Neil deGrasse Tyson | FULL VIDEO PODCAST

most humans who could ever exist never will think I've heard you say if there's been more humans that have not come into existence than do exist by far and so the fact that you exist at all is against stupefying odds of who gets born and who does not any moment you spend squandering those moments you are alive does disrespect to all those who will never even be born I believe that each and every one of us has the power within ourselves to create the life that we really want and I want to help give you the tools to make that happen I'm Danica Patrick and I'm pretty intense [Music] welcome to the pretty intense podcast today's guest is someone that is about a million times more intelligent than me and I'm not gonna lie it was a little intimidating Neil deGrasse Tyson astrophysicist not even sure what that means but look he is amazing and his depth of knowledge is not only about stars and space and where did we come from and you know Adams and nucleuses and subatomic particles and a whole bunch of other words I can't think of because they're too big for me but we talked about religion and you know that was something that really surprised me because look he's a scientist and scientists and science and religion don't really go together but he he knows a lot about it and we talked about that we talked about why he knows a lot about it we we talked about another interesting topic that was fascinating and that's just the trajectory of being 1% more intelligent so chimpanzees are 1% less intelligent than humans so what's 1% warm what's 1% more of that and then of course I asked the ultimate question do you believe in aliens so I hope you have an amazing time listening to this and learn because I sure did well I became a huge fan with cosmos Oh excellent why are you like a few years ago okay I put that on I was like that looks interesting and I've always been blown away if you're not something's wrong I mean I used to I used to remember I used to sit there as a kid nice to look up and I said I was like it goes on forever yeah that just gives me a headache at the pure thought of it and it still gives me a headache to think that montt that idea of like it just keeps going and there's no one but there has been and if there isn't and what's the end I mean so here's the thing our senses are five traditional senses were forged sort of in the plains of Africa where there is no need to think about know or understand infinity we have no capacity for that it's our mathematics that shows us that it's real it's our observations of the universe that show the infinitude of it all and you just got a deal we want answers but you can't be a scientist this is the interesting paradox scientists want answers to but we are completely content steeped in ignorance because it's the ignorance that attracts us not the answers to fit to figure it out to figure it out journey it's the journey to that frontier I tweeted recently just cuz it came upon me very funny oh thank you that as the area of our knowledge grows so too does the perimeter of our ignorance hmm and so right so with the scientific you're saying a bigger center gets the bigger the outside outside outside the perimeter you know why it's like age it makes me feel like a gigantic Fortin you because you know more you know more of what you don't know that's what it is and here's the problem here's a prevailing problem in society it's knowing enough to think you're right but not enough to know that you're wrong I have to do this with you a lot of tea that's insightful okay I'm saying okay yep you learned a little bit about something and you say I got this yeah I got this well maybe you don't but you don't know enough to know that you don't write you have to learn more to realize you actually didn't know so the great challenge for us all to repeat the phrase is knowing enough to think you're right but not knowing enough to know that you're wrong and that gets a lot of people in trouble because they rise up thinking they got the answers and so as a scientist there are answers we have we know a lot about how the world works but our job is to hack our way a cutting through the brush and ramble to the frontier that boundary between what is known and unknown in the universe and when you stand there and look out into the abyss you can't fear that that has to attract you right and and so we we celebrate not knowing I have a whole video see what do you mean celebrate we don't know it's like hey where's the next place where we don't know it I got over there oh my gosh or someone makes an observation or discovery that we don't understand we don't understand it let's have a party let's have a conference and let's have bring all our best ideas to the table and we'll talk about it it'll get excited about it yeah that's that's that is it so so if you have to have answers yeah I think that's in white that a religion kind of does that religion gives you answers to all manner of things what happens after you die what happens you know your spirit your this and people read it they got the answer and it gives them certain comfort I think I hear here's how one of these conversations has played out before so a religious person might ask me so how the universe get here looking at the Big Bang and that describes everything like from that first moment and then and then they'll say but what was around before the Big Bang and I'll say I don't know that's what we got top people working on it well they have to be something is there we're blind thank you yes yes we got singularity people working on that they call string theorists hmm so you were right on the button there but they'll say there had to be something I said I don't know maybe there was nothing I don't know we're working up they had to be something that's God right so they got the answer yeah so we want to answer they insist they say God and then they go home and they can sleep well at night whereas a scientist on the frontier hardly ever gets a good night's know if it was distracted by the unknown you said that the thing that scares you most is not knowing the right question to ask it's not that I don't wanna say it scares me but it it it intrigues me so it feels to me like this edge of the frontier that you're talking about is scary because you don't know what to ask next but it's exciting and so if something excites you right you should dive in it's like how I felt about like for me last year I hosted the ESPYs and I was scared shitless like I was like I'm not funny I'm not presentable you don't see it I can't do this and I was like but I really want to but I was scared but I was excited and I had to finally fight off the scared enough to say yes because I feel like if something scares you and excites you somewhat the same you should go with it you should dive in I think there's deep wisdom there and often you respect the thing you fear the most and you'll you will delicately navigate let which you fear the most so you might be giving that the most attention the most care the most concern so yeah so for me people ask that that point about the question I don't yet know to ask is a follow-on to the question what is the question you want to see most answered and the I've got through something we don't know what dark matter is and dark energy and how you go from organic molecules to self-replicating life that happens sometime in the early Earth under plenty I got I got a list of questions but that's not what keeps me awake at night mm-hmm it's the question I don't yet know to ask because we don't yet stand in the Vista that allows me to see that question in the first place and it's discoveries that continue the continuum it's the continual parade of discoveries that don't simply move forward but they ascend to give you higher and higher ground to see farther into the universe and recognize things that you didn't even know to ask that that I'd lay awake an iPad and so one of my regrets the day I die I'll say to myself I wonder what questions we don't even know to ask yet and I would have died before I find out have you answered some life do you feel like you've kind of know so I had a predictions a few decades ago I gave and watch you in Indianapolis upon here when your speaking engagement whenever one of yours one of your tours yeah yeah yeah news clippings from what was the title of your tour called a mighty Biff is it reason that's it excellent yep my sister and I wouldn't watched you that's a little thank you thank you so the so was I saying be what have you learned like what it what do you feel like are there some questions that you're like some decades ago in a research paper I made a prediction that there ten times as many galaxies in the universe as our catalogs then record it and it was some little bit controversial not deeply controversial but just know that we don't think so this sort of telescope show decades later we found ten times as many galaxies how many galaxies do we think there are in the universe this is silicon so you're so what's a bazillion what's bazillion times 10 10 bazillions bajillion so the numbers are fluctuating right but anywhere between a hundred billion and a half a trillion galaxies or really of all different sizes are in the universe and you might say well how come you don't know it more precisely not that you ask that but you might be thinking it between 100 billion and 500 billion which is a half a trillion that sounds like you don't really know the answer however here's something that hardly anyone appreciates about astrophysics the range of things in size temperature pressure is so huge that if you get something and you're off by a factor of two you're doing good yeah yeah because you could have been off by a factor of a thousand in either direction some would say okay I'm taller than you alright someone said well he brought you a lot or she thought not compared to this building out there not appeared to a Paramecium so to the building and the Paramecium we're the same size as far as they're concerned because they're so far in that range from that size difference so in the universe there's such a big range in everything we're content if we get some within a fact or two then we move on you know what size thing you just made me think of that I think is like blows my mind is that please clarify all those you know I'm generally going on but if you took and condensed all of the atoms down to actual matter like all the people on earth that's the size of an apple or something like yeah yeah so it's kind of blows my math okay let me let me complete the mind-blowing please dimension of this okay there's a guy named first Rutherford he was a New Zealand physicist and he wondered how much there's a nucleus an electron so he took gold and hammered it very thin gold has this you this unique property that you can hammer it's so thin it's almost just a few atoms thick across that so that's why this gold flower on there in ancient times because they can stay together not only hands together but you can you can form it you can form it and you don't have to use very much of it okay and you can cover things and the whole thing's very shiny gold you've used real gold okay so that you can make it Sophia it's not that expensive okay so that's why gold is good for it's usually made of what's holds like for I'm gold-plated came from exactly exactly exactly so you he made a gold foil and just sort of dangled it there and then he fired particles mm-hmm into this go forth and he wanted to see how many of them would get stopped or ricocheted off her will pass through he expected most to be just ricocheted up this is you can't see through the gold one right it is solid as far as your concern right and 99.99% of all particles went through as though nothing was there god I love science okay well I'm not even done yet mom and he he freaked out what's going on here maybe did the particle go in and then get stopped and in a step another one come out maybe it's just a transfer thing know it matter was mostly empty and he concluded that the space between the nucleus of an atom and the electrons is this vast chasm of nothingness and it is rumored that the next morning when he woke up he alone knew how empty matter was he was afraid to step onto the floor sure to be up in a high-rise ending on earth lest he fall through the atoms down to the basement because science once you know you know you can't know can't unknow you can't unknow so now if you want to compress everything if you want to compress yeah all the people in the world can press us down and and fill in all those gaps yeah yeah I have to do the calculation but Apple so maybe a maybe a plum yeah we all just fit into that little ball of the human race would fit into that volume so what the hell are we what are we well I so I think you're over valuing the the matter part yet matter matters but the space you occupy includes space nothing wrong with that so we're just Stardust we've always been Stardust and I think the fact that we have this empty space it's what allows atoms to do their thing if all that everything were collapsed into the dense matter of a nucleus you wouldn't have atoms its atoms that make molecules and its molecules that make life so we should be glad that atoms simply here's what happens I have one atom here a nucleus Anna and the electrons flitting about have another atom in electrons and the electrons intersect and bind the two atoms together and you get a molecule if I get h2o is it because we're like it being energy cooped up in an atom yeah there's energy everywhere everywhere that's why not to make another kind of leap here in this conversation but we're going everywhere I think it's legitimately gotta leap into this so you can calculate how much chemical energy is in your body calculate that and that energy came from the fact that you made food your whole life food has energy it also tastes good but it has energy and you absorb that energy so that you can build your when you're growing you can build your body from childhood to adulthood you in addition you use the energy just to live to maintain your body temperature right now the air is like 73 degrees in this room okay your body temperature if you're human is 98 and after green you are sustaining a 36 the 26 degree temperature difference between your body in this air because of burning energy in this instant because the moment you stop burning energy the moment you die actually this reminds me of a story about my dog a long time ago might my dog couldn't maintain his body temperature anymore and that was a sign that we knew Wow well so that means your your your physiology is breaking down and you can maintain your body's normal functions and that's a very important function for a warm-blooded creature to maintain that body temperature but I can tell you this if you died then all that metabolism stops the metabolism is the converting the the chemical energy into kinetic energy because you move then into thermal energy to keep your body warm so no watch what happens that instant your body begins to cool cools down to what temperature what's on its way towards air temperature that's why if you go in a funeral parlor if there's an open casket and you have any people who actually touches the dead body what's the first thing everybody says about it's cold yeah it's actually not cold it's the same temperatures the table as the chair as the floor it's the same campus is that you're not accustomed to touching skin at table temperature because skin is 98 point but well it's usually a degree or so a little cooler than your inner temperature but high 90s so the energy of your body is there and it's working and it's maintaining your body temperature against this and so so all I'm saying is when you die so this is why I have told people when I die I don't want to be cremated oh do you know what happens when you cream in you break apart the molecules of your body and release the energy that's what burning is that's what that is there's energy in these molecules you burn it you break it apart your releases heat so now your body is ash hmm with no source of heat left in it and it it it when it heated the atmosphere and the atmosphere radiated to space nothing wrong with that so your body's energy has now escaped escaped to space so wait a minute if you bury me however hmm that same molecular energy it breaks apart by action of microbes they dine upon my body I have an energy source available to it's how you can eat a steak and have the steak give you energy that's the future we're dead I mean you want to still give after your death thank you that's so kind of you that's spent my life dining upon flora and fauna right that is have given their lives for my sustenance the least I could do on death is to return the favor to a next generation of flora and fauna so that they can thrive in their own lives through it I have mine so it leads to this question where do we go when we die well so I can answer that question as a so I guess who what are we is the first question right we have to answer what are we and then we have to answer where do we go there that fertile topic but before I get there I just want to say scientifically I know I can but like I said your body has a energy that you've accumulated your whole life nope all these molecules you go in the dirt all that energy is recovered and it goes back to all the other life-forms far as science is concerned you're done you're done so now you're asking but how about me my spirit energy my soul my everything that I am yeah well we could turn to neuroscience okay they're parts of your brain that are you they're parts of your brain that if I tickle it or if I damage it we don't do this you people come in from head injuries this is this is the full set of data we have on well not the full set now because we have probes and things but historically how do you know what part of the brain controls what it's from head injuries that people had hmm you got hit over here you got hit back here you got hit over here there's a Language Center who's a facial recognition Center there's the part of you that is your understanding of self if those parts of your brain gets damaged you lose your language you lose your facial recognition you lose memories either short-term or long-term we know these parts of your brain so to say I am me and that's some special spiritual entity as far as I can tell it's electro chemical synapses firing in your brain got it so it's giving you this belief that you are something other than just the chemistry and biophysics of a brain matter what is making it fire like what what is the what is the what is asking it to do things what makes me think to ask you a question so this is consciousness and this is a huge frontier now here's something I would tell you no one else is gonna tell you you ready I'm sure everybody's writing books on a subject it means we know nothing about it and the more the literature there is make sense the less we know about it that's why people keep writing it go go to the books if there's still bookstores go to the bookstore look at the shelf on the human mind oh the shelf after shelf now look at this shelf of physics there's no who does the gravity boom because what because it is what it is what is with it we're on to the next thing we got this so the fact that everyone and their cousin is writing a book on consciousness yes evidence of what we do not yet know I'm just saying so are you saying that this is the exciting little frontier spot where we're at yes conscious what do you think about consciousness I think about it all the time and here's how I think about its why do I wake up every morning as me and not you or someone else if we're just consciousness you're saying if if if I don't know I'm just saying why is it that every day I wake up I mean what makes that that and consider that identical twins with identical DNA have separate consciousness consciousness they're separate they're not the same people they have different thoughts they might have similar desires or you know their twin separated and they will draw the same color car or whatever with as they later discover that happens a fine but I'm talking about are you hungry in this moment that's your consciousness telling you this act in your twin just ate an hour ago your twin is not having that same thought this is the big challenge with the with the transporter and Star Trek if I disassemble your molecules and reassemble them over there is your consciousness part of that if you're conscious it is even a transferable entity right I don't know so and let me ask a more blunt question is consciousness even the right question to ask we think it's the right question if I posed the question what kind of cheese is the moon made out of and you say yes be cheese I think it's pretty so so you don't you start posing and creating experiments that are designed to test for cheese but the moon is not made out of cheese so you asked the wrong question in the first place not every question is a legitimate question and when you're on the frontier you don't even know what that question is you got a nice you got a ticket on drum you've got a tiptoe and ask in little bits is the moon made of anything is it made of atoms is it made of rocks what is it made of how do I test that you got an inch your way there otherwise you'll bust out of the doorway with a question you think it needs an answer like what is the sound of one hand clapping well just because you assembled nouns and verbs the right sequence to make a legitimate sentence in the English language does not make it an authentic sentence worthy of scientific attention the same when I think about consciousness I think about like Neil are you your arms I control my arms but if you lost them might still be me that's right what about your heart well Aristotle thought all emotion was in the heart here's what I think about often and that stayed with us through like the Renaissance until we had some understanding of brain it was like what does your heart tell you your heart is just pumping doesn't know anything about anything it's left over from a time when we thought all that our emotional center was located in our heart that Aristotle has a big have a lot to do with that misinformation that misunderstanding so so I was wondered if Aristotle said your emotions are in your pancreas then I wonder if on Valentine's Day images of the pancreas or some other organ you know it's just it's just by happenstance that the heart stayed with us so then there's there's another sort of you know so if you if you didn't know from someone has a pancreas just give it a chance so it makes me think of chakras it makes me think of energy centers when you go into more of the you know Eastern philosophies of you know the energy centers of our you know root chakra you know solar plex crown chakra all the seven chakras like maybe the heart operates with those thoughts so it's that energy center giving you a feeling do you believe in that so I'm not convinced I mean I've seen the chakra charts and other sort of Eastern ways of observing and thinking about life and the universe and I let me answer that two ways I could I could first say there's no way any bit of science has ever found a way to justify that that's too blunt let me be a little more a little softer and that is it is possible to have a philosophy about how something works that's wrong yet there's still benefit to be obtained from it so what would be an example of that what I what's a good example so let's take the chiropractic for example okay if you read the foundations of chiropractic it's like got that right but I'm writing that down don't ever go to a chiropractor go look at the charts that say everything about your body emanates from spinal column vertebrate okay you catch a cold there's a blind into your vertebrae so manipulate the vertebrae and everything everything is to look at early writings about the chiropractic arts okay so what happens you go to a chiropractor they you know they pop your back and they manipulate it and it feels good whether or not it cured your common cold let's say about well there are not a cured your cancer whether or not anything else happened people still derive some curative elements from it so in science what we try to do is extract what it is they're the essence of what it is they're doing and only apply that mm-hmm that's what we try to do it's very reductionist but that's what it's how we got civilization reductionist is there's this whole thing the reductionist if you're chewing on this bark and your pain goes away well is it the bark or is it some chemical in the bark let me find out oh here's this chemical it's Alaska it's it's it's it's a seed of salicylic acid oh my gosh that's aspirin aspirin so here his appear is a lump of bark and here's a pill what are you gonna do you chew on them are gonna take the bill I think because I found what's in the bark that does it but you might have had a whole philosophy about bark that the tree has a spirit energy and the tree that per tree in particular is touched by the gods and you and it the gods want you to feel better and to relieve your pain so the gods put this special magic potion in the bark and you chew the bark and you're all better I found the aspirin here it is go buy it in the grocery store for two dollars and so is it sad that I bypass the entire cultural spiritual rituals of it I don't think I don't think it's sad I'll tell you why look at how many rituals we still participate in oh yeah and and they're beautiful and they're sensitive and they're reflective look at what Jews do in in Passover there's a seder and in the seder they leave an empty seat for Elijah in Casey and had to unlock the front door in case Elijah shows up at your seder do they really think that's gonna happen I don't think they really think Elijah's coming I'm pretty sure they're not let that person in but but the ritual of it can be very communal and there's so much of what binds us socially that derives from ritual be it religious ritual or some other cultural ritual do you we play the national anthem at the beginning of games that kind of binds us all at the beginning of sporting events if the Canadiens are there we also play the Canadian national anthem we you take off your hat you salute you you hug on certain holidays you Thanksgiving we have Turkey yes I'm not here to judge the value of those rituals scientifically I'm here to celebrate the value those rituals culturally I don't have a problem this kind of gets me into the fields oh by the way there's some sorry so to interrupt no go for it oh don't lose I thought there's some rituals that might be hurtful to you sure okay and ice why withdraw the wine I say if my region let's do that if it's hurtful to you or to myself I want someone to step in I'd want someone to theirs in Catholic there's some Catholic and traditions particularly in central South America where an Easter people will go on their knees in the way that Jesus was carrying the cross to suffer and like Jesus suffered and I thought Jesus suffer so we don't have to suffer i man no meat on Friday was enough right yeah so no it's not just no meat on Friday fish on Friday because they were in that place when that rule came in it was the fishermen were not getting as much business as the rest of the food producers and the Pope got his message from God that one day we can have to eat fish so it's not a no meat day it's a fish day so you are still eating dead animals but it kept the fisherman yeah so that's how you get messages god man I thought it was because meat was a luxury it's like so like pulling back from the luxury it's always been a luxury for sure it's very expensive to produce meat right so then what the hell did Moses what what's the deal with Moses well knowing that take a man who says thou shalt not eat meat on Friday maybe that's in the 11th through the 15th commandment that have lost all typically where did his information come from for the Ten Commandments well so what's interesting to me is you know people people need rules yeah without rules you know it's sad that we need rules but it's not that we need rules well of course we need rules but we need threat of punishment for not following rules and for some people I think prison isn't enough right and so if there's a higher power above us all that could damn you to hell for eternity that might keep you in line okay my issue with the Ten Commandments was that like why is that shalt not kill like number six I'm thinking that should have been a little higher big of a deal is killing or or graven images or one God first you know I'm thinking this up that a little if I were dead if I had my druthers plus depending on which version of the Bible you use thee the commandments are not exactly in the same order as each other so there's some various but in none of them is that's what I kill number one yet that is the highest level transgression we have in modern societies so we have made a judgment on the rest of the command saying no we don't really care about the graven image no don't bear false witness that's a bad thing but we're not gonna punish shoot and damned you forever for that so human element humans decided marijuana was illegal until recently till it was not it's just a human decision right so morality is actually this moving target I want to claim that it's a bounced it back and forth target but morality if you look over time has evolved to be sort of not in every place of course but we're always evolved to be more inclusive and more forgiving and more accommodating and so so more Allium it's a huge philosophical frontier where do you get morality from and many people will say like it we get it from my religion no you actually don't you actually don't what you've done is cherry-picked your religion and pick the things that make most sense in modern society and they say I get my morality from religion well you did you use secular reasoning to filter out so many of the statements that are made in the Bible especially the Old Testament for example where you know it's if your children disobey you you should stone them well no we're not doing that we're not i'm sovereignty the jail threat okay by the way mom and dad that's the gym okay we would we are not going to stone our children yeah before disobeying us we will now they say no one happened let's go to the next one okay if by the way this section of the Bible is in Leviticus also contains the one where you shouldn't be homosexual okay this is the same section of the Bible that says you know you should stone your children if they disobey okay so we are you a cherry-picking right and so what's happened and plus the Bible was used to justify slavery why because nowhere in the Bible older New Testament is slavery objected to it is passive or supportive in its attitudes towards slavery so what so most of what justified slavery over so many years came from people's readings of Scripture there are some other readings of Scripture where you got to go to the New Testament for this and you got to go to Jesus and it's do you want to others there's doing you know there's this sort of the Golden Rule kind of thing and other ways to think about the Quakers were totally anti ed Quakers are Christian totally anti-slavery from the get-go mmm-hmm from the get-go and they were driven by religious means and you have the whole civil rights movement which had a secular atheistic dimension to it but that was not talked up in the press a philip Randolph and others they were atheists someone who even like communist atheist communists who were there for the worker and workers rights and this not the not the capitalist right so that the workers right Martin Luther King was the one that the press focused on because we were there's still a cold war and you can't have heroes who are sympathizers with the Communist Party so so Martin Luther King gets the the positive attention from the press but but he gets his roots from the Bible and and this so so you you're cherry-picking to suit what your needs are at the top you know a lot about the Bible what a transmat new tests kind of blowing my being a scientist so you're gonna have to explain to me how you know so much I tell you why yeah please I was minding my own business just doing my astrophysics okay really I was just I was just mind my own business in the corner I got my calculus books and bikes all right and people would come up to me and say calculus I want you to make sure you know that okay do you be a little more comfortable with infinity if you took calculus okay see there you go can I afford a private tutor big calculate a private calculus tutor and you'll come out of that saying I'm good with infinity so people started asking me as you study the universe have you found God does studying the universe make you closer to God I think any dude out there or so no just spiritually philosophically are you yes some might wonder if it's literal behind the moon so so I would have answers but I realized if I'm an educator I can't just give any answer off-the-cuff it needs to be informed it needs to be researched knowledge is power it needs to be I need to do my homework before I start speaking on this topic and respect so I started buying the books like but you know the Torah and so that's just purely the Old Testament I translated of course does I can't beat Hebrew and then I got the you know King James Newton you know New Testament and then I got modern translations of the New Testament that use modern language and then I got a now assist of the Bible's and then I got yes well I mean I mean I said I know what's in and I went to some yeah passages that are more I mean they're places you don't this there's the whole section of the Bible where's who begat who that's not scintillating reading so you skip over that I'm sorry it's okay okay I'm forgiving you producer for giving me away with your information about the Bibles okay so you find places a place in the Bible for example where the value of pi equals three point zero what do they got it wrong yeah yeah they got it wrong yeah they tell you why I have to in in 1 Kings 7 that part of the Bible they're describing King Solomon's property the castle and the his palace and the surrounding grounds and there's a pond there and here's the statement you ready the pond is round on all sides 30 cubits around 10 cubits across the value of pi is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter so 30 divided by 10 goes 3.0 now had they said 31 cubits around because fractions and decimals weren't a big thing but and 10 cubits across they would be much better they've got 3.1 and it's a hey they got a fig they got an understanding there and the best estimates of PI of the day what's not much different but there was a better estimate of Pi than 3.0 the Babylonians have 3.14 and that preceded the writing of that section of the Bible so my only place so I've learned all of this and so now when people start asking me do I see God do I know God well how do I know the science is long and the Bible is right which is which I can engage that conversation in an informed and I'd like to even declare respectful way I'm not here to bash people I'm here to just share pic with people what is objectively true in the world are you spiritual so that's good cuz right was religious yes I would I use versus like the Mart is like the fastest growing community to community I'm a cult leader so these are people who these are people who spiritual people I wouldn't call them spiritualists because those in a day were people who talk to dead talk to the dead so our spirits of spiritual mediums they would talk so if you are spiritual today that means you feel there's something out there beyond what we know could be a god but you're not affiliated with any organized religion that is the fastest-growing oh but so let me back that up people not affiliated with any religion would include atheists that's the fastest growing community I saw a religion called um nism is omnes 'm which is the belief that there is that none of the no religions are true but there's truth within all of them mmm-hmm I would say that's me I kind of I've always been very skeptical okay but now you have to go you have to visit each religion and find out what is true - and then staple all that together to get your organism and that's hard let me back up I can tell you certain things that are objectively false the earth is not 6,000 years old I got this one okay why do people have denial about like the science of the age of the earth or age of the you know how long humans have been around and there's I have thought a lot about this and I've concluded there are three truths yes I'm ready yeah three truths okay are you ready yes all right sorry the three kinds of truths not three answers okay hmm one time truth is an objective truth this is what is researched and established by the methods and tools of science this is what is true whether or not you believe in it it's how we make electricity work it's how the physics of your cars you drive works it's how earth moves around the Sun it's how energy from the Sun powers the ecosystem and the biosphere those are objective truths you you can argue it but it won't matter if you argue it it's true whether or not you argue it's it's your it's your you know okay so in the bookstore correct second kind of truth it's a personal truth these are truths that are true to you they are true down in your bones Jesus is your Savior Muhammad is your prophet these you know this is true no matter what and no one is going to take it from you at least not in a free society no one is going to take that from our religion and our religious or faiths and our our beliefs in our faiths are constitutionally protected conduct of American citizens it's what attracted so many immigrants over the decades where they were the religion was persecuted where they were and they come here they knew they wouldn't be persecuted okay hence the religious melting pot that we actually are okay so that's your truth but watch what happens the only way you can get me to share that truth is by some intense bout of persuasion or by threat of force violence or death I have a different personal truth than you do you require that I share your personal truth we will go to war over that you know why because my personal truth tells me that your personal truth is false mm-hmm most religions its most monotheistic really the great monotheistic religions have as part of their tenant that other religions are false right so each one says the other one is false and curiously our country protects that it allows you to say that your belief is true and everyone else is false and it allows me to say the same damn thing about you so you live in a community where your folks are and you go to your worst place of worship on Saturday or Sunday and I go to I pray five times a day to Mecca I do that with my community and by the way we both work together in the same office okay historically you didn't have places like the United States and whole legions would fight the Crusades the just look at what people did to each other because their personal truths were not shared by others yes yes but yes yes it used to be a daily thing now we have wars over you know access to resources and things well yeah well and some other Dogma that might have arisen like Nazism or you know that you can have Dogma oh but Dogma is equally as bad yes sorry dogma can drive you to war just as readily as strongly held religious beliefs because Dogma is this is true no matter what you tell me yeah and that doesn't have to involve God that you'd involve any other strong beliefs strong belief okay it means you're not susceptible to conversation and a new idea that could put you in a new place you are sealed off from arguments of reason so that's a personal truth there's a third kind of truth it's a political truth this is what you think is true because someone repeated it to you often enough programming program it's correct what's finally watched the program for the programming what is Hillary's first name crooked Hillary told me the TV totally so what I will say about these three truths is in a pluralistic country the pluralistic land if you are going to make laws that apply to everyone it seems to me you should base them on what is objectively true and not is on any one person's personal truth which would then affect everybody else who doesn't share personal booty hmm and if you put it on a political quote truth mm-hmm then that will blow like the breeze some other power rises up and they don't have something else and now that person who used to be your friend is now your enemy let me tell political truths can evolve the Republicans are not historically I mean in in recent decades not known for being cuddly with minority groups okay if you look at how minority groups vote generally it's not Republican yeah you could say why well the policies are might conflict with ideas Dada Dada not fine do you know the first Republican president was no oh he knows Abraham Lincoln yeah Abraham Lincoln friend of the slaves hmm Abraham Lincoln's the first Republican president the Republicans were the anti-slavery party while the Democrats were perfectly fine keeping slaves yeah lovely way to go no wait a minute so what happens the South had all the slaves so the slot the South is not going to be Republican the South with Democrats and they were Democrats from the Civil War for a hundred years a hundred years in the South they had Jim Crow they had segregation they had all of that and they were just fine with it and from the 1960 through basically President Reagan in the 1980s that flipped the Republicans saw that they can get a stronghold in the south by altering their policies and saying yeah we don't really wanna the Equality here or whatever it was and keep this going and they one-by-one they absorbed the the Dixiecrats the Dixie Democrats became Republicans so I'm saying if you're gonna base your life on political truths know that someone else is defining for you what it is you think is right and wrong and what is true or not and as a academic and especially as a scientist I don't want anybody else doing my thinking for me and political truths are someone else telling you what to think and how to think do you think I'm screaming at you here I'm so yeah no it's good you know it's some passion I love it just is so anybody you think we need to think more for ourselves I feel like I feel like there's this is a wave of coming it's kind of it's it's it's spirituality it's hot buttons it's like think for ourselves a little bit more do you feel this do you think this is a good thing I'd rather I agree but I'd rather say it differently okay yeah you'd rather than say think for yourself because sometimes there's an expert who knows more about something than you okay and if you have reason to trust that person you trust them okay if this building is on fire and what was with 14 flights up and I say there's a sheet over there and we can strap it to the thing we could jump out the window and glide to that thing I bet you'll believe me because I'm trained in physics and I know something about eridan up you don't say oh no I don't believe I don't okay goodbye how'd you work out my race card for all the physics that you know and so there's the points where yes you'll trust someone without having to question it but I those extreme that's obviously a contrived example but what you should do is when someone is speaking to you a pundit you should not just believe everything they say you should wonder if everything they say is true and use it as an excuse to go back and do a google search or go check on that statement or go check on all of these things mm-hmm and the act of checking you end up learning yeah why is it that we live in a world where no matter what grade you're in the last day of school in May or in June you run down I'm stereotyping here you run down the steps toss your books in the air and say school's out yeah you're glad I did that very thing that school is out yeah you are you what did we do to you in school so that when school is out you glad you're not in school something is wrong what I want to have happen is what we do in school is such that on the last day school you say school's out makes me I can't have to go three months without learning anything it's the only job in school is to learn knowledge is power I believe that and this reminds me of how I feel about food when people like oh gosh I'm on a diet I have to eat this healthy food all I want is the pancakes in my cheat meal it's like how about you change your psyche a little bit and go man this is delicious I'm gonna put a little of this seasoning on it we have like the wrong thought process for some things that we have now culturally convinced ourselves that certain things are good certain things are bad when all we need to do is change our point of perception that is true for so many things and let me tell you my thoughts about food I'm disturbed that's too heavy a word I'm concerned that in America we view food that has high calories as bad when most of this world does not even get their minimum calories in a day we are so wealthy yes we have so much access to food that a high calorie food is considered bad and I cringe every time I see that in here because I think of empowerment is millions what the number I forgot the number but it's millions nothing children starve to death either big out of them because not enough food or because of malnutrition that comes from having not having enough food like you can die just because your your body eats its own calorie content and they just drop dead or you can be malnourished and then you're susceptible to diseases that are opportunistic under those situations I'm telling you the United States might be the only country in the world that has overweight homeless people but they're getting plenty of calories okay the donuts are doing them just fine yeah and so I is another thing I sensitive to people who can't help themselves for whatever reason whatever they got the wrong hand dealt or they they need motivation the people that step over homeless person to go help a stray dog there's a homeless human being that's your species sitting right here that you just ignored what are you doing now don't get me wrong I love me some dogs okay but if I have to rank how I'm going to invest my time and energy and resources it's gonna be to help people and in there sure I'll help a couple of dogs I don't have a problem with that so what I'm gonna saying oh there's a dog in trouble they're not even see the homeless person oh my gosh so it's an Outlook thing and I'll only give here's what I do it just as a matter of policy if I go to a restaurant I eat well at a restaurant and I have a doggie bag mm-hm if I pass a homeless person they get in a doggie bag yeah no matter how expensive that food was were like leftovers I can't wait for tomorrow morning stakes knowing your ass exactly exactly know it goes in the lap of the homeless person but if I have my choice of homeless person who's going to the fittest person I see who's in the most need right so yes outlook I think is everything what are some other things that you're passionate about make it be they could be passions like that that you you know it's not necessarily about stars in the dark matter but you know what other things I guess I'm seeking what sounds like it's passion but it's really just an interest a deep interest yeah maybe this passion I'd like you know I like old books No okay like okay get that get that digital book reader out of here oh me too yeah all the way you know do you realise a physical book never runs out of batteries did you know that ever it's still there it even smells unique and cool people ride unum it's fun I I have books I I collect books they go back in time that that capture a moment in our collective thinking where we that pivot in a moment in our collective thinking where we have a new understanding of the universe or our our place within the universe and this allows me it's humbling because you see the struggle that's that people went through to get something that we today just take for granted yeah as though the knowledge on wiki pages is handed down from on high no somebody figured that out and it's staying around here's the thing that scares me about digital it's a click away from being gone I think about my bank account I'm like oh sure I don't know what was the last book you read uh-oh so I I dip into a lot of books in different ways but I think the last book I read so I have several going right now but the last book I finished was a book I'd actually read long ago but I read it again and it's Barry Goldwater's the conscious of her conservative look at you did she go into the conscious step no but it's just it's just the brought to mind uh because that's really what it should have the conservative yeah yes so Barry Goldwater was you know a very well known and popular conservative politician in the United States who actually ran and lost four grand for president and lost and this is during the Cold War so in this book he's trying to say what that conservative thinking is better than liberal thinking and it's better than communism I just I'd like knowing how other people think sure I would classify myself as liberal in most ways that matters socially yeah probably fiscally centrist I would say I'd like learning how conservative people think and how they make decisions and what's interesting people say tell me all the books on your shelf and they're expecting books to be all the stuff that I already agree with that's very smart of you what's always on the other side I read it all the time that's why I have a shelf of Bibles I have a shelf of UFO sightings I have a shelf of all don't worry I won't ask universe oh nice no nice of you I saw it and I have I haven't read it yes yes a guy from up at MIT I think wrote that or is or is there another author do you remember the author of this one um I can't remember oh yeah so holographic universe that's very freaky it's freaky stuff that we might just be a two-dimensional hologram like some other reality I think the universe has told us that anything that is possible may just be likely and yeah we could just be information contained in a membrane surrounding some other volume and we it's the illusion of a reality but in fact we're just this holographic projection of information yeah it's deep it's very I mean like it took me a while to read completely deep it's very interesting and it makes you think it makes you think in new ways about the mind it makes you think about the power of the mind really which is something that's very intriguing to watch so let me let me just this but really the power of the mind let me disavow of that if I may yeah okay yeah we figured out a lot of stuff we've got art and music and poetry in the Hubble telescope beeping we've walked on the moon the human mind is something else okay do you know our closest genetic relatives yes you do yeah just say it yeah chimps chimpanzees okay chimpanzees 99 and a half percent identical DNA done yeah yeah so why do they have every muscle and every bone in the same place that we do and they're comfortable you cross your legs they're comfortable crossing their legs sitting there and mean another thing they have an itch they scratch it you want to call it they call okay except they like termites and weird stuff too okay I'm gonna ask you what you going out of there so so the urge and this is our ego doing this the urge is to say what a difference that one and a half percent makes it may be as low as 1% but it's small I don't remember the exact number but it's what a difference that one person it makes we have civilization and the smartest chimpanzee can stack boxes to reach a banana our toddlers can figure that out I've seen young children stack things well okay so maybe allow me to pose you this question maybe the difference between the human and the chimpanzee at the 1% DNA is the same small difference as between stacking boxes to reach a banana and the Hubble Space Telescope you're saying no come on how could what do you say obviously the telescope is much more advanced than a monkey chimp figuring out to stack box up you tell me you're tend to say that okay now here's the thought experiment imagine an oak now here here's a simple sentence ready okay Danika here you're flying back to LA tomorrow you catch up a plane you fly United out of Newark or wherever you land five hours later and you have a dinner engagement with friends at your favorite restaurant okay use nothing in that scent that would make sense to a chimpanzee what is an airplane what is you know 10 o'clock in the morning what is it restaurant what the food just comes to you what what is that where did it come from what oh you have a whole supply chain from farms and then the chip would have no idea and that is the simplest sentence you would other in the day yeah okay now imagine a life form and ambien even I don't care some life form that is one percent beyond us in DNA then we are beyond the chimp the smartest of us would be brought forth by this species and they'll say but the role Stephen Hawking forward and say this one is slightly smarter than all the other humans because he can do astrophysics calculations in his head like little Timmy over here who just came home from alien preschool Oh Timmy isn't that key you just derive principles of calculus put it on the refrigerator Oh their simplest thoughts would be in yeah conceivable yeah to the most brilliant human beings at only 1% difference in DNA suppose were 5% 10% 50% a hundred percent so I will not walk forward and say look how smart we are I will not do that I rather wallow in how smart were not relative to how smart we could be now we have an advantage because we communicate you can benefit from calculations done by engineers and physicists who came before you to drive a car fast you don't have to invent that yourself there are books hmm Kindles today and they pass that information forward Isaac Newton invented calculus basically on a dare and he did it before he turned 26 just by the way by the way by the way so we get to bankroll his his advances and then they think of his rungs on a ladder he built that with that rung right there now I can climb up step on that and put in the next ladder rung on the ladder and then someone after me and someone after them so our our species collectively may be able to transcend itself transcend the individual so do you so if we can let's go let's go down let's go down the alien path here okay it's time so you talked about the 1% and what if there was another species that was 1% beyond and let's call that another 1% do you believe that the there's two parts of this that the human body becomes something different a different form as it evolves into DIF on different to the 1% more 1% more 1% more and then the second part of is do you think that we're looking for the wrong damn thing in space we're looking for us but we live in this perfect environment right this ecosystem that is used to striving the cosmos like one little thing changes and then something else nothing exists here and it's all about the air quality I mean a call of that stuff matters critically to the life on Earth so are we looking for the wrong thing alright so our body is pretty irrelevant to our brain when you're just figuring stuff out mm-hmm I mean the best evidence of that is Stephen Hawking okay yeah these clothes yep yeah I win that argument we got it so so so the evolution of the body I don't think is even relevant it's the evolution of the mind that would get you to these new places this extra 1% or 1% beyond that or 1% beyond that you'd be nice if we had eight limbs but we don't be nice if we could regenerate limbs by the way we're not some model of evolution news can regenerate limbs noose if they if they wrote The Tree of Life look they put themselves at the top say we can reach all those poor humans they lose a limb they stuck that for the rest of their lives if we owls we said we can fly in those poor humans those suckers they canvas and there did such crappy visions since they need to wear these things on their eyes just a sad thing what 10th as well as we do you don't have sonar out of the box bats or like you know sonar exactly so so the mind is what would have to evolve it now are we looking for the wrong thing I don't think so we are made with carbon-based life mmm carbon on the periodic table of elements which you may remember from chemistry class periodic table carbon is the stickiest of all the elements it can make more kinds of molecules than all other kinds of atoms combined Wow so if you were to pick one atom off of that table and base the diversity of life on it it would be Cardinal it gives you the most variation the most options the most experiments are we looking for carbon another planet well turns out carbon is one of the most abundant elements in the universe where the hell are all the people not only that we've got oxygen in us and nitrogen we are made out of the most common ingredients there's a graph I have that I saw that it shows the percentage of what we have of each each thing like my words thing this much percent oxygen this much percent carbon this percent yep phosphorus and that's the most common ingredients in the universe mm-hmm which is why we Stardust it's know we start us not only that's an aspect of why we're Stardust we're Stardust because those elements the heavy elements in particular the carbon the nitrogen the oxygen the iron are made in the cores of stars that explode scatter that enrichment across the galaxy allowing the next generation of stars to have those elements that can make planets and life so it's not simply that we are in this universe the universe is in us yes we are not it's not just poetically true it is literally true that we are Stardust and so when we look for life in the universe it's not unrealistic to look for carbon-based life it's just not it's and plus we have an example of it here so how many of other ways might there be to be alive there could be many but if you have a limited budget and can design only one experiment are you gonna pluck at random one of these hundred ways that life might be alive that you've never tested before that you'll have any evidence on are we gonna try the one way we know that life does exist so we wish self-aware of that limitation but it's not a crazy limitation to to operate on it's not so are aliens real probably there's no reason we life started on earth pretty quickly with almost as quickly as the environment allowed we have self-replicating life I love about to about a hundred million years I love the in the cosmos how you go to the calendar well the cosmic calendar I think that traces back to the original cosmos with Carl Sagan yeah yeah you know I know you know Carl Sagan you have a good store what's uh how did you tell me the story about Carl Sagan because there's a cosmos - coming out - right yeah yeah we're still looking for a date for that actually technically cosmos three that's one's three Testament New Testament cosmos - well get biblical about it fine okay so yeah I was in high school I was a geeky kid I knew you know I knew my high school you're an astrophysicist it's okay okay just be frank about it okay ABB's oh you're very funny my high school counts eight Nobel laureates among its graduates what would you want some of the water which is the same as the country of Spain so jump to saying so this is a this is a fertile environment all right it's not because the teachers necessarily it's because realize how much how much down time you spend doing nothing between classes you know chasing a love interest or you know throwing high school now hormones are raging your you know what else your study hall but you're not really studying it's lunchtime you're talking about at that school we're talking about who might have an equation named after them in the downtime that's uh that's obviously that doesn't make any sense that's just like not even in the spectrum of thought it's great it's great officially all of humanity it's crazy and not only that is how old I am I was uh the youngest person who was formally trained in a slide rule in us what is it slide rule so this is this thing that helps you calculate before calculators oh god before calculators there was this device somebody there before calculus yes there was a beast BC before calculators no ecc so there's a device that has the sliding sliders in it and and they're it's highly the numbers all throughout this isn't an abacus isn't no no no it's way better than a NAPA hey Cathy but not as good as a calculator and so you slide these AC I want to multiply 387 by 28 and you'd slide these things and you you can get the answer okay it's called a sliding one the bigger the slide rule the more nuance your numbers can be because you can then read between the tick marks okay so in my high school Wow you walk down the car door you know if you had the biggest slide rule you a badass okay because you put have it in a holster can't carry anything else I came in leather holsters I attach it to your belt oh my god you're not Brad to be the coolest gig ever wait a minute so so I'm in high school and I apply to colleges and so I'm admitted to this set of colleges which includes Cornell and I've known since I was nine through eleven that I'd like that the universe in fact the universe was calling me I had nothing to do with it now high side note I had no choice thank you so I'm there and I get a letter in the mail from Carl Sagan he was already famous he had been on The Tonight Show he didn't get done cosmos but he was already famous mm-hmm and I got a letter from Crossout he didn't know I don't know this man what is this what it's cool I'll write some paper a theory Lotso Lotso Lotso I did write a paper and published in the journal my senior and ice of the Bronx High School of Science I was energy of a physical sideshow but that's not relevant to this there's just more geeky stuff that one does in high school okay oh by the way just so you know in that high school is is it's actually a regular high school just shifted towards the geek end of the spectrum sounds really regular so we had we had jocks but they were geek jocks that we had geeky people but they were really really geeky people so and we had bullies but they would geek bullies you know where'd you fall in I was geek jock good job yeah what'd you play I wrestled I was undefeated I'm captain of the team dang well that's that high school got to college not so much get to college wrestle these boys from Nebraska oh yeah okay we've got another situation so I say call that farm strong farm strong very good very good so I knew when when I was not in the right what they're asking in calm but no I still wrestle because I didn't care that I want I just enjoy the sport and I joined knowing that if you lost it's because they were better than you and you can know what to do you can't blame it on anybody is what it is you okay so why did I take that hold diverse oh so I'm there in high school I get the ladder from Carl site opened up it says dear Neil the admissions office showed me your application to college and knowing that they admitted you I want to help you decide whether you want to come to Cornell would you like to come visit my labs when you said you'd come to the interview with me I'm like so I'd love I did double-check Mike he's known his way right so I I'd like doing people's podcasts in their early days I love doing it okay just to just to help earth more places where people can learn and hear intelligent conversation held by curious talented people so I just like helping to birth people's podcasts so I Carl took you on as a young that's what us so here's what oh by the way I only now learned that you came to one of my public talks and so just so you know it's authentic that this interest is real it's not just okay well she was a fan I guess I guess I'd better know it was pure just want you to know okay so I so I wrote him back as he yeah but yeah so I visited him he met me outside there was a weekend and it was a look like who's gonna snow this is ethic in New York or it snows all the time most think 11 months of the year 11 11 and a half months of the year snowing and cloudy so I'm very taking up to the to my app shows me the lab shows in the department I'm in his office and this was the coolest thing oh my gosh he doesn't even look back he's behind his desk and he reaches behind him and pulls out a book and as one of the books he wrote I said that's badass I'm sorry that's just badass you know you have to look and a book you pick out is and he signed it to me says dear near-future astronomer I still have that book and at the end he's taking me back to the bus station it actually began to snow and he says look if the bus doesn't come through here's my home phone you come spend the night with my family and leave in the morning could the bus no said that the bus didn't come first people told me but no I was more honest than that then my lesson from that was that because I said to myself if I'm ever as remotely famous as Carl Sagan I will treat students the way he has treated me and I could be on the phone you know Barack okay I got to call you back I got a student you know at the door and and eventually I'd written enough books so that and so when I'm in the presence of students it's a sense of duty and obligation I don't like that word cuz it sounds like it's a chore but it's a sense of duty is a better word where the torch of science has to be carried forward lest it become extinguished and we live in the darkness so then I know I've taken a lot of your time and I think this is a good lead-in to like the final thought final kind of question although I have more like never mind but that's for part two but what is the point of all this you know what is the point you say you're you you want to give back to students and that's important to you what is the point of life are you really asking what is the meaning of life or is your question what difference to you what are we here to do yeah you feel called to help people you feel oh no I can't I feel called to to discover the universe but in there if someone wants to also do that yeah I feel compelled but if no one else wanted to do it I don't I'm not gonna force anyone to like the universe no but if you like it or if because I said something you do want to do science yeah I feel some duty I feel some some sense of accountability for someone's interests if they saw cosmos and then they want to assign things I so I feel some responsibility there well then maybe the first question is how do we how do we take science and how do we make sure that that stays relevant relevant and expanding so what we need is a reality show where you get someone who's in denial of science then overnight you take everything out of their life it's a space program and thermal physics and electric electrical engineering and so there it is you I think earth is flat okay so you don't get to fly in an airplane because you might fly off the edge of the earth okay so you will travel nowhere don't get me started so I think we need a reality show where we take science away from science deniers and what you do is you have to put a limit to that because there's a level at which you can take away science would they would just be dead they would have died in childbirth they would have died of some curable disease so you say I'm gonna be nice to you and not take away so much science that you'd be six feet under right now so I don't I just made that up on the spot mm-hmm but yeah it's a problem what you need is people who are in charge because in a free country it's your right should not be scientifically literate at all just don't control anything that can affect the health wealth and security of other people because innovations in science technology engineering and math will be the roots of the future of our health wealth and security if you don't know that you might as well just move back to the cave because that's where we're gonna be anyway now why are we alive why we here what's the point here's some motivation for you okay got my pen back huh all right the human genome can combine in trillions of ways to make a human what that means is well so now put a pin in that how many humans have ever been born latest estimates it's about 80 billion trillions is a way bigger number than 80 billion mm-hmm okay taking a cue from a passage in a book written by Richard Dawkins the biologist evolutionary biologist one day we're all gonna die in this sad when someone dies however not enough of us spend time celebrating the fact that we were alive at all we as individuals are collectively at all individually you are lucky that you get to die because ktml active most humans who could ever exist never will there's been more i think i've heard you say it there's been more humans that have not come into existence than do exist by far and so the fact that you existed all is against stupefying odds of who gets born and who does not realizing this you are you I am me we are alive we get to die and to get to die means you get to live any moment you spend squandering those moments you are alive does disrespect to all those who will never even be born so every day I wake up I've got I want to make the world a better place today for my having been in this world than it was yesterday I want to learn something new which empowers me to make decisions that are more nuanced deeper more informed than I could have made yesterday and I want to celebrate being alive even if you are sick even if you are terminal you still got to live when trillions of people will never even be born so live every one of those moments tell me now what would be your greatest celebration of being alive tell me what your celebration would look like what's your best day like give me like fireworks of like no no here I'm alive here it is you ready me that assumes it's what that's captured in one moment yeah but if that no but it's the sum of it all the sum of it all so here's gonna be my happiest moment and I won't even be alive to see it but they chisel my tombstone my sister has written in her notes what I wanna let you my tombstone and it's a quote from the great educator Horace Mann and it is be ashamed to die until you have scored some victory for you you very inspirational now now the universe is inspirational I'm just channeling that fact well it's been something that's been always intriguing to me and overwhelmingly amazing I'm honored and flattered that you came to one of my talks thank you oh and I mean the cosmos was like a mind expansion education on where we came from the simplicity down to the subatomic level all the way there and I loved it and I can't wait for cosmos three thank you like to meet you thank you so much that's not gonna save our life those swinging to say that again now be ready for it there you go okay thanks thanks Neil thanks everybody for listening to the pretty intense podcast today I hope you enjoyed it and also thank you so much Trevor Hall for the awesome music if you liked what you heard today and you want to hear more please click on the subscribe button you

Channel: Danica Patrick

Views: 940,119

Keywords: Neil deGrasse Tyson, Danica Patrick, Harvard University, best-known scientist, Bronx High School of Science

Id: JxV92NPNy8o

Length: 91min 41sec (5501 seconds)

Published: Tue May 05 2020

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