Hi, students. I hope you're well. In this lesson, we're going
to learn about one word-- up here-- which has four
different pronunciations. So let's find out
how you pronounce it. The way you pronounce this
word says something about you in terms of your social class. You probably didn't know that. So based on your
pronunciation of this word-- say aloud for me now-- we're going to find out
if you are posh, if you're at the top of the social scale. If you are one of the common
people, if your speech is like that of the common man. We might find out that you're
somewhere in the middle, or perhaps you're American. So we'll go through
the four pronunciations and you'll find out. And then, in the second
part of the lesson, we're going to learn
similar words that end with this spelling pattern. So they can be pronounced
in a few different ways. OK, let's get started. So I will say the
first word for you. Garage /ˈgær.ɑːʒ/. Garage /ˈgær.ɑːʒ/. Can you say it for me now? Garage /ˈgær.ɑːʒ/. The last sound in here is a very
French sounding phoneme, ʒ, ʒ. A quick demonstration
of how to pronounce it. Make a "d" sound, d, d, d d. And that spot where your
tongue touches, leave a gap and let the air travel as
your vocal cords vibrate-- ʒ, ʒ, ʒ. It's not a sound made
by touching there, but it's in a similar place. You've got to leave a gap, "ʒ." Say it with me again. Garage /ˈgær.ɑːʒ/, garage /ˈgær.ɑːʒ/. Now, if you pronounce a word
like that, what social class does it reveal about you? Have a think about it
and choose one of those from the cloud, the
bubble, you think it is. I'll write it in. This is the posh
pronunciation of the word. OK, let's do the second one. Garage /ˈgær.ɑːʤ/, garage /ˈgær.ɑːʤ/, garage /ˈgær.ɑːʤ/. Hopefully the microphone
is sensitive enough to pick up the sound
difference, because if we have a look here the IPA,
it's very, very, very similar. The difference is the last
phoneme, which in this case is a /ʤ/ like
in my name, Jade /ˈʤeɪd/. But because it's at
the end of a word here, it's not as strong as
sounds at the beginning. So I say Jade, but
here is /ɑːʤ/ /ɑːʤ/ Garage /ˈgær.ɑːʤ/. Garage /ˈgær.ɑːʤ/. This phoneme here,
like in my name, if you have a look
at the symbols is made up of two symbols. So it begins pretty much like a
/d/, and it ends like a /ʒ/ /ʤ ʤ/ We can also think of it as a
combination of the two sounds. So, choose now the social
class of pronouncing this word with the final /ʤ/ like that. I would say this one is,
let's just say, in the middle. The third pronunciation now. Garage /ˈgær.ɪʤ/. Garage /ˈgær.ɪʤ/. Garage /ˈgær.ɪʤ/. We're getting a little
bit different now, because we've got a
different vowel here. The last sound in
the word is /ɪʤ/ Garage /ˈgær.ɪʤ/. Garage /ˈgær.ɪʤ/. Where's the petrol garage? And this one is a speech
of the common folk, the everyday people. And our last pronunciation
here, well, of course, is only one answer. Garage /gəˈrɑːʒ/, garage /gəˈrɑːʒ/. This is the American
pronunciation, although you'll probably find
some British people pronounce it that way, because we are
influenced by American media. But we know as a
general rule that this is an American
pronunciation, because they tend to put the stress
on the second syllable. Whereas the British
pronunciations put the stress on
the first syllable. OK, before we get to
part two of the lesson, got something to ask you. This channel here, it's
been going a long time. But it has been neglected. Let's be honest about it. So I'm now trying to
recover the channel, and to do that, we have to
play by YouTube's rules. Which means every time
you watch a video, you've got to like
the video, you've got to subscribe
and ring that bell, if you've never rung
that bell before. So, I have to ask you
to do those things, otherwise my channel is not
really going to do very well. And I want to make really
good lessons for you that you would otherwise
get in one of my courses. So, if it's no trouble for you
to do, please like the video. OK, we can continue now. Let's look at the spending
patterns and the pronunciation patterns four words ending in
"A-G-E," pronounced as /ɑːʒ/ /ɑːʒ/ This would be like the posh
pronunciation of garage /ˈgær.ɑːʒ/. Garage /ˈgær.ɑːʒ/. OK. Let's say the words together. Some of them will have
different pronunciations, but this is the
pronunciation you'll find in most dictionaries. We'll say them together. Massage, massage. Mirage, mirage. Camouflage, camouflage. Sabotage, sabotage. Espionage, espionage. OK. A few comments
about these words. Massage is where you go
when your body is aching and you get your body
pressed and rubbed, so that you feel better. A mirage is something that
you see in the desert. You think you see water there,
but it's not really there. It's a trick of the
weather patterns. Camouflage is what
people in the army wear to hide from the enemy. Sabotage is what
you do to an enemy. So you spoil their equipment. You damage their equipment,
you create an explosion, you blow up their factory,
that kind of thing. Because you are trying to get
advantage over your enemy. And the last one, espionage. This is the activity of spying. Let's bring it together, so
it sticks in your mind a bit. The last three have a
military association, as do many French words
that have entered English. OK. Let's look at the next category. This time, "A-G-E"
is pronounced /ɪʤ/. This is weird. We don't expect words
spelt "A-G-E" to have a "i" sound in... /ɪʤ/ /ɪʤ/. My students commonly
mispronounce these words. Because of this
spending pattern, they don't know it's
pronounced /ɪʤ/. Always have to teach them that. Let's say this together. Message, message. I have to write that in. You can't see the
spelling, it came off. Message, send a text message. Village, village. A sleepy village. Garbage, garbage. The garbage bin
is in the garden. Average, average. I live on an average street. Damage, damage. There is damage caused
to my car in the garage. Oh, OK. So I gave you a clue there
about my natural pronunciation of that word. I'm not going to say anymore. And the last pronunciation
here is "A-G-E," is /eɪʤ/. And it's a bit different. This is a good way to show
you that the same spending patterns isn't always going to
be pronounced in the same way. Look at these short
words we've got. We've got age, page,
rage, stage, gauge, cage. All of them end
in a /ʤ/ sound. There's one tricky word on
here, really it's this one. Gauge. This is a kind of measuring
device, such as a fuel gauge in a car,
which will tell you how much petrol
you have got left. Before you need to go to the-- you say it, choose
your pronunciation-- before you have to
go to that place. OK. Thank you so much, students. Don't forget to like the video
if you haven't done it already. And I would also like to
offer you a free business English pronunciation
lesson, which you can get by following
the link in the description. Thank you so much, and
come back again soon. I'll see you then. Bye.
