History of the Black Colleges & Universities

[Music] before the Civil War the first historical black colleges were found in Pennsylvania and Ohio majority of the higher learning education Institute's were predominantly white who disqualified or limited african-americans to enroll a century after the end of slavery most of these colleges especially in the southern states regularly employed quotas to limit admissions of blacks during Reconstruction the Freedmen's Bureau pushed Congress to provide practical aid to four million newly freed African Americans in their transition from slavery to freedom its greatest accomplishments were in the education more than 1,000 black schools were built and over four hundred thousand dollars spent to establish teacher training institutions in this video we will explore our most prestigious historical black colleges in their origins in 1837 the first HBCU was founded in Cheney Pennsylvania Cheney University built on a land donated by the Cheney family the university was founded as the African Institute in February 1837 and renamed the Institute of colored youth in April of that same year the Institute was founded by Richard Humphreys a Quaker philanthropist who donated $10,000 which was 1/10 of his estate to design and establish a school to educate people of African descent and prepare them as teachers up until 1914 Cheney did not award degrees soon after it adopted the curriculum of a Normal School Cheney is the oldest African American Institute of higher learning in 1851 the University of the District of Columbia was established in Washington DC it was known as the Normal School for color girls with the purpose to educate African American women founded by ma Trillo minor an educator and abolitionist the school grew due to mergers and consolidation into the only public university in Washington DC later in 1870 9 the normal school for color girls was then known as minor normal school the Washington Normal School was established in 1873 for girls and was renamed the Wilson Normal School in 1913 in 1929 the united states congress made both schools four-year teacher colleges and designated minor Teachers College for african-americans and Wilson's Teachers College for whites in 1955 after the Brown versus Board of Education the two schools merged into the District of Columbia Teachers College 18:54 John Miller Dickey a Presbyterian minister and his wife Sarah Creason a Quaker founded Ashman Institute located in Hinson Ville Pennsylvania they named the school after a religious leader and social reformer Judy Ashman it was founded for the education of African Americans who had few opportunities for higher learning John Dickey was the first president of the college and he encouraged his first students and brother to support the establishments of Liberia as a colony for African Americans this was the American Colonization Society project in 1866 a year after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln Ashman Institute was renamed Lincoln University you as a privately historical black university in Wilberforce Ohio Wilberforce University affiliated with the African Methodist Episcopal Church the AME was the first college to be owned and operated by African Americans founded in 1856 it was established between the Cincinnati Ohio Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church and the African Methodist Episcopal Church to provide classical education and teacher training for black youth this was due to the fact that during the Civil War the student population declined due to financial losses of the clothes in 1863 until the AME Church purchased the institution Bishop Daniel Payne was one of the university's original founders and became the first president after reopening lemoyne-owen college is a private historical black college affiliated with the United Church of Christ and located in Memphis Tennessee the Lemoine normal and commercial school was founded in 1862 during the time American missionary association opened an elementary school at Camp shallow tend to see for free blacks and escaped slaves this was one of the many founded by the AMA as an integrated organization led by black and white Congregational Methodist and Presbyterian ministers in 1866 it was destroyed during white race Wyatt's following the withdrawal of federal troops in Memphis during the Civil War the school was rebuilt and reopened in 1867 with 150 students and six teachers in 1870 Frances Julius Lemoine who was a doctor and abolitionist donated $20,000 to the American missionary Association to build an elementary and secondary school for prospect teachers Owen College was established as a junior college so lemoyne-owen College was formed during the 1968 merger of LeMoyne college and Owen College both private historically black and church-affiliated Wayland Seminary was the Washington DC school of the national Theological Institute it was established in 1865 by the American Baptist home Mission Society a Christian missionary it was primarily designed to provide education and training for African American freedmen to enter into ministry due to the nat turner rebellion in 1831 it was unlawful to teach a slave to read the American Baptist home Mission Society proposed a national Theological Institute to educate any wish into inner ministry with the different branches in Richmond Virginia in Washington DC classes began in 1867 in both cities and DC classes were held in the basement of the first colored Baptist Church of Washington DC and eventually became Wayland seminary it was named to commemorate Frances Whelan a former president of Brown University and the leader of the anti-slavery struggle b'av oldest HBCU at Maryland Bowie State University was founded in 1865 by the Baltimore Association for the morale and educational improvement of colored people as a teaching school the school first used space at the African Baptist Church at Calvert Street in Sarasota Street in Baltimore Maryland formally named the Baltimore school for color teachers in 1883 it was reorganized as the Baltimore Normal School and educated African Americans to be teachers for African American students until 1908 at the first institution of teaching under the Maryland Department of Education it was redesignated as a normal school number three in 1910 it was moved to the Jericho farm in Prince George's County about 60 students lived in the farmhouse alone in 1914 it was renamed as the Maryland normal and industrial school in Bowie in 1935 it was renamed Maryland Teachers College at Bowie in 1963 Bowie State was officially named a liberal arts school and it was named Bowie State University in 1988 elana University founded in 1865 Clark College was founded in 1869 elana University was founded by the American missionary Association with the assistance from the Freedmen's Bureau it was the nation's oldest graduate institution serving a predominantly african-american student body in the 1870s the college began granting bachelor's degrees and black teachers to public schools in the south shortly after had moved this campus and merged with Clark College Morris Brown College and the interdenominational theological center Clark College was founded by the Methodist Episcopal Church which later became the United Methodist Church it was renamed at the Bishop David basket Clark who was the first president of the Freedmen's Aid Society and became bishop in 1864 in 1871 the school relocated to a new site and in 1877 the school was chartered as Clark University in 1988 it was consolidated forman Clark Atlanta University you as a liberal arts institution Shaw University was founded on December the 1st 1865 it was the first HBCU in the southern United States the school was also founded by the American Baptist home Mission Society Henry Martin Cooper a Baptist minister founded the University located in Raleigh North Carolina it was established for African Americans following the end of the Civil War after he established the second Baptist Church of Raleigh he and his Bible study students constructed a two-story building where he taught freedmen in 1875 Shaw Collegiate Institute became Shaw University only two major structures existed hiding from lynch mobs and one of his buildings it provided instruction services a library and lodging it was renamed Shaw Collegiate Institute after Elisha Shaw the benefactor of Shaw Hall the first building in 1875 they became Shaw University in 1881 the medical building became reality and the Leonard medical building was erected in 1881 January 2/10 1885 opened for patients it began the first four-year medical school for trained african-american doctors in the south Leonard Medical School was founded in 1881 as the first four-year medical school in the south to Train black doctors and pharmacists the first school in the state to offer a four-year curriculum Fisk University located in Nashville Tennessee was founded in 1866 after the Civil War leaders of the northern American missionary Association founded the Fiske free scullers school for the education of freedmen in Nashville named after general Clinton B Fisk of the Tennessee Freeman's burrow he established the first free schools for white and black children the American missionary Association was supported by the United Church of Christ Fisk opened for classes on January the 9th 1866 Fisk was the first African American institution to gain accreditation by the Southern Association of colleges in schools you Lincoln University is a public historical black land-grant University in Jefferson City of Missouri it was founded in 1866 by african-american veterans of the Civil War during the Civil War the 62nd color Infantry Regiment of the United States Army raised six thousand three hundred dollars to set up a black school headed by a white abolitionist officer named richard Foster Foster opened the Lincoln Institute in 1866 the Institute had a black student body both black and white teachers the state government provided five thousand dollars a year to train for the state's new black school system under the marilla Act of 1890 Missouri designated a school a land-grant university emphasized in agriculture mechanics and teachings as a black liberal arts college in Holly Springs Mississippi rust College was founded in 1866 and it is the second oldest private college in the state its affiliated with the United Methodist Church and one of the ten historically black colleges and universities founded before 1868 that is still operating it was founded on November 224 1866 by northern missionaries with a group called the Freeman's a society in the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1870 chartered by Shaw University honoring Reverend s ol Shaw who made a gift to ten thousand dollars to adjust to inflation the school then in 1892 to avoid his confusion with Charla University in Raleigh North Carolina changed the name to Russ University in honor of Reverend Richard s rust of the Cincinnati Ohio who was a preacher abolitionist and Secretary of the Freedmen's Aid Society who also helped would find in the college in 1915 the institution assumed the name Russ College Russ College is the oldest of the eleven historical black colleges and universities with the United Methodist Church and second oldest private college in Mississippi I'm a state university was founded in 1867 as the Lincoln Normal School of Marion in December 1873 the state board accepted transfer in 1874 alabama state university became America's first state-supported educational institution for blacks as a Teachers College the second president William Paterson moved the school to Montgomery in 1887 after moving there it became the Normal School for color students in 1928 it became four-year school in 1929 it was the State Teachers College Alabama State College for Negroes in 1948 and in Alabama State College in 1954 then in 1969 it became Alabama State University Fayetteville State University located in Fayetteville North Carolina it's the second oldest state supported school in North Carolina after the Civil War in 1865 education began in Fayetteville's african-american community beginning with Phillips and Sumner school for primary and intermediate learning in 1867 the schools came together to form Howard School with the vision of the Freedmen's Bureau chief General Oliver o Howard erected a building on land donated by prominent african-american men such as Matthew in Leary Andrew J chestnut Robert Simmons George Gregor Thomas Lorax Nelson Carter and David a Bryant who together paid a hundred and thirty six dollars for to lots and galitsky Street in Fayetteville forming their board of trustees to maintain the property for the education of local black youth in 1877 North Carolina legislature provided for the establishment of the first teacher and training institution for african-americans in the state due to the success of the students Howard school became the state colored Normal School and the first state sponsored institution for the education of African American teachers in the south under the leadership of dr. J war Seabrook it became Fayetteville State Teachers College in 1939 in 1959 under the presidency of dr. Rudolph Jones it became Fayetteville State College in 1969 dr. Charles Lyons jr. became president and it was then renamed Fayetteville State University you

Channel: The Darkwarrior Perspective

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Keywords: #History #BlackColleges #HBCU #AMEChurch #AmericanColonizationSociety #AfricanAmericanHistory

Id: h1JmNs_UaE4

Length: 18min 22sec (1102 seconds)

Published: Fri Apr 03 2020