- [Narrator] What's rarer than
finding a four-leaf clover? Rarer than being struck by lightning? Or even rarer than winning the lottery? They're such exceptional occurrences that the chances of them
happening to you seem slim. But there are even more impossibly
rare events in this world that make those things look common. From finding the rarest element on earth, to spawning the rarest Minecraft mob, it's time to take a look at some of the least probable things to happen in the known universe. (rock music) Alright, let's start small
to establish a scale. Your odds of drawing a
heart, or any specific suit, from a deck of 52 playing
cards is one in four. Each suit has 13 cards, giving you a 25% chance of
blindly drawing a specific suit. Moving on, your odds of being left-handed are around 1 in 100. The preference for using
the left hand over the right comes from the way the brain is arranged. The left half controls the
right side of the body, and vice versa. Most people's brains
use the left hemisphere to determine fine motor control, so the right hand becomes dominant. Left handedness could be down
to a small genetic mutation in our distant past, which
is genetically passed down to an increasingly small
amount of lefties today. Next, twins. Identical twins occur
when one fertilized egg splits into two fetuses that end up sharing the
same genetic information. That means, your odds of being born a twin are around 1 in 250. Inexplicably, the country of Benin boasts a twin birth rate seven
times higher than average, at 7 in 250. Pokemon! We've caught em' all,
but did you know that in the games each Pokemon
has a very, very low chance of being shiny? These different colored
Pokemon are generated randomly by the game, but each wild
encounter only produces a 1 in 4096 chance of
a Pokemon being shiny. In the older games, your odds
were even worse at 1 in 8912. It's a miracle anybody
really did catch 'em all. Flipping a coin is always 50/50, right? Well, not exactly. When you flip a coin, it actually has about a 1 in 6000 chance on landing directly on its side. Assuming you're flipping
it onto a flat surface and with no wind or coin-meddlers
to alter the result. So, in reality, when you flip a coin it's more like you have a 49.99999% chance of it being heads or tails. Have you ever gone hunting for a lucky four-leafed clover? They're almost impossible to spot amidst all the three-leafed ones. So, it's no surprise that it's estimated the odds of a clover having four leaves are just 1 in 10,000. The fourth leaf comes
from a regressive mutation or environmental damage, with
one clover being the leaf of a larger plant. Doesn't sound so lucky now. Now, this next one is why
I stick to crazy golf. The odds of your average
golfer landing a hole-in-one are just 1 in 12,500. With that in mind, it's pretty amazing that Tiger
Woods hit 20 holes-in-one across his career, right? Then again, he isn't
exactly your average golfer. Albinism is a condition that occurs due to a lack of melanin in the body, which is a pigment that
adds color to hair and skin. This rare genetic mutation
leads albino humans to have pale skin and white-blonde hair. In most of the world, albinism occurs in around
one in every 18,000 people. I guess you could say the
rest pale in comparison. Gigantism and acromegaly are conditions that arise if your pituitary gland produces too many growth hormones. People with these conditions can grow to over eight feet tall, and are around three or four in a million. This means your odds of being super-tall are somewhere between 1 in
250,000 and 1 in 333,333. The tallest individual with this disorder, and not coincidentally the
tallest man to ever live, was Robert Wadlow, who grew to an amazing
8 feet 11 inches tall. That means he was half
as tall as a giraffe. Let's return to cards for a minute. In Poker, a Royal Flush is
the best hand you can get, and consists of an Ace, King, Queen, Jack, and 10 of the same suit. As there are four suits
in a deck of cards, this means you have four shots
at getting a Royal Flush, but don't hold your breath, as your chances of
getting the specific cards to make this on the river
are just 1 in 649,740. This means that if you were
dealt 20 hands of Poker every night, you'd
still only expect to see one Royal Flush in 89 years of play. Let's hope when that
does happen, you bet big. Have you ever seen a
Royal Flush in action? Statistically, someone in the
comment section must have. Let me know down below, and
be sure to like and subscribe for more mind-boggling content. All right, where were we? Being mauled to death by a bear
is a fear many people have, but how likely is it really? In the United States, bears kill between two
and five people each year. When you compare that
to the number of deaths recorded by the CDC in
2017, that means your odds of being munched by a bear in the U.S. are just 2 to 5 in 2,813,420, or around 1 in 804,000. That's rare, so rare that you're
about 60 times more likely to be killed by your toaster. Nice helping of perspective for those of us afraid
of bear attacks there. So now we know you have
about a 1 in 10,000 chance of finding a four-leaf
clover, let's get crazy. What about five leaves? Yeah, they exist, and they're
much rarer than four-leafers. It's estimated that you only have about a one in one million
chance of finding a clover with five leaves thanks to that previously
mentioned recessive mutation. Happy hunting! Alright, it was only a matter
of time before we got here. How likely are you to
be struck by lightning? According to the National Weather Service, your odds of being struck in a given year, where there's an average
of 1.4 billion strikes around the world, are just 1 in 1,222,000. Assuming you live to be 80 years old, that means your lifetime
odds are 1 in 15,300 or 0.0065%, which is actually
a lot higher than I thought. I'm shocked! Despite what most people think, lobsters aren't naturally red. Most of the time in the wild,
they're more of a muddy brown. When cooked or exposed to heat,
their shells become redder most of the time. In some rare occurrences, lobsters can be born with a mutation that results in some
pretty wild pigmentation in their shells. For example, the chance of
a lobster being bright blue are about 1 in 2,000,000. But they still taste delicious, which is all that matters in my opinion. Back to the cards! While your odds of getting
a regular old Royal Flush are a generous 1 in 649,740, things get a lot trickier if you're picky. If you're angling for a royal
flush of a specific suit, diamonds, for example, your odds decrease to just 1 in 2,598,960. While this may seem crazy,
these are actually your odds of getting dealt any specific Poker hand. I would say that sharks are
even scarier than bears, but guess what? They're also less dangerous. Sharks were responsible for the deaths of just 11 people worldwide in 2021. The International Shark Attack File puts your odds of
getting bitten by a shark at just 1 in 3,748,067. To put that into perspective, you're way more likely
to be killed by giraffes, which cause around 190 deaths per year. But even these numbers are dwarfed by the unassuming freshwater snail, which by some estimates claims
over 20,000 lives per year. These snails can carry worms
which can cause schistosomisis, a very nasty disease and
an unpleasant way to go. Think I'd prefer being eaten by a shark. Super Mario Maker is a
popular Nintendo game where players can create, edit,
and share their own levels based on the tried-and-true Mario Brothers platform scroller formula. Not long after release, people were uploading some
truly crazy and creative levels, but none as daunting as The Lucky Draw, created by user Phenotype. The level is short and simple
but holds a dark secret. It can only be beaten if six magikoopas transform six blocks into coins. Then, all six coins need
to move to the right to avoid activating a death-switch. Your odds of beating this course are estimated to be 1 in 7,500,000. In 2019, after 4.2 million
worldwide attempts, a user by the name of Josh finally completed the level legitimately, and a few million tries
sooner than expected. It's reported that around 40% of travelers are afraid of flying in some
way, and that's understandable. If man was meant to fly through the air at hundreds of miles per hour,
we'd have developed wings. Still, the odds of actually
getting into a plane crash are just 1 in 11 million,
and even if you do, between 90 and 96% of people involved in airline
accidents escape unscathed. As one statistician put it,
if you took one flight a day, you would have to travel for 55,000 years before getting into an accident. But think of all the
airmiles you'd have by then. Now, back to lobsters! As it turns out, these creatures don't just
come in red, brown, or blue. Thanks to that previously
mentioned mutation, the chances of finding a
yellow fellow like this guy is approximately 1 in 30 million. But that's not even the
half of it, literally. Check out this split-colored lobster, talk about having the best of both worlds. With the shell containing not
one, but two separate colors, the mutational odds of a lobster
having a carapace like this are between just 1 in
50 and 1 in 100 million. Somehow this just makes him
look even more tasty to me. In the United States, your odds of winning the Powerball lottery tend to float somewhere
between 1 in 290 million and 1 in 300 million. To visualize just how
astronomical these odds are, imagine 290 million lottery tickets stacked on top of each other. This pile would reach
about 95,000 feet high, which is five times the
size of Mount Kilimanjaro. Now imagine standing in front of this super stack of tickets, and picking one out. Those are your odds of
winning the lottery, about 0.00000005%. Some people choose to boost their odds by buying tickets in bulk, but even if you bought 100 tickets, your odds would still be just
0.00005%, not much better. In order to stand a 1% chance of winning, you'd need to buy two million tickets. Considering tickets frequently
sell for two bucks a pop, that means that 1% chance
would cost you $4 million. Going purely by the numbers, if you wanted to secure
a 100% chance of winning, you'd need to spend
$400 million on tickets. But considering the jackpot in the States is sometimes over a billion dollars, you'd actually still make a profit. As long as you don't mind sorting through five
Kilimanjaro's worth of tickets. Are you young and nerdy enough to remember spending your
allowance on Yu-Gi-Oh cards and desperately hoping
for a great, rare card? No? You're not ancient, like me? Well maybe you're more
familiar with Hearthstone, the hugely popular
online trading card game. Much like my ancient Yu-Gi-Oh cards, Hearthstone cards also come
in packs, but digitally. Cards in the game range from
mundane to incredibly rare, and your chances of opening a pack that contains five Legendary Golden cards is 1 in 3.2 billion. Man, I'm gonna need to ask my
mom to increase my allowance. Let's talk banana peels,
the scourge of Mario Kart. We've all seen a cartoon
where someone hilariously slips on one, but how likely
is it to actually happen? According to the Times-Post, your odds of meeting your
end via a fruit peel mishap are just 1 in 3.5 billion. Consider then the tragic
demise of Bobby Leach, a born daredevil who parachuted
out of hot air balloons and went over Niagara
falls in a barrel in 1911. In 1926, he slipped on
an orange peel fatally. Orange, you glad it wasn't banana. This next entry is very
special, because it's you. At the time I'm making this video, your odds of being uniquely
you are 1 in 7.75 billion. And those odds are only going
to shrink in your lifetime as the population increases. In fact, it's estimated
you'll be 1 in 8 billion less than a year from now. Yay, I'm special! Dungeons and Dragons is
the incredibly popular, incredibly nerdy tabletop roleplaying game that's basically my only
form of social interaction. You have six stats in D&D, and
when you create a character, you determine each of them by
rolling four six-sided dice, removing the lowest result, and adding the remaining
dice totals together. This means the highest you
can roll for a stat is 18. But if you wanna create the
most overpowered character ever, be patient, because your
chances of rolling an 18 for every stat are 1 in 55,555,555,555. If you did, maybe you could
finally make a good Ranger? Okay, apologies to all Ranger
players, and normal people, because that's the dorkiest
joke I've ever made. So, your odds of getting a
single Royal Flush are so low, you probably won't ever
get one in your life. But that's nothing! You see, as rare as that is, we know people have gotten Royal Flushes. As far as we know, though,
no poker table in history has, or likely ever will,
see two at the same time. The odds of this phenomenon occurring are a staggering 1 in 422,162,067,600. In case you're wondering,
there's no official ruling on who would win if it did happen. Have you ever cracked an egg
open to find two yellow yolks staring back at you? If you have, count yourself lucky, as the odds of an egg having
two yolks are just 1 in 1000. If you've ever cracked six
eggs and found 12 yolks, count yourself a miracle worker, because the odds of
finding an entire carton of double-yolkers are 1 in 10 trillion. The raw math here would tell us these odds would be closer to 1 in 10 quintillion, however, it turns out when a
young bird lays its first egg, it's more likely to be a double-yolker at around 1 in 100 odds. As eggs in a carton often come from birds around the same age, the
odds the first egg you crack will have two yolks is 1 in 1000 while every subsequent egg is 1 in 100. Double-yolk eggs are so prized
we've bred chickens solely to produce these improbable treats. In this case, you
wouldn't really be lucky, just a satisfied customer. Fingerprints are incredibly unique, and everybody has them. In fact, assuming all fingers are intact, everybody has ten, and they're all unique. If you don't believe me,
try unlocking an iPhone with an unregistered finger. Even identical twins have
different fingerprints. The individuality of fingerprints has been known a long time. As early as 1894, scientists
were estimating the odds of two people sharing
the same fingerprints were 1 in 64 trillion. Crazier still is, with that in mind, in 2004 the FBI arrested an innocent man named Brandon Mayfield
based on his fingerprints matching a criminal. Though this was later found
to be down to laziness on the part of the FBI rather
than incalculably bad luck on the part of Mayfield. Way to make us proud, FBI! Meet Frano Selak, who may be the unluckiest
man to ever live. In 1962, Frano was riding on a train when it derailed and plunged into an icy lake beneath the tracks. The accident claimed 17 lives and left him the sole survivor. Two years later he decided
to travel on a plane for the first and last time, as his plane crashed mid-flight. On two separate occasions in the 1970's, Frano's car burst into flames
for seemingly no reason while he was inside. In 1995 he was struck by a bus, and in 1996 he was forced off the road and had to jump from his car
as it plummeted off a cliff. That same year he was riding
the bus when it crashed, taking four people with it. If I were Frano, I would never trust public
transportation again. While this is just a rough calculation, I reckon the odds of one person getting into all these accidents is 7 in one quadrillion nine
hundred thirty trillion. Oh, and not to complicate
things even further, but on his 73rd birthday
he won the lottery. Maybe he was the luckiest man on earth. All right, let's go
all-in on the cards odds. What are the chances you sit
down with three other people, each draw five cards, and each
one draws a Royal Flush hand? Well, now we're getting into near functionally
impossible territory. The odds of this configuration being dealt are a mind-boggling
1 in 178 sextillion. I think we should just call it a draw. Four Royal flushes may be hard to believe, but you know what's even harder? That's right, it's lobsters again. Check out this trio of
split-color beauties. If we work on the assumption
that finding just one of these is a 1 in 100 million chance,
then finding three like this would be around a 1 in 10 to
the power of 24 occurrence, or one in a septillion. Okay, that's it now, no
more lobsters, I promise. These massive numbers can be a
little hard to conceptualize, so consider this, a million
seconds is about 12 days. A billion seconds is over 31 years, and a trillion seconds is 31,709 years, and at this point, we're
way beyond the trillions. Eugh, I feel nauseous. Meet Roy Sullivan, born
1912, who may just beat Frano for the title of unluckiest
man to ever live. Remember how earlier we discovered you have a 1 in 15,300
chance of being struck by lightning in your lifetime? Well, poor Roy was struck
by lightning not once, not twice, but seven times. This earned Roy the nickname
The Human Lightning Rod. Now, Roy was a park ranger,
which may clear some of this up, being out in the open all day does make you more likely to get struck by lightning than someone
in an office nine to five. however, Roy wasn't just
struck by lightning on the job, but driving in his truck
and in his own front yard. The odds of Roy living this
tragic, electrifying life are just 1 in 10 octillion. Sadly, towards the end of his life, Roy developed a phobia of clouds, and thought they were following him. And you know what, with odds like that, he may have been right. In the year 2000, the utterly
perplexing Fukang meteorite fell to earth in China. Gotta be real careful of
my pronunciation here! Estimated to be around
4.5 billion years old, the beautiful rock is a bizarre
mixture of iron and peridot. It's the only known meteorite of its kind, and while you may think that qualifies it for the rarest material on earth, it's actually not even close. That would be Astatine. The earth's crust is made up of an unimaginable 13
septillion pounds of matter, that's a 13 with 24 zeros behind it. And of that unbelievable 13-with-24-zeros, only one ounce of Astatine
exists in it at a time. This means the one-of-a-kind
space meteorite is over 35,000 times more
common than Astatine. "At a time" is also an
important phrase there, because astatine has a shockingly short half-life of eight hours. This means that if you clumped
a bunch of it in your hands, after eight hours, half
of it would be gone. Also, you'd have cramped hands. This means your chances of
finding an ounce of Astatine is 1 in 13 septillion. But even that might not be accurate, as that number is comparing
an ounce of Astatine to pounds of earth. As there are 16 ounces in a pound, it might be more accurate to say your odds are 1 in 13
Septillion times sixteen. That's over 270 octillion. That's a lot of zeroes, and
we're not even done yet! On the surface, Minecraft appears simple, but don't be fooled. It's a big, crazy game with
lots of big, crazy math. For example, a lot of calculations are made in determining what
enemies spawn in your world, with some combinations
being exceedingly rare. If you wanna get silly,
you can go out looking for a left-handed leader
baby villager chicken jockey that can pick up items,
is wearing diamond gear fully enchanted to level eight
with an enchanted iron sword of the same level. You'll be looking a while though, because the odds of this spawning are 0.000,000,000,000,000,000,000, 000,000,000, 001,991,202,975% or 1 in 1.19 tredecillion. Geez, I can't even find the pickaxe. You've heard the classic phrase if you give a monkey a
typewriter after long enough, it'll produce Shakespeare, right? Well, if you're checking
how long in the video it's taken this idea to come up, you can probably guess
that isn't quite accurate. - It was the best of times. It was the blast of
times, you stupid monkey. - [Narrator] However, I'm
gonna be nice to the monkey. Rather than an entire play,
I just want one sentence, how about the famous to be or not to be? This sentence consists of 19 characters including spaces and that
poignant question mark. Most American typewriters
can produce 88 characters with 44 keys. This means that the odds of a monkey typing the famous phrase are
1 in 88 to the nineteenth, or roughly 1 in 11 undecillion, which has 36 zeros behind it. Considering that's just typing
a single line from "Hamlet," you can see how silly the idea of producing an entire
Shakespeare play would be. Even if Shakespeare's beyond them, those monkeys do okay scripting my videos. Remember way back at the
beginning of this video, when we were just pulling a
card that we wanted from a deck? Let's revisit those simple
times, to the extreme. What are the odds that a deck of cards will be ordered the exact same way after they've been shuffled? The math here is simple, as
there are 52 cards in a deck, we multiply 52 by 51
by 50 by 49, et cetera. This is a factorial, and it gets wild. It turns out your odds of
shuffling a deck of cards the same way twice are 1
in 10 to the power of 68, or 1 in 100 unvigintillion. That's a one with 68 zeros behind it. Let's put this into perspective, our universe is around
13.8 billion years old, and is expected to last at least another 20 billion years. Remember how I said a billion
seconds was around 31 years? Well, in a billion years, there are 31.5 quadrillion seconds. That means that if you
began shuffling cards from the moment the
universe came into existence and were able to shuffle and
check your deck every second, you still would not have
seen the same arrangement of cards twice by the time
the universe stopped existing. There is, quite literally, not enough time for this
to happen naturally. This really highlights
the skills of magicians like Ricky Jay, who was able
to manipulate decks of cards so they would appear in
the same order twice. Imagine being so good at something you can bend the laws of probability. I can't even do up my
tie to the right length! So, there we have it, some of the rarest things in the universe. What's the rarest thing
you've ever experienced? And was it any of these things? Let me know down in the comments below and thanks for watching. (upbeat music)
