London Tower Lost Palace

the towers official title is Her Majesty's royal palace and fortress the Tower of London but where amongst all these fortifications is the palace the tower was once a place of grand royal apartments spacious gardens and imposing halls today they have almost all disappeared this is the story of when this really was the home of royalty historians at the tower have spent years searching for clues to bring to light the palace of 1300 this was the age of one of England's greatest ever kings Edward the first the hammer of the Scots if I was King Edward the first and I was coming to the Tower of London at the end of the 13th century the most probable route would have been by River and I would have come in on a barge via this huge water gate and from here I could have entered the Tower of London into my private quarters and I would pass beneath what surely must be one of the largest if not the largest medieval arch in England which carries this quite extraordinary lodging made for King above to firmly control his lands Edward the first put up castles all over the country but his royal lodgings of the tower were unique overlooking a Thames his rooms were the ultimate medieval penthouse apartment medieval accounts have revealed that the lodgings Edward built were made up of just two rooms a hall and the King's private chamber but which room was which in the larger of the two rooms Jeff found the answer in a surprising place we found in this area of the wall clear evidence of an original 13th century feature you can see their fair face it is in fact one side of a garderobe lavatory it's inconceivable that the King's Chamber his innermost sanctum would not have been furnished with a guardrail and that is the only one in the building it's only by careful examination of buildings like this Sen Thomas's Tower at the Tower of London can we begin to understand what these royal lodgings were like and it may simply be a scrap of paint or an area of plaster all these details can be added up and they can give you a very clear bigger picture millions of tourists visit the tower every year in search of a taste of British history but much of the towers Palace lies lost beneath their feet the tower employs costume guides to bring the Tallis history back to life I would take those from you sir put down your toothpick Beckmann it is only to the king that I will speak and lots of the neighbors you today auditions are being held for guides to work in Edward the First's palace the candidates have been asked to research a real historical person in any period of the passage have you done well hoping to do Henry Morgan oh yeah well sure I returned by undoing Robert Greene it was a poetry and prose writer just before Shakespeare in the interview they have to become the person they've chosen from your tone ma'am I can tell that you were doing what I was approve the king my master is a gentleman and not given to to gluttony and a man of temperance but some of his guests are not I don't know if you were at the feast last night but before the steward had finished serving all the hall he was staggering around like a minstrels mongrel I'd like to say though people do think of me as a pirate you have seen many things that I'm sure you must make great play off now you're back in London oh absolutely and what a place to stay I'm enjoying myself at His Majesty's pleasure at the moment what do you think why you long-haired blokes work for work for past pictures and that's em I put them in long hair periods now it's the turn of Duncan white all right don't get funkin yes all right place for you right I mean this was stronger this one obi-wan Kenobi legoland it's absolutely brilliant it was historic Oh brilliant we wandered around teaching basic bits of lightsaber dueling and then we'd have Jedi training in the afternoon plastic light but Duncan also has to prove he can travel back in time what must have been since my cousin and I are met within this Tavern in Shoreditch but pretty tell us what we are new to London sir what sort of fellow should we be on the guard against well you must be on the guard against all types of fellows really I can tell by your dress you are not from the city though you be gentles your dress does define you as country focus on the first fashion no I and very often you all see people in the first fashion who cannot carry it off they wear the clothes but cannot walk the clothes that's it I thank you right thank you my machine what do you think oh yeah I think he's good Duncan has got the job he'll be recreating life 700 years ago in a very rooms where Edward the first lived and slept I think that's the toilet it's lovely this is room - it's the Kings home and here is partially reconstructed thirteen please please don't anticipate come on ours my name is Titus hire I'm Duncan I've got a discard job fast pleasures all right hello starting my training soon yes and I'm going to be in here so you know what you know meat really depends what area of the Middle Ages you might have a personal interest yeah well I mean Edward the first because he was such a violent horrible man there's quite interesting to me you get to think it's Bruce is much more like we wanted I really like the work of the costume guides gives a flavor of human life in the royal court but there's still a lot of historical research to be done to complete the picture of the buildings themselves tucked away in the Byward Tower is a key fragment of evidence showing how the inside of the palace looked to find out more scaffolding is being raised on the same site as a platform was put up six hundred years ago Jeremy hello nice to see you isn't it from curator Jeremy Ashby is investigating an extraordinary wall painting from the 14th century okay after you I think the painting lay hidden under thick plaster until workmen discovered it just fifty years ago only a handful of people have ever seen it this close up is precisely the sort of painting you'd expect in the Royal chambers this is superlative quality you can't really get better than this this is one of the very best that survives in England so I'm sure the paintings that were done in the main chambers would have looked exactly like this if one looks at the style of the face Harrison Michael it's absolutely typical of this period in its in its basics which are these sort of a heavy drooping eyelids and the very large mouths which you see on all the figures and also the coloring to some extent this typical contrast you get in the figure of Sir John the Evangelist the most mutilated of all as anything yeah only that bit of in survives the rest of it was whacked out 16th century when this chimney was put in the figure that we're missing has got to be a crucifixion yeah surely Christ on the cross we've been in the middle flanked by these four Saints even from what we've got now fragmentary though it is you can make some inferences towards the whole decoration of the room to us it's incredibly lavish in some ways even gaudy but I suppose they would have seen it in conjunction with textiles that are hanging you know a lot more richness as well and there's quite some extravagant painted furniture the work on this magnificent painting is typical of the way the towers lost palace continues to be rediscovered each of the guides who interpret the palace chooses a medieval role you want the grup okay put this on Duncan is researching the character of King Edward the first just for gang relationship yeah okay hand into the Jess's lifts or straight up do you want to have a go flying her okay would there be anything in the dress of the falconer that showed that he was the falconer dark clothes yeah birds don't like things too bright right the same clothes day in day out too is probably a bit high yeah but that's helped because it's continuity for the bird yeah he wasn't allowed to drink because he needed to be sober when he was flying his birds however if the birds flew really well yeah the king that night would serve him twice its supper really and he'd help him into his horses onto his horse as well oh really was the king would you know was really appreciative you thought the world of his falconer and he thought the world of his birds had to fly her you need to cast her away you hold her up yeah and then when you feel as though she relaxes you just cast your hand away as though you were like with a tennis racket right go and have a go okay you need to cast away cuz really give a rope okay push it all right there so you're casting across the wind wonderful why don't you go off and find a volver soap or something like that working for you yeah easier than hunting into the fist oh that's fantastic that's pretty much all there is to it obviously if you'd have to learn hunting skill no point in going out for a day sport with that nobility and you don't provide any sport yeah then you're not very popular chatter I hope that if you're telling your visitors about falconry you'll have a sense of exactly what it's like in the way that you hold yourself and in your manner and you have that natural okay so so your your you would you could have been a falconer in those days now Duncan is equipped to begin work at the tower as the Kings Falconer if you have any questions you'd like to ask please don't hesitate to do so we're here to be your guides in this area don't worry we're not ghosts so this room was quite private so to get in here you would have had to have been well quite high up in the Kings household Duncan is working in the very chamber where Edward the first held court Edward was six foot four and he towered over the times in which he lived oh no no no I'm I'm the Kings hunter while the Kings Huntsman and Natasha is one of the Queen's ladies yes No the 35 year reign of king edward was a time of style and significance but in the century that followed the tower became a palace that Kings would fear to enter it became a place of royal murder an extraordinary part of the tower palace remains fully intact this isn't John's Chapel a chapel royal when we think of the history of this place and its royal significance most the buildings associated with it being a palace have been swept away long time ago this place remains their Chapel the chapel of our kings and queens which is directly what they saw this place is incredible it's the oldest Norman Church in the country one has a sense of being part of the history of this place going back to 1078 poetry and stone the second tier of the chapel is where the reverend abram feels the monarch would have been found I'm sure he came through that very doorway there to see what was happening during a service I feel he'd be somewhere along here looking down I also feel the sacrament was probably brought to him by the priests I cannot prove that as we walk around first of all the roof is a circle half circle the windows this is classic normal architecture nothing comes to a point very simple very direct what is interesting is every coronation procession from about thirty 99 began with the Knights coming to the main chapel they would come and spend the night in vigil here having had a bath while in the vast the king would put the sign of the cross onto their back but then the next day they led the coronation procession to Westminster Abbey we pray for a Majesty's Tower of London for all who live here work here and visit here especially pray for our Chapel community this worship in this place we beseech thee to save and defend all Christian Kings princes and governors and specially thy servant Elizabeth our queen and grant after the heyday of Edward the first Britain's kings and queens chose to stay away from the tower in favour of pleasure palaces like Westminster further up the Thames by the end of the 15th century kings were coming here not to live but to die Henry the sixth spent more time at the tower than any other monarch had ever done five years in total but he had very little choice Henry had to fight for his throne in the Wars of the Roses but he was a weak military leader his rivals captured him paraded him in disgrace through the streets of London and put him under house arrest in the tower after his supporters were finally defeated in 1471 Henry's enemies descended on the tower the doomed King placed himself at the mercy of God it is remarkable at over 500 years later the tower still commemorates Henry the sixth this is the ceremony of lilies and roses held every year on the anniversary of Henry's death only a few select people are invited let us remember King Henry the sixth this peace-loving King had to better cross hurting his country / Civil War let us mourn his murder on this day of May while kneeling in prayer in this time the flowers are emblems of to colleges Henry founded lilies for Eton and white roses for King's College Cambridge despite the murder of King Henry the tower Palace was never abandoned by royalty in fact it had one last hurrah 30 years after Henry the sixth in the time of the Tudors it was important for a king to look the part wealthy and physically strong the ideal way to do this was at the tournament a favorite royal pastime never more popular than in the time of Henry the 7th and Henry the eighth the Royal Armouries in Leeds is home to one of the greatest collections of arms and armor in the world Karen watts curates its justin galleries well here I have the the helmet of Henry the eighth a gift from the Emperor Maximilian it's our star peace in home museum it was sold off a scrap metal from the tower in 1649 this is extraordinary you can breathe through the nose you can speak through the mouth and very scary you can see through the eyes this is the type of thing that is wrong solely at court during some kind of Palace entertainment to make a fabulous and grandiose entrance for which Henry the eighth was of course famous the tower was a palace but did it ever hold a royal joust a recently discovered document holds the answer and Karen has come to the tower to take a look here's a copy of the transcription the original is in Latin the document is a set of financial accounts for a royal spectacle which took place here 500 years ago the big question is what kind of tournament was it we've got three forms of combat we've got foot combats we've got joust and we've got the Torre proper which is a mock battle now the early Tudors were really fond of cows cows royal as they're called when they're fought over barrier that's one night against another night and they're just getting charging at each other and they're charging at each other working out what went on hangs on the interpretation of a single word if the event involved a long central barrier then the document points towards the most exciting form of torn the horse mounted joust we've got a stat Sione's which is obviously a stand yeah good now come with a partition now does that mean that the stand is partitioned stand comes with partitions or can come be read as width so stand with partitions or divisions of course when I first read it I thought that the way it worked is that the the grandstand is actually divided up into into boxes and that's what the partitions are but logically when you ask them question no I mean all it says is that the same chaps that are making the stand are also making partitions and they might be something completely separate you know there any pictures of this sort of thing yes let's look at the westminster tournament roll basis brilliant ideas perfect now this is a tournament taking place with Henry the 8th at Westminster about 10 years after this document so it really isn't long okay so what we have is this famous tilt barrier that's my partition then is it I think that's your partition yeah I think this is your stand and this is Henry versus Lance yeah oh there's the next bit of his Lance look there is it and look he's hit the head of his opponent this is demonstrating that Henry has scored a hit because he has shattered his Lance this is why we know Henry's good so on paper it appears the tower held are jazzed here but would it really have fitted in the limited space available within the castle walls I think that the thing we were reading about in the document stands on that side now the big question that I would be intrigued about your view is how long the course has got to be the field of cloth of gold for example is said to be about 900 feet well you've learned but that is half yeah but this is what would make it so unusual at the very minimum it has to be the length of two horses for the barrier for the barrier now beyond that what you need is turning space and of course here we've actually got quite enough space for them to actually turn and start right because then and I think a horse gets up to speed pretty quickly okay excellent so this actually looks as though we could quite easily have held a joust here in front of Henry the seventh in the stand this is marvelous for one night and one night only at the Tower of London it all fits a trace of the splendor of tudor tournaments still lingers at the tower this is one of the towers most prized possessions a suit of armor made in 1544 Henry the eighth this they are a very powerful man you don't need to know this is Henry the eighth to realize that this is a man of great presence both physically and emotionally the decoration which is etched and then mercury gilt and what is interesting is that Hans Holbein drew the decorative borders for this armor it's a wonderful example of the work of a nature who manages to continue design running through many different plates the armor was so precisely tailored that it still tells us a lot about Henry's powerful physique in 1515 a Venetian ambassador came to visit Henry who asked him whether the French King was as tall as him the nation ambassador said he was six foot two was he a stout yes but does he have the legs I've got and he opens his doublet slaps his thigh and says look at these legs and look at these calves I have a truly shapely calf which the Venetian ambassador could not deny saying that the French king's legs were really quite spindly that's because the French King like all other men in those days had no developed calf muscle at all Henry was unusual in having a very strong muscle the tower dressed for a tudor tournament would have looked magnificent but not as magnificent as for coronation celebrations this is where an berlin set out to be crowned Queen and also where she lost her head the Tower of London has been greeting VIPs with gun salutes for hundreds of years today four guns are fired but when an Berlin came down the Thames to the Tower Palace on the eve of her coronation more than a thousand cannon boomed down the river her new husband Henry the Eighth made sure she had every possible comfort as she lodged in the towers Royal Apartments during the coronation celebrations Anne's coronation was one of the last great moments for the palace at the tower the towers curators have decided to Commission a model to bring it to life they have a collection of detailed Tudor plans of the tower computer modeler Thomas Lisle is going to turn them into 3d virtual reality what this shows us is what the Tower of London was like at the end of the 16th century and it is far away the best source that we have for the appearance of the buildings the Amblin would have used when she stayed here in 1533 at the time of her coronation the Tudors were mad for pageantry and for visual expression of power and occasion and so although we don't have specific information or sources for this it's a fair bet that the whole place would have been looking magnificent and the other point which is very important is that on this particular occasion as on all coronations the reason that you come to the tower is not because it's comfortable to stay in because it isn't not because it's handy because it isn't but because everyone had always done this because it's an ancient historic building because it was connected to the coronation of every previous sovereign of England so it's a self-conscious act of repetition of what pre of what a king's predecessors had done the King lavished affection on Anne but she needed more than his love to make the public believe she was the true Queen Henry decided to exploit all the ceremonial associations of the tower to boost Ann's popular standing she was to be paraded before the people along the time on and coronation route from the tower to Westminster Abbey this was how all monarchs were displayed a coronation time and Ann wasn't going to be any different the problem was that the Towers Palace buildings were dilapidated Henry rarely stayed at the tower and saw it primarily as a fortress but soon after he married Ann the palace saw a sudden flurry of activity as her coronation approached and these two slim volumes here show us what was done at the tower and there are pages and pages and pages of entries in them organized under the craftsmen responsible so here we have carpenters bricklayers plasters and so on these volumes show us that the Carpenters and the plasters and the bricklayers at the tower were concentrating on the crucial repairs necessary to the Royal Apartments to the Kings apartments to putting up new buildings for the Queen that were required to make the building ready to receive the court in the royal party for the first time in decades this is where Anne's Palace buildings stood but on the surface virtually nothing remains to recreate the vanished Palace Thomas is getting help from the towers curators all they have to go on are a few documents and a scattering of rocky remains all of the business of the later medieval palace that's all down in that area there and round a sort of courtyard right again I mean as you see if you look down there there's nothing that it's it's all gone we are at the bottom end of the majestic Great Hall of the palace and isn't it wonderful as you see it's sort of fooled completely gone but around tower behind this is a bit of the medieval palace that's the back of the Wakefield town I hope that's where the kitchens of the palace worked and the documents saying kitchens that end so you're sort of walking into them now yeah you've got the kitchen yeah buttery and a pantry there for bread and wine those sort of things but up there yeah I think that's right I think in terms of ground areas we've lost a bit too it's a very big building songs it's not a funny means the biggest hall in England time but it's very big building 60 foot wide 60 was the length of most grand halls so 60 foot from the flower bed nearly as far as the trees a great hall but was the centerpiece of the palace complex of the tower this was where Annan Henry feasted before her coronation Thomas can get a good idea of what the towers lost Hall might have looked like at Winchester a similar Great Hall survives in wonderful condition Winchester Great Hall was built at the same time as the now vanished Hall in the tower palace for the same purposes by order of the same man King Henry the third and with the same epic feel this is the business end up here is the most important bit and this is where the King would sit on a painted chair his documents about that with the Queen if she was present and with the highest dignitaries and they set in a raised position so that everyone can see them and they can see everyone well this is just the sort of detail I'd really love to be able to tell you we had at the tower but I actually don't know but you know if you're just sort of squat down here now look at the base it is so lovely isn't it the festivities held at the Great Hall on the eve of Ann's coronation represent the high point of her career at 32 years of age she was the wife of one of the greatest kings in Europe pregnant with a future Queen Elizabeth the first and surrounded by luxury and indulgence thomas is grappling with the external appearances of the tower palace at the time of amber Lynn's coronation but behind the scenes the tower would have been a bustling hive of activity at Hampton Court Palace it's possible to get a sense of the atmosphere at the tower because the Tudor kitchens remain they had a staff of about 200 working in and around the kitchens there were three master chefs lots of other sous chefs and people responsible for different departments and they would have assistants and the assistants would have assistants right down to the pot boys and the turn spits who were responsible for keeping the meat turning on the spits in front of the fire it will be a scene of organized chaos I think and when the court left all this sort of stuff would be cleared away wouldn't oh yes it would all go back to the kitchen is to come from probably Hampton Court or Windsor or wherever court happened to be it's almost like a incredibly elaborate movable picnic in Tudor times the more impressive the banquets you laid on the more important you were the feast Henry held for Anna the tower was amazingly sumptuous a menu that survives from another of Henry's banquets gives us a flavor of the extravagance involved for the first course they had soup cygnets venison Pike Heron pies of pears custard and fruit that's has an entire meal in itself this one cool and you will notice it practically all meat a second course we're starting again soup Kidd sturgeon peacocks quails baked venison and tarts who won't expect you to eat your way through the whole feast it would have been physically impossible Thomas has finished his virtual reality model of the tower at the time of an Berlin's coronation and he's taking it to the tower the palace buildings and stayed in in 1533 have now all disappeared this will be the first time the palace that once stood in this grassy corner has been resurrected in more than 200 years the Coldharbour gate stood at the entrance to the palace enclosure the Great Hall repaired and redecorated for an and the Queen's great chamber with windows overlooking the Palace Gardens Henry the eighth's jewel house full of heavy treasure chests and precious metals to the east the great gun sitting in its own courtyard with low wooden railings and posts carrying statues of her eldest beasts the Kings gallery for promenade and viewing the gardens in the center stood William the Conqueror's Great White Tower which Henry topped with pepper pot domes and golden weather vanes the tower curators are checking the model for accuracy I think it's actually fantastic we have known it really is really good it's terribly it's just so brilliant because you kind of imagine these buildings in your mind in a sort of very way and actually in a sense it is the process of making all those little tiny bits of information into a sort of 3d image or an image of any sort that then allows you to realize actually that can't mean what I do on it cuz it isn't like in that space I think it's amazing because it is the backdrop for some of the great dramas of the towers history that we bang on about endlessly that's fantastic treatment see that RIM Ann Berlin's coronation was the most splendid that Henry's money could buy but only three years after she was crowned she was brought back to the tower palace by force this is where she spent both her finest and her final hour and Berlin's execution of the tower sounded the death knell for its days as a functioning royal palace thank you Ann's final fatal days of the tower are commemorated every year with a gift of a basket of red roses from a nameless donor it's a little-known ceremony that has never been filmed before ladies and gentlemen were now stood on Tara green on which we have our very own private execution site now the first in 1536 was Queen and musician Martin Pope has a particular reason for visiting the tower he's researching the truth behind a poem supposedly written by an awaiting execution at the tower in 1536 Oh death rock me asleep bring on my quiet rest let pass my very guiltless ghost out of my careful breast wring out the doll for now let it sound my death tell for I must die to start his investigation into whether the poem really could have been written by amberle in herself martin is visiting parts of the tower traditionally associated with her well I thought I'd take the opportunity to show you one of the sights of the queen-sized the so called Anne Boleyn bedchamber which I think you'll be amused by if nothing else probably this is it indeed good this room perhaps as the name suggests is where it's generally believed that Anne Boleyn was imprisoned in the days leading up to her execution at the Tower of London and here you see you know a paneled room complete with eld four poster bed and somewhere on that lintel over there the remains of an inscription which at once upon a time said Anne but I think some of its fallen away the problem is nice story but perhaps the wrong setting because we know from the accounts that that Edmund Walsingham the left hand avatar in 1540 only received money from the chamber that year totaling about four hundred and fifty pounds to begin work rebuilding this house so in effect this house was built four years after amber Lynn's death the visitor in the nineteenth century expected to come here and see the physical remains of history and to be told that Anne's apartments have been demolished 150 years earlier was just not what they wanted to hear I mean they wanted to see the very space and the physical remains of history and therefore places like this bedroom were created to meet that demand going back to my interest in this poem which has been set as a song do you think I'm going to be able to strip off the Victorian varnish and find any truth that it might have been written by Anne Boleyn oh that's a difficult question to ask I mean I wish you luck Martin's poem may be part of the Victorian sentimental attachment to the Yuda period but many of the facts of Ann's imprisonment can be found in a diary kept at the time by William Kingston the constable of the tower and was arrested at Greenwich on the morning of the second of May 1536 she was brought by barge from Greenwich down the Thames to the tower just as she had been for her coronation almost exactly three years before but this time there was to be no gun salute Kingston Road that she was almost hysterical laughing and abandoning herself to tears and had to be half harried her quarters there she was constantly watched by four women all will be well my lady who reported back everything she said and did her trial was held in the same Great Hall at the tower palace that had been decked out for her coronation without her knowing in advance the actual charges or evidence that would be brought against her her uncle presided over the court and he wept as he pronounced her guilty sentence she was found to have committed adultery with five men and who have plotted the death of the king although he originally found the poem in a book of victorian verse Martin is still unwilling to accept the possibility that his poem is a Victorian origin at the British Library he's already managed to trace it back to a much earlier Tudor manuscript this is rather an odd document quite a hotchpotch towards the back there seemed to be a collection of poems some of them have got authors put next to them and I'm looking for Oh death and here it is at the bottom right hand corner as clear as a bell very clear handwriting here Oh death Oh death rock me asleep bring me to quiet rest let pass my weary guiltless ghost out of my careful breast toll on die passing bell ring out my doleful knell die sound my death abroad will tell for I must die there is no remedy there's nothing here that doesn't suggest that the poem might have been in existence as early as 1536 the year when Anne Boleyn was so wrongfully doomed and locked up in the Tower of London and sentence was to be either beheaded or burned at the stake at the King's pleasure Oh father Oh creator thou who art the way the life and the truth knowest whether I have deserved this death as an prade the five men accused with her were marched out of the tower and put to death their scaffold ran with blood back at the tower after completing his research Martin Pope is meeting an authority on an Berlin in a room that overlooks the execution site on Tower Hill Martin has found that the poem dates from Anne's time but could it possibly have been written by Anne herself I think the the real argument against it being an is she didn't have the opportunity she was put in the charge of the left Henin William Kingston and four ladies who she disliked and they had strict instructions to write to report everything that she said and not allowed to talk to anybody and the fact that William Clinton's letters don't say that she wrote is a pretty considerable piece of evidence I think it is to do without at all it's somebody writing a song which is projecting the singer into the position of Anne and expressing the emotions that you know that she is likely to have had you're a performer I mean you think of the other pathos you can get into this is evidence of tearjerker to stop all talk to each other the night before her execution and sleep was disturbed by hammering and crashing outside her room workmen were building her scaffold when the time came she found the executioner had been delayed she sent for me and said master Kingston I hear I shall not die a forenoon and I am very sorry therefore for I thought to be dead by this time and past my pain and then she said I hear the executioner is very good and I have a little neck and then she put her hands about it laughing heartily Jesus Christ I commend my soul Lord Jesus receive my soul to Jesus Christ I commend my soul Lord Jesus receive my soul Jesus Christ I commend my soul Lord Jesus received my soul she kneeled down on both her knees and said to Jesus Christ I commend my soul and my soul God sees you receive my soul and with that word suddenly the hangman of Calais smote off her head at one stroke with a sword with an Berlin's death the tower palace steadily crumbled away these glories were never to be repeated why the Great Hall once stood now there's only grass to the east the Royal Apartments have decayed and disappeared and the courtyard and passed through both as a queen in Waiting and as a woman awaiting death is completely gone Anne's death fixed the tower in the popular mind as a place of imprisonment suffering and execution though in its heyday it had been one of the grandest of all royal residences but as more clues and traces come to light the towers lost palace may once more be associated as much with the Magnificent moments in British history as with its darker side

Channel: The Brar's

Views: 136,496

Rating: 4.7670684 out of 5

Keywords: London Tower, Palace, Video, Travel, Destination, Visit, London, England, UK, Historical, Building, Tour, Tourist, Tourism, Brar Films, 2012

Id: mTQqw_T5TaE

Length: 47min 58sec (2878 seconds)

Published: Wed Jan 09 2013