Science for kids | BREAKING BONES | Experiments for kids | Operation Ouch

every year half a million people attend the accident and emergency department because of sporting injuries and here's a novel in accident in emergency nine-year-old Tamsin is waiting to see the doctors oh dear that doesn't sound good when I pee that's from the whole leg went purple green and blue let's find out exactly how this multicolored mischief happened well there's two parts to this stories aren't okay what's the first turns enlisted hair type boxing class from spiraling with her partner riad who wouldn't want to mess with her eye nose on they both went to do a band I move a flying kick but their knees clashed ouch that's not all's and there's more hot a couple of days later Tamsin was playing hockey in PE who's winning never mind that song because as Texans opponent whacked the ball his stick accidentally hit Tamsin shin on the same leg Oh double ouch in to find out more about Tamsin's troubles is dr. Helen Stewart it's obviously quite so Chris just down there okay well I stumbled eggs I've seen lots of pain and I think needs to get some x-rays so it's off to get some snaps to see why her ankle is in agony after a few photos dr. Helen delivers the verdict we're going to treat you the same as we would if you broken something pot is another name for a plaster cast and I don't think it's what Tamsin was hoping for the cast will make it more comfortable it'll help the pain help it to you Tamsin's having a back slab which supports the back of her leg and allows for swelling I think we've got a pot star on our hands here's on Tamsin's Got Talent she'll need to come back for a check-up on that painful pain find out later how she gets on but bones can go wrong too in the lower half of your lake you've got two boats at the tibia which is here that's your shin bone and then a smaller bone off to the side the fibula that one there it's easy to break these and it's quite common football of stewart's skiers do it you probably know someone yourself who's done it and it's also quite easy to fix this usually doctors will pull the leg straight put it in a plaster cast and you can be almost as good as new in a few weeks but what happens if you don't have a plaster cast take a look at this this person broke their leg 200 years ago and they didn't see a doctor now it's a terrible break he would have been in terrible pain and he would have had a very bad limp but what's incredible about this is the bone was actually regrown and tried to fix itself so we know from that that this guy lived probably for several years after his injury amazing how much does the average adult skeleton way is it as much as a one car tire be five BMX bikes or see 15 bricks the answer is one car tire our skeleton only makes up about 15% of our overall body weight the rest is our muscles guts and blood and talking of skeletons now it's time for investigation ouch so what do you think the inside of a bone looks like this is an animal's thigh bone I'm gonna cut it in half and show you [Music] you can see how amazingly strong bone is by the fact that I have to use a saw to cut through it there we go yeah look at that that's perfect so it looks like rock but actually your bones are as alive as any other part of your body inside the bone is a web of fibers and that's what gives bones their amazing strength these spongy fibers can absorb lots of pressure meaning our skeleton is one of the toughest parts of our body so bones are incredible but they're also incredibly complex and in here engineers are growing them meat engineering expert dr. Michelle Oya she's so interested in the structure of bones that she's built these robots made out of Lego so they can make artificial bones in a lab we shall wire bones so amazing bone itself has really fantastic physical properties especially for something of its weight or density it's really stiff it's really strong and it's really tough the resistant to breaking so Michelle what are you doing here we're dipping a screw into four different beakers two of them just have water and the other two have some protein from your body and also some calcium in one jar and in the other jar we have some chemicals called phosphate so the little piece of metal that is being dipped in these liquids but you're getting a solid bone out of it yeah it's forming its growing itself as we dip so we go over and over and over again and the layer gets thicker and thicker and thicker so why are you doing this for surgeries you could take a screw which are used in surgeries when you have broken bones to hold your bones together but the biological cells in your body don't really like the metal and so if you put a bone coating on the screw then those cells would basically not see the metal but michelle is an engineer and think she can take her homegrown bones and make something much more spectacular we're interested in building things and so we think it's got a lot of applications for maybe making skies that's amazing you're actually taking the kind of inspiration from the human skeleton to do something completely different with it absolutely and it makes sense because we've evolved over millions of years and this is the structural material that holds us up so it absolutely makes perfect sense that we might be able to make new things where it's holding them up in fact remember the web-like pattern of fibers we saw inside the bone earlier well it's this same pattern which was the inspiration behind the structure of a very famous landmark the Eiffel Tower in Paris isn't it amazing to think that one day we could actually be living in buildings made out of bone but these are small beginnings and after 24 hours this is the result of the robots work in the lab so it really looks like a real bone doesn't it yep because it's made of the same stuff this tiny bone is the final product and it's almost exactly the same as the bones in your body but there's one crucial difference it's not alive it's inanimate the bones in your body have living cells in them that allow them to grow and mend if you break them yeah on operation ouch we've seen lots of patients coming into the hospital it's been a few years since I actually worked in accident and emergency myself but today I'm going on duty at the Royal Manchester Children's Hospital emergency department with Professor Simon Cod open 24/7 this department sees more patients an hour than any other part of the hospital this casualty is fifteen-year-old Joe who's been in a bike accident so Joe's coming to hospital by ambulance he was cycling down a hill really fast one of his brakes didn't work and he crashed into a people carrier no one in the car was injured but the car was badly damaged and that means we have to be really careful that he doesn't have serious internal injuries so Louise is just feeling down Joe's back making sure he hasn't got any fractures there [Music] we wearing a helmet that's one thing kids will hold it are you gonna wear a helmet from now on yes you're gonna get your back brake fixed I'm gonna scrap the rifle and get a decent walk so far in the contest of Joe versus the car which is in a good mood and he hasn't got any obvious injuries so the moment is Joe one Carnell next we have to check for internal injuries with an ultrasound machine so what we're looking for is if it is any blood so that shows up as black and in the wrong place now I can't see any at the moment so that's good news it's the ultrasound scan of Josie internal organs is completely normal so that's Joe to Carnell we take Joe to x-ray where we can take some pictures of his bones and see if any of the bones that attend her are actually broke take pictures of Jos pelvis so the bones of his hips we're then going to take pictures of his spine then his chest and then the spine going up to his neck okay all right Joe that's that picture done which won't do here is get a picture of the spine just as it's at the back of the skull instead of photograph it well we need to open the mouth take a picture of the vertebra right back there professor Simon takes a careful look at Joe's x-rays I think those look okay and we will also get the radiologists who are specialists who just spend all the time looking at x-rays it's really expert well they'll have a look at these as well and all being well we'll take everything off and get him set up brilliant his mum said he was made of steel which might actually be right are you surprised by this that we've got a smashed-up people carrier and a perfectly well fifteen-year-old boy and I guess I'm a bit surprised and but I'm also quite pleased RIA so astonishingly Jose x-rays are completely normal so that is jo3 Carnell ready to get home yeah so in the man vs. car contest we have a winner yeah it's a great result but it's been a lucky escape for Joe things could have been a lot worse so make sure you wear a helmet from now on when you get injured your body is brilliant at mending itself this next boy should know he's always having accidents look out for that squirrel when you break your arm it's called a fracture and it gets put in plaster to keep it in place but underneath the real fixing is done by you Wow your broken bone leaks blood and it contains special building blocks including fibers from proteins called collagen and cartilage [Music] they build a temporary bridge called a callus and it stays in place for about three weeks then a specialist team called the osteoblasts move in these are cells that make tiny bits of bone that's set like cement after a few weeks your bones have repaired themselves your cast will be off and you're as good as new just watch out for squirrels [Music]

Channel: Operation Ouch

Views: 615,848

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Keywords: operation ouch, operation ouch episodes, operation ouch en español, operation ouch mindbenders, cbbc operation ouch, Dr Chris, Dr Xand, Biology for kids, Science experiments for kids, broken bones, operation ouch full episodes, operation ouch skeleton, Science for kids, Kids Science, Home schooling, Educational kids content, Science at home, Home Science, Science Project, Kids science experiments

Id: FRsuzrYSXII

Length: 11min 58sec (718 seconds)

Published: Mon Dec 11 2017