SciShow Quiz Show: The Birds and the Bees ... Literally

[Music] hello everybody and welcome to scishow quiz show where you can't buy a vowel but you can buy a towel now available at BIA I show whoo you know you say you can't buy a vowel but everything's for sale for the right price how much would you pay for an A I could be concept of the a and then I owned it and could license it and no one gets a where you say without paying me yes a lot all of the money I have all right so I'm Michael Aranda your host for this incredible scishow quiz show and we have a ladybug enthusiast hungry ladybug that's my new it's been new hobby yeah I have a new hobby every other day and submit today it's ladybugs and going up against tank we have Matthew Gaydos who runs sexplanations the financial diet and animal wonders that is correct all at the same time he also has his own YouTube channel he also has his own YouTube channel or than one I got what finger I was on anyway uh so don't get on a finger noted as a special thank you to our patrons we've selected two of you at random to win some prizes Hank will be playing for Edward Pham hey Edward Matt you will be playing for ki Lea silvus subkey Lea Stefan so our contestants what they could win today whoa we've got some great prizes for Edward and ki Lea today they'll both be taking home the signed cards from our final round with the contestants final guesses and wagers on them the winner will be receiving the I once I show COI show pin and some secrets I show swag from dftba.com and the loser of today's quiz show will be receiving the severely undervalued I lost scishow quiz show pin good luck and good night and back to you both of you start off with 1,000 scishow bucks each time you answer a question correctly you will win 200 points but if you answer incorrectly you will lose 100 that's a great point has anybody ever measured how frequently we end above a thousand because sometimes I think just shutting up and sitting here is the way to go you could try it today that doesn't sound like fun I also feel like would we'd all just stand still and waiting to see if you read hit the buzzer I guess we don't have a timer I like the idea of just standing still I think that we move too much like we displaced so much pushing us so our first round is about weird natural phenomena because who don't like a good mystery I do like that I love them so question one in a dried-out lake in Death Valley National Park sailing stones left researchers scratching their heads for decades these rocks weigh up to hundreds of kilograms and on sunny days after rainfall they be found scattered across the lake bed with long trails behind them in the sand geologists had some guesses about what was going on but they didn't have a definite answer until 2014 when researchers saw the stones move so how did they scatter is it algae growth on the wet sand creating slippery tracks so that wind can push the stones changing magnetic fields because the stones are made of a magnetic mineral thin layers of ice forming so wind can push the stones bacteria on the stones producing lots of gas which propels the stones in shallow water because they're fartin themselves forward now say it's the first one I'm afraid you're in that happens see you are correct well yeah where was it thin layer of ice forming what so the wind can push the sound oh my goodness the answer is sea ice around January 2014 researchers strapped GPS units to 15 rocks set up time-lapse cameras around the lake bed and monitored weather station data to get to the bottom of this mystery it turns out the failing stones are caused by a specific combination of things first some rain needs to fill up the lake a bit but not enough to cover the stones completely the night needs to be cold enough to create a thin layer of ice just a couple millimeters thick which starts melting and cracking the next day thanks to sunlight and some wind then the wind pushes those sheets of ice across the water including the slabs with rocks embedded in them at a couple meters per minute because ice is buoyant in water it can make the rocks float just enough to move and scrape grooves in the wet sand well I was wrong I got though I got bum information from a from a disco we channel documentary but I guess that was before this what a surprise Megalodon came back before the Megalodon came back but after they were mermaids my favorite time period so question to Lake Natron in Tanzania is full of red water and is usually over 40 degrees Celsius hot it's also the star of a wildlife photography series where creepy looking corpses of birds and bats crusted in minerals were posed on dead branches oh like they're there naturally or people put them there like taxidermists I think they were their natural okay I think I I just read the script man the dead animals look kind of like statues but even though the internet likes to make Medusa comparisons the lake isn't an instant death trap that turns life into stone sure you wouldn't want to swim in this lake but there are flamingos that live around it along with bacteria algae and even a couple of species of fish in the water so what makes these corpses look petrified the lake is full of sulfuric acid and has a very acidic pH of around 0.3 the lake is full of sodium carbonate and has a very alkaline pH of around 10.5 well this is going to be a guess the bacteria eat the decomposing flesh and deposit calcium compounds or the fish eat the decomposing flesh and poop out a sodium sludge you're going to go first thank you every share that I'm gonna go with calcium C I'm afraid that is incorrect and greener for a second a little cable malfunction I want to answer sulfuric acid I should correct the answer is that it's full of sodium carbonate with a very alkaline pH the one the other one yeah I wanted to be the calcium ones I did guessed it I want to know the mechanism now how does it work tell you right now the answer is B it's a super alkaline Lake Natron is another name for a mixture of sodium carbonate decahydrate which is a water-soluble white compound along with other minerals that create a really alkaline or basic environment swimming in Lake Natron would almost be like dunking your skin in Bleach it'd be really unpleasant and give you chemical burns the store Natrona was used in Egyptian mummification to help suck the water out of dead bodies which slows down any decomposition reaction and microbe growth so all these skeletal looking birds and bats probably died of natural causes fell into the lake then got coated in some sodium carbonate and other powdery minerals before washing up on the shoulder no replacing tissue with minerals or real petrification involved we're on to round two which is all about the birds and the bees oh that weighs about sex or is it about personal suburbs and beads ah the albatross is the bird known for good luck it's keen sense of smell and its ability to fly for ridiculous distances like thousands of kilometres at a time its nose isn't just good for sensing stinky seafood from far above the waves though some researchers think it's the key to flying so efficiently what else can it's no sense temperature air pressure humidity or oxygen content like Crotty chop it works how surprised I'm going to go with air pressure because that's super weird and would be helpful you are correct dang it the answer is B air pressure albatross is fly using a technique called dynamic soaring where they use wind velocity which includes speed and direction to adjust their flight and use minimal energy as they glide and to do this they need to know the wind velocity somehow in 2002 a biologist who studies animal flights suggested they figure this out using their noses specifically their tube shaped nostrils could act kind of like a tool on airplanes called pitot tubes which use air pressure measurements to calculate the planes speed relative to the air around it the Cepheid works because as air speeds up its pressure goes down and vice-versa so by using the pressure sensors in their nose these birds can tweak their movements to soar as efficiently as possible hey dark myself out of my hole I'm back to where I started whew I think yes I have confirmation from the pen from the panchen no no it's whoo that's what they call what they call the scorekeeper Jinpa n yeah Jen the pen okay doves may not look all that remarkable but these small green eating's are judging have a skill that not many other birds do it's a skill that might make dove some of the only birds could survive in the weightlessness of space for a while without too much special treatment what can does do resist cosmic radiation damage because of specialized proteins in their feathers is it going to say that's crap like I'm going to disturb Matt that one survive without water for months because their metabolism changes poop with force because of muscle tissue around their intestine or sucked down water and swallow it instead of relying on gravity I'm going to go with that last one sucked down water and swallow it instead of relying on llamas all over that's a green table congratulations the answer is d they drink water by sucking most words dunk their beaks in water to scoop it up then tilt their heads back to let gravity do the work for them pulling the water into their stomach but dove like to snack on dry foods and need to drink more water because of it so they've evolved a speedier chugging method they use what scientists call a double suction mechanism which involves two pockets of low air pressure that make it possible to pump water into their bodies first they use their tongue kind of like a piston so it slides back and draws water into their beak and then they create another air pocket in their throats which helps them suck water down their esophagus no gravity needed thanks I'm glad I don't have to read the card through family I'm not super good at bat wasn't poop with force but poop with force is a great name of of like a album you're like hey green the perfect strangers movie force yeah I have definitely felt a little bit a couple of times like maybe I've been so hard I cuz I'd like if you like weighed me at that moment I'd be like getting a little bit of lift why are we so if you were in the face you could just shoot off the toilet exact oh good so those are the birds others bees too now for the bees mmm see that honey bees and hornets are often at war because Hornets like to swoop into beehives and hunt for helpless babies and harness made a terrible the Asian giant Hornet is kind of terrifyingly huge and can grow over four centimetres long with a sick exo-skull it's a formidable foe for Japanese honeybees so these bees have developed a strange but super effective defense strategy what is it they form a bee ball around the Hornets that roasts it with heat whoo I like that some bees dissolve the hornet's exoskeleton with acid then it basically acid they make high-pitched buzzing noises that disorient the Hornets it's like oh man this is a good superpowers or they spit a special sticky goo on the Hornets wings so they can't fly away also very good oh you beat me I hit your hand did you okay I'm very strong very nice at one point I'm fine I'm okay ah correct yeah the answer is a they form a hot deadly ball of bees because this stingers are too small to puncture the giant Hornet exoskeletons Japanese honeybees need a different strategy they swarm an invading Hornet and start vibrating their muscles to basically create a mini oven they roast the Hornet at nearly 47 degrees Celsius for 20 minutes then stay clustered around it for a little extra cook time a particular gene and the bee brain kicks on when they form these deadly balls which researchers think is involved in heat sensing this could be part of the reason they don't vibrate enough to kill each other just their Hornet enemy oh I know bees can can adjust temperature if when it gets cold out they like buzz together to make the hive warmer yeah when which whenever I'm cold I like to stand up to people I love and go into clothes you'll get roasted like a Hornet right roasted like a Hornet another good album title oh yeah your next five album titles in a plan out today finally got to spread some songs and with that it's time for our final round our contestants can wager any number of their points on their answer to the next question Matt you have 1,300 thank you have 1200 this next question is going to be about extreme animal survival well you guys place your bets we're going to go to commercial break maybe [Laughter] welcome back probably on psycho we like to talk about all kinds of stuff animals like tardigrades and axolotls butt naked mole-rats hmm I've got some gusto as well one experiment from this year showed that they can survive for 18 minutes with no oxygen that's pretty good how long can I go find out wait until we're done how my ears before you try that sight of that are you having second so when humans mice or other mammal brains don't get enough oxygen ourselves can't make enough energy from glucose anymore and we die butt naked mole-rats gain the system with a unique adaptation it's a game game okay sorry I interrupted you how do you gain the system go ahead butt naked mole-rats game the system with a unique adaptation how do they survive they have special cells that can convert carbon dioxide into oxygen kind of like photosynthesis they start metabolizing fructose instead like a plant they have a bunch of oxygen binding protein called myoglobin like some diving mammals or they have a specialized oxygen storing organ kind of like a fishes swim bladder I don't know the answer to this question I totally do I'm gonna end up with no point spit it but no point flew no point at what you get alright how it works so you're showing your answer to that camera you're showing your answer that camera you guys ready all of you seemed unlikely reveal your answers that's upside down and wrong they made the wager that much I'm in just a big you wagering that much and I was like go big or go home so we took everybody tied with zero points correct has that ever happened before yes I believe it has Oh added game well everybody we've I know here $1 less and I will go Matt is correct that is what you should have done mmm also made $8 not points we welcome such of our $0 criticize about contouring so uh Edward and key Leah mm-hmm you hope yet I lost yeah you're both we both lost super bad sorry bout it but thanks for joining us on this scishow quiz show thank to all but what's the answer oh I don't know the half of one with the thing you know uh so we have like a curve or a metabolizing fructose that was going to be my last yes yeah where you it I want to do what why do they have a bunch of fructose and also a rat man I don't you need oxygen metabolize victims I'm gonna answer an episode though yeah okay that's good along I shall find out yeah I'll let you know in a second I have no idea right now the answer is B they metabolize fructose because naked mole rats live in underground tunnels that are usually crowded they probably have to deal with low oxygen environments way more than we do so survive without oxygen they lower their pulse to about twenty five percent of what's normal and their blood streams get flooded with fructose as well as sucrose which is just fructose and glucose links together instead of breaking down glucose to make energy with a pathway that needs oxygen to work they start using fructose molecules and a pathway we've only ever seen in plants until now naked mole rats have a special fructose transporting protein in their brain and heart cells which is typically found in kidney and intestine cells and other mammals this lets their brains suck up fructose molecules from their blood so they can use other chemical reactions to make energy without a step that needs oxygen eventually they will die without oxygen but their cells will hold out for a lot longer than ours so Edward and ki Lia I guess everybody loses - oh sorry oh I'm sorry okay got started that's all oh yeah thanks for watching this episode of scishow quiz show thanks to all of our patrons on patreon who make this show possible and don't forget that you can check out Matt's work on animal wonders Montana financial diet or sexplanations also don't forget to go to youtube.com/scishow and subscribe [Music]

Channel: SciShow

Views: 109,925

Rating: 4.933002 out of 5

Keywords: SciShow, science, Hank, Green, education, learn, Matt Gaydos, Quiz Show, weird natural phenomena, sailing stones, Death Valley, GPS, Lake Natron, Tanzania, red water, petrified, super alkaline lake, sodium carbonate decahydrate, natron, albatross, air pressure, dynamic soaring, wind velocity, Pitot tubes, pressure sensors, double-suction mechanism, dove, Asian giant hornet, Japanese honeybees, bee ball, vibration, naked mole rats, metabolize fructose, low-oxygen

Id: xn5RHQr2zaw

Length: 17min 49sec (1069 seconds)

Published: Wed Aug 02 2017