrogen shot that aims to bring down the price of pure hydrogen to one dollar per kilogram within a decade we still need something new and innovative to properly produce store and transport hydrogen the question is has the efficiency of these systems increased with the latest technological developments let's find out the answer in the latest research and studies hysata capillary fed electrolyzer in an open access article published in nature communications researchers from the university of wollongong in australia reported that their capillary-powered electrolytic cell had a higher water electrolysis performance than commercial electrolytic cells at cell voltages of 0.5 amp centimeters squared and 85 degrees celsius by only 1.51 volt equivalent to 98 energy efficiency with an energy consumption of 40.4 kilowatt hour kilogram hydrogen compared to 47.5 kilowatt hour kilogram in a commercial electrolytic cell hysada's electrolyzer how it works unlike traditional electrolysis cells where the electrodes are completely submerged in the electrolyte the capillary-powered hysata electrolysis cell stores the electrolyte in a lower storage tank so the anode and cathode electrodes are not in direct contact with the liquid which naturally doesn't allow bubbles the bubbles prevent the effect of hydrogen generation by water splitting hysata electrolyzer mainly uses a porous hydrophilic separator between the cathode and anode and uses capillary action to suck up the electrolyte only one side of the electrode is in contact with the electrolyte which can produce hydrogen and oxygen directly without air bubbles the hysada team claims that the efficiency of the capillary electrolyzer is up to 98 which is also confirmed by the industry in nature communications and its efficiency is also better than current commercial electrolyzers for electrolyzing water for an average hydrogen production efficiency of 83 percent this design also eliminates the need for circulating fluids gas and liquid separator tanks piping and pumps and operates with air or jet cooling further reducing capital and operating costs reducing the capital and operating costs of green hydrogen hysada chief technology officer gary swinger said hysota capillary electrolyzers are designed to simplify production are easy to expand and install and offer an overall system efficiency of 95 which equates to 41.5 kilowatt hour kilogram compared to 75 percent or less efficiency of existing electrolysis technology effectively reducing green hydrogen capital and operating costs hysata ceo paul barrett said the technology will be commercialized gradually in the future he expects to reach gw scale hydrogen production capacity by 2025 when there is potential to reach a dollar fifty per kilogram of hydrogen and now plans to build a pilot plant to produce electrolyzers new antion exchange membrane of course isata is not alone in the race to improve electrolysis an alternative electrolysis technology being studied is anion exchange membranes aems in which the separation membrane allows negatively charged oh ions to pass through they are attracted to the anode where they combine to form oxygen and water molecules while hydrogen atoms are attracted to the cathode to collect an h2 gas aem can work in alkaline conditions so it doesn't require fancy precious metals therefore the materials used are about 3000 times cheaper the relatively young aem technology has yet to find commercial success in hydrogen electrolysis because it does not work well and does not last long a team from the korea institute of science and technology kist has now tested a new membrane and electrode module that outperforms previous aems by a factor of 6 and at least 10 times performance advantages compared to current pem technology so how much can this technology actually do to reduce the cost of green hydrogen it is difficult to find a definite answer green energy prices can vary widely in different regions and there are many different pem technologies that also vary in price but the international renewable energy agency irena attempted to average things out in its green hydrogen cost reduction report from 2020 the report says at the megawatt scale for the core of the stack the catalyst coded membrane rare metals represent an important part of the cost put into context however they represent less than 10 percent of the cost of a full pem electrolysis system therefore irena does not consider the metals themselves to be very promising targets for cost reduction although the report adds that for iridium in particular they might represent a bottleneck for scaling up manufacturing of pm electrolyzers in the absence of a significant scale up of iridium supply additionally the report states that pem cells typically last about 50 000 hours or 5.7 years so while the kiss team appears to have made tremendous strides in the 100 hour lifespan of existing aem cells they have not demonstrated the same or superior durability compared to current pem cells and even if the material is capable it will take five years or less to prove it this is a difficult obstacle meanwhile however new membrane materials may also find other applications there is a growing interest in using hydrogen as a fuel for power generation it's time to harness hydrogen's potential to play a key role in tackling critical energy challenges hopefully with all the ongoing research we would soon be able to produce cost-effective green hydrogen

Channel: The Tesla Domain

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Keywords: tesla, elon musk, tesla news, cybertruck, model y, model 3, spacex, tech, EV, model s, model x, the tesla domain, top, best, new, hydrogen, hydrogen car, green hydrogen, green hydrogen production, green hydrogen car, hydrogen breakthrough, hydrogen storage breakthrough, energy storage breakthrough solid hydrogen explained, hysata electrolyser, electrolysis hydrogen production, KIST, kist, kist hydrogen, kist hydrogen peroxide

Id: KNMd0mM4fIs

Length: 11min 30sec (690 seconds)

Published: Fri Jun 17 2022