INTERVIEW WITH DR JEFF MELDRUM: We Finally Get To Ask Sasquatch Questions!

20 30 yards away was this staying peeking over this Pine Bush was a large hairy animal dark brown black hair all of a sudden this creature let out a I want to call it a blood curdling growling howling screen that's when I realized it wasn't my friend that had snuck up on me dude all the branches that are broken off are red that's crazy there's no medulla [Music] the first time ever thank you for coming this is huge so we brought this here and we've set this up as best we can okay and talk so this I found in just outside of Florence Colorado uh down on the Arkansas River and I thought it was something weird but there's water there's water people walk down there all the time not all the time people walk down there sure and I've seen Footprints there in the area this was in some deep grass uh but it caught my attention the heel caught my attention because it looked like a boot print right and that's what really made me go this might be something weird so I did a casting for the first time I've ever done a casting it was really fun and I emailed you a photo of it a couple of years ago I think it was I think so yeah and you said yeah that's interesting we talk we're here so talk and tell me yours tell me what you updated well once again I like you uh I is is uh almost instantly drawn to what at first glance looks a lot like a boot deal you would think maybe uh waiters or something like that and um but there is this uh aspect that is rather familiar to me because as it turns out I I happen to have it a cast right on display when you brought this that bears the remarkable resemblance I mean uncanny resemblance it's very similar in size and proportion and the configuration what superficially looks like a boot heel actually has a very rounded Contour it has a very irregular shape here which converged very closely with the appearance of this this other example that that we came to compare and contrast with I suspect that this feature is actually what we call a mid-tarsal pressure Ridge one of the distinguishing characteristics of the Sasquatch foot is a retention of a much greater degree of Mobility through what is the InStep of our foot that arched configuration of the human foot that that actually twists into a very stable uh relationship so the foot can act as a very efficient lever and propulsing US forward the Primitive condition is a very flexible foot that's more adapted to climbing in the very irregular substrate of it of a forest canopy to be able to grasp a substrate a support like a limb or a branch and that still be able to leave okay okay the mass upward requires a certain degree of flexibility between the forefoot and the hind foot so when that's translated to the ground or transposed to the ground the heel comes up flexing across that InStep and pressure is concentrated through the forefoot sometimes as in the case of this muddy soil uh the soil yields under that pressure since there's not a heel to compact it it humps up like a little speed bump and sometimes it gets actually pushed back so that it humps up and it may slide May fracture okay and that gives the artificial appearance of this boot heel Edge but would account for the irregularities you see because it's not always a real sharp edge it can be you know kind of uh disjunct and in fact the example that we had sitting side by side look remarkably similar in that configuration so then that takes us up to the front and and as you pointed out in our initial conversations instead of a nice rounded Contour of a of a you know a well-formed boot we have some irregular indentations and some which bear uncanny resemblance to toes and uh and indeed besides the shade proportion is remarkably similar to this one particular cast that that we kind of gravitated to from The Mill Creek drainage area oh okay I was wondering where that came from the Blue Mountains of Southeastern Washington yeah okay yeah so it's one that was cast by Paul Frame one of the literally dozens that wow that he cast in that region over over a span of 10 15 years so um you know there's always the context is always critical yeah and and your initial descriptions betray a certain reticence in the fact that this is an area that's frequented by by recreationists and so forth fishermen and whatnot and so an isolated footprint you know I always caution people that when dealing with an isolated footprint um your you have to be careful not to over interpret sure if you can establish a pattern right there are others then you have greater confidence that the features you're looking at are not singular artifacts but are actually real features that are fine repetition and succession now when I found this right off the river there's a little Beaver Creek and there's mud and such this was in some really deep grass and there were other Footprints in there but when I looked at the water shoe Footprints there was obviously splayed like a person with bad bad foot or can't walk very well um but they were distinctly different than this they were narrower yes that's another yeah they were narrower and they were just you very distinct there was no toe looking thing it's what struck me about this was it was only in the grass yeah yeah as if most people would avoid it would avoid the grass I mean it was it was it was almost a mud yeah and it was only in the grass and mice the reason I found this is curious is we found some other curious Oddities in the same area within 150 feet we found a very curious tree breakage manipulation that makes me think that yeah there's something else going on there and to have this at the same time I was like that's why I cast this right because it was it was it was curious yeah yeah um the width of this is something else that struck me right and that is one of the distinguishing features of Sasquatch tracks the the breadth to length ratios of the foot both the forefoot and especially the heel are quite discriminating uh if you if you take metrics of of heel breadth to length and plotted against forefoot to length you get a bivariate plot that is is quite distinctive from Human values it's offset so for a given length um the breadths are very significantly different Grainer you know a heel If This Were Barefoot you know the heel would be literally two-thirds of that when right for a foot that this is this length and uh even with a boot uh most you know if you think about most waders and whatnot that do in fact have a heel attached and if they do um they tend to be quite tapered they don't make a big broad which I absolutely did not see waiter prints anywhere else in this area yeah so you know I I would have to say that there are limitations to the inferences that can be drawn from a single footprint under those circumstances and yet there's nothing that immediately betrays this as an obvious human uh Barefoot or shod foot print especially what I thought what I interpreted as a toe exactly yeah that that's what that's what and I was looking over the edge to catch that and I was very impressed I mean like you said when you look at this in isolation it's one thing but then when you take this other cast which has a much more extensive convenience I mean included as part of a long track way very confident in his footprint and then to put it up side by side and see the remarkable convergence between a well-established example and this that really reinforces the possibility the very real possibility that indeed yes this is a the Bonafide Sasquatch footprint I mean we would certainly benefit would certainly want to see more sure and I do the ideal circumstances but what's interesting is is we have so many stories in the immediate area yes of there's fishing ponds there people having rocks thrown at them from the thickets and while they're fishing and landing in the pond right right things like that that I mean we're talking within a couple hundred yards of this location right um and again our weird trees that we found yeah I laughed at this three years ago yeah thinking we live in the high desert of Colorado yeah you know 10 miles away from the nearest mountain right yet these River bottoms will seem to be oh they're they're rich uh yeah they're rich and it's interesting and uh and that this kind of ecology the biodiversity found along the the the riparian uh habitatism along these streams and riblets and and springs is tremendous they are Oasis and then the wildlife are attracted to them for those resources and it allows them to occupy areas that would otherwise be rather inhospitable so so yeah you know when we discuss such potential Sasquatch habitat you know we tend to gravitate to a description of what we would call the primary the prime habitat but all species have a marginal they have secondary habitat and so forth where uh where their their constant kind of pushing the edge of the envelope for sure further distribution and and there are resources there to be had so they may not spend all their time there but I mean but in this case a water source all the plant life and the animals that that attracts is also attracted to a higher predator consumer and well this is this has been amazing thank you for taking the time yeah I don't mind a couple questions well sure uh for me like it's always interesting like to see like the foot shape and its functionality and if you kind of go over like some of the differences like here's a human foot right like is is able to propel itself more long distance I would assume yes because it can get rigid sure versus this is more adaptable over a rough terrain funeral it gives like kind of a comparison capabilities between that certainly well the human adaptation which is actually a fairly recent innovation uh there's evidence of the arch didn't just uh emerge wholesale uh you know whole cloth rather but rather there are sort of incremental changes to the foot including the loss of the Divergence of the big toe and then greater stability of the outer what we call it the lateral column of the foot through the heel and the cuboid the bone immediately in front of the heel bone um which is part of that form of flexibility and then only very recently did the medial arch really take its shape and and we lost a lot of the range of motion between the ankle bone and the bone immediately uh distal to it the navicular um which he used to provide a great deal of flexion and extension and even even rotation and now that our that joint surface is greatly restricted so there's there's very little movement and those bones as they twist during the latter part of the stance phase lock into a fixed position what we call a closed packed position where the joint surfaces are most congruent and stable and that's when the entire body mass is being transmitted through the foot usually one foot at that point one foot and through the ball of the foot and so they Arch provides a stable platform that allows much more efficient efficient Leverage and and yes we've kind of become you know what I describe lean mean walking and running machines we this emergence this refinement of the of the arched foot coincides also with the tremendous reduction in the robusticity of the skeleton and musculature so that we've really lightened down so we've gone from the NFL linebacker Motif to a marathon runner you know and you just just within our own species comparing those two physiques you can see some of the contrast and then I like the birds of our of our genius or of other primates and stuff right right hollow bones right exactly and so that that reduction has has um uh emphasized our ability to Traverse much greater distances and so forth we you look at hunter-gatherer societies and when they go out foraging they will cover you know sometimes 10 or 11 miles a day in their in their routine compared to say a chimpanzee band even in secondary habitat where their resources are more dispersed you know then you go a couple months in a day so the the demands on the on the musculoskeletal system as it relates to locomotive moving about is kind of one of our superpowers in the right type of terrain of course yeah because we go to Mountain terrain and it's a little tricky brain like you can feel it like in your in your ankles and your foot is really Traverse yeah yeah we're the these refinements have largely emerged in the lowland on the flat and uh whereas Sasquatch I think the reason they have although they've lost the Divergent big toe because they're no longer arboreal I mean we're in an 800 pound gorilla it doesn't make much sense plus you know the so safety wise to go up into the canopy although some you know it was actually a surprising Revelation that some mature guerrillas do Brave climbing up in to get particular resources and go really high I think we can hit times but they haven't much business being up there because a fall you know can be fatal and um plus the fact that in temperate forests coniferous forests particularly there aren't the resources up there to attract the carbohydrates and sugars or the understory and the Subterranean area so the shrubs are the fruit bearing plants um you know pine cones aren't so attractive now in some cases sugar Combs uh Bears really go after those but they let squirrels do the harvesting and cash this and the squirrels actually have kind of faux caches to distract the Bears from their principal catches and so they actually provisioned the Bears to satisfy and just kind of like paying off the markets but uh so and so a Sasquatch has you know a 700 pound Sasquatch has no no cause I'm sure they use the trees especially in Youth and infancy to to seek uh refuge and so forth Resort there but but then you point out also in rough irregular terrain the advantage of this um uh model or this architecture retaining the flexibility of the midfoot and push off from the entire forefoot rather than concentrating at the ball of the foot and through the toes spares the toes the bending stresses that we impose on our foot which have selected for shortening of the toes compared to chimps and gorillas interesting um so with that bending stress avoided the Sasquatch has retained longer toes not as long as as a gorilla or chimp but very similar to early bipedal hominins with which also had flexible insteps you know this was this was one of the drum beats I pounded for 10 years before it finally started to stick with my colleagues this is something that's normal that fossil record right adaptation absolutely early bipedal hominins walked on flat flexible feet for several millions of years some more kind of like the novelty it's a recent emergence it's not something that's in that appeared in lot step with the Advent of bipedalism so that's what's expected yes exactly and so that and that's a great Advantage those longer toes to um to negotiate to to gain purchase of grip on irregular surfaces Rocky slopes you know steep Steepy inclines with lots of Deadfall and so for but also you know if you've ever hiked off Trail most hiking trails you know take advantage of the principle of the Switchback and have a certain grade and you can essentially walk ambulate normally on those but if you go off Trail and try to go up a steep slope you you kind of you have to act sort of like the Mountaineer with the with the crab ponds going up the glacier you stick your toes in because your foot's rigid it can't and your ankle uh doesn't have that much doesn't have the range of motion but you know if I we have no data on the range of motion of the Sasquatch ankle but I would suggest that it we will find that it is comparable to the chimpanzee and so forth and so when they go up they can incline their foot and the foot can accommodate with that midfoot flexibility to that steeper angle still having the prehensile capability of those longer toes so you'll be finding a pad kind of like a bearer's correct me if I'm wrong almost like a pad right of a bear's pad that's right on a steep incline if their heel doesn't make contact in other words if they're going up a state with it would be if the foot would Flex through the transverse tarsal joint and you would have just the forefoot exactly but it would be more extensive in in uh coverage in the area than say the abbreviated footprint that you leave when you sprint down the beach on the balls of your feet and it looks like a little five-toed dog track cutting you know right just very breeding basically just the heads of the metatarsals the the bones in the InStep of the foot are touching down but since they don't have an arch to support that posture the foot collapses into flexion across the transformation joint you're getting tired what I call a half track that's that's because in this immediate area I found some of those oh okay but I I you know press if the gradient was probably 45 degrees okay and I found found that one it's a big imprint by that well maybe it's a elk or something you know because it there was no distinct toes but it was this big something pressed in right yay big right yeah and I'm right next to right next to one of my hurricane trees yeah and I documented on video but yeah I didn't I couldn't I didn't have anything to place it with so that's yeah that's curious like not making any claims but it is I did find it that's and that's a very telling uh feature I I first stumbled on this notion when uh I was examining a set of photographs that were taken by Don Abbott who was the cultural Anthropologist at the University of British Columbia Museum and he had gone down at the best of John Green and Bob titmus or let's see John Green and Renee de hinden and he was at that time um to examine the footprints that were found immediately before the Patterson given film was shot their blood Creek and here was a series of shots you know and these were full-length tracks and then here's a one and it's just a half a track and I'm going what kind of when I outlined I found that the half track terminated right where the transformation what an exciting yeah I mean if you look at that famous uh titmus track that I've drawn attention to much greater and where where you've got the speed bump and then the heels behind it if you just ignore everything proximal to the speed bump what you see is what a half track would look like well I will compare that to what like I said I've got video evidence oh yeah of what I found I just didn't include it because I didn't know what it was that would be interesting to um you had mentioned weight yeah this is obviously not a particularly large track no I mean this and it's pressed into mud I know I was walking in the moon I was pressing down in there what I know it's almost impossible to gauge but suspicion wise of something of this size what kind of weight would we be looking at do you think well right and and it would just be kind of an extrapolation sure in the estimates that we've made on others I I'm pretty confident in the estimates for Patty because we have that view of her from various perspectives we have a little bit of sense of you know of the kind of barrel shape of her torso and the massiveness of her appendages and using a model based on on a body constructed of a series of cylinders just to get a ballpark we we have a good idea of what composite tissue of organisms uh what the density is in airgo the weight uh and so finding her Mass I'm sorry finding her volume allows us to determine her mass and she comes out about if if she is in the range of about six foot eight somewhere between six and a half to seven feet uh she comes out right around 700 pounds 700 pounds so an animal with a foot like this which is probably on the order you know here without a scale in front of me I would guess about 13 inches 12 to 13 inches uh still I would put if you know given the breadth um a creature like this would probably be at least 300 400 pounds interesting you know at least well that gives me something because of where we're at and where we're poking around in here that helps me get a sense of what is going on right these trees that I found easily support my weight at 200 pounds I could see them holding three to four hundred pounds beyond that that's one of Mateo's biggest arguments was like how can this hold something that weighs a thousand pounds it's like I I can't yeah but what I'm finding certainly could hold right I would suspect three or four hundred pounds yeah and obviously it's not a linear relationship right because you know the volume increases isometric right or allometrically not isometrically it increases to the cube of linear Dimensions so as you get you know bigger by an inch right length and breadth that means that the the mass is three times that increase this has been super interesting because it's really helping build some pictures yeah of the weirdness that we're finding you know and fill in some gaps and say okay well you know so you know how like everyone's always talking about how like oh they can just disappear so fast it's super human all this stuff and that leads to all these different like inductive reasoning of oh well they're jumping in out of portals right right but I propose based on like what I understand about primate you know like like the way their brains work through tests like chimpanzees for example right they can think 10 times faster than us and can have a short-term memory 10 times faster than we do so imagine having like a a mind built for I I like to call it the procedural world right build to be able to to adapt really quickly in the moment so imagine having a strength of something like a Sasquatch and being able to think 10 times faster than us and be able to execute moves that would normally take us you know like walking really difficulty through through like Woods not to try to be quiet and stealthy they could be able to execute immediately compared to us and so by our perspective yeah it does look super human because it is yeah yeah by our standards yeah and all you have to do is is reflect on the history of some of the field studies of other great apes like you know the attempts to film chimpanzees that haven't not been habituated to human interaction and it's like they just melt into the foliage I mean here here you're not talking about just a single but a band of raucous potentially loud and noisy and uh Apes and yet they can be absolutely silent they can just slip into the fall and they can just disappear I mean even that I've seen the you know the films and everyone has where the traffic has stopped is the Silverback is escorting his troop across and they just almost magically appear from the foliage cross the road and then they just disappear and boom they're gone I mean these gigantic animals are just gone I've experienced it with um elk we were up in the Olympic Peninsula one time and there was a sizable uh group of elk not a full herd but I mean these are massive animals and with racks and um they go disappear into the into the trees and you look for sign first of all it was difficult to find even move prints yeah and second of all you know they're they they've adapted so they lay their head back in these big racks are then incline and they just go through and just park the trees but it doesn't shred them it's not like so he looks down and hears this tunnel yeah and these are Big thousand pound creatures you know and a cluster of them a dozen or more at a time and they move through the forest is quickly and silently and and uh with leaving is that what they call them but ghosts of the forest they could they applied to a lot I think that's what PD I think means or something like that a lot of a lot of different uh different animals that's applied to so it's um it's not surprising I mean it it all it does is betray our uh our most people's General Latin comprehension and appreciation of nature totally we've lost track of those we're pretty complacent up in the woods something we've noticed and have kind of documented at least twice now where a sighting where a a sighting position where they go to to watch the foliage has been manipulated to allow them Ingress and egress quietly and quickly but they've been they've been branches broken them off so that this one specific one there was a uh but it's also based off of accidental evidence why we even look at that that's right so this this one witness said he was barbecuing there was a tree he saw shoulders on either side so I went behind the trunk came towards it and all the branches were pointing towards or you're the trunk all the branches are pointing this way but all the branches between this way were broken out so I could work my way up to you but if I got spotted I could come this way without disturbing branches yes yeah didn't snag them and we've noticed that twice now yeah interesting yeah so it's not just simply that like we move well right but we actually manipulate yeah our environment so that we could spy sure yes sir so one last one last question for me uh so I so for a long time I assumed like maybe bipedalism wasn't an effective Evolution you know like because we we don't have we only have us as that but then when I started learning about like chimpanzees and those huge troops that now they go hunting they stand like they like from where I read like that they'll stand up as they hunt because they can see further away and that made me realize that kind of creates like a a like a incentive to stand when you as a predator and so then we have all these fossil records of bipedalism going on but do you think it was incentivized like bipedalism or hunting or do you think maybe other other types of well I think it's a combination of quite a number if you look at the literature and then there's and there's been a long discussion debate about what were the motivating factors for the evolution of bipedalism and uh and I was I came up through a a tradition uh my mentors uh emphasized not to exclusivity but they emphasized the mechanical aspects of it so you have the things the the uh the Just So Stories about you know carrying stuff provisioning people better individuals back it there at the camp you have standing up to get the view you have standing up to have less surface area exposed to the Sun and but one is when you your uh thorax and shoulder gerbil has been modified for arm movements like this that are involved in vertical climbing and overhead reaching and hanging heart our thorax is flattened and our shoulder blades are on the backs of our thorax and so when we adopt a quadrupedal posture or if a suspensory adapted primate adapts a adopts a quadrupedal posture like a gorilla or a chin they're actually placing the shoulder joint into Shear because all committed quadrupeds have deep narrow rib cages shoulder blades on the side so now they're aligned with the shoulder and so the the joint is experiencing compressive forces joints tolerate compressive forces quite readily but Shear forces the tendency to push one bone past the other that's not good and so if those Shear forces are Amplified by excessive Mass when a Big Ape is committed to the ground it has two Choice well it has three choices one is to walk quadrupedly I'm going to Palmer grade fashion one is to walk by peely the third I added is you know because we see a different solution in chimps and gorillas because of their disproportionate um limb lengths then their forearms or four limbs are so exaggerated now because they're so adapted to quadrant to buy a hanging suspensory that when they're on the ground that it naturally pushes their body back reduces the stress on the shoulders and emphasizes the compressive forces on the hips which creates a different form of movement exactly so it is a modified quadripedalism I.E knuckle walking and they walk on their Knuckles because they have these very mobile wrists from hanging and swinging and so when you know even even people I'm one you know if I do push-ups like this it really hurts through my wrist so you know people have designed gadgets to do push-ups on that's the reason for that or work just just turn your your uh hand you know from this posture to this posture so that this is compression now yeah and you know these bones are pretty stable the metacarpals yeah you can line up or you can even do a gorilla stance it's just the problem is we haven't evolved the even lengths the sub equal length see so it puts everything on the middle one if you look at the gorilla these are almost all the same length so it's much more and their fingers are webbed up higher so it gives greater stability that is so interesting anyway so so now that so knuckle walking is a very modified so if we can acknowledge that set it aside for a minute then we're left these two possibilities you either walk on all fours or you walk on on the twos well walking on twos is a pretty likely solution to avoid you know big eight to avoid these compressive forces through their shoulders and their elbows and their wrists and and uh and finger bones and so forth so that that's one explanation yeah mechanical but see if you combine that with the fact that yeah once you do that there's all kinds of other benefits like being able to see farther or freeing your hands to carry things you know etc etc I don't know which one was the well yeah and and why should we separate them I mean I think the fact that there's the synergism and there's Mutual reinforcement of all of these selection pressures with to strengthen the likelihood of the outcome the common outcome to all those those pressures or selection selection pressures both positive and negative and so um the idea that bipedalism was an exclusive isolated event just a one I mean it's kind of like the origin of life we always get following this trap that could happen just once you know there's this serendipitous there's a cartoon I show my students where it shows this little tepid pond in a in an ancient Earth and it says two amino acids drifting towards each other and then it's and this is like 4.7 billion years ago and then it says um uh 4.4 you know 4.71 billion or two seconds later it says two seconds later two amino acids drifting apart and then it goes 3.2 billion years so in other words it only happened once and it only happened it was a singular rare event and now that's old school yeah now I mean there were there were things going on in little tepid ponds under the ice you know in in uh funeral events at the bottom of the ocean I mean life it was a uh obligatory outcome of matter with without a Sit Downs exactly same with with I think with bipedalism you know you get all these organisms that are right on the verge anatomically and behaviorally uh why should we think that it only happened once and then yeah now there's evidence yeah the fossil record exactly everywhere that there were multiple Origins and even some myosin Apes that that went extinct like oreopithicus that may have been largely bipedal when it when it was on the ground but otherwise it was climbing around in the in the canopy of these flooded forests and that's only a small piece that we can see in the fossil record because oh right because we can only get little glimpses yeah of what was out there through the floss record and also kind of like your discussion yesterday one of the big ones is learning about like decomposition how fast things decompose or even like the like chimpanzees right they only have one I think possible of uh just three or four teeth of one individual basically yeah but we know they've been around for millions of years or a million years at least yeah all right so around today yeah and also the the proportion of bears to Sasquatch that that's amazing because that's the Big Goal why don't we find bones it's like well we don't find bones of bears that's very often at all that's right if this is one out of every 40 or something like that I think is what you were saying yeah one one Sasquatch to every 100 to 200 200 right and I stick a ball part right you know just a just a rule of thumb it's not even assuming you come across someone and can identify it right a piece of one instead of just being like that's a notebooks I know like I'd most likely be like that's most likely like a just a big elk bonus right sure I'd be dismissing so they probably there probably have been come across but if they don't have like any knowledge right to be able to identify the anatomy of the structure unless because they're not gonna find the whole skeleton they're most likely yeah like yesterday they're not going to know any better so that yeah that reduces the the life chances even more yeah absolutely don't find a diagnostic characteristic unless it's a cranium most people are not going to have the wherewithal and even then I mean I I was I was all excited because a fellow contacted me and he was on a construction crew putting in a power line a big power line through southern Oregon through the Rogue River Country real wild back country and he says he stayed way back and he says I I've had a human osteology class in college so I know what I'm talking about I found what you're looking for I said well send me a photo as soon as you can so eventually sent me a photo it was a moose skull with a snout broken off right here to make it so but I mean I mean it didn't resemble anything like a candidate whatsoever interesting I was so hopeful and it just so now I know and it's another lesson too is you cannot rely on eyewitness anecdotes without substantiation and documentation 100 you just can't I mean you can you can throw it in the hopper and see if there are some patterns that might emerge but but uh it's it's very very problematic you know so the criticism is about the reliability of eyewitness testimony and there's been some more positive we just published an article or no we didn't publish it was I reviewed it and commented on it it was actually published in a different journal anomalistic and uh was the name of the journal but but it was about it was a kind of a rethink about the utility of uh Eyewitness News and my comment was while I was very pleased to see this this uh reassessment of the value because there is value but you still have to have this cautionary note because you know focusing on Footprints I've had ample experience where people have asserted things too sure and yet when I when I say okay but where's the documentation oh okay and they bring out the footprint or the photograph and it's nothing right you know then even in that case you can document in the case of the eyewitness accounts you know you left entirely to their interpretation the interpretation of their experience yeah so it's it's a dodgy you know it's always what we found is the eyewitness accounts what that's helped us do it's like a lead is a lead to narrow down right right so what what when I when I get one weird story that's a weird story when you get two stories that's when it starts establishing a pattern like this one canyon we've had multiple encounters from that people telling us stories from there doesn't mean anything no but at least there's multiple people telling us so it gives us a place to look to investigate and that's what led us to here right you know we started one place and that we found some other Oddities and then I continued searching along the river found the found the trees then we found this and uh now now I know what to do to look at those other prints because right yeah that was interesting because that was going straight up a hill and the spacing from the first one to the second one which the reason I thought it was just erosion uh yeah but the spacing was about six and a half feet of stride and I actually said that's huge yeah as I'm videoing it but I didn't know right well and the fact that maybe just erosion the fact that that the stride is lengthened it would also Accord with the half tracks because those are not only are they found in situations where it's climbing an incline but when they're running see so so um we have interesting examples uh one of the very very clear examples that I have the Hereford track also included half tracks and when you looked at the scenario it was Milling about the equipment like it was investigating what's going on here and then it was probably spooked by something I suspect it was actually the workers who discovered the tracks because then there's a straight b line of of half tracks with twice the step length heading straight back for the tree line and so boom boom boom you know and and uh so it's not a casual walk it's a it's uh I'm getting out of here yeah that's kind of interesting because I was reading about like just human anatomy and like how they were doing like us you know like just how people like run right and they found out like in another study that was doing the first day they showed like they run the ball of their foot right but they found out that they only do that when uh not not when they're running comfortably when they're about in the country they go like mid foot but when they're but when they're running like a speed that they feel like not necessarily comfortable at they'll run on the ball of their foot to improve yeah you know like a so I wonder if that's something similar it could be it could be I mean we you know there's a whole um debate about uh uh heel strike running versus toe to yield running and um when you look at uh indigenous peoples you know they run who've never worn shoes they don't heal strike when they're when they're running and even at a moderate age you know they're they're coming down on the toes because one it spares that extra concussive horse on the deal but also it by doing that it loads the Achilles tendon the calcaneal tendon which is a great elastic storage mechanism when you heel strike it does just the opposite see and so there's tremendous Advantage our part Anatomy is actually designed for that toe strike first because then it drives the heel downward you know and that lengthens puts tension on the accused tendon which stores some of that elastic kinetic energy which can be returned uh at a significant economy I mean it's a I can't remember the exact value but it's like 20 percent of the kinetic energy is returned you know it's just like you know see the kangaroos the big giant red kangaroos have taken this to the extreme and and are the once they get up to a certain speed and especially in the tail too because they they cantilever that stiff tail with the body out in front of these long legs so not only are they storing the elastic energy in the in the in the lower extremity but with each strike the Torso and tail flex and that he tends to bring back up exactly tenses the ligaments and so when they when they recoil it literally helps to lift you know that's amazing AIDS The Proposal so they get to a certain point and and their energy consumption just drops right off it's just boom boom boom they're just bouncing along you know what percentage would you oh I don't know it's not I mean it's still higher than 20 right yeah oh yeah maybe about 50 or something yeah yeah something like that but that's you know that's amazing well it's essentially about those dog tracks that we found that oh the heel strike you know it's a wolf that was running or something right and the the and then this was hitting oh really yeah we have we had to go talk to a Veterinary and stuff because you could see like the whole imprint and we found that's actually normal in canines the whole thing is so flexible um and then and it helps them like in the same way but it just blew our minds because we never even thought that that was that the dog possible yeah the dog's like could do that but they're they're an energy well thank you so much this has been this has been huge absolutely I really appreciate it thank you yeah I appreciate it Hey kid don't ever let them get inside your head they'll tell you what to do in life instead of everything you know that you can get don't let them guide your life towards regret I'll fight for what I love with every breath my past is filled with things I won't forget [Music] [Applause] all right just push yourself test yourself figure out what you like and find your limits don't be rigid always work towards a prime surround yourself with open minds people can't change your life a few friends with intent can't help you feel alive find a passion take some action and with a little time just be patient make a statement try to enjoy your life they'll try to kick you while you're down rise up while you drown they wanna fill your head with doubt they're silently scared that you'll figure it out I'll make it look like I'm losing and when they finally think you're wrong just to be ruthless

Channel: Modern Explorer

Views: 13,324

Keywords: Sasquatch, bigfoot, mateo arguello, phenomicon, dr jeff meldrum, how a sasquatch foot works, the difference between sasquatch and human feet, sasquatch and evolution, sasquatch in the fossil record, bigfoot and the midtarsal break, jeff meldrum reveals the truth, what is sasquatch, who is bigfoot, this is why cryptids are real, what does a scientist say about bigfoot, anthropologists expert view, is sasquatch paranormal, anatomy of a bigfoot, rocky mountain sasquatch, how to hunt

Id: 0RdVqzwk57k

Length: 47min 50sec (2870 seconds)

Published: Fri Jan 20 2023