How does a Refrigerator Work? (3D Animation)

have you wondered how the refrigerator in your home works refrigerators which have become an integral part of every household works on some simple and scientific principles starting from a simple and basic model this video will elaborate on the workings of a modern refrigerator and its High Energy Efficiency simply a cold liquid is continuously passed inside the refrigerator around the object to be cooled now let's see how this continuously moving cold liquid is achieved inside the refriger Ator the most crucial component of the refrigerator is a device named throttling device here a capillary tube with a small diameter is taken as the throttling device and cold water is produced from the throttling phenomenon for Effective throttling the refrigerant should be in a liquid state at high pressure the throttling device is a huge obstruction to the flow so a huge pressure drop occurs when liquid passes through the throttling device due to the drop in pressure the boiling point of the liquid drops and turns it into vapor the energy required for the refrigerant liquid to evaporate comes from the refrigerant so its temperature drops now we have converted the room temperature liquid at high pressure to cold and low pressurized Vapor but the thing to be noted is that only a small portion of the liquid is evaporated then the liquid is passed through the object to be cooled during the heat absorption process the refrigerant further evaporates and all the remaining refrigerant turns into pure Vapor since there is a change of phasee In the period the temperature of the liquid does not change this heat exchange system is called evaporator by the clever use of evaporator fans inside the refrigerator one can maintain different temperature levels inside the refrigerator so we have achieved the refrigeration effect inside of our refrigerator now if we can convert the cold low press vapor into the state before that is high press liquid we will be able to repeat the same process again now at first we have to convert the low press vapor into High Press vapor and for that we use a compressor as you can see that a reciprocating type compressor is used here however the compressor is also compressing gas with pressure so the temperature inevitably Rises now we've converted the refrigerant into High Press Vapor to convert the vapor into a liquid state we introduce another heat exchanger which is fitted outside of the refrigerator thus it will liberate heat to the surroundings and its temperature will reach its normal level this heat exchanger is known as a condenser now the refrigerant is back in its normal state so it can be fed into the throttling device again just by repeating this process again and again we will be able to achieve a continuous cooling effect this is the most basic refrigerator ever this refrigerator will work perfectly in theory but in practice we will experience different sorts of issues let's see what these issues are and how to overcome them one major issue is the frost developed in the freezer compartment the air in the compartment has moisture content which will turn into Frost when it comes in contact with the evaporator coil such ice coating prevents further heat exchange and the refrigerator becomes inefficient over time to overcome this issue heating rods are used to remove the frost produced and the condensate is collected in the refrigerator somewhere near the compressor moreover in modern refrigerators you won't be able to see the condenser fins on the back of the refrigerator instead they use a compact condenser system that uses a cooling fan and the same heat rejection system is achieved here cold air cools the hot High Press vapor and returned to the throttling device in modern refrigerators you may not see the throttling device as presented here because the throttling device can also have a long wire shape instead of a curly spring shape a filter dryer is used to remove any moisture content present in the refrigerant that might become trapped in the compressor operation we hope this video gave you a clear insight into the workings of a modern refrigerator thanks for watching the video

Channel: PhysicsPOV

Views: 2,463

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Id: xqhR2tl_Hdw

Length: 4min 10sec (250 seconds)

Published: Sun Feb 25 2024