Mortise and Tenon Joint: Rob Cosman Live Q & A (03 OCT 2020)

[Music] the road has power [Music] so [Music] if you're over 50 you're going to want to pay close attention to this i've been woodworking most of my life love using a hand plane most important thing about hand plane is learning how to sharpen it once you know how to sharpen it then it's absolute pleasure to use but there's been one sticking point i'm going to show you an example this is an old stanley five and a half and it was a great plane of the time the problem always was the adjuster knob now my problem that i found on this was that it just didn't have deep enough knurling so that you could easily make that adjustment without applying two fingers and if you thought that one was tough go back a little earlier to this old five and a half and that knob was even smaller diameter when i use this i have to have a thumb and forefinger on it in order to get it to move there's no way you're going to be able to use that on the fly when i went to work for the woodcraft just helping them with their wood river plane line the first thing i wanted was a larger diameter adjusting knob particularly for the older woodworker so you could get more torque on there i even wanted deeper knurling i didn't quite get everything i wanted so i often took a file to my own and just made that deeper so that you could get a bit of a bite with your fingers well even then it wasn't ideal so enter what we call the adjust star a-d-j-u-s-t-a-r a five-spoke adjusting wheel that'll fit lee nielsen planes and we have a separate one for the wood river plains the wood river plains will fit a four and a half five five and a half six and a seven real easy conversion i'm going to show you that in a separate video how we do it but here's how it works you simply work on the spoke instead of trying to turn the side of a wheel so that when you're planing and you want to move on or adjust on the fly you're just using your finger to push that down so much easier i noticed the other day on the shooting board how much easier it was instead of again trying to move that knob you're just sitting there pushing on that spoke until you get it exactly where you want and one more bonus one of the problems with the large diameter wheel was it made it difficult to access that center screw for closing the throat now you can just work between the spokes and get almost direct access to it great addition to your plane it'll solve a problem that anybody with a bit of arthritis or just aging fingers has already experienced so if you want to make hand planning even more pleasurable get yourself an adjuster we are live yes speak yep i can hear you hi folks welcome who we got on time frick how many we got on there we have 331 already hollow 331 welcome to our live youtube workshop purple heart project fundraiser question and answer tonight we're going to start doing a little bit differently tonight we we are actually having a theme and that is mortise and tenon work in case you didn't see it we did a we released a youtube on cutting a mortise and tenon as it pertains to furniture just a day or so ago if you didn't see that check it out might actually learn something if you're in need of it so tonight i thought what we would do is we would entertain questions and i would hopefully provide answers around that topic and that and we'll do this and on your suggestion if you have a good theme we'll take that into consideration in future ones lots to tell you about tonight a ton uh where do we start oh i'm going to tell you right now just in case you want to call somebody so i'm going to walk over here while i'm talking jake do you know where that fine woodworking magazine is that had they it might be right here in uh march of 2016 i was contacted by a combat wounded veteran whose name is jesse paradis and i didn't know him at the time he was looking for a dovetail saw and in the course of the actually it wasn't it was yeah but it was by email actually i don't have it sorry anyway in there he just said that he was looking for a saw he thought i had the best could he was recently just recently got into the hand tool woodworking couldn't afford a new saw one know if i had any with cosmetic flaws that i would sell at a discount and if i did if they'd let me know if i'd let him know he'd save up and get it anyway he happened to mention in passing that ever since he got involved in hand to woodworking it was the first time what camera went out what happened jake messed up this isn't going on my record are we are we audio's on yeah no the audio's too long can we back yeah we're back anyway ever since he got involved in hand to woodworking the first time he found any piece from the physical and the mental pain he suffers from that struck a note i have no military background but i felt compassion for these people i thought we should possibly do something based on what he had said that was the foundation of what now the purple heart project where we have had to date 88 combat wounded veterans come in at our expense hours meaning we all participate and contribute and we bring them in and we treat them to a six day hand to a workshop used to be five now at six we have them in here from eight in the morning until eleven o'clock at night we feed them all three meals and they learn to do stuff like this if you look at phil gustafson's or marshall rommel's dovetail they come out doing incredible work anyways proves to be very therapeutic that's why we continue to do it it's an expensive venture we cover airfare hotel meals each vet goes home with about 3 500 u.s worth of tools and i'm going to tell you more about this tonight there'll be a workbench waiting for them at their home when they get there and that's something that fairly new so i bring on i thought i thought about this a while ago i thought why not have one of these guys come on and explain this program instead of me well tonight we have the original jesse sorry and he's going to come on and tell you his story and it is going to be good we're going to bring him on at about the one hour mark so if you can think of anybody particularly pay attention to me please particularly a combat wounded veteran who you know is suffering that's where jesse was this has changed his life unbelievably if you can think of someone have them tune into this get them on there so when they're there to hear him speak and it'll be in approximately 50 minutes okay i want to say any more about it um introductions real quick i'm rob cosman jake my son is on the camera do the spin around jake they love to see your smiling face maybe you should shave next time over here in the green what a nice t-shirt frick where did you get that bobby never paid for it would i be right i did help design it [Music] so this is frick my son-in-law he's the guy who's responsible for all the technical side of things over here in the lounge chair i hope you don't put them to sleep is ken anthony ken works here he has he only works a day a day and day and a half a week it's the entire day and a half that's gonna be about right wouldn't it 24 and 12 would be 36. a little more than that and ken also introduced us i won't forget you megan ken also introduced us to his cousin angie and angie and her sister lynn they package up all the t-shirts these are our purple heart t-shirts they have a nice logo on the front and this helps promote our cause by raising awareness this was angie's color she chose it so we have three wood doing good the original wood is good and the one frick's wearing which is wood for good so that's angie she's she works from home she does all the shirt packaging a big shout out to angie and lynn and this is megan megan is jake's wife and she's going to she doesn't even know this she's going to model something for us tonight i have a very good friend his name is moose we call him the moose and he took a real big hit in this coronavirus thing because his business is uh tourism-based on the cruise ship industry and they haven't moved in the last eight months but uh we've helped him divine help him get his website up and running and he says some really unique gear but anyway he donated two things to us i'll tell you about a little bit later when we build the audience up a little bit and i'm gonna have megan try one of them on and tell and have her tell you what you think and then we're going to draw for them later tonight and if you want to get one yourself we'll put the link on there where you can go and get them and we also have colonel luther and super dave benson they always have to be introduced the twins yeah from different mothers so hold on this is luther he was raised on grits and take peanuts and ruin them mushy peanuts he's out in seattle now he's in southern california because he's just in southern california his wife's actually going back to school so he is a retired colonel us army artillery his wife erica is also a retired colonel she was in charge of a military hospital in seoul she retired recently so they summer now in southern california so luther is well if you're coming to the purple heart you'll know luther because luther takes care of one half of the year's classes and super dave benson who is a combat wounded vet in upstate new york um whose wife is uh is in severe depression right now because dave has been home he normally is here most of the time that's a different story here we can see them a little better if i actually they were better with the dust weren't they yes i agree so and this is so super dave spent half his time in the army navy and then half in the army should point out he's lost a lot of weight he has he has he's got a haircut and super dave has uh he takes care of all the vets in the second half of our php so we normally do one a month i'm going to this is going to lead into something one a month starting in may so luther does may june july dave does august september october so there's those two birds and um whom else am i forgetting anybody else that i forgot rex is not with us tonight not sure why he'll answer for that later so now thus the first announcement i need to make is our purple heart project which is in conjunction with training the hand training the hand is a six day very intense hand to a woodworking training workshop when i say very intense we don't let you off easy you you're in here we're on we're working at eight o'clock in the morning and we do not stop until eleven o'clock at night why do we feed you because if we let you go to a restaurant you lose too much time so we about a 30 minute stop for lunch maybe a 45 minute for supper we're back at it you will learn how to sharpen free hand planes and chisels you will learn how to take a rough board and make it flat smooth and square on all six surfaces and to within thousands of an inch believe it or not you will also learn how to cut through dovetails half blind dovetails you will learn how to cut a mortise and tenon you'll actually build a little candle box i'll show you what that looks like uh we're in the main mat in the midst of uh cleaning this place up and getting things organized so in case you're wondering why it's i'm having to walk around somewhat of an obstacle course oh i got this one full of coins it weighs a ton so these two little boxes represent types of things that you'll make has to be able to be something you can take it home but what's really interesting is that it starts off as a rough piece of lumber i mean rough having come from the kiln rough exterior and all the pieces get dimensioned entirely by hand and then cut dovetails in them and some kind of a lid to keep it all all the contents nice and safe so what else am i forgetting jake anyway i guess my point was this each class has seven combat wounded vets coming in as our guests and seven civilians who come in as paying customers the civilians are a huge part of the success of this program i've only learned this as i've done it because this environment is created the vets have not been around for a long time and the magic that occurs can only be can only be witnessed by those who have participated and we should probably have someone like george barber come on at some point and just tell that story because it really impacted george anyway um all of our 2020 classes had to be postponed because of this covet thing so we had to uh move it to 2021. now we had to allow everybody that was registered 2020 to decide what class they could come into 2021 before we could open up to classes i got some lots of exciting news on this i'm going to go through it quick so business our business has expanded rapidly we've lost our classroom which is actually a good thing half of our classroom is going to become part of the shop the other half of it is going to has become part of our shipping room we have a building out back that is 4 000 square foot building and that is going to become our new purple heart it's actually going to be called i can't tell it yet because it's going to have a special name but that's what we're going to teach our classes it'll have a kitchen a fully functioned kitchen it'll have a dining a mess hall it'll have a quiet room for a lot of these guys suffer tbis and end up with really bad headaches they need to have a place where they can chill and we're going to have a nice big classroom that's going to be fantastic we've also been able to increase our size to 14 from 12. jake decided that we would also put a class in april so we could bring in some extra people this year because of the disappointment of not being able to bring them in 2020. so we have a total of how many spots available what do we have what do we start with no no when we released it here the other day so we have 17 spots available that was two days ago when we opened it up again however how many have sold nine eight or nine okay yeah so there's there's a few spots left you go on the site and frank frick put a link in there if you're interested in coming it's two thousand dollars which is a steal and that includes all of your meals and the six day class a local hotel gives us a great rate all the details are on the website anyway if you want to participate in this just act on it quickly in order to be able to get in all right let's get some questions i'm going to come back and i'm going to do some more introductions as times kind of let me know as the as the viewership increases so i can know when to let all the stuff out oh i do have to say this before we start we're going to do a draw several draws tonight so we we do this as a service to you we thought about we said you know why don't we use this as a means of raising money to run the purple heart program and give you the opportunity to participate because it is an incredible thing to do so uh you donate through rob kuzman.com the link will be on there that way we don't lose all these fees that places like youtube take every thousand dollar increment santa claus that story's got to be introduced i'll do that a little bit later write that on there please i already did santa claus pays for this pays for this so every thousand dollar increment we will give away one mortise and tenon set what it's going to include is my medium tenon saw marking gauge and the mortise engage attachment total value come on jake 280 here 75 here 150 for the two 1 150 and 280 whatever that adds up to and we'll give away a completely like that to one person for every one thousand dollar increment that we reach plus we're going to be giving away uh these as well and we'll talk about that a little bit later too let's have a question oh wait a minute you don't have it i got something from the chat anyway yeah okay let's do both well you may as well pass this before you do that um the vets that are on yes thank you thank you thank you mike excuse me just one second if you're a combat wounded vet that has been to our class would you please acknowledge that in the uh chat thing so that megan can tell me so i can say hi to you go ahead i can usually pick out the ones that i know but um anyways danny danny bell danny bell danny bell soon to be retired uh not a chinook um chinook pilot down in uh down in tennessee where's danny's uh oh right here danny runs danny runs a wood business down in clarksville tennessee check them out it's called hardwood grove yeah and also check out his uh channel he's got a youtube channel and also check him out on facebook he does really cool river tables yeah ray ray ray from louisiana yes my brother bob abbott robert robert i just i actually i left your message i'm glad you got it pete pete ambrose uh kevin burris pete down in mississippi kevin burris kevin brother salt of the earth um and also mark is on and so is mark mark smith mark smith hey mark you got to see we're almost done we're going to be painting actually they've already started painting today and angie and angie and lynn are on okay so any vets please make sure you put it on there so megan can spot it all right give me a question all right this comes from our good friend abraham pinsky in israel in israel he says do you ever draw bore your mortise and tenon when yes and when no yes yes yes okay so let me explain first because somebody might not know what it means to draw bore so if you um so here's here's a typical mortise and tenon now just in case somebody doesn't understand or i'll just for the sake of explaining the terminology the rectangular shaped hole in the piece of wood is called the mortise the rectangular extension of the main piece is called the tenon so you put them in like that now drawbore is where this is the inside this is the side that you would show so what you would do is you would drill a hole here and here and then on this piece you would have the hole slightly offset thank you so if by my slightly offset meaning if if i drilled a hole right here on this piece and that would correspond right here i would move it just slightly over here a little bit so that as i drove that pin in and the pin would have a long taper on it as i drove that pin in and it went into this hole which is slightly offset it would have a tendency to pull it this way and that would tighten up the joint that's called drawbore now let me show you some i don't use a lot but i do do this if you look down here on this side jake so when i built this bench this leg has two tenons i have a lot stuff to tell you about this so there's two rectangular shaped holes cut into this piece why not one big one well if you can imagine cutting one great big hole in this you severely weaken this piece so what i did is i did a half inch i cut a mortise in this piece that's a half an inch wide by about that long just a little bit less than the width of this and then i left a space and then i did another one over here so this effectively has two tenons on it going into two mortises but because there's material left between them it helps to maintain the integrity of this piece once i've put it together glued it and clamped it that pulls the joint nice and tight then i went in and i drilled and inserted two pegs two pegs on this side and two pegs on that side now i also offset them you know what that is not on the same line as this one and that prevents you from possibly splitting it so if the grain is running straight like that and you drill a hole here and here slight chance you might do that not a lot but anyway so i purposely offset them so if you look anywhere there's a joint mowers and tenon i have gone in and i have pinned it to help strengthen that joint and i find that just as effective i suppose i would use a drawbore if i was in a situation where you couldn't effectively clamp it but it tends sometimes to be a little bit messy it's uh you got to be really accurate if you offset that hole in the tenon remember you've got a hole in the cheek on this side you've got a hole in the cheek on that side you got a hole in the tenon if you don't offset it enough there's no pulling if you offset it too much that pin that you're driving in it's going to be a wooden pan has to go in that hole and then make it into the hole on the cheek and as you drive it in it pulls that tight but it's really easy to mess things up so i don't use it very often i don't know if i would call it a good furniture joint sometimes it tears up the wood on the inside i like to use this so in order to make this knock down-able if that's a word here you've got a great big piece you've got a hole a large hole cut through this this is the tenon this is part of that now the reason why that's bird's eye and that's not is because i took this and i wrapped it in bird's eye maple so you'd have see that i didn't do it out here and then i've got a wedge on this end this notched hole is tapered so the opening on this side of this hole that i cut in the tenon is not the same size as it is over there so this taper has to be matched on this inside piece so when i drive that in that pulls that thing singing tight and it's not going anywhere what's really nice about that i used to have a i used to have a bench that i traveled with when i did the wood chill circuit and you know that's a that's a grueling way to spend four days you get there you set up you do three days of intense work and then come sunday night when you're tearing down it's the last thing you want to do and i used to my first bench was all bolted together so you're sitting there taking apart all these nuts and bolts and reaching in a tight place to try to get a hold of that and there's a lot of work on the next bench i built i did this and you put the whole thing together whack whack four wax and it's tight four wax and they're apart oh my goodness it was so much easier just it was the way to go and you can make it a real decorative feature by in this case i've got what are these made out of jake oh these are made out of mahogany so the wedges are made out of mahogany and the rest of the bench is made out of which i wouldn't say out of bird's eye well that would be this is actually spanish cedar because like at the time i couldn't find any mahogany and that big of thickness and if i could find it i wouldn't have been able to afford it okay hopefully that uh explained that give me another one please okay all right this one comes from david campbell from scotland hold on just one second give will you give ken the list of ones that came in and he he knows enough about this he can go through and he might find some that are really good thanks ken all right this one comes from david campbell from scotland hi david he said i watched your i watched your tenant tutorial a couple days ago excellent to preserve the strength of the inside quarter would it be possible to have one tenant pass through the other well okay so correct me if i'm wrong what he's talking about is so when i did this one here let's uh let's use the live example so over here where megan has her keys this this was built entirely with hand tools this was the very first project i did in advance furniture class did in calgary back in 2003 i think and we built the whole thing from scratch rough lumber so this is cherry take the drawer out so there's a more there's a two a double mortise on this piece and this apron coming into this leg now this one doesn't have quite the same example so i'm going to pass on this and go show you a different one this it wouldn't matter but over here it would here's a simpler version no drawer in this one so you've got this pine leg you've got a mortise cut on this side actually a double mortise again instead of having one big long mortise which just takes away way too much material this is a relatively weak wood so if you take away too much of it it's just going to fail so what i did is i put a uh there's a mortise here then there's about three quarters of an inch solid wood and then another mortise here and actually the leverage and is to your advantage as well but it also leaves a lot more of this intact and i had to do the same thing over here so now by the way you can imagine the leverage involved if somebody whacks the bottom of this leg with the vacuum cleaner there's just a tremendous amount of leverage so on pine you could easily see that breaking i got an example here so here look at this so here's here's the uh here's what i did instead of this so instead of a big long opening i made two so you've got this holding this together so if you have a big long opening there's not a lot of material keeping that from spread apart and if i had another one over here it just doesn't leave much wood there by leaving this piece in there it strengthens it quite a bit so if i did this on this side and i did on that side and i took that down too deep to where you could end up this one would be cutting into this one because they would eventually meet right here's what it looks like right here if we cut down too far they meet and the minute you remove this connective material in here again it's it creates a lot of weakening of that section of the wood but we stopped the mortise here and on this one we'd stop the mortise here so there's some material keeping that all together his suggestion was if we let one come all the way down to here and then we had this one come and go through it would it strengthen it well number one it would be complicated to do and number two i don't think you're going to gain enough the extra work you're going to have to do without severely weakening this piece particularly in something like pine now i did do that on this chair which is any idea jake any idea where the cherry chair is the cherry chain yeah it's usually sitting right here the cherry the cherry see if i can find it there it is who asked that question frick that was david campbell from scotland oh david all right so here's a uh here's len your question this is how i did it on this one chair is a great example of mortise and tenon joinery because most people will at some point lean back on their chair now think about that let's say you weigh 200 pounds and you're leaning back on the chair there is a tremendous amount of stress on that joint right there tons of it and most mass produced furniture today they're using dowels and that will eventually fail so what i did because i had i was tasked i had a job where i had to replace all of the dining hall furniture for a private school i'd do seating for 200 tables and chairs and i had to design a chair that was uh had institutional strength but didn't want to look like institutional furniture so what i did that you don't see is that this stretcher which would normally be three-quarter i think is 7 8 of an inch thick so it gave it a lot more beef without looking at it so you pick this up it's a lot heavier than you would expect the originals were made out of maple by the way so there's a tenon on this piece there's two of them separated again by a place in the middle the tenon comes through and it comes way back here now the stressful joint is i would say this joint has the most stress this one probably has the second most not very often do people lean in this direction so there's not as much stress on this joint in this joint so on this one i have a half inch dowel here and here and that half inch dowel goes all the way through the cheek on this side goes through the tenon into the second cheek so once you've put this together you now have two half inch dowels coming through here and locking and making it so that this joint pretty much will never fail the wood will fail before that joint will fail because these are dowels not as good a joint but they don't have as much stress on them so this shouldn't fail but i went in and put i wouldn't input reinforcement blocks in there anyway just as a precaution but i think if you're talking talking about locking in that tenon that's probably the best way to do it in that application rex is here okay next question how are numbers by the way we're at 686. okay uh do you got one there ken yeah um do you want does that microphone work okay um sam triana asked do you have to worry about differential expansion or contraction when using two different species in a more container two different species no but there is something to consider if you look at this so here's here we've got a piece of solid wood this this is almost contradictory here's a no now i got to tell you on these great tapes we these are called tajimas and jake found them and you see what happens if you if you drop a normal tape you end up bending that clip you see that that shock absorber right there isn't that cool so impressed with this you can actually read it it's nice and clear on both sides on both sides it's got this really heavy duty clip and by the way i'm surprised how many people don't know this you see why that's loose that's loose so that when you measure when you measure from an outside the clip moves the tape moves in the clip but then when you measure on the inside you have to account for that so that's the reason why the clip moves the clip moves the thickness of this piece but if you drop it like i just did instead of it bending that shock absorber right there helps to keep that from happening great design they're on they're on a site there you go that was a lemon being turned into lemonade so here's the problem you've got the back of this which is six inches so this piece of wood is only going to expand here it's going to grow this way in humidity in the humid part of the year it's going to shrink in this direction in the dry part of the year this piece that it's joined to there's a there's two mortises in this leg and there are two tenons on this this piece is not going to move in its length so you've got six inches that's going to swell and shrink and technically yes so what i do if you use pva or or aliphatic resin glues one is white glue one is yellow glue typical wood glues that we use they actually will creep they're not like an epoxy epoxy is is yeah rock solid whereas these glues will actually allow a little bit of creep so as a precaution and this is a very good question by the way i never put on a joint like that i would never put the end of the the end of the tenon this piece up tight against the ends of the mortise leave a little bit of expansion room in there so that that can creep ever so slightly but in fact when i built my uh i built my uh i built my wife a four poster bed and the uh headboard i designed the headboard so you've got the headboard that's about that big and it's mortised into these legs and i thought this thing's going to move so i made it so that the the the uprights the posts the posts are such uh i wish i had a picture of to show you but i made it so when it went together there was pressure this way on the posts and the the mortises in the bottom are secured and i didn't glue the top mortise there's a big open space like that where this headboard comes into the post this this is a dry fit up in here so that the whole thing can move in other words the thing can shrink and increase in height as it moves seasonally because that mortise up there is dry fit but when i glue when i put it together i made it so that it was just a little bit short on the inside oh this i'm not explaining this the way i want but there's enough pressure this way on the legs or on the posts that they keep that joint tight but because they're not glued it allows it to move a little bit and no problem so far and it's been there for at least 20 years 20 years how old are you i moved in when i was eight didn't i i didn't have that bid there then take a guess probably 12 probably 15 15 years okay 15 years for this chair we're going to do luther says we're going to do a video on this i made 200 of these chairs so i can do one in my sleep and i developed when i started off making them i was chopping the mortises by hand believe it or not and i was i was i was getting paid three hundred dollars a chair i wonder we starved but we are going to do one of these in an upcoming youtube video and no i don't have any plans for it but we'll do something about chairs because that's a complicated topic and it's difficult and to design a chair this is an extension of morrisonton design a chair that is comfortable is not easy you can't have if your seat is parallel to the floor it's not comfortable there's an optimum slant here there's an optimum splay back this way to make it comfortable and uh you don't want pressure under here on the bottom side underneath your knees and then you want your back to fit in that's why that's not a flat back that's not a flat back there's a slight curve to it i did all of those 200 times and i finished that all off with a spokeshave but it's actually quite comfortable bring it bring it up here why now this this was actually a prototype so this one i screwed together i didn't glue this i screwed together there's wood plugs in here so that we could take it apart for whatever reason i don't remember what i was thinking but this has just been beat up uh like like the curves on the apron oh yeah so the idea was just to kind of carry it through so you've got a curve here you've got a curve here you've got a little rate a little radius here you've got a little radius on the side um the leg comes up through i mean so it doesn't look as bulky yeah and the way that the seat attaches is really cool we'll do a topic on that that's actually a good one uh question and answer on building chairs great topic ken got another one i got some correct you're gonna have to whip these answers out a little quicker i think all right this one comes from al dunlap we're getting complaints from you or from the audience no we're not getting complaints we just have a lot of questions they can't see how many questions we have this one comes from al dunlop he says rob when designing a piece with mortise and tenon joints do you vary the size of the joints dependent on the strength of the wood rather than the dimensions of the timber i'll read that and say that again please do you vary the size of the joints depending on the strength of the wood rather than the dimensions of the timber oh well that's that's a good question and the reason it is a good question is because yeah both if i built this if i built this chair out of maple versus building it out of pine i i would definitely have to uh i would have to vary the joints i could get away with and i could get away with a smaller tenon on this in her in maple than i could in pine so yeah i definitely you you have to take all that into account kind of look at an example i can't i can't look at an example right now and tell you but definitely you have to take into account the strength of the timber the first thing would be the dimension and then you would and then on top of the dimension you'd say okay this is pine it needs to be a little bit more yeah here here's the biggest thing here's the biggest mistake people make they cut they've got a great big piece now again this this takes into account the uh the service of the piece if this is going to be we were kind of duplicating this little table so this little table would be it's called a hall table this would sit there and there would be books on it there would be something on it but you're not going to sit on it so it's not going to require a tremendous amount of strength it can be easily made out of pine and as it's built right there it would be fine so you this piece is more visual than anything else didn't need to be that it could have been half of that and it still would have stood up but visually i made it that long so that's not as critical but sometimes it is so what people don't realize is the tenon this piece of lumber which measures measures three and a half by seven eighths of an inch has been reduced in strength to whatever this is and this is two and three quarter by three eighths of an inch so it doesn't matter how big this is that's your weak point right there so if you take that down and make it really skinny like a quarter of an inch tenon you've made you've made an error so you have to take all that into account when you're doing something like that too but here's here's another good example this two legs are pretty much identical this one's made out of cherry this one's made out of pine so i can get a lot more strength out of this and i could have the joints to be smaller than i could in this piece of pine where i'd have to take into account that you start chewing out a lot of that material that's just asking to be broken like i said the thing that suffers or somebody comes along and they just accidentally kick that leg and something breaks i didn't answer that question as well as i would have liked stop right there for a second i want to say something megan i want you to try this on so moose jake said medium so this is uh moose sells these uh things he what caught my attention when he gave me this to auction to uh dr draw for tonight he said he said when he has these in display he said little kids will come up and hug it and he says carrying a couple of these is like carrying a cat is it try it on it's uh i can't remember what he called it but it's if it's getting cool now and i thought it's got it you can you can um zip it must be real canadian beaver fur but did you know it's called a one-third zipper all right try it tell everybody how great it is we got three sizes so whoever what it's very isn't it i like i have other sweaters like this and this is the softest one yeah all right so we're gonna we're gonna uh we're gonna draw for that tonight thank you you can wear it should i display moose's website yes put moosa's website on there he has lots of good designs and good sweatshirts and good t-shirts i know but we just did a couple pictures of your favorite teeth so this is uh this is a hoodie and what i like about this it says the captain is always right and then if you read closely we'd like to change that to the colonel as always i'm the captain so some lucky two people will get that tonight and if you want your own go on moosa's site and order it he'll be thrilled and he's very prompt to send out to you it would go out monday morning really good prices too but really nice apparel okay question uh we're good we got manoli coming tonight noah's gonna play some original tunes is he here yet rex okay keep an eye open for him jake move for just a second let's see if i forgot anything you know what uh one more question i want to talk about the bench brigade all right this next one actually two really quick ones first one what kind of glue do you use for mortise and tenon um i use this almost exclusively i would do commercials for these guys i'm going to tell you a little bit about it so that you can understand so i built a piece of furniture it's called the bended ash bench no no it was called the weave back in back in the time when i was in school and you could design stuff you didn't care if it sold or not so i had this coffee table you guys have it don't you and it's made out of three pieces several pieces several st never mind it's it's bent laminated furniture it's bent around a form and glued so three pieces of wood glued together over a form when the glue dries they hold their shape but they're under tension and i had it sitting in a photographer's studio and during the weekend he had a hot water heating system it leaked uh the water went up into it delaminated all it was ruined so this is waterproof so it has all of the qualities that you want actually i got to tell you one more story hold on i used to use type tight bond 2. a type bond 2 is a regular wood glue aliphatic no it's whatever they call it i can't remember and i had another piece of furniture similar type of feed in fact it was exact same piece of furniture i think it was and it was in a gallery down in saint andrews new brunswick and the heat from the sun behind the glass was enough that it delaminated the pieces literally start to spring apart and they called and told me i went down and got it and i said this is crazy well i took a section of that and was a slight curve i took a section of that went into my mother's house in her oven and at 120 degrees fahrenheit you don't realize this that glue failed 120 degrees fahrenheit sometimes in parts united states this summer it's been 120 degrees now i found that i said whoa i got to change what i use so titebond three great glue and it has the waterproof aspect of it so i use it on just about everything now they sell it by telling you that it has a little more open time i don't know if i believe that or not but you got the waterproof aspect plus all of the qualities you want in a regular wood glue that's the one i use almost all the time rex grab me that gorilla glue please back there and other glues that i use a lot is tight bond cyan acrylate and that comes in three consistencies water thin which is thin what would you say the medium is a medium would be like a cough syrup and and the thick now the thick would be very much like maple syrup grab me a bottle of maple syrup please this is gorilla glue this is uh your polyurethane glue expanding uh it's terrible messy it's like putting caulking on something by the time you're done you got it all over you but in its application this is really good stuff we use it when we make when we make our marking gauges we were having a problem with some of the woods would split on us because what we've done is we've taken a piece of wood drilled it out put it in between this piece of brass and turn it down so you've got glue apartment you have wood expanding at a different rate than the metal the brass is so what we decided to do was uh actually a friend of mine rex burningham told me this he said drill your wood a little larger in diameter use polyurethane glue to put them together the polyurethane glue will expand and it'll also give you that little bit of wiggle room that allows the wood to move at not the same rate as the brass and prevent it from splitting and so far it's worked greatly and he's used it for a long time that question was from harold golden by the way i didn't say harold do another quick one yeah yeah okay this one comes from jeff laveno in the chat uh hi jeff he wants to know if you recommended a mortise chisel yet this video this stream yeah if you have one um we do so i was around when this happened so this is the lee nelson mortis sizzle and here's what i'm going to tell you that you're going to find you go out and try to find mortise chisels and if you check them with a square you're going to find that rarely are they going to actually be square so what you'll find is they look like this in shape and this is really problematic and it's going to take me a second to explain this but i'd rather take the time to explain it to you so that you actually understand it instead of just trying to hurry through so we can answer a few more questions i want my mortise chisel to be square okay so if you did a cross section i want it to be square instead you find a lot of them that look like this just poor machining here's the reason why yeah and you know the theory is that some have them like this well i don't like i don't believe in that at all i want them square now let me explain why when you are chopping the mortise the whole idea behind a thick chisel is number one you're really wailing on this thing and you're also prying so a beveled edge chisel which is a third of the thickness will have a tendency to flex but you also want meat here so as you're going down into that hole the fact that it's touching the sides of the chisel it keeps it from twisting on you okay if you have this that's not going to happen and they'll tell you the people that prefer this say oh well this gets jammed no it doesn't never does here's the problem that you run into it when you do this when i chop a mortise or when i teach people who are just getting started to chop mortises i recommend that you do it this way one are we done with this one marking gauge line instead of two so much easier to follow okay so one marking gauge line like that hopefully you can see it and then i take my square and i draw some lines like this perpendicular to that mark now when i set my chisel on there as long as i set my chisel so that it's parallel to that mark this side of the chisel is going to be parallel to that gauge line if you end up like this that's not going to happen so you want these things to be square in cross section okay now the thing what you've got to be able to do is you've got to hold it so it's standing plumb so you're not off like this or off like that but you don't want to be sideways or cockeyed this way you want the side of the chisel to remain parallel to that line if you didn't don't do this you're trying to eyeball that and that's very difficult to do putting those little gauge marks on there pencil marks on there and then having your edge of your chisel parallel to that line keeps this parallel to the gauge mark okay now let me talk about i got to read this off my phone because frick stole the mouse so i couldn't print it off um uh time okay so we have a program called the bench brigade and this is really morphed into something far bigger than i ever thought it would be we bring these guys in guys and gals we've had three females send them home without sending home with some training and these tools and they go home they have no bench and i was very late in realizing this and i said we got to do something about this well jack lane stood up and said rob i would love to run this program for you and run it he has done and he's had some great help pronounce chris's last name for me chris is a real hero in this program i'm just going to i asked jack to to put this together for me so that i could read it and just tell you some of the things so we don't miss out first of all what what it entails we have civilian volunteers and sometimes they're vets themselves they agree to procure all the materials walk with me jake procure all the materials build the bench we send them the vice and the bench dogs and they build to our spec our mdf rob cosman workbench and deliver it this is at their own expense deliver it to a vet that jack has found that lives closest to them so either it's one of the vets that has come to our workshop in the past or will be coming to our workshop we want to make sure every vet has had got it has a bench to use the vice has been taken off of this one but here's the vice here's here's the the work a working bench so it's got the schoberg bench on there which has the rectangular guide so it doesn't rack at all the aluminum bench dogs one inch fantastic bench nice and heavy made out of a sheet of md a sheet of one-inch mdf and a sheet of 5 8-inch baltic birch plywood sturdy as a rock that's what we use in our classroom so we were looking for 36 volunteers so we could supply all of last year's this year's participants with a bench we ended up with over a hundred so i'm just going to read you just from from the notes that he sent me and i gave this to him very late but he put it together so we announced this on a live event in march on march 21st of this year's when we first started on this jack came on board around that time initial call was for 36 volunteers to build a bench and now where i say we're at 100. so larry and lynn mcdonald from oklahoma and carl bring from florida were the our first volunteers april may and june our email blew up right now we have 90 volunteers that's actually been up to 100 in canada and they're in located in canada the united states the uk and australia so this thing is spread worldwide not we're not turning people away we're keeping names as bench brigade national guard so if you're still interested if you want to participate we will have a demand in the future right now we've outstripped we've got more volunteers and we have vets to help but we will still take your name and we will put you in the national guard most amazing people jack's ever met and he says that in all sincerity covid prevented building any of the 2020 class benches so that's kind of been put on that part's been put on hold but what we wanted to do was go back and make sure every vet that's been to our class has them so we've been filling up that who received theirs today just oh dan hi phil phil lawton got his win oh today phil lawton got his today and i just talked to dan out in montana and he just put his together oh dan's on hey dan i called him he was just about to call me so it's gary gary well gary's always on we just assume gary gary's just part of the team i should be mentioning that um okay so the first bench went to chris cosum built by rick smid in houston now chris we've got a new program fairly new where we're going to bring a previous vet from uh from previous classes they're going to come in as our guest instructor so that gives us a chance to reconnect with some of the guys from the past so every class we teach now in the future we'll have an additional vet from a previous class coming in and we'll extend those invitations as we can so chris kosum is coming um rick front runner was with three benches oh rick's front runner with three benches chris kosem ray door and chris chris leverkin total so far 27 benches have been built and delivered or soon to be delivered uh one built but on hold due to border closure uh special shout outs r l carriers have been fantastic in helping us get these benches joss faust and have we gotta pick oh yeah josh faust has been making this is really cool um you know what i'm so happy about is that so many people are catching the spirit of this and realizing what we owe these guys so uh jeff faust has been making these josh sorry i read one name below has been making these plaques this is one they presented to me a few weeks ago making these plaques got the vet's name on it and it's and it's designed to go on his bench to personalize it and last week we even had pete say pete built his own bench but but he got one yeah and josh sent him one so well we have to take care of pete um pete was uh he started out as vietnam and was in the service right up he was actually in the first gulf war now josh jaw pardon me jeff church jeff church is making of making a bench for zach clayton and zach is a combat wound event in hawaii and that is being a ups his work is is going to is that already been i don't think it's been delivered yet but ups uh is paying to ship that over there jeff actually flies for them and when he took it to their his superiors they wanted to be part of it which i we think is fantastic now chris schuske who as as jack calls him is the mvp by far does whatever it takes to get to make this happen he arranges the moves pick up in delivery gets the price quotes planning a non-profit this is what jeff is doing yeah chris is doing is planning a non-profit to support the purple heart project part of the problem is that we're in canada most of our audiences in the united states and it's created some problems in trying to put together a non-profit perhaps add name to big donors oh okay i'm reading the notes i'm supposed to have read not out loud we've got uh we've got so many people that participated and i wish i had it in front of me to read but you know most of them don't want their names read out which leads me to santa claus we have an individual he and his wife we've nicknamed them santa and mrs claus they have been they have been the financial backers he actually put me on this path he doesn't realize that but i don't want to talk about that right now but uh he knows how much we appreciate him is jesse ready manoli's here uh i can get jesse pretty much whenever i think okay let's get manoli in we'll have a tune and then uh and then we'll bring jesse on why don't we take a question okay manola you want to get ready while i'm doing this last question okay come on in i'm just going to do this one question and then we'll get you going go ahead ken paul rigney uh from knoxville paul and paul rigney paul made the bench paul organized east tennessee luther's guild they built the guitar i said bench that uh we raffled off and actually we raised the money to pay for it all to support the purple heart they donated it and it's going off to uh jake taroula in minnesota okay that's what he was wondering he said he missed a few episodes and wanted to know what happened to the guitar oh that's that's in the works that's is that the question yeah okay your brother hey how are you got some original stuff i do no beard no sunglasses no beard no sunglasses what are you playing uh well i'm playing a gibson j45 [Laughter] what what what song give give us everybody's been asking so give us an update because i know the music's now available right well thank you very much uh music's now available on itunes uh spotify and all the major online distributions it's manoli kiosk and uh i'm sure rob could add a link to the bottom of the page you know how to spell that yep manolakios.com which will bring you all the links also uh you can follow me on youtube as well we uh we don't have a mic for him right now oh but he's talking loud yeah he's talking though it's fine but i mean for with the music so he yeah we need him we need it how long is that going to take i don't know where all right let's do another question my little brother i'm going to put you on pause if we get your mic sorry we weren't ready for that we forgot you do that i'll do a question ken somebody asked about the when we'll have our adjust stars oh the adjusters oh yeah so this has been a huge hit um one of the things that i'm i i love to do is ask the question why was it done that way is there a better way to do it i drove poor down this crazy the adjustar is something i came up with uh oh a year how long we work on a year maybe even more so definitely we came up with it i say we because it was a week when you bought that chamfer plane at that wood show and that would have oh that's what spread the idea right so that's the adjuster knob on a typical plane and the smaller the diameter the less leverage the harder is the harder it is to turn my first solution was to go in and take a file and cut the grooves deeper so you could get some torque on there well you start you if you live in the northern part of the country and you're over 55 you start to experience some arthritis in your hands and it's not fun and trying to do stuff like this can be really difficult jake and i and probably luther and dave are with us at a wood show and there's an older guy there that always brings a bunch of antique tools and i always like to support them and i like to buy some of them and this had a knob on there for tightening things up that was a five spoked wheel and i remember thinking wow this would make a fantastic adjustment knob so we went to work we have a guy named paul hayden paul is i call him a genius because i could look over here and i could pick out several items that i had the idea i met up with paul and between the two of us we would come up with we would come up with a solution i say we i had the idea he had the manufacturing capacity and the brain power to actually make it work one of the things that we came up with is this and i remember when i first came up with this idea and actually uh ken can you go grab me one this is a this is a prototype the the dovetail trainer was one of our ideas the mortise engage which is actually probably the best mortising gauge out there paul was responsible for this as well and the nice thing about it is when you're trying and think we're talking about mowers and tenons this has to be exactly the same as the mortise chisel so what you do is you unwind that you set that in your chisel in between the two cutters you tighten that up until it squeezes the chisel then you tighten up this knob on the back and that locks the two in place now that represents this and everything on a mortise and tenon joint is dictated by the width of your chisel so once you've chopped that out and you go over and you lay out your tenon according to this it fits in there perfectly and the fit of a tenon and a mortise must be precise so here's a great idea and this was yeah i remember when i first approached paul he gave me so much good information on this how do you learn where plum is how do you learn to saw 10 degrees to the left 10 degrees to the right so this fits on the end of your saw you tighten it up with a little nylon screw what's this made out of delron it's really light but strong it fits on there you tighten it up and then you put your chisel in a vise put your chisel put your saw on a vise so it's standing plumb you adjust this level until the bubble is right in the middle now this little dial over here has three notches in it and you loosen the set screw and you put the center notch lined up with this and then you that gives you a plumb cut if you want to learn to cut 10 degrees to the left or right you simply push this down until the notch on the far end lines up and now you're at 10 degrees this way you're 10 degrees that way the idea is instead of holding it against something which doesn't require anything from you you're holding it like this until you get that bubble in the middle and that gives you the feel for where that particular angle is great idea thank you paul so took paul the idea we got the first shipment in they lasted 12 hours and they were gone and this is the adjuster it fits on your wood river plain except for four will not fit a three or four only good on a five five and a half six or seven four and a half four and a half sorry gives you tons of leverage and and we have a separate one for elie nielsen gives you tons of leverage so that you can easily make those adjustments it's so much better and our next shipment will be here sometime in this coming week so that's the news on the adjuster are we ready to go brother sure okay i'm gonna turn time over manola he's gonna give us a little uh entertainment as soon as he's done we're gonna bring on jesse take it away thanks again for having me and thanks for tuning in um you can check out my new single uh anywhere really and you can see it at manoli kumbayas.com this next song is called denim queen and it's something that i i'm gonna release in a couple couple more weeks [Music] she was walking through the desert in her eyes feeling homesick with the blue waiting for train to come and take her [Music] and i was feeling good beside the fire she was standing out beside the ocean in the moonlight crying oh denim queen yesterday don't matter if you're wrong a little get much better if you just let go of the feelings [Music] let you down [Music] yesterday don't matter if you're wrong it'll get much better if you just let go of the feeling if you just let go of the feeling [Music] you down take me a bit to get warmed up cheers 20 minutes give us another one appreciate it question oh no we got jessie we got jesse set up almost uh jack lane actually emailed me wanted me to make sure that after you gave the shout outs shout outs to the bridge prograde that you and jake get your proper uh recognition for your support and vision for everything we uh we get more than you can imagine from what we do this is uh this i tell everyone this is an honor and a privilege and i am yeah i i don't uh this is my passion this is my passion i would i will do it until the day that i die these people deserve it and being around them is is a pro absolute privilege now you may not understand that but you talk to people like any of the ones that have come to our class and they will tell you what it is like it is awesome ken was there um question while we're waiting on jesse yeah i i have him on the phone but it's not coming in okay you get it figured out can we get a question that we can handle hey dean i know dean uh how did jake get the back the chisel so highly polished without any scratches i'm using the trend one thousand the chapter four thousand eight thousand sixteen thousand i'm spending an hour on each step and i can't get anywhere close to results that i see from jake i'll send jake up after the covid that is a long question i'll try to get to it dean it's it's it's not a i don't have a short answer for it and it's a little off topic but i don't want to avoid it but i'll try to get to it if we can come back to it if we have time it's it's just a long answer um i i guess i i got to tell you about sean mcdermott i need to you got them ready yeah before we go i want i want to give a big shout out to sean mcdermott so sean was in class number two and uh sean is a really good guy he and i have a history some amazing things happen between the two of us from the way we found them to what happened after that but i've stayed in touch with them sean's in the hospital hope you're healing better they took him to the hospital by ambulance his appendix had burst so he was septic they spent six hours cleaning him out and he's going to be there for a little while longer i talked to angela the other day his wife she's the first she's a nurse so all this through this covert thing she's been doing her part so big shout out to angela as well but shawn brother hold in there you're going to be fine and you're going to hear more about sean in the future because he's helping us develop something that is going to be maybe even second only to the adjustar in terms of making a plane more useful stay tuned on that one sean hope you hope you're feeling better soon all right i'm going to take you to jesse paredes we're ready to go we are we are all right i've been down to visit jesse two or three times since this whole thing started and i would not be able to hold my composure if i had to tell the story so i'm going to let him do it i'm going to come around here where i can see him jesse hey rob how you doing brother doing good yeah we've come a ways haven't we yeah a very long way rob take it away all right uh hello i'm jesse paredes out in sunny socal and uh so i met rob a few years ago and uh since then there's been a lot of progress a lot of changes in my life um so kind of just want to reach out to any veteran out there for a second and uh brothers sisters you've been there i've been there so there was a time when things were dark and uh nothing made sense i felt alone uh felt despair all the time just hopelessness 24 7. and uh i went down some bad paths gotten some ways that i wish i wouldn't have but it was all part of my path i guess to reach today and uh thankfully with people like rob and uh so many others out there santa claus uh i've made it and uh my family friends i've made it by the grace of god i've made it i'll tell you a quick story about it a relative of mine that i just found out a few days ago did not make it and um his marine my age uh me and him were on the same path he did all the same things i did and unfortunately no matter who reached out to him nothing worked and uh he felt most comfortable out there on the streets with a drug with a bottle of something and he didn't make it that was uh monday morning this week that he was found and my heart goes out to him isaac martinez marine corps hurrah uh but there's still a chance if you feel like you're there that there's so many ways to come back and make it you know that's what i'm always talking about is making it you know you can make it there's always a chance open your hearts open your minds and you can make it and that brings me to uh the civilian side of people out there if you're kind of on the fence about whether or not to join in on this and maybe do one of these scripts like i said i made it this is my son seven months old um his name is cash with a k and this is candy my wife um i'm making it but let me say hi let me finish addressing to the civilians out there if you're on the fence about whether or not to sign up for rob's class to take part of this to meet a veteran to help change your life um i mean you can help us so much you can help the purple heart foundation it just you know [Music] the kid kind of threw me off um yeah give it a chance veterans give it a chance civilians joining together like this we're making differences um yeah and um that's what i got to say it's all right appreciate you taking the time and uh you know rob promised me one of those cool uh dead cat sweatshirts uh if i didn't maple syrup maple butter oh maple butter maple butter you don't qualify for the maple butter you get the syrup so just want to say thank you to everybody who takes part in this and uh the program's come so far and it can continue to thrive just like the veterans can continue to thrive so thank you rob thank you for having me jesse can you can you address the actual woodworking and all the woodworking is awesome uh unfortunately due to circumstance i never got to attend the actual uh training seminar over in canada there but i've done some woodworking with rob as he's come out here a few times and also in boise idaho at woodcraft and the woodworking is awesome i haven't been able recently because i have the kid in a full-time job i work as a general contractor now out here in california and i get to apply a lot of my woodworking school skills just on a different level but the woodworking is great taking a piece of rough lumber is like taking a veteran and you work and you love into that piece of rough lumber and before you know it you have a awesome piece of uh furniture or an awesome uh you get what i'm saying um yeah so it's all just great and purple heart keep it going santa claus when uh it's a long story about how we weren't able to get jesse to the class in in niagara falls where we used to teach the program but that's actually where luther stepped in because i couldn't go across the border i forgot my passport to pick jesse up so luther volunteered that's how he came on board which that was huge in getting our program going and santa claus is actually one that paid to send jesse up to seattle in fact he told me right after this happened he said the next time you're in the united states you tell me and i'll make sure that jesse gets up there and spends some time with this so he flew jesse up from southern california to uh spokane pardon me not spokane boise we were there at the store owned by uh monty and we just had a great time we were doing their uh they had a show going on and we got to spend a couple of days there it was fantastic so big shout out to sandy santa santi santa claus and monty for taking care of that and i can't i cannot talk about you without talking about joe because joe bright was a combat wounded vet from florida came to our class ended up moving to southern california and i put these two guys together and joe just kind of kept tabs i couldn't be there joe was and a lot of jesse's success is the result of joe being that guy who just said rob you need to call jesse and just at the right always at the right time and he's been a good friend to him he's been fantastic so a big shout out to joe for what he's done and there were other people that i can't remember their names but that were involved along the way as well so jesse i i'm gonna i'm gonna post that picture of you with your wife and son because i just think it's the epitome of uh of where you are now compared to where you were a few years ago and we've had we've been up and down we've been we've been in some tough spots and i am thrilled to see you where you are today so thank you brother for sure thank you and i just wanted to say that that's a big part of the healing for us veterans is other veterans is others who just have a big enough heart to listen to advise to guide and you know as long as i've known you rob that's all you've been to me is just an angel and uh i love you for that and everybody else is just taking such a interest in making our lives better awesome all right i'll call you tomorrow we'll catch up yeah all right rob take care thanks jess oh what a what shameless plug right here really quick my wife has a youtube channel she does street music she writes her own and plays guitar and you just had that great guitarist on right now and it made me think about it so if i can just put a little shameless plug in here she's on youtube too uh candyswan c-a-n-t-i-s-w-a-n if you guys uh check out a video or two of hers we're actually getting ready to go do some street music right now the way woodworking is my therapy music is her therapy so uh if you can go give that a like and uh maybe even subscribe if you like awesome i'll have frick put uh put the link on there thank you all right dude talk to you soon bye-bye fantastic oh i wish i could i wish uh i wish you knew the two extremes because it didn't matter what we went through this has all been so worth it it was that's fantastic okay um just move a little bit jake so i see my notes what i forgot got to hold shawn uh just stars training hand what's the one that oh you race the ones we've already done okay don't forget our t-shirts we've got to keep angie working pick up a t-shirt teal navy army green big thank you to moose for the shirts and uh megan's loving hers so if you want to wear a cat it's softer than a cat wow and i'm not allergic to it either i'll get one of those for my wife she'll love that thanks moose question who's got who's got one you get anything alive off the chat yes but i'm in between like six windows can give us one well his microphone yellow as i've been always yell it bobby in kansas what's he saying bobby in kansas [Music] bobby in kansas is there a way to prevent uh glue squeeze out when you're assembling a mortise and tenon uh getting at the end of an exposed tenon pardon sorry this was this was john acres in washington state when making through tenons is a way to prevent glue squeeze out from getting on the end of the exposed tenon uh on a through tenon is there a way to prevent squeeze out okay so what i'm assuming he's talking about you know i i don't really have an example of that that i can think of yeah yeah actually yes i i no so sometimes what you'll do is if you look down here so this is what you would call an exposed tenon but sometimes instead of this you would just have the tenon come all the way through and typically what you would do you might have on this one you might have an eighth of an inch sticking out and you would cut a chamfer on all four sides so it's just a nice it just adds a third dimension to other words a two-dimensional look so when you put it together that's got to come all the way through so how do you do it without having that glue all over the piece at the end so how would i do that um actually whoa that's a tough one um i'm thinking you could possibly tape the end of the tenon in other words tape so here's here's mine here's what it looks like there's the end of my my tenon that's been chamfered put tape over the entire the the ten the the chamfers and the end and then peel it off afterwards that would allow you to go ahead and put it together like you normally would but you're gonna have glue coming out here too well i got to think about that when i was the first thing i thought of when he mentioned that was when we do a uh when we do this which is a dovetail that is exposed or not exposed but is proud you don't want glue all over there so what i do typically is i put the joint together about part way and then i reach in and put glue on the sides of the pins and then put the joint together and it has minimal glue and now the result of that has been that a couple one of these joints is actually broken free because it doesn't allow for a lot of glue other words you're in there trying to get glue from all that area and that's tough really tough how would i do it that that answer that i just gave which is to masking tape or tape off the end of the tenon and i might even i might even tape off the face this part tape off all over there just cut out where the actual tenon is as the mortise is put your joint together and then once the glue has gotten gummy get rid of what you can pull the tape off of all the pieces and that would possibly work it'd be labor intensive but that's a tough one sorry i can't give you an answer better than that another one can you i frick you get a live one no just know well luther has been answering there he's he sends me the ones that he wants you to answer okay what else you got ken uh john root in uh arkansas would you cut the tennis or the mortise first i've seen it down both ways and i'm confused now would you cut the tenon or the mortise first okay this is this is a good question and only has one answer so whoever answered the other way that's not correct you always remember your more your joint is determined by the chisel so in this case i have i have a 3 16 i have a quarter i have a 3 8 i have a half and in here actually this is 5 16 this is a quarter so there are my options for chopping mortises you're not going to go in and chop a half inch mortise by using a 3 8 inch chisel and then moving it over let me explain what you're trying to do what you have to do is the walls inside the mortise must remain parallel to one another if you flare it you put this joint together and it's sloppy inside the glue does not fill gaps if if the side that side of the tenon is not touching the inside of the mortise like it is right there and the other piece touching the opposite side of the tenon like that you're not going to have a very strong joint well that's difficult to do your go no-go is oh incredibly tight tolerances so it has to fit literally touching on both sides as it goes together in order for the glue to do its job that means those walls must remain parallel that's why you use a chisel that is the exact width and as you're chopping it maintains that parallelness if that's a word okay so this determines your mortise this one is not adjustable once you've chopped that that is done you can easily fit this to that but to try to turn around and make that fit this and maintain parallel walls if you've got to come in there and start pairing the sides of this with a beveled edge chisel and think that it's going to stay parallel to that it's not forget it you always fit your tenon to your mortise mortise comes first tenon comes second now i'm going to throw something in here nice thing about nice thing about cutting your tenon ideally you want to do it with a saw that will allow you i've got that out here for a reason will allow you to be able to eventually get to the point where you can make this cut with the saw and it be the final part meaning you don't think i'm going to do anything you want a saw that will rip and track beautifully meaning you get a nice straight cut if it isn't then you got to come in and make an adjustment and probably the most precise the tool to do that is a router plane don't don't do anything to the face or the faces of this piece until after the joint is cut so that's come out of the thickness planer if that's what you're using those sides are parallel now you would set your your router plane down like this lock it and by maintaining contact on this side so that big surface stays on here you can go in there and you can take off as much or as little as you need off of this but what that will produce is this side or cheek of the tenon will remain parallel to this and if this side and this side are parallel then when you come in and alter this one or adjust its thickness it too will remain parallel to that and this and this will be parallel so if they're parallel and the inside faces of your mortise are parallel this joint is going to work always fit your tenon to your mortise next question all right i got one uh this is from ed ianni i think it's how you pronounce it where is he uh it doesn't say it's in the chat so location doesn't he says does the one-third the two-third rule generally hold up regardless of wood type um good question really good question so you're going to have let's talk about the different mortises you're going to have by the way remind me to highlight the through wedge tenon so you've got mortises where you've got an apron going into a leg so this piece is going to be thinner than this piece you have over here jake please you have face frame work here's a good example face frame is this or on a door frame this is your style this is your rail they're the same thickness so in that application so this is called a through wedge tenon just so that you understand what you're looking at this piece is goes right here that what you're looking at right there is an extension of this this hole in this piece this is the style the hole in there or the mortise is tapered so it's wider here than it is in here so if you were able to look through you would see this on an angle and that on an angle before i put it together i made a cut the saw in the end of the tenon on an angle so it came very close to the end that allowed me to put this together with glue and then drove wedges in from this side the wedges represent the distance or the difference between the opening out here and the opening on this side so the wedge causes that piece of the tenon to move up glue puts it all together and that fills the opening so now you've got this internal dovetail extremely strong now back to your question if i had made the tenon a half an inch wide it would make for a much stronger tenon but then i'd be left with just an eighth of an inch material on both sides so all of a sudden the weak link is not going to be in the tenon it's going to be in the mortise itself or in this case on the style you've got these little thin eighth inch sides so what we do typically in an application like this is a third third and a third so your cheek this is going to called the cheek the cheek is the third of the thickness in this case a quarter because this is three quarter wide the tenon is a quarter and the cheek on the other side is a quarter and you're not you you have to balance it makes for a very thin tenon but you got to have the same amount of material on both sides of it as well so in a face frame application you go by the rule one third one third one third and the middle one third is the thickness of your tenon now in this application where you have a thinner piece going into a thicker piece then you want to maximize the strength of this piece by keeping that tenon as wide as possible you just all you want is just a little bit of a shoulder let me explain what that is hence the name shoulder plane the only part of this joint you'll ever see is where this shoulder interacts with the piece that has the mortise in it you're never going to see any of this stuff so you want to have just as minimal the minimal amount of shoulder coming up against this keep this as thick as you can for strength purposes in applications where you can do that so you don't need to pay attention to the third third and third rule in this application or in a chair application again this would be even more important because you want to maintain the strength of of this member so i kept this as thick as i could i probably had just eight thin shoulders on either side okay now i just want to mention this real quick what i already did over there this is this is uh this is just a decorative way to highlight it actually i want to show you this because some people would ask why did you do that so if you if you look at this this stretcher it comes through the leg and it i'm using holly as the wedges now down here any time you cut a mortise your mortise always has to be cut so that it's running parallel to the grain if you went the opposite way when you drove these wedges in it would cause this to split but as long as the wedge is perpendicular to the grain you don't have a problem so so when i'm joining this piece into here you would think that you'd have a big mortise like that but you couldn't do that because when you go to wedge it you split this thing so i had to make two small mortises so i'm wedging again perpendicular to the grain that's why you have two down in here instead of one running the opposite direction okay hopefully that made some sense just give you a quick update too this is our our current project in our online workshop where we're building a standing desk so we got this drawer finished i think we may have actually had it done last time so all of our stationary materials are in here and this one is going to be our chain our our drawer that has all of our money in it so this is going to be the case you wanted to know yeah yeah steel stuff on the right side so this is going to be our change drawer it's all being dovetailed together and then these pieces are all going to fit in here to make the little spots where the money goes the bills are going to be the backside it's really cool join us you'll love it and in case you're new and you haven't seen this so that the customer can access a pen or pencil after i open my door watch over here it's because we didn't want to have uh we didn't want to have ugly handles on this and inside we always try to hide our drawers in plain sight you reach up underneath there's a little v on the underside of the drawer and there's a hole in the bottom and that allows you to reach up in there to open that up just in case you're interested and angie's desk is up there and i promise i'm going to work on that in the next week or so and get that finished so we can go deliver to her next question before wearing manoli back actually we need to bring manuela back one question quick all right this one comes from you ready this one comes from anthony steventon and he says is there a difference in sharpening a mortise chisel versus a beveled chisel is there a difference in sharpening a mortise chisel versus a beveled edge chisel yes there is um i'm going to pause that for just one second how are we doing on donations tonight megan so we're 20 away from giving away a second kit so remember you can go on the link is on there so when you when you typically sharpen a beveled edge chisel 25 degrees is the standard and 25 degrees means that you'll get down into the wood without crusting the fibers and it gives you a nice sharp edge if you put 25 degree bevel on a mortise chisel you'd be way down here and it makes it too thin this takes a lot of beating when you're chopping a mortise and a piece of maple you're really wailing on that thing so you need to keep this fairly stout so typically we have a 30 degree bevel on a mortise sizzle 25 degree bevel or slightly lower on a beveled edge these aren't used in quite the same manner if you're using a gra a bench grinder here's the reason why you want to use a eight inch versus a six inch now this has what's called a hollow grind in there i don't know if you can see it or not but you're using a round wheel so you put that up against the round wheel part of that arc is going to be on the chisel well because the chisels are so thick this way if you're using what you would do to determine your 30 degree bevel is you're going to have a straight edge that would connect the heel and the toe like that you can see a little gap in there that's the result of the hollow grind of the chis of the grinding stone if and that's what determines your 30 degrees right if you had a six inch wheel you'd end up with having a lot more arc in here like this and now in trying to get a 30 degree bevel this way the six inch hollow grind really takes a chunk out of the middle making this tip very very weak so what i suggest is an eight inch wheel and the eight inch wheel will back that off so that you don't have nearly as much material being removed and removed in the middle and you maintain enough of an angle out here to strengthen that cutting edge hope that helped brother we got another one yes i do thanks again for having me on here please follow the link and like subscribe and share here's a song called uh evangelina i originally wrote it on a piano and found a cassette of it a few years ago and then turned it into an acoustic guitar song won't you listen to what i have to say the concrete is at your back door but you got no way to stay so let down here beside me show me that you care [Music] rock me [Music] if we said goodbye eventually it's just my foolish pride picking up the pieces of my broken you tearing at my heart that you know how to use to talk to me with kindness kisses on my face lay down here beside me i just need to taste evangeline [Music] evangeline [Music] it's just my [Music] but foolish no better than me and you should let her [Music] like a bird up in the sky evangeline [Music] evangeline [Music] it's just my foolish [Music] the stars you gotta shine like a star all right you finish this off tonight in about 10 10 minutes or so thanks ron all right thanks question uh yep just give me a second here oh by the way uh i got a note from jesse he said thanks for making me a nervous wreck that's why i don't call them until about an hour before i want them to do it yep no no i know what he eats do over it all week so all right this question comes from salvatore cali i know that name yeah he's he's a regular he wants how do you lay out uh how do you lay out and cut a mortise through a circular section of timber how do you lay out and cut a mortise through a circular section of timber but i i don't know um i'm gonna he's gonna have to give us a little more information because i'm not quite following what he's asking wouldn't you have to do that in the square first well that was going to be my first answer but i didn't want to answer without fully understanding if i was if i was going to join like jake just said if i was going to join something and the final result was i was bringing a leg into a round piece i would cut it i would do the mortise if possible do the mortise and the square after it's cut then go and cut your round parts and if that's if your question is different than that please clarify and i'll i'll give it another go i i just want to mention something so there's the maple syrup i was telling you about rex brought this out this is maple butter i talk about it often if you've never tasted it then this is what heaven is like this is maple syrup that has had more of the water taken out of it and that's all it is also known as canadian peds pass it over here i want something what's bed performance enhancing next time for every amount of donation you take a shot it's uh it's delicious absolutely delicious we've got it on our site now so if you want some get some and try it what go ahead no i was gonna say luther about that previous question uh luther clarified he said a tenon going through a round leg into a round leg oh oh oh okay a tenon going into a round leg so the round is this way hmm how would i do that well you could do one of two ways you could flat you could cut a little flat spot on the round leg where you're going to come in or you could cut the mortise and then you would take your tenon or the shoulder of it and that's where you would cut a radius on there so like that so now that that part is rounded that has to so if you're if you had an inch and a half diameter leg that you were going into then you had to have an inch and a half diameter radius in that but the nice thing about that is you could and that wouldn't be difficult to do i mean start off square and then just come in after the fact and shape that and that could be done mostly with the chisel in fact you would have to be done with the chisel how would you cut that with your chisel well i'm just thinking that i would probably go in here and just cut it straight undercut that and then when it came out here i would come in with a gouge i would come in with an appropriate size gouge and come in and make that cut up here on the top i wouldn't worry about trying to i wouldn't worry about trying to make that surface actually a radius i would simply just come in with a nice sharp i'm done with this right i guess yeah this was part of the video that we did the other day so that's why i'm asking jake if i can destroy it i would simply come in with my chisel and almost right here at the point i would come in and i would just undercut like that so that you had enough clearance so that come up tight and out here would control you know you this has this has to come up tight at the same time that that gap closes and with an appropriate size carving chisel you could come in and cut that radius to fit that's how i would do it next simon giankowski from birmingham england he said how would you cut a mortise and tenon that is bigger than your available mortise chisels example given top of a bench leg yeah that's that's a that's a really good question that's where and you if you want to do it by hand that's a tough one um my biggest my biggest chisel is a half inch so what i did and that's probably part of the reason [Music] so here's here's a mortise that but this hasn't done the quite the same way here's an example you got a great big huge mortise so when i built this leg down here i mean this piece is this piece is two and a half inches two and five eighths of an inch thick by three and a half you certainly wouldn't want to reduce that to a half inch being my biggest chisel so what i did here is i made a half inch mortise on this side and a half inch mortise on that side which did two things it allowed me to have enough material so this has been reduced to one inch material which is still pretty strong and it maintained integrity of this piece because instead of having a great big hole cut out of it i had two half inch mortises with material left in the middle to help keep that whole thing together so i might actually do that cut maybe even three depending on how wide it is use your half inch chisel to cut three mortises for every additional she's doubling it yeah for yes as jake said instead of just having because you've got to remember that your strength on this joint is limited to the surface area this is the effective glue surface area that side and this side you're not getting anything here because it's hitting end grain you're not getting anything here because it's long grain end grain itself so if you double up or triple up your half inch mortise you're gaining all that extra glue surface so that might actually be a better solution than just getting a great big mortise other if you had to then you're you're stuck with uh you're stuck with chopping it out the best way you can and then coming in with a with a beveled edge chisel and pairing down the side and it could be done wait what a better idea what if like if you had to cut a three-quarter mortise wouldn't it be better to cut to to cut on one side using a quarter and the other side using it yeah you could do that and if i was going to do that you still have you still have the problem of well how am i going to keep that chisel standing plumb so what i would do is i would come in and i would clamp something on here like that right along the side of the mortise and then the nice thing about having mortise chisels that actually have sides that are square to the back coming in there and you're holding it like that so you come in and you chop your mortise so let's actually kind of draw this out so there's one quarter inch mortise and then you're going to step over here now in order to keep this wall and this wall parallel if we had come in here with a piece that we knew was had a square edge and we clamped it like that and then we come in it's actually i often do this because it's the easiest way to guarantee that your your your mortise has to your mortise walls have to be square to the face or when you put the joint together this is going to be off on an angle so we would come in here like that clamp that firmly and then you come in with your mallet and your chisel and you can make this taller if you needed it supporting it like that you come in and you chop out which you eat success when you go a little deeper you chop out that whole mortise then you move over here i would actually what i would probably do i'm thinking about this as we do it i would probably leave that clamped i would come in i would get a spacer that i knew was exactly three quarters of an inch wide i would put it in there i would clamp another piece of wood on this side with this clamped squeezing the three quarter inch clamp this piece on then remove that piece and then do the same thing and chopping this side now you know that when this one is done and that one is done those sides do a little do a little chop on this side too why and then you'll show them what's left oh so if we had this one marked over here i just don't have much material to hold on to where what they do with it is that it's kind of hard to do without actually having it clamped mine to that sandpaper glued on there holds it so there you've got your two you get your two quarter inch mortises chopped out then all you got to do is come and remove that material and if you do if you had used a guide that had enough support here and this was square by holding it tight like that that wall should be perpendicular to the face and this wall should be perpendicular to the face you use a piece in the middle to set both clamp blocks so now that should be parallel to that so that's how i would do that that's actually a good answer jake next next time well let's do one more all right i got one more um this one comes from kevin o'malley he's in ireland hey kevin and he said is the router plane suitable for clearing out the bottom of a mortise good question got asked this the other day it is however the cutter is not that long so i i've done this before i can get probably tap out right about there so i can get down an inch and an eighth so yeah you could go in and you could clean that out with with that or you can use your mortise you can use your uh you can use your gauge that's why we sell that one which is actually that's not at all i've got one that's just three eighths of an inch in diameter it's really stout you can use that to drop it down inside your mortise like that and run it to clean your bottom out you know you know you don't need a perfectly flat bottom you just need to have your depth you know don't care about the bottom at all i just want to make sure when i put that joint together i don't want it to bottom out i don't want that to bottom out until that gap closes that's what's critical about that part of it okay so um how are we this is your last chance to donate we're going to do our draw we're giving away what are we giving away two so far two packages are we how what are we at two hundred dollars away we need two hundred dollars in donations to give away a third prize worth two hundred dollars and we're also going to draw for the uh the captain's always right hoodie and remember if you want one of these you don't get lucky enough go on to moose's site pat's secret garden it's on there there's all kinds of good stuff on there i'm going to do my christmas shopping there this year support my friend nice warm hoodie and you got to get your wife this come on i'm going to take my wife on one of these it is soft ken did you feel that frick did you get a chance to feel it what animal is this it's a dead cat yeah how many cats are how many cats are in this thing that's several cats he he told me actually 100 polyester very it is very nice is there a male version i don't know is that is that is that female is it [Laughter] all right what else are we going to do so let me know like no manola's going to be our last thing he's going to he's going to just fade us yeah so megan are we there we're not a bit of a delay maybe they haven't heard me so the last the last bit oh yeah gotta introduce this can we get luther on real quick uh no oh shoot so in two weeks if all goes as planned we are going to have as a special guest i won't release his name yet because we got to make sure everything works but i had an email recently from a uh from john and john asked me if i would do him a favor and give a shout out to his dad his father's 95 years old he's in critical condition in the hospital he is a world war ii vet he was day four um utah beach he and his two brothers fought together his uh great story um he spent a year as a prisoner of war and just one of those last surviving heroes from world war ii and if all goes as planned we're going to actually have him on and luther's just all over this he's put together a video montage is that what you call it of some actual footage from his division this is fantastic i'm so excited to have this we were going to have it for this week but we couldn't get everything put together in time so this is coming up in two weeks you don't want to miss this and instead of just a shout out we're going to give a real hero's honor to this man and yeah that'll be fantastic we'll announce whatever the topic is going to be for next week give us your suggestions two weeks sorry two weeks don't forget to go to moose's site pat secret garden support my friend and uh don't forget to pick up your t-shirt to help us prove promote our cause hopefully we're going to give you a tour in two weeks as well from the new we got our upstairs all done up that's where our offices are going to be we've got a lot of expansion plans going on here did we talk at all about the you that we got oh so thomas name jim mcentee jim mcentee from british columbia sent us just turned around look at it right up over rex's head seven big logs of pacific u and we've actually cut one up the other day and it makes ken what kind of handles does you pacific you make over here just just just the same ken's favorite wood yes all right did we get it yeah good beautiful all right we're giving away three fantastic mrs there is nothing that is more gratifying than see vets like jesse from where they were to where they are now it is mine and santa's pleasure and honor to be able to help this program i agree i agree so what should we give away first the clothing all right let's do that so megan gets to keep that one so we'll give away the mariner's rule captain is always right and i am the captain captain bob abbott really wants that does he i think he might just buy it from moose if he doesn't win but is this is this bob bob okay bobert all right i'm ranked this goes to bobert there's no draw on that that's going out to bobber bob is one of our combat wounded vets great guy trying to help other vets came here as uh actually bob came to our class and then he came back as one of our assistants and um fantastic guy so bob that's going to you we'll see if we can get an extra small okay let's do a draw for the uh for the uh we'll call it the live cat we might have cat lovers out there all right ready now whoever wins it you got to tell us what size you want okay so the winner of the cat coat is the cat coat i don't know jerry williams in west virginia jerry congratulations tell us what size your wife is so we can we can get you one what's what is he already saying what'd bob say he said i'll order one go ahead and do the draw card no bob that's not you're not the boss i am you haven't got it yet that's for bob you can order you can order the the uh the cat one for your wife okay first draw so let me show you what we're drawing off for a medium tenon saw that ken and i built that has a 22 t starter and 12 tpi rip on the back a um a cosmis gauge that that dave what dave's last name dave wade makes does for us and jake does the mortise extension mortise gauge attachment for it that paul hayden up in uh ontario makes for us gina or ken's wife uh pam will be the ones that packs and a big shout out to them because they work their butts off getting these orders out we're really busy thank you for making us that way pam's our one of our newest employees members of the team and that's that's um ken's wife and gina makes all of this click so first prize and thank you santa and mrs claus for donating these all right here we go rob battle from pennsylvania congratulations rob be in the mail if you give us your address it'll be on the mail for your monday i have their emails as well second morrison tenant kit goes to rick erickson in colorado hey rick i recognize that name congratulations rick and last but not least is gary e peterson from georgia hey gary congratulations so last week we we had one guy that took a lot of convincing that this wasn't a scam but did we finally convince them that it was real and did we get out in the mail to them we must have well it sounded like a scam so didn't accept their prize so yeah no no no jack jack we drew jack's name and jack said i knew he was going to do this he said no he says give that to somebody else so we do it we drew it off camera and uh had a hard time anyway i'm gonna bring manoli in he's gonna he's gonna give us one final tune we'll fade out with that we'll see in two weeks you do not want to miss this one in two weeks my name brother thanks again guys thanks rob for having me here uh here's the song i recorded and it's available now on itunes and spotify and amazon [Music] oh i remember when you left me tone when i died in your life you laughed with bitter scone you kept me a prisoner with pleasure and fear [Music] till i'm gone things have changed now they have changed why should they stay the same and just go on so if i'm no fun then why'd you call me i said i never have money and honey we always i bit my tongue i said i'm sorry [Music] sometimes i prefer to sleep alone till i'm gone things have changed yes they have changed make us i know you're bitter now i'm doing fine when you feel better call me next time but [Music] you are too [Music] sometimes i prefer to drink alone to get my head all talk till i'm gone things have changed now they have changed like a wind and rain that make us strong [Music] you

Channel: RobCosman.com

Views: 103,715

Keywords: mortise and tenon joint by hand, cutting a mortise and tenon joint by hand, how to make a mortise and tenon joint by hand, mortise and tenon joint, mortise and tenon by hand, mortise and tenon table legs, hand cut mortise and tenon, hand tool woodworking, beginner woodworking joints, woodworking, woodworking joints, rob cosman live, rob cosman

Id: splk1KdVC3g

Length: 136min 5sec (8165 seconds)

Published: Sun Oct 04 2020