Lipid absorption and transport

okay now let me explain you how exactly they mix to my cell which has got all these digested lipid molecules how it will be absorbed into the interval sites so for the absorption so we have these absorption usually will be going on over the brush border epithelium off the signal so they telepathy their mark jejunum which has got a brush border there so thing here is so we have a water layer coating this fresh water here because it is there in the lumen so lumen of the intestine has got water so the water layer here it is putting the fresh water epithelium now you have you are mixed to my cell so I'm drawing mix my cell here so in the bile acids and bile salt coating here so all these dots that I am writing here consider they are bile acids and bile salts so within this mixed myself we have three fatty acids three fatty acids that present two monozygous all is present cholesterol present slice so phospholipid is present kinda adek vitami nearly all these things are presented a mix to myself but remember this terminology mixed myself which has got digested lipid molecules now the bile acid and base or this part it is not to interact with the water bile acids interact polar rate of violence it will interact with the water and it's going to take away the interference of water so this water main is taken out because it's going to interact with that once the water layer is taken out so the simple lipids like free fatty acids they will undergo simple diffusion crosses free fat fatty acids will undergo simple diffusion find your two mono self-install gating and you are licensed Phillip it will be absorbed and of course the cholesterol it needs a transporter so there will be a transporter for cholesterol here so cholesterol is absorbed through transporter the name of the transporter so the name of this transporter here it is NPC 1 L 1 that is pneumatic C 1 like 1 transporter so this is what is the niemann-pick see one like one transporter which is an alloying cholesterol transport into the cells and that's an active transport of you Nene it is for that okay so out of all these and vitamin e DK so with a specific transport system so they will get in here where I mean nearly all of them are absorbed now out of all these Olympic simple lipids that are absorbed here cholesterol absorption is inefficient because only about 55 percent of this cholesterol is absorbed and rest of the cholesterol is lost in the feces so it's an inner ineffective mechanism okay so before I saw another fatty acids and I saw phospholipid all these things are absorbed here so I'll write like so phospholipid here so these are absorbed now before I go in what will happen to all these simple effects so let me explain or give you an applied aspect related that donated with cholesterol transporter here so there's a drug which we prescribe in cholesterol in your patients that is as a female so this is a big drug it as it is going to inhibit NPC 1 l1 transporter so thereby it is going to decrease and so further it between this absorption of cholesterol from the intestine so exactly maybe you need to remember it is going to inhibit NPC 1 L 1 that is the cholesterol transporter molecule there so once all these lipids are there here in the internal sites so they all will go into smooth ER so smooth endoplasmic reticulum they all will be getting into smooth endoplasmic reticulum and in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum so your free fatty acid will be activating to fatty acyl moiety each of these free fatty acids will be activated into fatty acyl for you by fatty sideways synthetase enzyme and then activated fatty a site way it can combine with cholesterol and it will make cholesterol ester that's how you are adding fatty acid I created for yourself or you can combine it to this wrong which I have shown here so to monocyte is wrong so tomorrow son be strong to man here combining with fatty acid so three two fatty acids will come here and that will become triacylglycerol now the lights of phospholipids lie so PL is a phospholipid it will take up fatty acid and that will become phospholipids so like this radius clarification process is going on in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum so free fatty acid activated into fatty si Kui combining with cholesterol to become cholesterol ester nice a phospholipid combining its fatty assign Kui to make phospholipids - Munoz I will be strong combining with two fatty s and ways to make triacylglycerol so you re acidifying it all the liquids that were there in the spine they were like this triglycerides cholesterol ester phospholipid vitamin A D K they were there like that in the lumen and then you have broken down down them into free fatty acid - mono self is all cholesterol is a phospholipid and once they get into the inter spine you are really refining them back into the original original form then what is the necessity of doing this so the only necessity of why we are breaking acts in the lumen of the inter spine and then absorb them and then again remaking them as a tag is to make them with the make the absorption process more efficient because prior selfish soil is a complex molecule you cannot simply absorb prior selfish all just like that so it has to be broken down into free fatty acid and to moon or Cypress rock in the same way cholesterol ester has to be broken down into cholesterol and fatty acid that's how you absorb it that is the only reason why you break it down in the lumens and then you observe them and then recreate them in the intestine for the transport process so once you make all these recertification process in the smooth ER you need to now send them out of out of the interest right into into the systemic circulation how that is done so for that you need to down to some proteins why because these are lipid molecules they are not soluble in water especially try to decide polish cholesterol phospholipids wait a minute he is not soluble in not water you need to make them soluble in water how that is done so for that we need a protein called a polite - protein before the age it will be 48 a polite - protein B 48 so this paper like a protein B 48 it is there in the rough endoplasmic reticulum I divided lipids are there in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum so now you need to bring all these lipid triglycerides cholesterol ester phospholipids and vitamin A D is vitamin A D case all of this need to be brought into the rough endoplasmic reticulum and that is done by a special protein called MPP MPP that is microsomal transfer protein so this micro thermal transfer protein it is a connector between scr smooth endoplasmic reticulum and the Aria rough endoplasmic reticulum there are lipids are there in this smooth endoplasmic reticulum you have protein a/g 48 is then the offender plasmic reticulum so lipid from a CR will be loaded onto protein on the AR ER at the end of this loading process you get a molecule called chylomicrons I know micron so this kind of micron is a lipoprotein molecule so it has got a poly fov 4 th as a protein coating and inside you have track fats cholesterol ester and phospholipid vitamin E ADK there right and then this is now ready for secretion only thing is chylomicron is a huge molecule so you cannot succeed that into a portal system because portal fenestrations are very small compared to the fenestrations that you are going to find in lymphatics that is why chylomicrons are secreted into the lymphatics then it will go into the thoracic duct and thoracic duct ultimately drains into a heart and from heart it finds its way into cyst make circulation so this is how all the time lipids that you have digested in the micelles converted them into mixed myself mixed myself digested lipids are undergoing simple diffusion majority of them some of them will undergo active transport process like cholesterol and then once they are in the interest rate they are Reyes terrified back into their original state and then they will be loaded on to a fop 48 is our friend of plasmic reticulum mediated by MTP and you're synthesizing chylomicrons and pelo microns initially gets into thorax impact through lymphatics and then it will find its way into system acceleration so this is all about digestion and absorption of lipids and one other point that I forgot to explain you about in the digestion processes there is a drug called oddly spats since I told about acetamide which is inhibiting electron transport so there is another drug called or glitch patch this always that it is going to inhibit two enzymes and it is gastric lipase yes with lipase and the pancreatic lipase so uh twitch that is an anti obesity drugs so we are going to use on let's start to decrease absorption of triacylglycerol from the diet so this can be prescribed in people who are having - triacylglycerol emia so you can use our list right in them inhibit gastric lipase and pancreatic lipase and all of the lipids to divert lipids to get out our body through the in the spine into the feces so the excess presence of excess fat in the feces we call that as stay at urea so stay at Oriel is an excess is a fine is a sine wave there is excess fat in the stool is found and the state over here can you raise to how do you find out state - yes can be the first stool will have large amount of fat so it is difficult to flush and it will basically it is actually be having a full smell and all that so that's what that's how you are going to identify stay a Toria and also of course you can do fecal fat estimation that's one of the gold standard tests that we use to estimator to determine state to the air here okay so some of the cases spots that like go in which took of each condition do you find State aureus or anywhere wherever there is a problem in the lipid digestion and absorption process it can be Crohn's disease it can be also a typical itis it can be cystic fibrosis where exocrine glands are affected like pancreatic enzymes are not coming in so it can be inflammation of the small intestine which can us to decrease the absorption all those things can you raise to say to you and that's all about digestion and absorption of lipids thanks for watching and see you in my next video thank you again you

Channel: Dr.Mungli

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Keywords: digestion of lipids, mungli, absorption of fat, lipid digestion and absorption, lipid digestion and absoption biochemistry, lipid digestion biochemistry, lipid digestion usmle, digestion of fats, absorption of lipids, dr mungli, lipid digestion mungli, lipid absorption, lipid absorption and digestion, lipid digestion and transport, lipid absorption in small intestine, lipid absorption animation, lipid absorption pathway

Id: nwA43hkEj5I

Length: 11min 48sec (708 seconds)

Published: Tue Feb 28 2017