Lesson 5 - Deuteronomy 4

[Music] last week we ended by studying the schwa which is perhaps the central tenet of the Hebrew faith and the Shema which is a combination of a prayer and really a statement of fact as well as a statement of faith actually occurs a couple of chapters of head of where we're going to be today Shema begins in Deuteronomy 6 but the reason we looked at it is the repetition of it in Deuteronomy and all throughout the Bible Shema and it's usually translated into English is here or hearken now what we learn is the biblically speaking here and hearken are not passive words they do not mean to notice a bird chirping or to delight and the peaceful melody of a waterfall which is kind of a modern Western way of thinking about it inherent in the word shahboz to act upon what is being said and depending on the context of the passage the word means to hear and obey could mean to listen and act or observe in the sense of observing a holiday meaning to personally take part in it departs in its rituals its festivities whatever is about further what Deuteronomy Deuteronomy is generally about Deuteronomy 4 chapter 4 in particular is that Moses is making a passioned address to this new generation of Israel to take to heart and to go forward with everything they've learned and for all practical purposes we are hearing Moses last words to those who he has cared for for these past 40 years Moses knows his death in just a few days away so he wants to impart to Israel the national identity that they've been given by Yahweh in this national identity is all wrapped up in the God of Israel and his covenants and laws and it can only be maintained by the people's determination to obey and to love God what Moses is saying is set in the context of the history of Israel because it is this history that itself offers the proof of what he's saying and it offers the proof that God is who he says he is and he will do what he says he will do Deuteronomy 4 is quite a long chapter we'll not even finish it this week because if I were forced to choose maybe 10 chapters out of the almost 1200 chapters that forms our modern Bibles to choose just a few which best define your home base character and his plan his justice and all of these God principles that were the most powerful the most central to the lives of his believers this one would be near the top of that short list of 10 therefore before we read this monumental chapter 4 I want to say something of a personal number sometimes I can get quite frustrated and discouraged at the current state of the church of which I am part that I love and along with the Lord blessing me as he has so many of you with an understanding that all of his word is valid and that Yeshua meant what he said when he told us he didn't come to abolish the Torah or the prophets also came a realization that much of the church that I dearly loved has strayed so far from the Lord we Christians have become a replica of the Jewish religious society and which Yeshua lived a society that purple means God and proclaims for God but at the same time we generally prefer to observe our man-made doctrines our traditions instead of the rather plain straightforward proclamations and instructions that have been given to us in the Lord's written word I'm reminded from great biblical teachers of the past and present who my study and rely upon but being a teacher means that some foundational principles of facts must be restated over and over in very contexts so that they can be finally comprehended and internalized by its students so as your teacher and your pastor I want to take a few minutes to remind you just why it is so critical for us to be advocates of the Torah the Old Testament Israel the Jewish people and the entire body of holy scriptures that we call the Bible and I do this in the spirit of Moses and Deuteronomy who was not giving out new information please for the most part rather he is reminding people of what they've already heard might already know but so critical is it that it must remain at the forefront of their thinking at all times throughout all of their generations but especially to this second generation of the Exodus that he's addressing sometimes in our little world of a Torah believing congregation we forget that the largest part of the church thinks somewhat differently that what we think about Holy Scripture some of you many of you actually have come to me in frustration as to why you constantly have to defend yourself why do you have to repeat ad nauseam to friends and families you're not joined a cult you haven't renounced Jesus and all this because you've chosen to study the Old Testament portion of the Bible and to recognize that the Bible Old Testament and new is a Hebrew document we can also rather easily forget that the vast bulk of modern Christian doctrine sadly is that its core anti-semitic and it declares straight away that Israel has been replaced by Gentile Christians that when God came to earth as Yeshua Yeshua he changed most of his former rules of principles he abolished all the older covenants and that to even open the books of the Old Testament let alone actually study them and take them seriously well this is tantamount to discarding our Savior and returning to the law whatever that means in their minds nowhere of course to scriptures say such a thing but that's the basic problem of following doctrines at least as far as doctrine is defined in the modern usage of that term doctrinal based Christianity is often at odds with the original and ancient scriptures it's ironic that we seem to understand because we've been taught it since children and Sunday school but even though the Jews of messiahs day claimed that their traditions were but a good proper scriptural interpretation in fact too much of it was but he religious leaders espousing Manmeet philosophies that surrounded political realities of their day and embodied their own personal agendas and frankly it also enabled them to form separate groups separate groups of people who were primarily loyal to them and often brought them great personal gain the irony of it all is that the church has done essentially the same thing for centuries and rather than recognize that we've embraced it as normal and as good those who dare to say the emperor has no clothes and to speak of the problems are usually accused of bashing the church just as Jews were and are encouraged to study Jewish tradition the Talmud and discouraged from studying all but a few select passages of the Torah that seems to validate those traditions so our modern Christians encouraged to accept various denominational doctrines and creeds without question and discouraged from studying anything but selected passages from the New Testament primarily the Gospels or more recently almost exclusively the words of Paul in one of the seminal Christian documents of the modern era and the late 18-hundreds one of the eminent european church leaders of that time adolf hardac said this to reject the old testament in the second century was a mistake the church rightly resisted but to retain it in the 16th century was a faith from which the Reformation couldn't escape but still to preserve it the Old Testament in the 19th century is one of the canonical documents of Protestantism is the result of religious and ecclesiastical paralysis in other words while very early on the church didn't have much choice but to retain the Old Testament because until the approach of the 3rd century there was no other Holy Scripture other than the Old Testament there was no such thing as a New Testament yet to harnack's mind this is 19th century Europe late nineteenth century there was no further Jews for Protestants to retain any portion of the Old Testament as valid biblical text that it was only religious paralysis as he called it that the church didn't finally an explicitly state the Old Testaments an outdated document has no place in our Bibles that has no place in our Christian lives his argument was very well received and it became accepted as the standard by which the Western Church for most of its theologies and doctrines even if it isn't said out loud and so the door has since that time been tightly closed on the Old Testament the most of Western Christianity thankfully not all respected theologians failed pray this horribly misguided but popular liberal mindset about a hundred years after harnack's remarks one such dissenter dr. Walter Kaiser jr. made this statement that so eloquently and powerfully sums up the current state of mainstream Christianity in this regard a state and a mindset from which it is my goal a seed of Abraham to escape and I quote it no matter how great the uniformity of opinion has been from the New Testament writers down to the Reformation no matter how great the difficulties in answering the formal and material questions posed here the Old Testament remains the most central and divisive problem for Christian theology how we respond to this problem will automatically set much of our Christian theology whether we do so deliberately or in an unreflective fashion the implications of this move in theological construction are massive our answers to this problem of how we think of the Old Testament will decide how we understand Jesus Christ in his historical character his Jew context his divine validation it decides the church's view of itself as the Church of God as an element in the mysterion of God's saving action in history it decides our interpretation of the salvation given us in Jesus Christ our estimate of earthly and temporal life it concerns the relation of the Church of Jesus Christ to the chosen people of Israel our whole understanding of the kingdom of God and therefore also of the universality of the Christian faith the Christian Church and Christianity is determined by what we think of the Old Testament and how we handle it thus it is difficult to think of very many areas of Christian theology that are not affected in a major way either by the inclusion or the deliberate omission of the Old Testament data from its systemization moreover when it is recalled that over three-fourths of the Bible is found in the Old Testament it's enough to make one pause before cavalierly by passing this most extensive record of God's revelation to mankind in other words the Old Testament is the formative document out of which the New Testament came the Old Testament is the context of how one must understand Jesus his mission on of salvation what salvation amounts to what the church should look like and even how we define what this entity called the kingdom of God actually is Kaiser says that how Christians value the Old Testament or just discarded as worthless is going to determine practically every element of our belief system which we call doctrines for our era within the church and synagogue when you're Jew your Gentile there is no more decisive question for us to wrestle with and whether to accept all the Word of God or to separate weigh everything given us as Holy Writ that comes before the book of Matthew do we search out and act upon the actual Oracles given directly from the Lord in the Torah or do we only consider parts of certain books that serve to validate hundreds of years of theological philosophies developed by the institution's who each claim to govern Christianity do we shrink our Bibles even further by discarding the 50% of the New Testament passages that are only direct Old Testament quotes because if the Old Testament is dead and gone and nailed to the cross how do we justify retaining the portion of its contents that forms more than half of the New Testament this is the core of the message that Moses is bringing to Israel and Deuteronomy because Moses asks this directly Israel will you trust and do the Word of God or will you return to mens doctrines to the elemental spirits and worship nature is back in Egypt will you listen to and obey the Lord or will you merely condescend in order to retain the benefits of society and culture the one to which you belong will you realize that the Lord's wisdom is the ultimate truth or will you choose to value your intellect or the intellect of your leadership as superior to the divine Moses says one of these two ways is life the other is death choose life so let's focus ourselves with the Lord's help on this mighty chapter 4 of Deuteronomy Deuteronomy chapter 4 starts on page 200 if you have a complete Jewish Bible Deuteronomy chapter 4 long chapter we're going to read it all because that's the way we like to do it here now Israel listen to the laws and rulings I'm teaching you in order to follow them so that you will live then you will go in and take possession of the land that Adonai the God of your father's is giving to you in order to obey the mitzvot the commandments of Adonai your God which I'm giving you do not add to what I'm saying and do not subtract from it you saw with your own eyes what Adonai did at bale pure but a denied destroyed from among you all the men and followed bale pure that you struck that you that you who stuck without an eye your God are still alive today every one of you look I have taught you laws and rulings just as Adonai my God ordered me so that you can behave accordingly in the land where you're going in order to take possession of it therefore observe them follow them for then all peoples will see you as having wisdom and understanding when they hear all of these laws they will say well this great nation is surely a wise and understanding people for what great nation is there that as God as close to them as Adonai our God is whenever we call on him what great nation is there that has laws and rulings us just as this entire Torah which I'm setting before you today only be careful watch yourselves diligently as long as you live so that you won't forget what you saw with your own eyes so that these things won't vanish from your hearts rather make them known to your children and grandchildren the day you stood before I deny your God at Horeb when I don't I said to me gather the people to me and I will make them hear my very words so that they will learn to hold me in awe as long as they live on earth so that they will teach their children you approached stood at the foot of the mountain the mountain blazed with fire to the heart of heaven with darkness and clouds and thick mist and then ad and I spoke to you out of the fire you heard the sound of words but you saw no shape there was only a voice he proclaimed his covenant to you which he ordered you to obey the tenth words he wrote them on two stone tablets at that time I don't I ordered me to teach you laws and rulings so that you would live by them in the land you are entering in order to take possession of it so watch out for yourselves since you did not see a shape of any kind on the day ad and I spoke to you in her from the fire do not be corrupt and make for yourselves a carved image having the shape of any figure not a representation of a human being male or female or a representation of any animal on earth or a representation of any bird that flies in the air or a representation of anything that creeps along the ground or a representation of any fish in the water below the shoreline for the same reason do not look up at the sky if the Sun Moon stars and everything in this guy and be drawn away to worship and servant serve them how did I your God is a lot of beasts to all the peoples under the entire sky no your you odd and I have taken a brought out of the smelting furnace out of Egypt to be eight people for him as you are today but add and I was angry with me on account of you and he swore I would not cross the Jordan and go into the good land which ad and I hear God is giving you to inherit rather I must die in this land not cross the Jordan but you you were to cross and take possession of that good land watch out for yourselves so that you won't forget the Covenant of Adonai your God which he made with you and make yourself a carved image a representation of anything forbidden to you by Adam your God for adonai your God is a consuming fire he is a jealous God when you have had children and grandchildren you've lived a long time in the land you've become corrupt you've made a carved image a representation of something and that's done what is evil in the sight of an entire God and you've provoked him I call on the sky and the earth to witness against you today that you will quickly disappear from the land that you were crossing the Jordan to possess you will not prolong your days there but you will be completely destroyed and and I will scatter you among the peoples and among the nations to which God will lead you away you'll be left few a number there you will serve God which are the products of human hands made of wood stone they can't see here either smell however from there you will seek out a night your God and you will find him if you search after him with all of your heart and being and in your distress when all of these things have come upon you and the offer and how you mean the world to come you will return to Adonai your God and listen to what he says for I deny your God is a merciful God he will not fail you destroy you or forget the covenant with your ancestors which he swore to them indeed inquire about the past before you were born since the day God created human beings on earth from one end of heaven to the other has there ever been anything as wonderful as this has anyone ever heard of anything like it did any other people ever hear the voice of God speaking out of a fire as you heard and stay alive or as God ever tried to go and take for himself a nation from the very bowels of another nation by means of ordeal signs wonders war a mighty hand and outstretched arm and great tears like all that how did I your God did for you in Egypt before your very eyes this was shown to you so that you would know that Adonai is God there is no other beside him from heaven he caused you to hear his voice in order to instruct you and on earth he caused you to see his great fire and you heard his very words coming out of the fire because he loved your ancestors he chose their descendants after them and brought you out of Egypt with his presence and great power in order to drive out ahead of you nations that were greater and stronger than you so that he could bring you in and give you their land as an inheritance as is the case today no today establish it in your heart that Adonai is God in heaven above and earth below there is no other therefore you are to keep his laws and Commandments which I'm giving you today so that it will go well with you and with your children after you and so that you will prolong your days in the land Adonai your God is giving you forever then Moses separated three cities on the east side of the Jordan towards the sunrise to which a killer might flee that is someone who kills by mistake a person whom he did not previously hate and upon fleeing to one of these cities he might live there the cities were but there in the desert in the flat land for the rubra nights remote and Gilead for the gadites and Golan and Bashan for the minashi this is the Torah which Moses placed before the people of Israel these are the instructions and laws and rulings was Moses presented to the people of Israel after they had come out of Egypt beyond the Jordan River in the valley across from Beit P or in the land of Sakhalin king of the amorite s-- who lived in heshbon who Moses and the people of Israel defeated when they came out of Egypt and they took possession of his land in the land of oak king of Bashan the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan towards the sunrise from our own air on the edge of the Arnone Valley to Mount Zion that is Mount Hermon with all the air ba beyond the Jordan eastward all the way to the Dead Sea at the foot of the slopes of Pisgah after Moses explains that Israel is to obey for their own sakes by the way everything is to follow that nothing is to be added removed altered from these instructions he says in verse 5 that these rules are to be obeyed inside the promised land Canaan that there soon going to be living in we talked briefly last week about Hebrew verb tenses and that in Biblical Hebrew there are no such things as past present or future tenses like there are in English rather there is what scholars have labeled as the perfect and imperfect or sometimes the complete and incomplete and one denotes an ongoing process and in the other case that process has been completed at the beginning of verse 5 we get a nice example of this issue of verb tense and the problem it causes in interpretation because normally the English translation of this verse is something like see I have imparted to you laws and rules the past tense is employed indicating the laws and rules that Moses is speaking about or given in the past that's not the meaning of the Hebrew tense to play there rather this is the imperfect beginning complete indicating that Moses of speaking of an ongoing process so a better translation might be i am imparting to you laws and rules better but still not precise because this is an ongoing process this means that some laws were given some are still being given the continuing process of giving the laws and defining their meaning and application has been occurring since Mount Sinai and it's not over yet then an important principle that of course carries over into the New Testament is presented at first sex is that the proof of Israel's loyalty to Yahoo they will be in that those who hear the Lord's laws do his loss all that bothers us really bad don't confuse this proof by the way was being the same thing as a sign the sign of Israel's relationship with the Lord is male circumcision from Abraham's covenant and the observance of Shabbat from Moses covenant the proof that is the sum of the outward evidence of faith and God is in how well they acted it all out the New Testament version of this principle is found in the book of James James 2:17 even so faith if it has no works is dead being by itself but when someone may well say you have faith and I have works will show me your faith without the works and I'll show you my faith by my works don't ever let anyone tell you that the proof of your faith is the acceptance of Christ no it's not the sign of your acceptance of Christ the sign of the new custom it is the Holy Spirit in you which by the way is invisible and nobody can see it including you so the proof of your faith says Moses and then later on James isn't the visible fruit it produces it's in your works and in your deeds that's the proof and works generally means good deeds towards men and full of billions to the commandments of God and catch that good deeds means as concerns humanity doing good deeds for people as it concerns God since you can't do a good deed for him it means your obedience to His commandments the spiritual physical it's not the Lord needs to see your works as the proof he's looking for he's the one who made the decision to give you the Holy Spirit so he's already determined the status of your faith rather the proof in the form of visible intangible works is so that others can benefit as it says in Deuteronomy 4 6 observe the laws faithfully that they will be proof of your wisdom and in discernment to other people who on hearing these laws they will say surely that is a great nation so while on the one hand the Hebrews didn't seek to proselytize they didn't seek to convert anybody it was the living out of their faith in full view of non Hebrews that God says that's what's going to be attractive to foreigners to non-believers I've stated many times that the most effective and really the only method of bringing the good news to the Jewish people of Israel is to live out your faith and allow them to see your love for better Yeshua's love in you not merely to quote the New Testament Bible passages in reality that's probably also the best and most biblically authentic method to bring the gospel to anybody including your own family show them your love don't tell them about it Moses in the midst here is in the midst your'e of drawing out two points first that the giving of the law to Israel indicates the creation of an unprecedented relationship between God and a particular nation of people it has no parallel in history or in any other society and second that the laws of the Lord are superior all man-made laws and principles and the Justin's justice that's inherent within his ordinances is perfection then a reality God's laws are a reflection of God his character is made known that's it's echoed in his laws do you really want to know who God is then learn his laws and Commandments and do them where do we find his laws and commands in the Torah next Moses gives Israel a warning against idolatry and the basis for the prohibition against making god idols is explained in a little more detail here in Deuteronomy chapter 4 and it's this since the Lord did not appear in any kind of a physical form to Israel Mount Sinai then Israel shouldn't try to manufacture any kind of physical form to represent God or illogical after all if you've never seen what God looks like how can you possibly make an accurate representation of it rather since God made his presence known to them in words called God spoke audibly to them at Mount Sinai then Israel should pass along the knowledge of Jehovah to future generations in words and in deeds and not in God symbols and images because that's what the heathen do this was such a radical departure from the norms of all the cultures of the world in that era the thought was that without a god image an idol there was no way to worship that God idols were handed down from generation to generation as a means of instructing family members about family gods you hope he says don't make an image of me as I'm not of this world so nothing you could ever make a capture iessons let me make a point here that I think might be helpful to just to explain just how it is then that we are to see you perceive the Lord since we're not to do it with visible images AJ Herschel captures that I think beautifully says this the essence of Jewish religious thinking does not lie in entertaining the concept of God but in the ability to articulate a memory of moments of illumination by his presence Israel is not a people of definers they are people of witnesses in other words the people of Israel witnessed with God said directly to them they actually witnessed God's great deeds on their behalf and then that information was reliably passed on generation to generation it was by means of personal experience it was by means of eyewitness proof from hundreds of thousands millions of ordinary people that God's Torah isn't indeed a direct Oracle from the Lord neither Judaism or Christianity base our religion on speculative thought and grand religious philosophies although both have been infected by them over the centuries and part of our goal here is to distinguish between truth and tradition rather our faith is to be based on actual experience with God both the experience of our faith fathers and our own personal experience with God some ancient Israelites actually heard God's words spoken out loud could you imagine that and all believers of Yeshua have actually received the Lord's Holy Spirit both of these experiences are relationship-based never was the religion of the Jews based on some mechanical following of a legal code nor was it based on sacred God symbols it was based on historical experience or relationship with Jehovah following those laws was just the proper response for that relationship just as a modern believers proper response to our salvation in Christ should be our obedience as well the Air Force says Moses you Israel you saw nothing of God at Mount Sinai but you heard his words directly from his own voice that doesn't mean that there wasn't a visual experience that went along with all this the Israelites saw fire and smoke the sky turned dark as night the idea is that the Lord's presence made a very unforgettable impact upon them because it was designed to do that nature itself was affected because of God's power in his presence it was supposed to it elicit aw and reverence and a healthy fear I just hate it when I hear some well-meaning Christians say that since the advent of Christ we have no reason to fear God anymore well good for you and there are too many more doctrines more dangerous than that you better fear God all the Apostles said they feared God goodness even the first Gentiles who accepted the the God of the Jews were given an interesting name god-fearers verse 15 continues the admonition by Moses to make no image of Yehovah because the Israelites have never seen God shame keep in mind Moses is not talking about making images of false gods or pagan gods it's interesting that this particular commandment and takes ups takes up so much time and Moses agenda well it ought to because the failure to keep this commandment led to the deaths of scores of thousands of Israelites of the wilderness and it would happen again and again and again with one alarming regularity because the people just didn't take the warning seriously as concerns God ideologies adultery is dangerous because it offends his holiness as concerns humans idolatry is dangerous because God has ordained it to be a capital offense that's pretty dangerous idolatry is dangerous on a number of levels that's the problem with it I'm curious do you suppose that one day this Israelites were scrupulous ly making no God images at all and the very next day they woke up and started Idol factories and they turned them out by the thousands is it possible that they went from a determination to never make idols on Monday but Tuesday they had a meeting they said hey I got a great idea let's worship idols you think that's how it went that's not how humans operate is it we begin with the determination to obey but in time we find a reason to make a small compromise here and there we rationalize we debate the meaning of what is is and we slice that onion thinner and thinner to rationalize our case pretty soon we'd take just a tad more liberty we look around we observe God hasn't struck me down yet we have lots of people agreeing everything must be ok so and take one more small step Israel went for centuries skating by progressively impinge on God's laws prohibiting idolatry nothing obviously bad it happened recently so they took some more liberties suddenly destruction and exile out of the BLA and what is interesting is that despite the warnings of the prophets to stop the idolatry there the Israelites were going to suffer the consequences that people generally responded with what idolatry they thought hey we all love and worship Jehovah now we might have these little symbols lying around but that couldn't be what these Commandments are about they're so harmless but the minute divine judgment struck we read that the people flying and they cried and they yelled out of the Lord we have sinned they knew what they've done where am I going with this notice some of the examples that follow that the Lord knew the hebron be bruised would instantly be attracted to and they would make me images of him so he says don't go there verse 16 no image in any likeness what so ever well that's pretty comprehensive a little letter later in that same verse no image of a man or of a woman okay that would seem to limit religious statues verse 17 no image of an animal that lives on the earth and no birds got it now when the Hebrews did wind up making God images of cows and birds and all sorts of other things that they really think this is what God looked like no they didn't think that the animals were but commonly accepted symbolic representations of God's prominent attributes not what he actually physically appeared like the Hebrews didn't think God looked like an eagle or a sheep or a brazen serpent but these creatures did represent that the Lord soared above them in the heavens that he was kind and gentle on the one hand he could kill or heal as instantly as a sneak and strike on the other the Lord however says this is idol worship now take a look at verse 18 another example of a tempting prohibited object that might be used as a God symbol was fish not my words hmm I couldn't mean my fish I don't worship my fish it's not an image of what I think God looks like now that other guy's fish symbol I could be wrong but my fish symbol is fine because it reminds me of my faith my fish symbolizes the work of my Savior who is God as a Fisher of men it symbolizes an attribute and I hope you're seeing the problem here not a problem you like very well but it's problem you all know what I'm talking about I'm not entirely sure how the Lord looks at the Christian or the Messianic fish symbol the problem is this we don't always know when we've crossed over the divine line in the sand and that is because it's not us who draws the line we don't get to judge when it's been violated wearing a fish symbol isn't necessarily idol worship I completely agree with that but let me tell you something it can become idol worship I've seen it so seed of Abraham has adopted as our logo a symbol that has spearhead pointing earthward indicating the coming of the Holy Spirit as instead of incorporating the fish symbol I'm not condemning the fish symbol but I do have concerns about it and since we have other suitable choices I prefer we don't use it there weren't very many Israelites around in Bible times that ever admitted to idol worship when the prophets besieged Israel to stop their idol worship most wouldn't acknowledge it because they deceived themselves into believing they had it all under control that what they were doing may have been close to that line but it wasn't over it then BOOM judgment and they all thought oh I shouldn't know better not too late next Moses says don't get into attaching divine characteristics to the Stars or to the Sun or to the moon it's not that these heavenly objects weren't divinely made sometimes for divine purposes they were but so were we and we're not divine are you into astrology be wise and drop it now it is a slippery slope look the essential principle is that we are not to worship any created thing and says God created every living thing but himself we need to take it seriously so this prohibition includes we're told the worship of angels demons the winds Saints the heavens pastors rabbis teachers and oh yes even televangelists yes an amazing statement is made in verses 19 and 20 the scriptures say Israel is not to bow down to the stars of moon because they were allotted for worship to other nations oh man what does that mean the idea is that it was natural although it was wrong for humans to be so awed by the celestial bodies that their response could be little else but to bow down to them and that if the Lord hadn't given instructions to the contrary and if he had made himself the object of worship men would naturally be drawn to worship objects like that just like a moth to a flame but since he did said is really part and since he didn't take it upon himself to give them something that no other nation had his Torah then it followed that it was Israel's duty to put away that worship of these spectacular but created objects and to enjoy the privilege of knowing that the only thing worth worshiping was the self existent God Jehovah we'll finish up chapter 4 next week please rise [Music] issue you

Channel: Torah Class

Views: 3,003

Rating: 4.9565215 out of 5

Keywords:

Id: ebzfcVg9XFM

Length: 51min 7sec (3067 seconds)

Published: Tue Jan 01 2019