In-Text Citations Made Easy: APA 7th Edition Format

hi guys welcome to the smart student my name is chelsea seaburn and my job is to make the lives of online college students just a little easier in today's video i'm going to be covering in-text citations under apa 7th edition formatting the way this video is going to work is that i'm going to explain the basics of in-text citations first and then i'm going to walk you through a bunch of different scenario examples in the second half all of the documents that i use in the tutorial can be found in the description of this video where you can print out or save on your computer in the meantime go ahead and give this video a big thumbs up subscribe if you haven't already and let's get started first of all why do you need in-text citations well when you're writing your college essays in research papers you will use information from other people's work either through paraphrasing or by directly quoting them in-text citations are what differentiates between your own original thoughts and ideas versus someone else's because if you do not give credit when using someone else's idea this is considered plagiarism and plagiarism is simply using someone else's idea and trying to pass it off as your own and here's the thing whether you intend to plagiarize or not you are still equally liable and can be equally punished for it what this means for you academically is missed points failing grains and in extreme cases it could mean failing your course okay great well then what exactly is an in-text citation an in-text citation is a shortened citation that refers a reader to the full citation located in the reference list at the end of your paper from there the reader is able to look up or retrieve the source aka reference the source all in-text citations under apa 7th edition follow the same author date format meaning you will always include the author's last name and the year of publication if you were citing a specific part of a source then you would want to include a source locator that being said a source locator is not necessary if you are paraphrasing unless it would significantly help the reader locate the source however if you are directly quoting someone else's work then you must use a source locator ooh what is a source locator for books you would include a page number for videos or audio books you would include a time stamp for a powerpoint presentation use a slide number for sources without easily identifiable locators like a web page you'll want to indicate the paragraph number or maybe the heading of the section you're referencing now let's go ahead and move on to the formatting of in-text citations because there are two different types there are parenthetical in-text citations and narrative in-text citations all right well what's the difference between a parenthetical and a narrative in-text citation that's a great question to best explain that let's go ahead and jump into my computer where you can follow along and see what i'm talking about as i explain it all right everyone welcome into my computer i'm going to be using google docs on a macbook pro as a reminder these documents are included in the description of this video if you'd like to download them to better follow along just so you know the way this demonstration is going to work is that on the left hand side i've included the full reference list on the right hand side of the screen are the examples of those different in-text citations i will be going through them one at a time explaining the different scenarios i'd like to start by answering that question of what is the difference between a parenthetical and a narrative in-text citation well as a reminder all in-text citations include the author's last name in the euro publication parenthetical and narrative refer to the type of formatting and how you would include it in the text parenthetical citations are by far the most common and probably the type you'll use the most for this type of citation you would enclose the author's last name and the your publication in parentheses like you see it is here please note how these two elements are separated by a comma in one space most parenthetical citations will be located at the end of this sentence that being said they can be placed in the middle of the sentence if that makes more logical sense to do so if this parenthetical citation included a source locator it would look like this if the source spanned multiple sections or in this case pages you would include that in the locator like this great let's go ahead and move on to how you would format a narrative in text citation in a narrative citation the author's name is incorporated into the text as a part of the sentence giving it a more natural flow as you can see here the author's last name is included within the text and the date is placed directly after it enclosed in parentheses if your narrative in-text citation has a source locator you would include the source locator at the end of the text enclosed in parentheses like you see here a quick note i'd like to make before moving on is that the author's last name can be included at any part within the text so in other words it does not have to come at the beginning of the sentence like you see here it could be placed in the middle of the sentence like this awesome now that you know the two different formats of in-text citations let's go ahead and walk through a few different scenario examples for a source with two authors in a parenthetical citation you would use an ampersand symbol to separate the two last names everything else in the citation would follow the same traditional formatting principles if you are using a narrative in-text citation you would spell out the word and rather than use the ampersand symbol if you are citing a source with more than three authors you include the first author's last name followed by at all and all means and others please note how there is a period after at all before the comma the rest of the parenthetical citation formatting would remain the same the narrative in-text citation would use the same at all abbreviation as well great now let's move on to what to do when the author is an organization actually this would be an author is a group author and an organization is an example of a group author so i'm going to change this for you other types of group authors could be corporations a government agency maybe a company or a business but for this example i'm going to be demonstrating with the world health organization for the group author and here is the full reference list entry all right if the author is a group author such as an organization you'll want to write out the full organization for the name element if the organization can be abbreviated you'll want to include the abbreviation in brackets the reason being is that if you use this citation more than once in your paper the second time you use it you can use the abbreviated citation entry like this so you can understand this a little better i've created an example for you now this is just filler text so these paragraphs don't actually say anything but you can clearly see what the in-text citations with the group author would look like if it had an abbreviation and they were using the same citation twice now let's say you were using a narrative in-text citation it would look something like this within your text the second citation entry would still be able to follow the same abbreviated style great now let's go ahead and move on to what you would do if the source you're trying to cite doesn't have an author it's not a group author which makes it an unknown author let me go ahead and pull up the full citation for this example here we go all right what you would do if there is no author included in your source is you would include a shortened title in the name element instead as you can see the rest of the formatting will stay the same whether using a parenthetical or a narrative in-text citation something i'd like to make a note of real quick is that if the title is italicized in your reference list entry it will also need to be italicized in your in-text citation entries as well if the title was not italicized what you would do is you would use double quotations around the title instead the reason being is that these double quotations will help signify or identify that you are using a shortened title instead of a last name or a group authors in the name element portion of your in-text citation i'm going to go ahead and change these back to italicize though because that's what fits this example of having an italic title all right now let's go ahead and move on to what to do if your source is missing a date this is actually fairly simple if your citation is missing a date you would use the same n d abbreviation in the euro publication portion of your in-text citation now what i would like to do is go through a couple scenarios that are a little more complicated such as citing more than one study at a time or having different sources that have the same in-text citation now these scenarios are not as common they're actually quite rare but you might run into them so i want to make sure you know what to do if that happens let's go ahead and start with what you would do if you're trying to cite more than one study at a time all right so i went ahead and highlighted the three different studies that this in-text citation is trying to cite i purposely chose three sources that have three different variations on the name element of the citation because i want you to pay attention to something so in this citation if you'll notice the formatting for each individual source is the exact same as if it were cited on its own the only difference is that there is a semicolon separating these three different citations the full citation is still enclosed in parentheses just as if this were one single source now if you'll notice the narrative in-text citation uses the same formatting again just as if this were one source for the narrative entry you would separate each citation with a comma just like how you would use commas in traditional grammar when you're listing three or more words phrases clauses items in a series as you can see you would use the commas in the same way make sure to take note of again how the ampersand symbol is used in the parenthetical citation and the word and is spelled out for the narrative awesome let's go ahead and talk about what to do if you have two different sources that have the same in-text citation so looking at these two reference list entries they have the same author in the same year publication but as you can see they are two different citations what you would do in this scenario is actually very simple you would use a lowercase letter to differentiate these two sources in the euro publication element what this does is it allows you to differentiate between the two sources in your in-text citations like this it also ensures that the reader is able to match the correct in-text citation to the full reference so they are able to look up the source if they would like let's go ahead and check out that example text one last time because this is what those in-text citations would look like in your paper this first example is showing you what a narrative citation would look like and this is what the parenthetical would look like alright great now in the last section of this video i'm going to go over direct quotes and block quotes i'm going to hit enter just a couple times so that these are on the same page which is a little nicer to read and let's go ahead and go to the two references that we'll be talking about the main difference between a direct quote and a block quote is that direct quotes are quotes of fewer than 40 words if you have 40 or more words you would format it as a block quote but let's go ahead and start with the direct quote so a direct quote is when you use another author's work and you include it in your paper word for word here's the thing with direct quotes so you do not want to overly use them in your papers honestly as a rule of thumb i suggest using one to two at most per paper and if you can avoid them all together that's usually the best option the reason being is that teachers would rather see you use your own reasoning critical thinking skills to research and paraphrase material into your own words rather than just take other authors words and put them into your own paper so my best advice for you is to only use the direct code if it really does solidify the point you're trying to make and if there really is no better way for you to say what the original author already said for a parenthetical entry you'll want to enclose the direct quote in double quotations like you see it is here the in-text citation will include the author's last name the euro publication but now it must include the source locator this example is from a youtube ted talk so the source locator is a time stamp the last note i'd like to make about the parenthetical entry is how the full citation is included after the second double quotation the sentence punctuation would still come on the outside of the second parentheses moving on to the narrative entry here's an example of how you would include a narrative in-text citation for a direct quote as you can see the direct quote is enclosed in double quotation marks and the author and the your publication element remain the same the biggest difference to note here is that the source locator would be placed at the end of the text okay guys moving on to the last example and that is how you would cite block quotes in your papers so like i said before a block quote is for direct quotes that are more than 40 words if you're unsure as to how many words are in your quote you can use the word count feature on either google docs or microsoft word on google docs you would highlight the text click tool from the toolbar and click the word count feature you could also highlight the text and use the shortcut which is command shift c for a macbook or ctrl shift c for a pc if you're using microsoft word you would highlight the text and you can see the word count feature at the bottom left hand corner of the page awesome so when it comes to formatting a block quote in your paper you will want to start the block quote on its own line the entire quote will be indented one half inch like you see it is here and the entire quote would follow the same double spaced formatting as the rest of your paper the in-text citation would follow the same author date format and since you are directly quoting somebody you would include the source locator now a couple differences to note between a block quote in a direct quote is that in a block quote there are no double quotations in closing the text this is because double quotations are used to signify other people's words within your words because a block quote starts on its own line and is indented inward one half inch that is what differentiates to the reader that these are someone else's words within your text also the in-text citation is to be included after the closing punctuation of the text this is because the citation itself is not a part of the cited text great here's an example of how a narrative in-text citation would look for a block quote again please note how the citation elements are not included in the block text portion the author's last name and urine publication are included before the block text starts and the source locator is included after the closing punctuation of the text all right so i know we just covered a lot of ground and you are a trooper for making it through this entire video please remember that i have handouts in the description below of everything i referenced in this video and again i have tons of other videos that will help you master the art of apa 7th edition which can also be found in the description below or on my channel in the apa 7th edition playlist if you need further help i've included my email down below shoot me an email let me know what you need help with and i will let you know how you can get started with one-on-one academic coaching with me and lastly if you haven't already be sure to join the smart student facebook group it's a great place for community in connection and to ask any questions you have right now when it comes to online college but go ahead and give this video a big thumbs up share it with your friends and subscribe for more videos like this if you haven't already i'll see you guys next time thank you

Channel: Smart Student

Views: 659,748

Keywords: In-text citations made easy: APA 7th edition format, in-text citations, in-text citations apa, in-text citations apa 7th edition, in-text citations made easy apa, apa in-text citations for videos, apa in-text citations for websites, how to use apa in-text citations to avoid plagiarism, in text citations in word, in text citations in google docs, in text citations for beginners

Id: RWZCXPoBo-k

Length: 16min 22sec (982 seconds)

Published: Sun Dec 13 2020