PubMed for Librarians: Evidence Based Search Features

[Music] welcome to PubMed for librarians using evidence-based search features this is one of six PubMed for librarians sessions this session will focus specifically on evidence-based search features in PubMed we have an ambitious agenda for today the main objective of today's session is to explore mesh vocabulary and PubMed features that facilitate and inform locating evidence-based research to do that we'll look at medical subject headings or mesh about study design then we'll check out three resources from NLM that can help you and your patrons locate different types of evidence-based information but to do all of this we need some definitions so what is evidence-based medicine it is the conscientious explicit and judicious use of the current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients this definition was coined over 20 years ago in the British Medical Journal by dr. David Sackett and he was a clinical epidemiologist and a pioneer of evidence-based medicine we're going to put a link in the chat box to an article evidence-based medicine what it is and what it isn't this is also number one on your handout the free full-text of evidence-based medicine what it is and what it isn't is available in PubMed Central so if you have not read that article and you are teaching an evidence-based practice course or if you are getting into evidence based medicine evidence-based searching you really need to read that article it is pretty much the article that started off the movement of evidence-based practice so notice now in the bottom right hand corner of the slide we have this evidence based medicine pyramid this outlines the levels of evidence in the research literature and this is also on your handout the pyramid is meant to visualize both the quality of evidence and the amount of evidence available so for example systematic reviews are at the top of the pyramid meaning they are both the highest level of evidence and the least common as you go down the pyramid the amount of evidence increases and the quality of the dents may decrease there are two critical components of evidence-based medicine that we will not cover today and those are developing a clinical question and evaluating the evidence those two parts of the evidence-based medicine process are outside the purview of this pubmed class today we are focusing specifically on pubmed features that will help you locate relevant literature to locate the current best evidence that dr. Saki talks about in his definition we want to help you locate the Tastee evidence that is embodied in this evidence based medicine cake there is a methodology to making a cake much like there is to creating a good clinical study dr. Sackett once said the best evidence is usually found in clinically relevant research that has been conducted using sound methodology and that supports our instances on PubMed tools today we want to show you the PubMed tools and vocabulary that will connect you with research conducted with a sound methodology so that was your crash course in evidence-based medicine we've defined evidence in the context of literature searching for clinical medicine and now we're going to look at some methodologies the research study design and how those are indexed in PubMed now you may have heard mesh or those medical subject headings described as a tree structure so in that tree structure there are two main branches that describe study design investigative technique and study characteristics and this is number two on your handout the two main branches of medical subject headings that describe study design are investigative techniques and study characteristics so let's explore them we're going to share a link to the all mesh categories page so here we are at the top of the mesh tree over 27-thousand medical subject headings are contained in these tree structures 27000 medical subject headings but only a handful refer to study designs notice we have the analytical diagnostic and therapeutic techniques and equipment category this is where the investigative techniques live if you go further down you have the publication type category and that's where we'll begin the easiest way to get to it is to click on that link and another way to get to the mesh page would be if you go to PubMed gov if you search anything and get to some subject headings and if you can get to some subject headings and you keep going up to the tree then you can get there however please just click on the link that is the easiest way to get to the top of the mesh tree like I was talking about we have investigative techniques and we have study characteristics and these are the two turn two areas of the mesh tree that we're going to discover today the first place I want to start at is the publication type category and so if you are at that mesh categories screen you want to find the publication type category and go ahead and click on that now you should know that publication type is a heading that describes what the index item is rather than what it is about so think of publication type as the genre of the article now there are four branches under the publication type category you have components which describe parts of an article like the abstract you have formats such as a lecture book review or dictionary you have study characteristics moving on down that's what we're most interested in today as these study characteristics and finally you have support of research which is funding status whether it's government or non-government study characteristics describe the structure and procedure the how of the research you can see that many terms under study characteristics are similar to those that we saw in the EBM pyramid so I have a question for you what study characteristics do you recognize from that pyramid please pause recording to complete the exercise case reports very good case reports excellent guys clinical studies meta-analysis most except for twin study great here's another question if you wanted to find studies that compare treatments for a disease or injury which publication type could you add to your search please pause recording to complete the exercise comparative comparative study that's right comparative study is one way to find studies that compare treatments and that is the study characteristics right here I want to draw your attention to a particular publication type in this list and that is the clinical study publication type right here the plus sign next to clinical study indicates that there's terms underneath this one in the mesh tree so let's go ahead and click on that the reason why this is important is because clinical study terms were revised in 2016 as you may know mesh is updated on an annual basis and in the 2016 update the terms describing clinical trials and observational studies were adjusted to better reflect how they are used in research and particularly how they're used in tandem with clinical trial guv so clinical study was added as an overarching term in 2016 notice you're introduced on this category page year introduced 2016 you can read the definition of clinical study right here but notice also there's two terms underneath clinical study clinical trial and observational study so here's another question does anyone know the difference between clinical trial and observational study and marry you guys first controls and that is correct controls Tyler very good in a clinical trial the researcher is defining the groups the researcher is creating a control group versus a non control group the researcher is in some way defining the groups in an observational study the groups are predetermined in some way another thing I want to mention about these publication types these scope notes as they call them the definitions underneath the subject heading these are not official scientific definitions these are official National Library of Medicine indexing definition so this is not the dictionary definition of a clinical study this is what NLM uses as their definition when they are indexing articles it's specific to the National Library of Medicine so let's look below the term clinical trial here we have five more phases and probably even more because we have a plus right here but we have these four phases of clinical trials here he's described the four phases of clinical files that are used in research studies why is this important in September of 2016 the US Department of Health and Human Services issued a final rule about reporting clinical trials in clinical trials gov so as reporting requirements are stepping up you should become familiar with what these clinical trial phases mean because you will often see them in tandem with other subject headings in PubMed so what do these mean well a clinical trial phase one asks is the drug safe Phase two asks does this drug do anything at what dose phase three clinical trials asks how good is this drug compared to the standard treatment and finally phase four asks if the drug has any rare or long-term adverse effects as I mentioned there's also the term controlled clinical trial and if we expand that notice underneath controlled clinical trial we have the randomized controlled trial and we also have a pragmatic clinical trial so what do these terms mean a controlled clinical trial means that there is a control group or a group not receiving treatment a randomized controlled trial randomly assigns patients to the test or control groups randomized controlled trial is considered the gold standard of medical research because it is the best design to reduce chances of bias and control for the effect of the treatment and that is number three on your handout randomized control trial is considered the gold standard of medical research now here's something else that's very important from an indexing point of view NLM indexers use randomized controlled trial in conjunction with specific clinical trial phases to describe a research trial I want to show you an example of how that looks in a pubmed record so we're going to share a link to a JAMA article that's the Journal of the American Medical Association about a drug called a de lamu mab and if I scroll all the way down of this record to look at the publication types and the mesh terms and the substances you can see down here under publication types that we have both clinical trial phase 3 which is asking how good is this drug compared to the standard treatment and that is indexed along with randomized controlled trial and if you scroll further down the page to the very bottom notice down here we have a secondary source ID this link goes into clinical trials.gov and takes you directly to the clinical trial that is associated with this article and so that is why it's good to know as an expert searcher about phases of the clinical trial and that they are often used in indexing they're often indexed together with randomized controlled trial and that helps to turn to to link this pubmed record also to the record and clinical trial Stalcup want to tell you one final note about clinical trials and publication types i'm going to change this drop down menu to mesh and i'm going to search the term clinical trial because i want you to see that the terms for publication types that describe research methods also exist in mesh in the form quote/unquote method as topic so notice you have the clinical trial publication type that's what we are just looking at with that JAMA article about ADA lamu mab we also have clinical trials as topic this is not a publication type this is rather a way to index articles that are talking about clinical trials in general for example an article discussing the regulation of clinical trials for human safety will have the subject heading clinical trials as topic conversely an article that is a clinical trial on the drug is going to have the publication type clinical trial so publication type is reporting on results of the clinical trial as topic is talking about the research process as technique and this is something that you're bound to run into if you do any type of systematic review searching now what I'm going to do is show you the other side that other branch that we are talking about investigative techniques we've looked at the publication types now we're going to look at the mesh terms for investigative techniques you can type in investigative techniques in the search panel make sure that you have mesh selected investigative techniques is a very very large branch of that mesh tree because it includes everything included in preclinical and clinical research it also includes epidemiology chemistry immunology genetics and a whole bunch more topics it excludes other heavy hitters such as dentistry surgery therapy and diagnosis there is a ton of interesting stuff in here if you start scrolling down see everything from clinical laboratory techniques to stem cell research there's a lot of interesting things I am going to scroll to epidemiologic methods which is a little halfway down the page go ahead and click on the word epidemiologic methods so we get to that record and mesh you can see here a number of different terms for research techniques that focus on study design and data gathering methods if you start scrolling down notice that there are all kinds of different types of research processes listed here notice this category epidemiologic research design you have terms such as double-blind method random allocation the reason I'm pointing these two out is because these two terms have been in use since the 1970s double-blind method and random allocation and that predates the study characteristics publication types in general so random allocation and double-blind method existed before even the category that now contains them study characteristics was added around 1991 and I'm making that point just to let you know that if you're looking for really really old stuff consider using double-blind and random allocation as part of your search strategy because that will retrieve records that you would not necessarily get if you use the study characteristics publication type so in comparison if you wanted to look for older studies if you use the term like matched pair analysis in your search it might not help you as much because it wasn't added to mesh until 1992 and how do I know that I'm going to click on match pair analysis notice here you're introduced 1992 what that means is if I took this subject heading and added it to my search and then searched PubMed I would not retrieve anything prior to 1992 now if I just did a keyword search for matched pair analysis it would go all the way back because that's a key keyword but if you're using a subject heading search a specific subject heading search note those year introduced it's going to cut off at the date that's listed there I'm going to go back to epidemiologic research design show you double-blind method as you can see here year introduced August 1977 the reason why 1990 is in front of it is because that is when study characteristics came onto the scene but before that double-blind existed on its own I'm just going to plug right now be in LM Technical Bulletin which is the newsletter from the National Library of Medicine in every December the Technical Bulletin posts all kinds of information about adjustments to medical subject headings so if you are a cataloging nerd vocabulary experts keep an eye out for that December edition of the technical bulletins because that has lots of good information about changes adjustments new terms that come on the scene very interesting this is just a little quiz to see if you're paying attention which term would be used to describe an article about recruitment strategies for clinical trials but the correct answer to this question is clinical trials as topic would be the term used to describe an article about recruitment strategies for clinical trials five takeaways for subject headings in evidence-based practice number one the two branches of mesh important to study design are study characteristics in the publication types branch and at the de miel logic research design and that's an investigative techniques branch both of those are really useful for using subject headings in study design number two in a clinical trial the researcher is defining the study groups this might be mathematically random like a randomized control trial or not in an observational study the study groups are predefined in some way so maybe one group has Fatih deliver disease and one doesn't or maybe one group picks their nose with their finger and the other group picks their nose with their toes the point is it is something that is pre-existing that defines those groups there is not any type of control group in an observational study so number three you just need to be aware that there's headings for both publication types and publication types as topic one describes the method of research and the other describes an article about the method itself number four if you want those older studies check that date of entry in the medical subject heading record double-blind in random allocation are two of the oldest subject headings you can use that the scribe studies design and finally randomized controlled trial the gold standard of scientific research employing randomized controlled trial as a subject or as a filter under the publication type category will yield only results that are clinical studies in my years as a reference librarian and trust me there were many years as a reference librarian I would always recommend especially to medical students that they employ that randomized controlled trial filter because that is also a filter in PubMed on the left-hand side of the screen because that is something that will get you clinical results it will get you clinical research if someone is looking for a clinical study search your keyword topic and filter two randomized controlled trial as a publication type and you are going to get a Reese search article and so those are your five takeaways for mesh and evidence-based practice and now I am going to let you try your hand at using some of these subject headings with a little exercise so go ahead and open up pubmed in your browser your mission is to find studies that compare treatments of sleep apnea I encourage you to use the mesh database and explore the study characteristics branch to construct a search look for a publication type that helps you find studies to compare active treatments please pause the recording to complete the exercise so the question was fine studies that compare treatments for sleep apnea does somebody want to share their search strategy in the chat box go ahead Oh Kristen is on it all right I'm going to go ahead and grab Oh Andrew - and you guys had the same thing oh nice okay so maybe you had that same that same search as well you know there's a lot of different ways to get to the same information in PubMed and that's one of the great things about PubMed is that they're so that it's intuitive so you can use keywords you can use subject headings ultimately you can you can still hopefully find what you're looking for so I'm going to plug in Kristen and Andrews search as you can see here and I'm going to click search oh nice the susan has a has one too that's a different way to get the same thing she's using the different type of study and then we have Maggie who has just the straight up keywords and that works too so here we are with our subject heading search sleep apnea syndromes and comparative study and let's see I'm going to look for I'm going to scroll down here because of course just making the search is just one step in a long journey to finding the answer so I'm going to scroll down because I have done the search before obviously but we're going to look at this at a search here we'll go ahead and look at number 16 which is an early intervention with positive airway pressure so as you can see here here is the article and if we scroll down it starts highlighting the terms that were used sleep apnea syndrome therapy now with an asterisk there that's a major topic so in this search particularly they have made sleep apnea the major topic and then you add that with the comparative study and there you go so now let's try a different search I'm going to try Maggie's sleep apnea therapeutics comparative study don't need that okay so here is that keyword search sleep apnea PubMed is so smart you probably already know this because you were smart to but it has Auto corrected our little spelling error and given given us the actual keyword search thank you they're just like Google in that respect and so there's our corrected and if I if I do the correct spelled spelled search here it should also give us 113 now here's another cool thing that PubMed does it you may already know about especially if you've been taking our PubMed for librarians we have the citation sensor has been triggered and given us in a title of an article matching our search here now just a little tip if something is contained in brackets that means that that is in a different language if it has the brackets around the title you may have already known that too so here are here are articles on that and then notice over here our search details maps to various subject headings and keywords and so we can see here is our comparative study for publication type here as well hopefully that gave you a little bit of experience using our publication types so what I'm going to do now is I'm back at the PubMed homepage the reason I'm starting here is because all of these tools can be accessed from the PubMed gov home page so like I said we're going to look at clinical queries comparative effectiveness research and PubMed health we're going to start with clinical queries why because it's highly visible it's right here in the middle of the screen under PubMed tools you have clinical queries in the center so I'm going to click on that link and that's going to take me to a special page clinical queries is useful because it takes advantage of some of the vocabulary we've discussed without having to know the vocabulary and that might be helpful for some of the groups with which you work so as you can see under PubMed clinical Garre we've have three different categories available clinical studies systematic reviews and medical genetics we're going to look at clinical studies and Clinton systematic reviews today I encourage you to explore medical genetics on your own now to show you exactly how clinical queries works I'm going to run a search so I'm typing in otitis media or earache it's one of the most common childhood ailments the tightest media press search notice how the search results resolve into three columns each of these is a search for the keyword otitis media run through a different filter so first let's look at clinical studies the clinical study category on this page is a specialized tool intended for physicians and these filters are built into your search there's five filters provided from this category of from the clinical studies category so as you can see here in addition to therapy we have diagnosis etiology prognosis and clinical predictions and in scope you can either choose broad or narrow the default search for clinical studies is therapy broad and notice that only the first five results are displayed for each filter but you can see all of them by clicking on see all at the bottom of the list that opens to a regular pubmed page with results so if you wanted to see everything you would click on see all I'm going to scroll down a little farther because I want to show you what these clinical category filters are built from and you can see specifically what filter what words they're using to filter your search by clicking on filter information that shows you how these searches are constructed for the clinical studies so I clicked on that filter information I just wanted to show you what you what this looks like because chances are you will never look at it again and I also wanted to ask you if you notice any evidence based medicine terms in these therapy filters what terms do you see here that we've that we've touched upon earlier in the class see randomized controlled trial clinical trials just scrolling down to give you an idea of what other keywords are utilized in these other filters cohort very good I also want to point out that the broad search for therapy here sensitive broad includes terms for clinical trial as well as this free-floating subject heading therapeutic use so they've just kind of they've thrown in this subheading it's called a free-floating subheading so that's in there because that is casting a wide net you're going to get more results and notice that our more narrow or specific results have that randomized controlled trial as a publication type again that gold standard of research these terms are specific to these therapy category and the terms will change depending on if you choose a different category diagnosis is different etiology is different and if you choose different broad and narrow terms that is also going to change depending on what you use here too so and this is number five on your handout if you're following along with that the bottom line is clinical study categories automatically use the vocabulary so you don't have to know it yourself you do not have to reinvent the wheel PubMed wants to help you do your job effectively and part of that is constructing these very specific search filters based on research itself and you can read the article that these filters are based on by clicking this link to hannes they're doing it for you so you don't have to do it yourself so your clinicians don't have to do it yourself it's all about saving you time I noticed that we had some some chatter about systematic reviews earlier in the chat panel and now we're going to talk about the systematic reviews here in the clinical queries category so if you remember that evidence-based medicine pyramid systematic reviews are the very tippy top of the evidence that's the tasty icing on the EBM cake one thing I want to point out is that there is a difference between a basic review article and a systematic review article a review article just a plain straight-up review article is generally considered an examination of the literature from the author's perspective I love this example the invited review or my field from my standpoint written by me using only my data my idea is in citing only my publications so this is a tongue-in-cheek way of couching what a review article can be so and review articles are useful they give you an overview of a specific of a specific condition treatment they're very useful but while a review article is one author's perspective systematic reviews are rigorous their protocol driven and they're designed to minimize error and bias when summarizing the body of research evidence relevant to a specific scientific question so that's a lot that's a lot the process I'm going to share like - one of our favorite publications the NLM technical bulletin back in 2001 they wrote an article about the characteristics of a systematic review they do a nice job of differentiating between a review and a systematic review the main gist of this there's five things here in a systematic review one or more questions are posed study results are collected limited to a particular type and obtained from specific name sources there's inclusion and exclusion criteria the extracted data is combined compared and assessed and then conclusions are drawn from that extraction of data and processing of data those are five ways the systematic reviews vary from regular review so now I want to show you an example from the Journal of the American Medical Association about depression and the risk of stroke morbidity and mortality now the reason why I want to show you an example from the literature is just to show you how this comes out in an actual published article as you probably know or have witnessed lots of systematic reviews are not this pretty this is a really nice example of a systematic review abstract and that's why we're looking at it today so notice here in this first section under context it gives you the specific question is there a link between depression and stroke and then in the data sources it specifically outlines what they searched and to what date they searched in study selection it gives you specific inclusion criteria prospective cohort studies the abstract also shows that the data extracted was combined or pooled just to be clear though data does not have to be combined for it to be a systematic review and then finally in the conclusion you have based on the results there is an increased risk of stroke so why is all of this important why am i showing you this record and going on and on about systematic reviews take a look at the medical subject heading terms here and tell me what you don't see systematic review you got it mark you were the first on the ball systematic review is not a publication type in PubMed systematic review is a search filter introduced to PubMed in 2001 and if you didn't know that that is the one thing I want you to take away today systematic review is not a publication type it is a search filter so let me show you what the search filter looks like I'm going to go back to the PubMed clinical queries tab and I'm going to scroll down remember the systematic reviews are in the middle of the page just like the clinical study categories has their filters here we have the filter information for systematic reviews available here so go and click on the filter information in the middle of the screen middle bottom that is going to take you to the search strategy used to create the systematic review subset in PubMed this search strategy is reviewed annually as you can see here it tells us that it would last modified in February of 2017 and notice these are the actual words that they use to pull out systematic reviews there is no indexing systematic review subject heading it's a filter and Kerry asks why not there's a long explanation for that so we're going to we're going to table that maybe because it is a judgment call just because the author says it is may not be true Mary that's a that's a good argument to carry that's a good question and I want to wait a moment about that Rachel asked is there a reason that meta analysis it is lumped in there - yes there is a systematic review may include a meta analysis but it doesn't necessarily have to a meta analysis is when you combine the results of multiple studies and run statistical analyses on the combined set so a systematic review may include a meta analysis but it doesn't have to have one in there now let me go back I want to show you going to go to some PubMed search results we're going to look at the ones for the clinical study categories I want to show you over here under article types you can even though systematic review is a search filter you can enable it in the publication in the article types filter if you go to customize and you scroll down through all these different article types you have systematic reviews available so I'm going to select systematic review tell it to show it and now I can filter to systematic reviews for this category this clinical study search I already did so notice that this chunks it down to 450 hey Molly I pick a couple comments in it in the chat box and that you know with systematic reviews not being an actual publication type if you're I think the thinking behind that is if you're searching for those you're probably also interested in finding a meta-analysis and that's why that's part of that strategy but Rachel makes a good point that it's probably confusing to students yes Rachel I definitely is confusing to students and also librarians so one thing that we would that that I would do when I when I was teaching medical students as I would pull up I would have at I would have handy those definitions of meta-analysis and systematic reviews either like pulling up a webpage or something just to emphasize that that meta-analysis is when you combine the consults of multiple studies and run a statistical analyses and that a systematic review may include a meta-analysis but it can stop before the meta-analysis occurs so a systematic review or you systematically identify all the literature and and all of that you can just do that as a systematic review with explicit inclusion criteria and data set and data sources but you can stop at the meta-analysis so yes it is it is a point of confusion and here we are back at the PubMed homepage what I want to talk about now is comparative effectiveness research comparative effectiveness research is the conduct and synthesis of research that compares the benefits and harms of different interventions to prevent read diagnose and monitor health conditions in real-world settings you can define it simply as what saves money what saves time what saves lives so it's an outcomes-based practical real Road studying research real-world settings versus versus a clinical study to find comparative effectiveness research under PubMed tools there is a category under the topic specific queries that we're going to check out so the first thing I'm going to do is click on topic specific queries and here we get to a directory of a bunch of different research the third from the top comparative effectiveness research go ahead and click on that comparative effectiveness is geared towards administrators policymakers and folks who are looking at the big picture of health this is built not for clinicians per se but for a hospital administrator so say for example you have a hospital admin come into your library and they tell you that they have an afternoon meeting with pediatrics and they need to brush up on the effectiveness of cochlear implants on otitis media and what do you have on that what do you have it they can read on that comparative effectiveness research is a place where you can start to find specific effectiveness articles so let's go ahead and try a search and I'm going to type in cochlear implants and blue tie ATIS PDF so you have a simple search box here and this is going to search PubMed but it's going to use specific comparative effectiveness filters similar to clinical queries I can differentiate using different research categories or topics in this case I'm going to limit to observational studies one thing you you should know clinical queries does not include observational studies comparative effectiveness includes observational studies and remember those observational studies are where the groups have a pre-existing quality fatty liver disease versus no fatty liver disease versus random randomized controlled trials have that control group observational the groups are predefined somehow okay so keywords observational studies press and go ok so there's 25 articles on cochlear implants otitis media and here you can see here some various articles on that so this is one way to give hospital administrators policymakers folks that are looking for clinical effectiveness research this is one place that you can go so I'm going to go back and now I am going to modify my search going to take out the otitis media and just do cochlear implants and let's see the other thing I'm going to do is just look at comparative effectiveness research as subject notice now I have four results giving some information on that and if you look at the search details I'm going to click on see more because I want to show you some of the keywords that that come up for comparative effectiveness research so that search fills even though it says comparative effectiveness research talks about Centers for Medicare and Medicaid it talks about a hrq and then it talks about resource allocation and therapies and things the main takeaway here about comparative effectiveness research is again saving you time with prefabricated evidence-based search filters for questions from hospital admins public health professionals students doing quality improvement projects comparative effectiveness research should be one of your first stops like I said before you don't need to reinvent the wheel the search filters exist so that you can point your patrons to a specific research so that they find the information they need so I'm going to go back to the PubMed homepage and topic specific queries was where that comparative effectiveness research link lived so the final resource I want to talk to you about today just briefly is PubMed health PubMed health is underneath popular so if you scroll all the way down to the bottom of the PubMed screen you have PubMed health right there and you can click on it PubMed health is a collection of systematic reviews and systematic review summaries these reviews come from NLM information partners so you have information coming in from the agency for Healthcare Research and quality and the Cochrane Collaboration you can see other collaborators on the bottom of the screen and yes Kristen says Grail it and there are reports and clinical practice guidelines in here so yes some grey literature will be contained in here much of what is contained in PubMed health is also in PubMed but some of it is not because it's not in a journal format let's try our overarching example otitis media and we'll do the search in PubMed health we get 157 results this looks very similar to PubMed you have your filters on the left side of the screen you have your discovery panel over here with systematic reviews and PubMed systematic review methods and PubMed things here and then in the middle you have your actual results the very top middle of the screen you have in a box otitis media this is a condition summary page one major distinction between PubMed health and PubMed is that PubMed Health will search the full text of the resources it will also give you patient oriented information like you see here here you have patient oriented information from PubMed health so this looks kind of like what you would see in MEDLINE plus you get some clinical information this is written at 4th grade reading level usually and then if you start going down you start getting research summaries so these are evidence reviews so these are written for the general public this is written for someone who perhaps has a child that has an earache and they want to know more information about it it's not necessarily targeted towards clinicians but also for consumers the big takeaway for PubMed health is it has extra information that PubMed does not contain because it has information from other information partners it also searches full-text PubMed does not search full-text PubMed health does search full-text the bottom line for PubMed health is that if you're looking for systematic reviews you may want to search PubMed health as well as PubMed because you may find some additional information PubMed health is also an excellent resource for patients and consumers and that's number seven on your handout PubMed health is a patient oriented systematic reviews and effectiveness information so PubMed health clinical effectiveness information patient oriented information comparative effectiveness research that is looking for what works in the clinics that includes observational studies and clinical queries is the search filters for clinical information is targeted towards clinicians so we've looked at a lot of information today we've looked at medical subject headings for evidence-based practice we've looked at three tools to look for evidence-based information and so now my question to you which of these seemed most useful to what you do what would you take back from what you learned today to tell your patrons your customers your students your friends about what you learned today if there's one thing you're going to tell someone about what would it be I want to tell you about four takeaways for evidence-based tools number one clinical queries are about the individual patients includes clinical studies has broad and narrow scopes it has systematic reviews and genetics comparative effectiveness research that resource is about the big picture of what works it's about outcomes research it it's observational studies which clinical queries does not include and you can find that comparative effectiveness research under the topic specific queries link in PubMed PubMed health patient oriented systematic reviews and effectiveness it includes the full text of systematic reviews from partners with the National Library of Medicine it includes easy-to-read materials for the general public and it includes some items that are not in PubMed and it searches full text which PubMed does not search full text and finally systematic review they are a PubMed search filter not a publication type you can activate the systematic review filter in PubMed under article types so those are your four takeaways for the evidence-based medicine tools that we just looked at today thanks for watching this video was produced by the national network of libraries of medicines select the circular channel icon to subscribe to our channel select a video thumbnail to watch another video from the chin [Music]

Channel: Network of the National Library of Medicine [NNLM]

Views: 3,007

Rating: 5 out of 5

Keywords: Evidence Based Medicine, PubMed, Research, Clinical Trials, NTO, National Library of Medicine, NLM, National Network of Libraries of Medicine

Id: i2n6-3sGzc8

Length: 42min 45sec (2565 seconds)

Published: Fri Aug 04 2017