We knew there was a connection... Was very quiet. I was not even 19. We were young and thought of Sundays, more than anything else. We were talking about soccer
because we were both in the team who played the next day. We had no goal-keeper. He had broken his leg 2 weeks before. His leg was in a cast and we discussed
who was to replace him. And we talked and talked. ORADOUR, A MASSACRE REVISITED What was the talk about
on 10 June 44 in ORADOUR-sur-Glane? They discussed the oncoming game, the recent landing of the Allies or whether to take to the maquis. The Occupation didn't seem
to cause too much suffering. Yet, the village sheltered
many refugees, from Lorraine, Alsace and Spain, there were French, Polish, Hungarian
and German Jews. You didn't see German troops there. About 2 pm, the 3rd company
from Der Fuhrer regiment, a unit from the armoured division
Das Reich, entered this village. We didn't know they were
in the South of France and that they carried out
retaliation. I didn't even know the SS existed. For me, they were just Germans. We didn't know.
We heard about it later. A few hours later, over 600 men, women and children
were killed and burnt: nearly half the village population. The men in houses,
women and children in the church. The killing was sudden, brutal
and unique in Western Europe, making ORADOUR a martyr village,
a mystery still unexplained today. Haunting questions:
was the killing due to chance, an advancing unit's terrible mistake? What did the killers want?
Why that village? The ORADOUR case is not closed. THE BACKGROUND The famous SS division Das Reich, when it arrived in France
in February 44, had been retreating for 6 months, since Summer 43, engaged in delaying combat
following the Karkhov defeat. It was a long retreating march by this badly decimated unit. When it arrived in France,
it had lost 213 of its officers and half its non-commissioned
officers. Then it was given fresh men, fresh blood, new recruits enrolled not only in Germany, within the Nazi Reich's limits, but also in annexed territories
around the Reich. These men included French Alsatians
enrolled by force. The SS school taught Nazi ideology and violence. Boundless violence. A flashback is necessary. Files of "war crimes",
committed in the region, have recently been released. Serial killings signed: Das Reich. It was a massacre. What can I say? There was no discrimination between those involved in the conflict
and the others. Killing children
necessarily means killing non-involved persons. And this was done on a large scale
in ORADOUR. Like the little girl here,
killed... in her cradle. That's what, I think, is still overpowering. It is not the number which is overpowering or meaningful. It's the fact that they recklessly
killed civilians for want of the Resistants. Almost invariably: one victim here,
three there, etc. It seems you can follow
a trail of blood, step by step. It is clear that although the order
was not strictly written, the troops knew what they had to do when ordered to patrol a place in such and such an area. Das Reich: marching killers,
allegedly obeying orders, invent an excuse each time
for frightful missions. These documents show orders, they show that the SS were often
tipped off by informers, as in classic organised crime: violence and the law of silence. Edifying testimonies by those
interviewed after the war. In this action,
6 war prisoners were shot, farms were burnt,
a whole family was burnt. Tell us about these deeds. I know nothing.
I was not interested. I didn't see or hear anything. Your battalion committed this
in April-June 44. What about it? I don't know those places. I've never heard of all this. This was repeated many times, which explains the number of victims. There were repeated acts
before ORADOUR. Frayssinet-le-Gelat
is in the archives. Women and children
were gathered in the church. ORADOUR wasn't a chance killing. A troubling photo. Frayssinet-le-Gelat.
The same unit as in ORADOUR. 3rd company, 1st battalion,
Der Fuhrer regiment. A similar place. Main street, the church. 3 women hanged, one shot.
11 men executed. Plunder. Arson. 21 May 1944. 8 June, part of the division
arrived in Limousin. On the 9th, first retaliation
for attacking a German garrison: Tulle, 100 km south of Limoges. 99 men hanged, raids and deportation
of about 100 people. CHASE THE HUNS OUT The maquis was active here and for the SS,
the enemy was everywhere. Everyone was an enemy. On the night of the 9th,
an order came: Go to the Normandy front. But first, there was a mission
to fulfill. Strike even harder. The troops based in the region
at the time received a central order. I quote from memory: "In these band-infested regions, "the civilians must learn "not to help the terrorists. "Force will be used in all operations "to teach the inhabitants,
i.e. the civilians, "they must not support the maquis. "There are orders from the Wehrmacht "which give the division liberty
to commit such a massacre." Total liberty for Das Reich.
A place had to be selected. In ORADOUR, how could M. Machefer know his village had only a few hours
to live? That he would escape the tragedy? That he'd lose his wife
and 2 children? That Sarah Jacobowicz, a Jewish girl hidden in his house
would die? These faces prompt Hervé,
his son born some years later, to question the past. How and why this village? This is the quest
of this former policeman. PREMEDITATION This house was occupied
by the militia in 1944. Inside, a meeting of the militia took place on 9 June, at 9 pm. The president was Filliol,
head of the Limoges militia. During this meeting, Filliol announced a decision with tragic consequences for ORADOUR. Filliol said: "A German division is in the region
and it will carry out an action." This man was not just anybody. A terrorist and extreme-right killer
before the war, then a collaborator
and intelligence specialist. Sentenced to death, he fled to Franco's Spain,
after the war. We know of this meeting and the announcement
through a participant called Davoine, a militiamen. He was an inspector
for Jewish matters. He had fought
under Darnan's orders in 1940 and was at the meeting. Another meeting was held the next day at 9 am, at the central hotel, the division's headquarters. The militiamen were present. Was ORADOUR mentioned then?
Maybe. But the role of French collaborators in planning the massacre was never fully investigated. An example of a failing justice. These meetings did take place. This sheer fact shows they were important
for those holding them. When Filliol told the militiamen the division was there
and getting ready for action, the operation was truly on the way. The next day, he sent his men,
Davoine included, to the Das Fuhrer division's
headquarters to make decisions. They also met in Saint-Junien
to make a decision. They didn't meet for nothing but we don't know the details
of the decisions they took. They had a 3rd meeting
later, on Saturday morning in a hotel in Saint-Junien, about 10 km west of Limoges, where the battalion was ordered
to launch a terror attack. SS Adolf Diekmann was in command
of the battalion. Das Reich's officers and a Limoges
Gestapo officer were there. No small fry. Here is the proof that ORADOUR
was mentioned then: only one document in France
shows that the target was chosen: the questioning of a collaborator
and Gestapo translator. Limoges, 10 September 1944. I didn't tell you all the truth. I was afraid.
I hid certain facts. On arrival in Saint-Junien, Gestapo Lieutenant Kleist took orders at the SS headquarters. When he came back,
he said the SS Commander intended to take 40 hostages
in ORADOUR-sur-Glane. It is ascertained today. On 10 June 1944,
the SS went to ORADOUR. For hostages? After the war,
several SS officers said it was the reason for the operation. Or to rescue a soldier
taken by the maquis the day before, miles away from ORADOUR. Or because Germans were killed there. Or some other nonsense. Lies! Sheer lies! No SS was hanged in ORADOUR.
No lieutenant escaped, of course. But it shows that from now on, the SS produced... not an explanation or excuse, but they hinted
that going to ORADOUR was fully justified. We can see that
even before setting forth, an attitude will constantly reoccur afterwards: an excuse for reprisal. It's strange for men who reduced places to ashes and slaughtered people. They still felt the need to say: "we had a reason to do it. "We wouldn't have done it otherwise." They needed to invent a story
to justify their own. MURDER Suddenly, 2 Germans came
into the house by the back door and pointed their guns at us:
"Raus, raus!". We took our papers and went out. We saw people, neighbours
who were outside and asked questions too. "What's up? What do they want?" "Why? Do you know?" We didn't. Everybody was there. They gathered us and took us
to the fairgrounds. But nobody panicked. For instance, my mother and my wife greeted the people who lived
on the other side of the village and whom we didn't see very often. "Hello, how are you?
You know what's going on?" I left my wife and my mother there and I joined some mates
from the soccer team. We talked about our sick goal-keeper. I heard the pastry-cook ask a guard permission to go and check the cakes he'd put in the oven. "Can I go and check my cakes? "Otherwise they'll burn." The guard answered in French,
with an accent: "We'll take care of your cakes." They were not only after men
and women. The SS also burst into the schools, ordering children and teachers
to go out and join those
who were already gathered. I can still see the kids in rows, led by their teachers. Nice and orderly. Women and children were placed on one side
and men on the other. Then the women were taken away.
I can't remember how... I saw the women go with the kids towards the church. I didn't know if they were
going inside. I didn't wonder. They were going, that was all. We were alone on that square. Silence, a deadly silence. How could they know the Nazis, when preparing a mass execution, nearly always used the same method? One used many times
in the East as shown in this miserable
propaganda film. First the people are gathered. Then, the men are separated
from the women and children. A last thing made us feel confident. They said: "There's a weapon or ammunition cache
in the village. "We'll search the place "then those who are not involved
will be released." It was all prepared. "Get into the barns "to be guarded "while we search ORADOUR.
We'll find the cache." We looked at each other,
because we believed them, thinking:
"You won't find anything." Split into groups, the men were locked in. Robert, Marcel and dozens of others were in the same barn. We were watching them. One of them swept the floor
before putting down his machine-gun. He was calm and quiet. He lay down
and positioned it carefully. We watched and said:
"Hey! Are you mad?" We were still joking. Then Joseph said:
"They're going to kill us! "Murder us!" "Joseph! You're crazy!" "No! I heard them! "They'll kill us!" "Stop now, Joseph.
This is nonsense!" They had come to kill.
Everyone without exception, as confirmed by 2 officers
who witnessed the slaughter. Dortmund, 13 December 1962. Deposition by ex SS Otto Kahn,
head of 3rd company. An orderly asked me to take orders
from Commander Diekmann. Diekmann said he had orders to burn
and destroy the village of ORADOUR. East Berlin, 12 January 1982. Deposition by sub-lieutenant
SS Heinz Barth. We were to shoot the people
and destroy the village. The order was normal and I received it
as any other orders. 15 or maybe 30 minutes later,
I don't know, from outside, there was an explosion and an order was given
inside the barn. It was a yell, rather. And they shot. The guns flashed. There was a scream. I thought: What did I say?
What did... What was... What could my reaction be then? Why on earth did I scream? I probably said: "They are mad!" They were not mad. Just carrying out a mission. How could people in ORADOUR know,
on 10 June 1944, that the same had happened
in Czechoslovakia? In 1942, on 10 June. The village is named Lidice. A reprisal operation. Systematic destruction. Population slaughtered. This time,
the killers filmed their work which ended by the destruction of the church. Suddenly... Silence... Who gave the order?
I don't know, I didn't hear. But I am sure I heard them talk to one another, in a low voice,
they whispered to each other. We heard them come to us. I heard their steps. A meter away from me, about a meter and a half, there was the characteristic sound of a breechblock being pulled back,
"click", to push the bullet
into the breech. And then a shot, a loud shot, very close to me,
"Bang". And it went on,
clicks and shots. Firing the coup de grâce. I thought it was for me
but it wasn't. My friend Joseph,
the hair-dresser, got it. He collapsed on me. I grabbed a hand. We were standing close together, we didn't move and kept quiet. I thought: "I'm not alone,
another one is alive." I didn't think I'd die. I didn't think I could die. That I could die at that moment. A friend in front said: "Here they come!" And they were coming back. Coming back
to set fire to the barn. Then the flames reached me. I tried to protect myself,
crouching under the others. I tried to crouch under the others. But I soon had to make a choice. Then I thought I was going to die. My hair and my face were burnt, and my shoulder got very burnt. It was extremely painful. More painful than a shot which is painless at first. But a burn is horrible. I pulled myself free and stood on the side. There were 5 of us looking at that pile of burnt bodies. Nearly 200 men died in that barn and other torture places. Robert, Marcel and a few others
managed to reach another barn and hid in the attic
for a short while. The SS burnt all the houses. Then, with Mr Darthout... We had to leave.
The flames were close to our heads. We had to cross the square but didn't know the situation
on the other side. So we discussed to guess
what was going on across the square. Then, Robert said: "Marcel, I'm going too. "What about you?" "Don't worry, I'll manage. "I'll crawl on my elbows.
I'll be all right." Robert went out and I did what I had planned to do. Robert fled the village. Marcel, seriously injured,
crawled to a bush and hid. ORADOUR was aflame. They thought women
and children were safe. For Robert,
a mother and 2 sisters. For Marcel,
a mother and a wife. The killing went on. After the men,
the SS dealt with some 400 women, children and babies
locked in the church for hours. Sheer horror. For the SS, this was just an exercise for the young recruits, including the 20 Alsatians
of the company. At least one of them said he understood. During an audition,
he said to a police investigator, it was his first time. They had had no baptism of fire. He said he felt as if he was drunk without drinking. I think that
this kind of drunkenness is a state provoked by... I'd say, sound and fury.
It's true: blood, the smell of blood, explosions, the shooting, the people's screams, what they saw, the bodies...
I think those boys of 17 or 18 saw what they shouldn't have seen. They heard
what they shouldn't have heard. From the building, we heard women and children scream. They made us face the church
to see its destruction. We were ordered to stand to attention. They set it alight,
we could still hear the screams. We stayed till the roof collapsed. I asked an SS
if there were Alsatians inside, since I knew Alsatian refugees
were in the region. There was one in the church. She wanted to talk to Capt Kahn but he refused to see her. He said there should be no survivor so there would be no witness. In the church, the carnage was raging. Machine-guns, grenades, asphyxiating gas, fire, bombs. Only one survivor managed
to escape by a window: Marguerite Rouffrance,
who died in 1988. The Germans brought a box in, a huge box, with electric wires poking out. A while later, smoke came out and asphyxiated us. We couldn't see inside the church, people panicked and screamed because of the shooting. When I saw the flames,
I ran to the sacristy to hide behind the altar. I found a stepladder,
I climbed up it and threw myself out of the window. By chance, I didn't break any bone and fled to the presbytery garden. Then I was hit by 5 shots
from a machine-gun. I stayed there till Sunday evening when farmers came to fetch me
with a wheelbarrow. It took only a few hours to kill, plunder and burn ORADOUR methodically. Few hours to eradicate the past, ruin the present
and destroy the future. At dusk, most of the company
left for Nieul, a few miles north-east of ORADOUR. A sordid symbol:
they were stationed in a school requisitioned by the SS
the day before. Questioned a few months later, some people from Nieul remember: Alsatian soldiers seemed shocked
by those barbarian acts. We didn't know
about the horror of ORADOUR. They were very affected. Some were ashamed and resented having to take part in the killing. We saw 2 young men standing apart. They had tears on their faces. I didn't know why they grieved. The Waffen SS in ORADOUR, set up an initiation, a ritual, the core of which was blood, for the very young recruits
aged 17 and 18. This pact of blood
was to integrate them, no offence meant, but I'd rather use the word incorporation, this rite was to incorporate them
into the SS community which was based on 2 main elements: blood and violence. And a lie. Once again. Made up immediately after. I'll read the beginning
of the legend. "I remember the commander gathered "Captain Kahn
and all the other officers "after the ORADOUR operation "and told us what
the official version would be "to hide the truth..." The instruction itself was a lie: "The Resistants attacked the company. "During the fight, people were killed "and buildings were burnt." A lie had already been made up
before setting for ORADOUR. The SS invented another one that night while the horror continued in ORADOUR. A section stayed in the village,
having a feast. Sentries were posted.
Nobody was to get in. Not yet. I heard all the sounds of ORADOUR. The sound of the fire. Dreadful! Horrible! The tiles fell
and smashed to the ground. They clattered like a machine-gun. I also remember "Bam!". It was the beams collapsing. I heard the cows.
They had no order to kill them. Just the women, children and men. I recall, in the evening, I heard a woman scream, a scream, I remember. Then, nothing. I didn't hear the shot
that killed her. But I know she was shot. She'd just arrived in ORADOUR. She was coming here to see
how her children were. She was here to fetch them. They let her in and when she walked 50 or 60 m, they killed her. Another unit took over to bury the bodies together, to prevent identification. More horror and spoilt mourning. A question of method, again. The SS left only on Monday. A report from Das Reich,
the following day: We searched the place
and burnt it down... Operation result: 548 dead enemies. The enemies of Das Reich... Shortly after the slaughter, the French authorities reported
642 deaths. The whole region was shocked... as this rare film shows. The first images of the "after"... In September 1944, the FTP and the villagers
paid a tribute to a victim. Sarah Jacobowicz. Her parents,
hunted by the militia, had hidden her at the Machefers'. The village looked safe. Sarah's father grieved like hundreds of parents
who lost one or several children. Families who must live "with it". Why us, why our children? Why did those assassins descend on us? Puzzlement and dizziness, transmitted from one generation
to another. Unwillingly
and whatever you may think, even if you resist it, they are in our memory
and Oradour's history. It's hard for me to accept it
but they are part of it. It bugs me but they're part of it. Part of me and it is very painful. Those who slaughtered ORADOUR that day are a part of what I am. I'm here because of them. Without them,
my father's wife would have survived. I may not have been born. But he remarried
with a war widow who gave birth to my sister and I. I owe life to the torturer. It's hard to accept. Very hard. We can't forget the bastards
who sentenced ORADOUR to death. General SS Lammerding
in command of Das Reich and his deputy SS Sylvester Stadler, head of regiment Der Fuhrer. Their and their henchmen's crime
will remain unpunished. West-German justice
didn't really try to clarify the legal, concrete
and historical causes of the slaughter. Instead, it relied
on the perpetrators' depositions and exonerated them on that basis. Another failure of justice. To avoid post-war legal actions, they lied, as usual. They said they knew about ORADOUR, which justice should have considered, given the division's criminal past. They also talked of a "mistake"
and blamed one man. He supervised the operation.
Adolf Diekmann, killed in Normandy,
a few weeks after the slaughter. An ideal dead. They had the incredible nerve to blame the one man who died shortly after, Commander Diekmann. His name is not the point but they held the dead man
responsible for everything... that happened in ORADOUR. They used the dead man. Not only did he kill ORADOUR, but he took away
the answer with him. ORADOUR was a target. The order was to destroy it. But why come here? Nobody can answer this question.
One can only guess. Were the SS told by collaborators
that refugees, Jews and communists were in ORADOUR? Impossible to know. ORADOUR is between Saint-Junien, where the unit was on the morning
of 10 June, and Nieul, where it must gather
that night. Is this a reason? Were the SS told that the village was easy to take? Maybe. The only sure thing
is that we don't know. Objective reasons may not satisfy a person
who suffered such horror. They may be intellectually adequate but they won't solve the mystery:
why did this happen to me? We won't know. I can study the documents and consider some elements which can satisfy the mind. Das Reich wants an example. It uses its troops to achieve it. It did the same elsewhere. But as they were leaving, they wanted to strike even harder. If they had had more time, this may not have happened. There would have been smaller raids. But time was short before leaving. They were not in transit, on their way to Normandy. They went there,
after the ORADOUR operation. On a purely intellectual basis,
they had one day left, and that day had to be
a very hard one. This could be an explanation. But if you say this to a woman who lost her husband and had one daughter, her raison d'être,
she won't understand. You can't tell a person
who only lives... You can't give the mother
of an 11 year-old daughter that sort of reasons which have ruined her life. She won't be able to comprehend. She will sleep with grief
caused by incomprehension. To be deprived of the truth and feel the injustice. INJUSTICE Bordeaux Military Court, 1953. Justice shines, once again. In a shamefully small court: the trial of the massacre,
9 years later. For what results? No SS officers among the accused. 7 Germans. 14 Alsatians,
including 13 forced to fight. 13 men who denied a criminal attitude. They had seen nothing,
knew nothing and didn't understand. Don't tell me
this was a normal attitude. They had been briefed beforehand: "Don't say a word!" "You remember nothing. You act silly." They did act silly. That's my impression. My client is no torturer. He was in the company in ORADOUR
but he's no killer. That's the plea
of the Alsatians' lawyers defending those enrolled by force. Why did I decide to defend one or two charged soldiers? I'll tell you why.
We knew that Alsatian men had been forced to enroll in the Das Reich division, the perpetrators of the ORADOUR crime. We supposed, we understood that some of them could be involved. I took the liberty, at the time, to tell some political leaders that such a trial would jeopardise the national unity,
the country's solidarity and the situation of Alsace
within the French State. Alsace was in a turmoil and voiced its anger. It felt humiliated by the trial and as a defense,
used its own drama the forced enrollment of its men. All the Alsatians were affected. By chance, only 13 of them
were sent to ORADOUR. Obviously, the forced enrollment
was a tragedy because every family had a wounded or dead relative. So you cannot simply say it was not
a local or regional problem. Consequently, if we all feel
sympathy and grief, we are naturally shocked
about ORADOUR. But it is also painful to see that our tragedy is forgotten, our 130 000 dead are erased
by the ORADOUR martyrs. Some felt incomprehension, the others, from ORADOUR,
want justice. Incomprehension, again. It was a military trial. But when you are in court as a victim
and you've lost your family, your friends
and all the people in your village, your property, and you can't even say
you're distressed, that's the way it was, it's a little hard to take. A sorry trial and poor results. Weeks of debate
and political conflict: the accused were sentenced and, to pacify Alsace, the forced recruits
were granted amnesty. It makes me think of something professionally incomplete. Something which didn't reach its end. With my colleagues, we gave the best we could and we have a feeling of failure. And we feel, including myself, since I was still working
until a few days ago, I have the unrelenting feeling
that my mission hasn't been fulfilled. Many things could have been avoided
in Bordeaux. First, the feeling
would have been different in Paris. Then, the Bordeaux trial
was supposed to judge Germany in the first place, not the underlings who were
unwillingly involved in the story. So if you'd had
a distinct trial in Paris, the situation
would have been clarified. Mixing things created ambiguity and it's not the Alsatians' fault. The feeling of injustice
shared by 2 regions was bitter. Alsace felt
it was the main party accused Limousin felt abandoned and despised. Two French regions condemned
to quarrel for years, and feel rancour even today. The perverse effect of this crime
raised smiles in Germany. The problem was there: The impunity of those really at fault. The men with no honour,
filmed in the 70s when they met
as former das Reich soldiers. Let me say something about what the press and the public
blame us for. I'm talking about ORADOUR
and Tulle... The ORADOUR and Tulle operations were in reaction
to the French Resistance attacks. Unrepentant words spat out
by men in a suit. Why bother?
They'll never be punished. French extradition requests were vain. Germany was inefficient, with long procedures
which condemned nobody. But something else shows how a killer can quietly
turn the page. Das Reich ex-officer Lammerding, now a honest businessman, naively mentioned in an audition,
in 1962, that he had once exceeded
the speed limit. And then: during the Cold War,
former SS officers were useful to one or the other
of the occupying forces. My lawyer talked to the Americans. I was to stay in their zone,
as they refused extradition. They let me come back to Dusseldorf at the end of October 1954. The British didn't show
any interest in my activities. In the Russian zone, which became East-Germany... Lieutenant SS Barth came back home to Gransee and became a good citizen. East-Berlin, 1983. Barth's trial, ex-Nazi,
now perfect communist. The only SS officer to be condemned. We were treated like kids. Manipulated. We were part of a plot. I felt it from the start.
I remember. Remember, it was the Cold War. The Russians had their missiles
over there, aimed at Germany. The Americans wanted to put
their missiles in front. Remember the scandal it caused? The Russians said:
"We're just nice friendly guys. "It's just for the clogs to piss on. "We mean no harm, no harm at all. "You see, we found a guy
who was at ORADOUR. "We'll judge him." We went over there. I've never been so spoiled by so many VIPs. The ambassador welcomed us and then drove us everywhere. I said:
"What the hell is going on?" Manipulation. - What about Heinz Barth?
- Heinz Barth? The Kraut? That low-ranking officer?
Sorry bastard. I asked him... if he could sleep at night, have a sound sleep since then. He smiled but said nothing. I was shocked there were survivors from that village. Because we took it for granted they would be no survivors... Did you think:
"My God, someone survived?" Honestly, I didn't. Not then, to be honest. ORADOUR, martyr village. A symbol of Nazi savagery. Yes. Also a symbol
of a total lack of justice, of helpless and cynical states. A massacre and a political
and judicial masquerade. That's the sad lesson we have to tell, 60 years later, to the two Oradours: the Living and the Dead, together for half a century. The old one endlessly tells its story. The new one listens. Most families here lost at least one relative. To live with these wounds and the memory
of Saturday 10 June 44, around 2 pm. That day gets at me. It spoilt my whole life. Don't you think being alive
is what counts? Maybe. But I'm not certain. Saturday 10 June 1944, until 2 pm, you were Robert Hebras. Since then, for the rest of your life,
and today, you are... The survivor. I don't like
being called the survivor. You know, often, I meet people at the supermarket. They want to be nice.
"Hello, survivor". If they knew how they hurt. I'd rather they didn't greet me. You keep calm? Yes, calm on the surface. What's left today? My memories and my memory. The memory you cannot take away from people like me.
It can't be taken away. Although... Even if, sometimes, they say we should stop now, that war ended long ago, our memory will remain. To the children of ORADOUR-sur-Glane
and their families
