Live Streaming Codecs, Containers and Protocols

hi my name is Ulysses you're watching livestream ninja this is episode number three in this episode we'll talk about codex containers and protocols so what is a codec a codec is a software or process for compressing media so they can be put on a file or stored on the file and played back later on a device so here are some of the more common video codecs that's used in live streaming first there is H dot 264 it's actually called mpeg-4 part 10 and it's the most commonly used codec for recording compression and distribution it's widely used and then there's X dot 264 which is built on top of H dot 264 it's the open source version of the H dot 264 it's got its own library then there's a new rh 265 which is also known as high efficiency video coding and it this particular version will support up to 8k Ultra HD video we're talking 81 92 by 40 320 pixels then there's the VP series of proprietary code that's developed by on2 technologies they started started out with VP six and VP seven and then Google joined the fray and they develop vp8 in conjunction with on two technologies and then Google started working on the next version which is vp9 which is a royalty-free version of this codec in fact web RTC uses vp9 Kodak now let's talk about audio codecs there is AAC which is advanced audio codec which is advanced audio codec it's a lossy digital audio compression and it's not actually owned by Apple as many people believe it was brought to the mainstream by Apple when they introduced the iPod and then there's mp3 mp3 is actually MPEG - 2 layer 3 that's where it gets the 3 on the mp3 it's the lossy digital audio compression and as the de facto standard for audio compression so let's talk about containers next container so what are containers containers are files that contain your video and audio streams and they usually include metadata and also closed captioning data when you think of container you have to think a file type you have to think the format so containers are all usually associated with the file extension so here are some of the more common container she's for live streaming there's FLV or flash video format which is developed by Adobe and then there's mp4 which is based on the MPEG DASH for standard and FYI YouTube actually accepts both flb and mp4 for uploads then Microsoft came out with their own version which is Microsoft Windows Media Video and an apple has QuickTime with there dot MOV container and then there's MPEG TS which is stands for MPEG transport system and then there's the open version o GG which is a open container format which is maintained by zip dot-org lastly we'll talk about protocols so what are protocols protocol is a standard use for defining methods on how data is exchanged between computers an example is how data is formatted how data is sent how it's received how its impressed and how errors are handled there's IP based and HTTP HTTP based protocol let's look at the IP based first there's real-time transport protocol or RTP it's been around for a while I started in 2003 and actually RTP is a family of protocols so there's two main versions there's RTS B which stands for a real-time streaming protocol and operates in the transport layer of the OSI Network model and then there's our TCP which stands for real-time control protocol and that operates in the session layer of the OSI model and then there's rtmp which was developed by Macromedia which was later acquired by Adobe it's the gold standard for publishing live streams in fact a lot of software and hardware encoder used the RTMP protocol to connect to the live streaming server so so there's software and hardware encoders that used rtmp and examples are Wirecast vmix open broadcasting software xsplit all use RTMP protocol - live stream it's the pup it's also if you look at all the streaming services that are out there for example YouTube Facebook live wowza they all ingest rtmp stream then there's the HTTP version protocols Apple came out with the HTTP live stream or HLS and nice thing about HLS is that it plays on all platforms then Adobe came out with their own version which is HDS it's HTTP dynamic streaming microsoft also came out with their own version at which they called Microsoft Smoots say streaming this requires the Silverlight plug-in on the playback on the browser then there's the standard which is the future of live streaming it's called - which which stands for dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP and the nice thing about - is that it is codec agnostic so it will play on any codec that you use for compression and it's not fully supported yet like HLS there's a couple of browsers that - will not work but eventually I think - is going to be the future for playback so at the moment HLS plays on all platforms rtmp requires flash and obviously at one point that flash was a Bic witness it was everywhere not so on every computer but Apple did not support it on some of the iOS devices and then our iPhone and now google chrome and other browsers are now dropping support for for flash because you know it's a plug-in to is it's not secure and there's and then you have to users have to install it there's more support for HTTP video or html5 video I would say so that's the story or codecs containers and protocols so don't forget to follow and subscribe thanks for watching we'll see you next time

Channel: livestreamninja

Views: 13,994

Keywords: codecs, containers, protocols

Id: ek1xWmgZlTM

Length: 9min 7sec (547 seconds)

Published: Wed Jan 18 2017