Stuart Family Tree

hello and welcome to the third episode of the royal and noble houses of Europe in the last episode we looked at the family tree of the house of Bonaparte this is your host Joshua and for today's episode we will look at the family tree of the House of Stuart let's get right into it the House of Stuart originally spelled Stuart was a Royal House of Scotland England Ireland and later Great Britain the family name comes from the office of High Steward of Scotland which had been held by the family since the 12th century the first Stuart monarch was Robert the second whose descendants became kings and queens of Scotland from 1371 and later of England and Ireland from 1603 until the death of Queen Anne in 1714 in total 9 Stuart monarchs seven kings and two queens ruled Scotland in a span of three and a half centuries longer than any other dynasty in Scottish history other branches of the House of Stuart went on to bear various noble titles of which the Dukes back Lew Grafton st. Albans Richmond Lennox Holden and barracks survives on to this day let us start from Robert the second King of Scotland from 1371 to 1390 he was the son of Walter Stuart sixth High Steward of Scotland and Margery Bruce daughter of the late King Robert the Bruce Robert first married Elizabeth Muir in 1348 who initially became his mistress and later his wife he had three sons by this marriage his subsequent marriage to Euphemia dross produced one son named Walter who became Earl of Ethel Stratton annex nurse Roberts eldest son was Robert the third King of Scotland from 1392 fourteen of six his brother Robert became Duke of Albany in 1398 until his death in 1420 he served as de facto during the reign of his nephew James the first he had one son who became Earl of Buchan and served as constable of France in the Hundred Years War Roberts youngest son Alexander was the predecessor of his nephew as of Buchan from 1382 to 1405 he held the office of justice or of scotia the highest legal office in Scotland for a long time coming back to Robert the third he produced two sons with his spouse Annabella Drummond David and James his eldest son David was heir apparent and the First's to cover oaths from 1398 until he died in captivity of his uncle Duke of Albany in 1402 Robert was succeeded by his son James who ruled Scotland from 1406 to 1437 James was raised in the English Court where he married Joan Beaufort daughter of the Earl of Somerset grandson of King Edward the third it was only in 1425 that he secured his position in Scotland against the Albany Stewart's which resulted in the execution of his cousin James himself was assassinated in 1437 in a failed coup by his uncle Walter Stewart James had seven children his eldest daughter Margaret became Dauphine of France by marrying the future king louis xi of france son of the victorious King Edward the seventh their marriage was an unhappy one and she died childless at age 20 Robert's second daughter was Isabella Duchess consort of Brittany as the wife of duke francis the first she had a sister named Mary Countess of Buchan in her own right from 1444 to 1465 she married a Dutch noble Wolford Vai Lord of via robert's fourth daughter Joan was Countess of Morton by marriage she is the ancestor of the Earl's of Morton by her husband the first earl of Morton Robert's fifth child was his only son and heir James ii he had two younger sisters Eleanor and Annabella Eleanor was Archduchess consort of Austria as the spouse of Sigismund Archduke of Austria from 1477 to 1496 she was a noted translator and a great lover of literature she died in childbirth in 1480 Annabella was named after her grandmother and a Bella Drummond she married George Gordon 2nd Earl of hunting whom she later divorced she is the ancestor of the Earl's and Mark wishes of Huntley by her son 3rd Earl if Huntley James reigned as King of Scotland from 1437 until his death in 1460 he married Mary of guilders daughter of Arnold in 1449 James was a popular monarch regularly socialising with the commoners like his predecessors his eldest son also named James name of all Stuart monarchs from 1406 to 1625 except Mary reigned as King of Scotland from 1462 1488 he had a sister named Mary who became Countess of Aran by her marriage to Thomas Boyd 1st Earl of Annan she is the ancestor of the dukes of Hamilton by her second husband James Hamilton James also had a brother named Alexander Duke of Albany from 1458 to 1485 he had a feud with his older brother and unsuccessfully tried to invade Scotland with the help of England in 1482 he died in a duel with King Louie the 12th of France James the third married Princess Margaret of Denmark daughter of King Christian the first of the calm reunion she bore him three sons only one of which survived to adulthood James the fourth was the King of Scotland from his father's death in 1488 to 1513 he is generally regarded as the most successful Stuart King he died in the Battle of Flodden part of the War of the Holy League in Italy his Queen consort was Margaret Tudor daughter of King Henry the seventh of England thus linking the royal houses of Scotland in England which laid the foundation for the union of the crowns in 1603 James also had a mistress named Isabel Stewart daughter of James Stewart 1st Earl of Buchan son of Joan Beaufort by her second marriage she produced on daughter Janet who was briefly a mistress of King Henry the second of France she gave him one son or re Duke of Anjou leme the King's favorite naturalized son James successor was his son James v who ruled from 1513 until his death in 15 42 he also died in a battle like his father leaving his newborn daughter to succeed him his first spouse was Madeline daughter of King Francis the first of France hence the sister of King Henry the second her poor health led to her death merely six months after the marriage earning her a nickname or summer Queen of Scots James second spouse was Mary of Guise daughter of Claude de Lorraine Duke of Guise Mary served as regent during the reign of young Queen solidifying the alliance with France in order to free Scotland from England's influence James had two illegitimate sons with his mistresses his eldest son James became the first Earl of Moray in 1562 he later served as regent for his half nephew James the sixth he was assassinated in 1570 by a supporter of the deposed Queen Mary he is the ancestor of the Earl's of Moray by his daughter and heiress Elizabeth he had a half-brother named Robert who became the first Earl of Orkney in 1581 he was succeeded by his son Patrick who lost the earldom for rebelling against the king Mary the first or Mary Queen of Scots a she is widely known reigned as Queen regnant of Scotland from 1542 until her forced abdication in 1567 as the only surviving legitimate child of James v Mary ascended to the throne under the Regency of her mother she spent most of her childhood in France where she married Francis becoming Queen consort of France at the age of 16 widowed a year later she returned to Scotland where she later married her half cousin Henry Stuart Lord Darnley her only child James came from this marriage Henry died by an explosion which was generally believed to have been orchestrated by James Hepburn 4th Earl of Bothwell surprisingly Mary married the Earl less than two months after her late husband's death leading to an uprising against the couple she was imprisoned in 1567 and was forced to abdicate in favour of her one-year-old son after which she sought asylum in England the protection of her first cousin once removed Queen Elizabeth seeing Mary as a potential rival however Elizabeth had her confined in various castles and never accepted Mary's request to meet her in person Mary was beheaded in 1587 found guilty of plotting to assassinate Elizabeth Mary's son James became King of Scotland in 1567 and later succeeded Elizabeth the first as King of England and Ireland in 1603 his 57 years of reign was the longest of any Scottish monarch a firm believer of the Divine Right of King he achieved little success in England in 1589 he married Princess Anne of Denmark daughter of King Frederick ii of denmark they had three children who survived infancy their eldest son was Henry Frederick Prince of Wales seen as a bright and promising heir he died at an early age leaving his younger brother Charles to ascend to the throne he had a sister named Elizabeth who married Frederick the fifth elector of the palet in it during the reign of her husband as King of Bohemia from 1619 to 1620 she was titled Queen consort of Bohemia it was through her youngest daughter Sofia that the Hanoverian monarchs were descended starting from George the first her eldest son Charles succeeded his father as King of England Scotland and Ireland in 1625 ruling the Isles until his execution in 1649 the long quarrel between Charles and the Parliament culminated in the English Civil War which resulted in his capitulation and execution for high treason the monarchy was abolished and replaced by Oliver Cromwell's Commonwealth the only Republic in English history he had five children with his wife Princess Henrietta Maria of France daughter of King Henry the fourth their eldest son charles ii restored the monarchy in 1660 although he had been made king of scotland in 1649 after which he was deposed two years later unlike his father Charles was a popular King known as the merry monarch in reference to his liveliness and Hidan he married Catherine of Braganza daughter of King John the fourth of Portugal in 1662 she is credited with introducing teat of the British Court she died childless in 1705 although Charles had many illegitimate children he was succeeded by his brother James Mary was the first Princess Royal in British history as the eldest daughter of King Charles the first she married William the second Prince of Orange with whom she had one son William he succeeded his father as Prince of Orange in 1650 and later became a joint King of England Scotland and Ireland with his wife Mary had a younger brother named Henry tiled Duke of Gloucester his early death demolished the possibility of his becoming a rightful Protestant King after his brothers deposition Charles's youngest daughter was Henriette Duchess of Orleans by marriage to Phillipe king louis xiv brother she had two daughters both of whom became queens her eldest daughter marie louise became queen consort of spain as the wife of king charles ii of spain whose death in 1700 led to the war of the Spanish Succession and ended the Habsburg monarchy in Spain her sister Anne Marie became Queen consort of Sicily and later of Sardinia as the wife of King Victor Amadeus ii it was through her descendants that the Jacobite succession would carry on after the extinction of the deposed Kings descendant James the second or the seventh as he was known in Scotland ruled as king of the Three Kingdoms from 1695 to 1688 he was the last Catholic monarch in British history as he was deposed in the Glorious Revolution in favour of his daughter Mary his deposition ended a century of political and civil strife by confirming once and for all the supremacy of Parliament over the crown his first wife was Anne Hyde daughter of a commoner who was later created Earl she bore him a children only two of whom survived to adulthood Mary and Anne the coupe's second son James became the first Duke of Cambridge he died before he could sex to the throne which passed to his sister instead Mary was a Protestant princess who married her first cousin Prince of Orange she was made there presumptive to the throne when her uncle died in 1685 James's attempts to make his Catholic son his led to his deposition by which Marian to her husband became joint monarchs of England Scotland and Ireland her death in 1694 left William as sole ruler until his own death in 1702 she was succeeded by her sister and the first monarch of Great Britain and Ireland under the acts of Union of 1707 despite seven pregnancies she died without surviving issue and was succeeded by her second cousin George elector of Hanover she married Prince George of Denmark son of King Frederick the third with whom she produced Prince William styled Duke of Gloucester he was the couple's only child to survive infancy and was viewed as a Protestant champion to cement the new line of succession following the Glorious Revolution his death in 1700 however led to a succession crisis which was later resolved by the act of settlement in 1701 James married for a second time to Princess Mary of Maud nur daughter of the Alfonso the fourth Duke of Maud nur a devotee Catholic like her husband she bore him an heir in 1688 James Francis Edward Stuart was the legitimate heir from birth styled Prince of Wales until his father's deposition six months after he was born from his father's death in 1701 until his own death in 1766 he was known as the Old Pretender claiming the English Scottish and Irish crown with the support of Jacobite followers and his cousin Louis the 15th of France he married Maria Clementina so bisca granddaughter of the Polish King John the third sobieski they had two sons the couple's eldest son was Charles Edward Stuart nicknamed the young pretender and Bonnie Prince Charlie he is best remembered for his role in the Jacobite rising of 1745 and his defeat at Culloden the following year which effectively end the Jacobite cause his escape from Scotland after the uprising led to his portrayal as a romantic figure of heroic failure he married Princess Louise of still baggage a turn in 1772 whom he separated eight years after and produced no children with he had an illegitimate daughter Charlotte by his mistress Clementina Walkinshaw she was raised up in France where she married Ferdinand Maximilian myriad terrowin Archbishop of Bordeaux she was created Duchess of Albany when she is legitimized in 1784 Charles had a brother named henry benedict stuart who succeeded to the Jacobite throne in 1788 he made no effort to seize the throne however as he was a garden all in the Catholic Church he died in 1807 leaving his second cousin twice removed King Charles Emmanuel the fourth of Sardinia to succeed to the nominal throne altogether the Stewart's played a prominent role in the British Isles from 14th to 18th century laying the foundation for the formation of the United Kingdom as it is now known their history combined with the continued Jacobite cause continues to fascinate many people to this day

Channel: Empire Productions

Views: 10,434

Keywords: iMovie, Stuart, Stewart, House of Stuart, House of Stewart, Scotland, Scottish, England, Ireland, James, Mary, Charles, James VI, James I, Charles I, Charles II, Mary Queen of Scots, James II, Robert II, Robert III, James III, James IV, James V, Jacobite, Jacobite succession, Great Britain, William and Mary, William III, Mary II, Anne, king, queen, stuart, stewart

Id: 2HJjMBZ-5uc

Length: 16min 51sec (1011 seconds)

Published: Tue Jun 30 2020