Panel on "Rediscovering the Importance of Biblical Languages for Faithful Ministry"

thank you for gathering this afternoon the topic of this conversation is the gospel and preaching with a special question about biblical languages and I've been looking forward to this conversation joining me is Tom Shriner of the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary Pete Williams of Tyndall house at Cambridge University the a Carson of course of Trinity Evangelical Divinity School i'm albert Mohler and we're gonna jump right into this by asking the question how new and unusual isn't that we would even ask the question about the necessity of biblical languages for an evangelical training to preach the word it depends on where in the world there has not been much education much opportunity much access and so on where there's lots of enthusiasm for gospel Proclamation without much much much ability much capacity many of the resources necessary but on the other hand in the Western world especially in those denominations and churches that have taken education seriously commitment to learn the biblical languages has traditionally been held very high amongst those who have a high view of Scripture where you don't have a high view of Scripture then there tends to be a running down of those kinds of things a few years ago I was I was speaking to a number of students at Yale University and I was reminded of the fact that m.div students at Yale 30% take Greek about 10% take Hebrew well a Trinity Greek as the prerequisite to get into place and everybody has to take Greek and Hebrew while they're there but it's partly a reflection I'm not denigrating the quality of education on many many friends at Yale but on this front I'm sure that our commitment to the truthfulness of Scripture is part of what drives us to push students to try to learn the scripture as God originally gave it I asked the question because looking at a review of seminary curriculum over the last say 80 years you'll notice probably more change in area than in any other and and the first change was more was required than before and then you look into the question and it's because students came with so much knowledge of Greek by the time they arrived at what would now be called seminary education and then from the period of about the 1930s to the 1970s everyone required at least all the the catalogs I was looking at between 15 and and 18 hours minimally in the bilkul languages and now you have in some schools Master of Divinity degrees in which there is an option to do a language degree or not and that I think tells something of a story but Don I think you're right where you find the greatest affirmation of the Bible is the inerrant infallible Word of God where you find the greatest interest in the text of Scripture and in expositional preaching you find a very strong concentration of concern for the biblical languages just a bit farther what you said on the way by there was also very important that is what people bring into the schools is has changed a great deal too it used to be that an awful lot of people getting ministerial training would have already had Latin and many of them Greek before they came and and partly it was because ministers came from an elite stratum of society and and so forth so so they learned those sorts of languages very early on and at Cambridge University until 1971 you have to have Latin to get in if you were studying anything and obviously those things have dropped down and dropped down and dropped down so that as a result there are not that many students who come to us with Greek and Latin before they walk in the doors and and so it's a multi-level thing it's not it's it's it's not just one issue I think following on from that that the issue of where people start is important in my office where I teach people I've got a hundred-year-old exam papers and I show them the Edinburgh BD from 1906 and how people were translating the various Creed's from Greek and they those translation from Latin and in into Hebrew and so on and I also have some examples for getting into Cambridge University as an 18 year old from that sort of a period and there are questions like the biblical literacy questions such as sketch draw a map and sketch the position of the 12 tribes of Israel and it's just that's one of the questions for an 18 year old or can use site Joe thens fable so it is interesting that you know there is this question of starting point now there's no point beating our brow about that we are where we are but it does mean that we need to think of training as being sometimes a longer process and more remedial on occasion Tom in terms of your experience in theological education is spanning three decades now in terms of a teacher and then experience as a student how would you see this issue is being framed and reframed in your experience well Justin I personal experience I think I experienced what Don was saying I was I was at one school where I saw the languages become less and less important as time passed and and I think it was linked with less interest in Scripture less interest in expositional preaching I think Luther was right when he said if we lose the languages we lose the gospel that the two are tied together and so it was it was a great joy I'm not here to advertise southern but it was a great joy to come to southern and see the the interest the paramount importance of the biblical languages stressed Tom I want to come back and say your quotation of Luther is not surprising to me but I don't think that should just be said as if it were axiomatic I think to say if we lose the languages we lose the gospel requires some defense of that assertion well I don't think he I don't think it means at least the way I would read it I don't think it means that each person individually has to know the languages but but I do think it means that an institution that begins to de-emphasize the languages will that who knows what the cause is simile of that but I but I think that the de-emphasis of the language shows something that's happening in the heart and mind of those in the institution and and I think American history bears us out perhaps other history as well where the languages are de-emphasis that's because there's a correspondingly less less interest in Scripture machen in defending the study of New Testament Greek made the argument that without a knowledge and New Testament Greek the preacher is completely dependent upon the skill of a translator and thus is at the very least at one remove from the text and I think that's a very cogent argument I think that's an argument that I have used I have found great success in one sense in using and speaking to young entering students saying why do we have to do this if so that you're not dependent upon a translator just as one line of argument because the only check of the translation is a knowledge of the original language I think that's true if I could say one other thing about this nevertheless I think an individual preacher may not know the languages and still be a faithful expositor I don't think that's good as a trend but but I think there are I know preachers out there now who don't know the languages and they're still faithful and good expositors I don't recommend that as a as a pattern but I think there are exceptions to play the devil's advocate it's it's worth remembering that Augustine who wrote in in Latin had poor Greek and no Hebrew so you must away these sorts of things in terms of trends and responsibilities and the culture not on the basis of an individual who is astonishingly gifted you you really want to word this carefully lest unless you give a false impression moreover really to play the devil's advocate I would say that if an institution preserves the languages that does not necessarily guarantee the preservation of the gospel because I could introduce you to many many universities in Europe which for years and years and years and years kept the languages and lost the gospel so it is a complex dynamic I think that's a very good point so if you'll play the devil's advocate I'll I'll just press the devil here for a moment and say you know the point you make and you made it very carefully you said we would not want to hold up a Gustin and then say because of his singular genius we would then follow him as an example anymore than we would say that Charles Spurgeon be an example of the lack of usefulness of theological education you know if you started out reading Puritans and your grandfather's attic at age four you might very well turn out to be a Charles Spurgeon I've never had an entering student who has had that background but in terms of Augustan just to make the point Agustin when he deals with the Old Testament is often dangerous precisely because he does not know the Hebrew and so if you look at a critical edition of Augusta and you'll notice there is more correction of Augusta in terms of his actual dealing with the text often and a lot of it not all of it is due to the fact that he really doesn't know Hebrew which also means he doesn't have a feel for the Semitic language in the Semitic form of literature agreed agreed agreed and one of the things that knowledge of the languages give you I mean most of our students are not going to learn languages well enough that they really are masters of either Greek or Hebrew but it they if they learn the language to a reading level to a reasonably comfortable reading level then they also will have access to better commentaries and better study guides and so on to to better papers and dictionaries and so forth because the better commentaries do use the languages so it's not just a but whether they can they can translate better than the translators of the ESV but it's it's whether they have access to discussions that are upgraded from merely popular level things and when you think of your vantage point there at Cambridge how much discussion is there within the University life there of the biblical languages well I mean currently four came to university everyone has to do a language if they're doing a theology degree it could be Sanskrit Arabic Hebrew or Greek or Latin and they have to do one ancient language so in other words it's a lot less than a typical seminary so I think there are different routes that people go but there is a tendency there not have such a strength in the languages in divinity of course there's lots of classics that goes on and people can study Aramaic because an undergraduate as I did so there are opportunities but I think there is a general correlation in many settings between lack of concern for Scripture and lack of desire to get really into the languages and perhaps one of the reasons why we see in evangelicalism a lack of concern for the languages is if you have a more pragmatic form of evangelicalism that is based in a sort of very business mindset and running how you know just just seeking to run great meetings the languages don't really seem to matter very much for doing church that way and so why would you bother very interesting discussion on this issue going back to the immediate post Revolutionary era in this country at Brown University the president was a Baptist preacher as was so often the case his name was Francis Weiland and Weiland was an ardent defender of a classical mode of education as the president of Brown University however he also was a Baptist and there was there was a need to get preachers into the frontier and so he rather straightforwardly said the church if it's going to be faithful it's going to have two classes of pastors those who are immediately ready to go and it's kind of like the just add water and stir here here are people here is a here's a boy behind a plow to use the example that he used already known then in church history to say God may call him and equipping to go and preach but as Whalen understood he said but Christianity and a lasting influence will require on that man being followed by a man who does have the classical training and can build deeper foundations and and and minister in a more comprehensive way as we saw that in French Canada as recently as 1972 in a population of six and a half million French speakers there were only 35 evangelical churches of any description and then between 72 and 80 we grew from 35 churches to almost 500 the growth was fantastic and none of those people had any languages and and you have young baby churches and you do what Paul did you start appointing elders in every place this church actually has some people that are 18 months old in Christ make an elder of them now that's not really good policy but on the other hand when that's all you've got that's that's where you start but nowadays they're producing people who go for their PhDs and they're beginning to train a new generation and so on otherwise I mean the excitement of the rapid growth pretty soon settles down into the danger of heresy and the the uncertainty of sloppy exposition and and so on and pretty soon you you really are clamoring for really good Bible teaching that is filling in the deficit of all of this and another it's not just class 1 and class 2 either but a whole stream of things when we have when we have students beyond maybe Greek which is a prerequisite of Trinity we we test them all and then we stream them into four or five six streams depending on how many students we've got and we fully realized that the bottom stream they're gonna get another year or two of Greek and they'll be able to handle lexico and and look upwards and you know fumble their way through a genitive absolute or whatever and and there will be others that will be absolutely first-class and could be writing commentaries and if there are several groups between them and you just have to recognize that there are different gifts and graces so again it's not as an insistence that every single Minister achieve a certain ideal standard the idea rather is that there be such a veneration for the Word of God that you take God seriously his word seriously in the languages in which he gave it such that there is a cultural denominational Christian ecclesiastical commitment to getting as much as you can for the up building of the whole church and and and then recognize that people have different gifts and graces Tom you've been at this as I said a long time and you have you've been at it long enough that some of your graduates are now situated in ministry and you've even visited with them in their churches so when you are teaching New Testament exegesis and when you're you're teaching Greek and you have the preacher who's going to be out there in the church in mind how do you actually expect he will use that Greek knowledge week by week in the preparation of his sermons well I agree with Don preachers are different they have different levels of skill different abilities so so I what I say to my students perhaps I'm not answering your question but what I say to the students if you've taken if you've taken a sufficient amount of Greek or Hebrew practically try to and I don't think this is a huge requirement see if you can spend five minutes a day five days a week keeping up your languages I if you do it will be amazing how much you will know that doesn't sound like a very big requirement it actually is a big requirement it takes a lot of discipline to do five minutes a day five days a week I actually started this in my own life in Hebrew just spending a few minutes a day and I've done this for twenty thirty years and my Hebrew has improved I don't teach Hebrew remarkably so I think that's one practical thing to say to preachers preachers have different abilities some can translate the text and deal with it well some can just use the tools and the commentaries one of the advantages of knowing the languages to pick up on what Don said again is being able to evaluate the commentaries being able to evaluate what is out there technically so you're not at the mercy of of an expert peak similarly in terms of the the work that is done there at Tyndall house and your observation of the entire field and also from a different geographical context does this conversation fit the churches that you know they are in Great Britain yes I think everyone needs to get really deeply into the word and the past the shepherd needs feed the sheep and I think in an increasingly education dominated world I mean more and more people have education to a higher level you know in terms of qualifications it's very hard for that person to feed people insights from the word which they couldn't have otherwise or to be able to control and say this is a good way of looking at things this isn't if they haven't got some further resource in terms of their ability to look in a deeper way so I do think that the Shepherd needs to be able to do that partly in order to be able to shoot down wrong ideas I mean if one of your congregants comes along and says you know I heard that such-and-such is what it really says and be able to say no that that isn't right to be able to use the commentaries to be able to follow theme words through and I think it doesn't matter some people won't get to the point where they're reading the Greek on its own don't be using lintel Ania or a Bible program that that's that's fine but just that they do want to follow things as closely as they can so they won't be looking at several english translations they'll be looking at the original and I think that's all part of a good preparation now just a little red meat out here in front of professor Carson who has identified so many exegetical fallacies everyone in the world is afraid actually to move to exegesis in front of him but that's it's called the gift of intimidation yes but to go at one of your central concerns concerning exegetical fallacies I'll tell you where I see the danger of an extremely superficial knowledge of the biblical languages is that all preachers have his word studies oh I agree with that 100% I'll go further I tell my students including red-meat yes yes yes what you succeeded you held own flag and I bid but I tell my students even my best students that if in the first 5 years of their ministry after leaving Trinity I hear them in any sermon say the Greek says I will personally throttle them because because the aim of studying the Greek is not to become a kind of priestly class that shuts you off from other people or talking down or whatever you do your study and then explain what words mean and so on but but even the little phrase the Greek says sounds slightly pompous and condescending moreover if a person does only Greek studies and they don't understand syntax they don't understand how sentences are put together they don't understand how paragraph is put together and so on and and all they do is work through a text and and look up this word and be dag and then we look up this word and be dag and then they say the literal meaning here is and then say say something that they pull out of be dag good grief they're doing more damage than good so Alexander Polk was right a little learning is a dangerous thing so part of getting a decent Greek education or Hebrew or whatever it is is is learning what you don't know and and the the best the best the pastors who use the languages are careful about parading that knowledge and then after you've been in the ministry for for 40 years like John Piper if he wants to say as he did yesterday he wants to make a big concern of Asheville ion in the introduction of Luke god bless him I won't throttle him but on the other hand and in the first five years they deserved throttling it consider yourselves warned lest thou likewise be throttled in terms of what we're talking about here though there's a there's a different point that I think is is evident in many of those who founded the the theological institutions we know today and we're a part of the discussion in which the Greek language especially along with Latin was prerequisite James Pettigrew voice when Southern Seminary was established he gave an address in 1856 entitled three changes in theological institutions and one of the ones he mentioned was that in order to get into one of the theological seminaries such as Princeton or or a similar school one had to have 12 years of Latin and 10 years of classical Greek and he made the point thus not one of the twelve disciples could have been admitted to one of the theological seminaries in the United States but but you know later in John a Broadus there's another very interesting argument that I think is really helpful which he said remember you're not actually studying a language to study a language you're studying language to study a text and and the text is the issue and I think that's one of the dangers in this discussion people here is talking about languages as if linguistics is our main concern it is the knowledge of the text that is our main concern you want elaborate on that or I mean well I certainly want to say that that's why the languages are important because pastors want to focus on Scripture and and there's so much to read today and there's so much out there that is helpful and illuminating but the focus the foundation the emphasis must be on Scripture studying scripture meditating on Scripture and I think that includes the languages having a discipline to focus on the languages there's exceptions certainly but I think it's the focus of a evangelical pastoral ministry my dad had the equivalent of a bth but at a time when a bth gave you three years of Greek and two years of Hebrew and he was a church planter in French Canada and he kept sporadic Diaries all his life I used them when I wrote the little book for marzo an ordinary pastor but as I read through his Diaries what's so interesting is the he he quotes the Bible constantly usually from memory and when he's quit when he's writing in English he wrote his diary partly in English partly in French then he quote the King James Version that's what was used then and then he when he was quoting in French then he used the Louisa Gong which which was what was used then but often when he was quoting scripture he might use those languages but he he might quote in Greek and sometimes in Hebrew I have a lovely passage from when he was about 78 my mother had died and he was on his own again and he was preaching again and he has this long passage that he's quoted from memory I can tell because he's got a few few errors in it that he's quoted from first John in in in in in in Greek and his mind is so full of Scripture from a pretty humble background but he was so much committed to the word that that it stamped him and that's that's what you want to get you you want you want to get this this lifelong commitment to the word he would never become a linguistic expert but he loved the Bible let me tell you what life is like as a seminary president is this relevant yeah it is fairly asked but yes I think in this case when I meet with the New Testament faculty they tell me there's not nearly enough New Testament in the curriculum I mean hey men I meet with it I meet with the church history faculty there's not nearly enough how can you expect anyone can understand anything with just X number of hours of church history I go department by department and we've got a 635 our Master of Divinity degree and I could I could justify that in a world in which I could have people for 12 years but nonetheless so this is a dangerous question but all three of you teach in this area for someone to receive a standard theology degree such as the Master of Divinity degree how many hours and the biblical languages should be minimally expected I let go in a very different way which is in Britain we don't count ours I don't even know what your hours means I really don't I would want to know how much of the text has someone read and I would have thought that if someone's going to go out and be using this later I want them to have read several books of the New Testament in Greek in several books of the Old Testament in in Hebrew so I like to look at the quantity of text read to me that and that's that's the major index because if they spent lots of time memorizing vocabulary that maybe not very useful I think there's a lot of things that could be said in this regard but in my mind it depends what the student wants to do if we're talking about the pastor and we have different students doing different things if we're talking about the pastor I think I mean our requirement is at least two exegesis court a beginning Greek and then the course thereafter I think that's the minimum although it it wouldn't meet the requirement you just stated I mean they wouldn't have read through several books at that point but I think even after they've had those two courses if they keep at it they could begin to read through books of the New Testament I think that's gonna be more difficult the more the more courses you've had in seminary the more you'll be able to use it thereafter this is I live for nine years in Britain so it's a really amusing to hear this I mean when you start counting hours you have to decide semester hours versus quarter hours which is what they have over there alone I'll call them quarters they call them terms and in any case if you start counting years then there's a different philosophy and education by and large British education teaching Greek works you through texts pretty hard pretty fast but it does not teach rigorous exegesis over here we tend to teach pretty rigorous exegesis but without working through enough text and you at some point you want to say a plague on both your houses add some more hours mr. president but but wonder this conversation always in the buck stops there but one of the ways of getting around at least we try to get around it a Trinity besides the the minimum m.div courses that are that are needed we push as many students as possible to taking more courses that is not only advanced Greek grammar courses and things like that but we have rapid reading courses where where students are set to work through certain biblical texts and then come in one-on-one with you and for half an hour just sit down and and read through three chapters of Romans and and I throw it questions at them what does this mean what is that without detail detail laxity and less you gradually build up a quantity of biblical text that begins to to meet the kind of demands that the british-style gives but they've already had a year or two of exegesis that's the ideal in my view I don't think ministers do a good job of keeping up their languages unless they get to a certain level of enjoyable reading competence I don't think that they will at least not many of them and if every use of the language is a real pain a real strain in your your your fumbling your way through using the basic tools it's it's hard to be disciplined in doing it they found the other hand you follow what Tom said rightly you you devote yourself just reading a few minutes a day you can you can work through the whole Greek New Testament pretty I had a couple of years of classical Greek before I started reading the New Testament and when I finished seminary in the first two years of my ministry I worked through the entire Greek New Testament on my own with a wide margin with endless notes in the margin and so on in the old DHBs versions you know and and and and that that that has stood me in huge stead just from having worked through the text and and and and and you have to become comfortable in order to enjoy it and once you enjoy you'll never lose it the perfect as we know is the enemy of the good in many of these decisions and the master divinity though hardly perfect is is is at least a basic degree that says this much at least has been learned and that's the expectation or at least taught and then but you mentioned what you do a Trinity and kind of streamlining people into different tracks we do the same thing with the biblical and Theological studies track but that means that that student who is going to give himself to so much more in terms of extra tentacle and theological work is basically going to have no electives in a 90 something hour degree so I think that's the reason why I would encourage students when they enter to to go for what you can't get anywhere else and that's kind of my honest assessment I want to tell students look there are certain things taught here you're gonna have a great deal of difficulty learning on your own and I would say the languages are at the top of that list and so if I'm thinking of the stewardship of a seminary education I will tell you we can't teach everything you're gonna need to know and you will die without knowing everything you need to know but there are things you can teach yourself and be taught by others by means of things other than classroom experience with a far greater facility then it's true of the languages and so my my strong endorsement is take as much as you can and if you have to leave some other things off as electives take those later hey Ben and amen I think I'd also like to just add don't look down on interlinear sand you know the various bible software that helped you just read cuz i started reading the week new testament using a mint Alinea I mean I was privileged to be able to do Greek it's high school but the point is when I when I started reading he just worked through and then you realize what's the most common what's the most frequent you get to know that fairly soon and I'd say with with the Greek and Hebrew reading courses get reading the text straightaway I think that's one of the things Bible mesh that's very well getting you reading text straight away but not to start doing ten chapters of grammar before you read the text so when I teach Hebrew at Cambridge they do Genesis 1:1 in the first lesson I think one of the other things we need to recognize that you just point out is that there's really no excuse for not having the tools I was gonna be my iPad up here it's out of reach right now but on various platforms you now have access to what would previously take rooms and a library and not only that when I'm working through these things I'll be honest I like books I'd like to be surrounded by codices I like hands-on paper but I find that I get so much more done just in terms of utility in a lot of the language work simply by using lexical and other things online that I am able to do and even just the physicality of not having to move things around on my desk all the sudden that's right there so I think there's a privileged position we're in we need to recognize in terms of access to so many of these tools I still want to argue for books I so think long term the books will be your friends and companions for a lifelong ministry but I do think we need to be thankful for these other things that are giving us enormous tools and and quite honestly I can't take that library on a plane but if I have a question and I'm reading the text I can pull out and and quickly check something in terms of the languages in a way that I couldn't when I started in this or all 20 years ago moreover people who are younger than you and I well I just have a natural gravity toward the toward the electronic media you know even if we use the electronic media constantly and and I do yet nevertheless they just gravitate there the books are secondary that's that's the way it's going for better and for worse but that's the way it's going and so we need we need to teach people how to use those things to Andrew Delbanco at Columbia in the New Republic this week said that when you take the digital natives and you separate them from their digital media it as it is as if you have imprisoned them in solitary confinement whether was there just as restive there there there was a check made of grade 12 high school students at Libertyville high school the town where I live recently and it was discovered that none of them knew how to address an envelope and when you stop to think about it they're all in the social media or they send emails and then they don't write letters what's a letter you know or if they might know what a letter is they don't know what an envelope is so this is a strange world we're entering here and and what kind of remedial work one has to do about that sort of thing I'll leave for others to judge but that's the right word to think of here as we kind of come to a conclusion you use the word remedial so let's assume that we need to speak to the pastor who's actually in the field is actually involved week by week and teaching and preaching at least one message a week maybe multiple messages and he now says I really wish I'd taken more Greek in Hebrew what would you what do you say to him now go down the line to Tom you first well I think I think he could use some of the tools and and I think something like Bible works and accordance depending on what computer they have would be helpful again you just have to start small start start where you are work at it bit by bit thank God for what you know do your best you're not going to get to the place where someone knows it very well but I think just start where you are and do your best I would say very similar things I think there are questions about Greek and Hebrew that could I'm sure flummox the panel here you can you could focus on one of those languages and be a real expert in Greek and still be out of your depth on certain questions so you can never know everything but that doesn't mean you can't know anything and I think that there are two disciplines which any pastor should have in terms of regular reading of the Bible and regular preparation of sermons and why not build in a little bit of language into those you know don't don't set yourself too high a target but a realistic target just to use a little bit more using some of the electronic tools or interlinear that there are to to look more things up and gradually as you read more and the other thing is as you memorize you know that what David Klein's who I wouldn't agree with on everything when he was teaching he would often get people to begin by memorizing Psalm 23 in Hebrew that was the first thing you did would you I think it's not not a bad start actually to get some of the scripture in your head said so start with some small portions of Scripture in Greek and Hebrew and just commit them to memory say the word portion one more time portion that's a small portion of Scripture not a small potion of Scripture there's some interpretation here thank you so much food rather drinks deeply of the Word of God total agreement with what's been said so far there are other things that can be done depending on where you are who you are what kind of personality you've got I know a pastor in Virginia for example who wanted to improve his Hebrew and also wanted to do we evangelize 'im so he went to a new Orthodox rabbi that had just moved into town and asked him to to work with through Hebrew text with him at the same they became bosom friends and and with wonderful evangelism opportunities and so on well this other chap was teaching him Hebrew improving his Hebrew or if you live nearby with another pastor who who likewise has concerns to improve his Greek you you can you can form a little Club coffee at Starbucks once a week where you spend an hour working through texts that you've been studying together in the week and that way there's a sort of accountability thing built into it there are a lot of things you can do if you have a little imagination the most important factor is this nothing gets done unless you prioritize time for it even if it's only a little time and and the minister's job is so open-ended you never ever come to an end of it and therefore whether or not you improve in any of these areas it always boils down without exception it boils down to priorities choices without exception Paul's exhortation to Timothy was that Timothy must study to show himself approved a workman who needs not to be ashamed rightly dividing the word of truth and that is only Paul to Timothy that is the Holy Spirit to every one of us who would teach and preach the Word of God I think you can look at that very quickly and understand that there are a few things in life that could compare in terms of sheer dangerous nature with the preaching of the word of God to get this wrong is so deadly to to treat this and study this superficially is so malignant so at the very least perhaps one way we could end of this discussion is by saying that a knowledge of the biblical languages that will bear so much positive fruit perhaps my best and this last word be considered as one very important way to be less dangerous as a preacher of the Word of God I think we need preachers who are dangerous in all the right ways and in none of the wrong ways thanks to Bible mesh and do all for hosting this and thanks to you for coming god bless you

Channel: BibleMesh

Views: 7,396

Rating: 4.826087 out of 5

Keywords: Albert Mohler, D.A. Carson, Tom Schreiner, Peter Williams, Gospel Coalition, Biblical Languages, Greek, Hebrew

Id: -5jTtbXKvxA

Length: 40min 2sec (2402 seconds)

Published: Fri Dec 06 2013